ライフサイエンスコーパス: Africa

1 tic visits done at VxPharma (Pretoria, South Africa).

2 anges of 26 plant species (Proteaceae; South Africa).

3 sing by ancient herding societies in eastern Africa.

4 ica, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

5 orest (TRF) in the world is found in Central Africa.

6 sleeping sickness and nagana in sub-Saharan Africa.

7 g-lived and multipurpose tree of sub-Saharan Africa.

8 rning of waste (particularly e-waste) across Africa.

9 e vulnerabilities among women in sub-Saharan Africa.

10 edicinal plant used to fight malnutrition in Africa.

11 in crania from Drimolen Main Quarry in South Africa.

12 in dryland cropping systems across Southern Africa.

13 line for future surveillance efforts in East Africa.

14 were shared by all children from Europe and Africa.

15 concern in its regions of endemicity in West Africa.

16 ants <3 months of age in Johannesburg, South Africa.

17 plays a central role in human livelihood in Africa.

18 r approach are under way in Rwanda and South Africa.

19 llosis is an endemic zoonosis in sub-Saharan Africa.

20 rauterine device (C-IUD) in Cape Town, South Africa.

21 h-frequency measurements of these gases from Africa.

22 cross Europe, South America, Asia, and north Africa.

23 to accelerate onchocerciasis elimination in Africa.

24 ons are warranted, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

25 d young children from Europe and sub-Saharan Africa.

26 erate elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Africa.

27 ccord with the known history of the virus in Africa.

28 seasonal predictability of fire activity in Africa.

29 r threatening livestock and humans mainly in Africa.

30 y cropland expansion in northern sub-Saharan Africa.

31 ld and Asia, and apparently more recently in Africa.

32 amily planning was met in Middle and Western Africa.

33 de the pandemic response in Kenya and across Africa.

34 ations from healthy participants residing in Africa.

35 antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa.

36 tes across 21,430 camera trap-nights in West Africa.

37 fatality rate in humans in West and Central Africa.

38 utcomes in moderately sized clinics in South Africa.

39 pregnancy (IPTp) for malaria in sub-Saharan Africa.

40 TB remained unacceptably high, even in South Africa.

41 dazole (IA) used in many LF-endemic areas of Africa.

42 the highest malaria transmission outside of Africa.

43 ted regions were southern Africa and eastern Africa.

44 an advantage in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa.

45 al killing for Southern, Central and Western Africa.

46 ed to 5 Ebola treatment units (ETUs) in West Africa.

47 gal contexts in countries across sub-Saharan Africa.

48 evolution of invasive S. Typhimurium across Africa.

49 m an early dispersing group of humans out of Africa.

50 lore the breadth of genomic diversity across Africa.

51 s of deaths every year in the rural areas of Africa.

52 ferral colposcopy clinic in Cape Town, South Africa.

53 birth in a sample of three countries in west Africa.

54 3 of 145; 57%) were conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa.

55 ry healthcare clinics in Johannesburg, South Africa.

56 sus 31.0%) and in all countries except South Africa.

57 h rates of first-line failure in sub Saharan Africa.

58 most likely originated in Europe and not in Africa.

59 l on the species' wintering grounds in North Africa.

60 n immunodeficiency virus-infected persons in Africa.

61 increasing quality of primary care in rural Africa.

62 lia, central and western Europe, and Saharan Africa.

63 biogeographically complex region of Eastern Africa.

64 ountries, all in southern Africa and eastern Africa.

65 ern Europe and lowest in the Middle East and Africa.

66 o-complexes at Diepkloof Rock Shelter, South Africa.

67 of enslaved people from specific regions of Africa.

68 ity of knowledge about DTG efficacy in South Africa.

69 of use of biologic medicines in sub-Saharan Africa.

70 phic range expansion across most of tropical Africa.

71 -year-olds in the United States, Europe, and Africa.

72 DS, the majority of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa.

73 ed from Ghana, Burkina Faso, Kenya and South Africa.

74 ate research into the palaeo-environments of Africa.

75 < .01), and region of residence (sub-Saharan Africa [1.50; 1.07-2.11; P = .02] and Latin America and

76 st Asia but to date has not been reported in Africa(1-4).

77 Africa (15.5% [838 476 of 5 419 010]), east Africa (12.6% [591 140 of 4 704 986]), and Latin America

78 s were 27.4% (23.7-31.7) of women in eastern Africa (14 000 new cases, 12 000-17 000).

79 Africa (21.3% [243 041 of 1 143 531]), west Africa (15.5% [838 476 of 5 419 010]), east Africa (12.6

80 th Asia (3.06 per 100 women) and Sub-Saharan Africa (2.76 per 100 women), compared with high-income c

81 In addition, in 2010-15, central Africa (21.3% [243 041 of 1 143 531]), west Africa (15.5

82 n: eSwatini (32.4%), Botswana (27.4%), South Africa (21.6%), Lesotho (21.1%), and Namibia (16.4%).

83 of wasting by 2100, and central and eastern Africa 25%.

84 Programmes were concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa (25 [42%]), south Asia (13 [22%]), and North Amer

85 sed in 5 prospective cohort studies in South Africa (3 cohorts), Vietnam, and Ghana, carried out duri

86 illion children who were HEU globally: South Africa (3.5 million [23.8%]), Uganda (1.1 million [7.5%]

87 ss threshold (US$500 in Kenya, $750 in South Africa, $3000 in Colombia, and $1000 in Ukraine) per dis

88 centage resided in the Middle East and north Africa (6.9%, 5.1-8.8).

89 In southern Africa, 63.8% (95% CI 58.9-68.1) of women with cervical

90 However, in some high-risk districts in Africa, a 95% coverage may be required.

91 r 100 000 population occurred in francophone Africa, a decrease of 45.3% since 1990.

92 al disorders in HIV-positive people in South Africa, adjusting for HIV treatment outcomes.

93 s estimated to cause 78,000 deaths a year in Africa alone.

94 ccounted for 50% of FQ-resistant TB in South Africa and 83% in Southeast Asia.

95 ction of 2% or greater, such as countries in Africa and Asia, the Pacific Islands, and parts of South

96 ty from the Mun-Ya-Wana Conservancy in South Africa and assessed the effects of top-down, bottom-up a

97 Australopithecus and later hominins in South Africa and contribute to the increasing evidence of loco

98 provide evidence of MARV circulation in West Africa and demonstrate the value of pathogen surveillanc

99 humans, including Levant-related ancestry in Africa and early agricultural Europe.

100 pecially important for countries in southern Africa and eastern Africa, where a substantial HIV-attri

101 The most affected regions were southern Africa and eastern Africa.

102 er 100 000 in six countries, all in southern Africa and eastern Africa.

103 describe ruhugu virus and rustrela virus in Africa and Europe, respectively, which are, to our knowl

104 omplicates one quarter of all pregnancies in Africa and frequently results in exposure of the fetus t

105 s reported from Djibouti City in the Horn of Africa and increasingly severe outbreaks have been repor

106 genetic data suggest populations sampled in Africa and India originate from a recent common source,

107 assess the burden of disease in francophone Africa and inform health professionals and their partner

108 mic in tropical regions of South America and Africa and it is estimated to cause 78,000 deaths a year

109 at the currently anticipated price in South Africa and Malawi.

110 tancy by 0.2 years for those tested in South Africa and Malawi.

111 Morocco is on the northwest coast of Africa and mostly lies north of the Sahara, which makes

112 rbon accumulation rates (except for northern Africa and northeast Asia).

113 orocline in western Europe and northwestern Africa and not by an hypothetical "Saharan Metacraton."

114 rus (CBSV), which has emerged in sub-Saharan Africa and now threatens regional food security, we illu

115 to N-enrichment was mapped to parts of North Africa and parts of the Middle East and India affecting

116 individuals suspected of having TB in South Africa and Peru.

117 idae, expanding the range of this group into Africa and providing data on the craniodental morphology

118 k, should this virus emerge from sub-Saharan Africa and South America.

119 s of coastal areas throughout Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia, emphasising the importance of

120 sk factors for COVID-19 death in sub-Saharan Africa and the effects of HIV and tuberculosis on COVID-

121 arasitic trematode is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, and colonized South America

122 te in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and North Africa and the Middle East.

123 PHIN-2, we recruited pregnant women in South Africa and Uganda aged at least 18 years, with untreated

124 and medium HIV prevalence settings in South Africa and Uganda, community-based delivery of ART signi

125 about the mode of evolution of H. sapiens in Africa and whether H. heidelbergensis/H. rhodesiensis wa

126 ngo; and B. gilchristii (n=2, 6%) from South Africa and Zimbabwe.

127 ive for cryptococcal meningitis treatment in Africa and, if made available widely, could substantiall

128 io (USD/year-of-life saved) was <$940 (South Africa) and <$750 (Malawi).

129 FujiLAM use added 3.5% (South Africa) and 4.7% (Malawi) to five-year healthcare costs

130 full range (Asia, Arabian Peninsula, Horn of Africa) and a set of spatial models that identify the en

131 molaena odorata (an invasive species in West Africa) and related these attributes to the abundance, h

132 We considered scenarios of stronger (South Africa) and weaker (Southeast Asia) correlation of fluor

133 n immigrants, 16.3% were born in Sub-Saharan Africa, and 12.6% were obese (BMI > = 30 kg/m(2)).

134 ulations revealing novel adaptations in East Africa, and abundant targets for functional follow-up.

135 nic HIV-1 infection in Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa, and Canada.

136 st and central Africa, Middle East and north Africa, and eastern Europe and central Asia.

137 All but one species are endemic to South Africa, and many to the Cape Floristic Region.

138 ities remained acute in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and North Africa and the Middle East.

139 d via bird migration to countries in Europe, Africa, and North America.

140 done at eight sites in Brazil, Malawi, South Africa, and the USA.

141 the alternative stable states hypothesis for Africa, and this result is corroborated by paleoecologic

142 Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV

143 Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionally affected by HIV infection a

144 Dynamics of fires in Africa are of critical importance for understanding chan

145 Many countries in Africa are stepping up their preparedness to detect and

146 s that measured post-operative trichiasis in Africa as an outcome of trichiasis surgery were included

147 hildhood immunisation should be sustained in Africa as much as possible, while considering other fact

148 eadbeateri are listed as Endangered in South Africa, as a result of habitat loss and persecution.

149 s that have undergone parallel radiations in Africa, Asia, and Madagascar.

150 ability with extinction vulnerability [4] in Africa, Asia, and New Guinea, where large-scale rubber c

151 of large trees (trees/ha) in forests across Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

152 omen living with HIV across four continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America).

153 sex, BCG-vaccination and stays >=3 months in Africa/Asia).

154 etic diversity in white Guinea yam from West Africa at phenotypic and molecular levels.

155 l regions; B. emzantsi (n=9, 26%) from South Africa; B. dermatitidis (n=1, 3%) from Democratic Republ

156 lleles rose to high frequency in sub-Saharan Africa because they conferred protection against pathoge

157 20 cases of blastomycosis diagnosed in South Africa between 1967 and 2014, with Blastomyces dermatiti

158 retroviral therapy (ART) in Cape Town, South Africa between Jan 1, 2004, to Dec 31, 2017.

159 within and between countries of sub-Saharan Africa but also, relative to the level of service provid

160 lades of Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 in East Africa, but not of human Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 in

161 uiding cancer control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa, but previous studies have been hampered by unkno

162 essful clinical trials conducted in Asia and Africa, but studies, using mainly European data, have sh

163 oughout South and Southeast Asia and Western Africa, causing tree mortality and severe yield losses.

164 common genetic variation private to southern Africa, central Africa, Oceania, and the Americas, but a

165 iving in northern African countries or South Africa compared with sub-Saharan Africa, in urban areas

166 ) and 1 upper-middle income countries (South Africa) completed online questionnaires containing valid

167 Synlestidae (Odonata: Zygoptera) of southern Africa comprise some highly localized species.

168 Africa contains some of the most vulnerable ecosystems t

169 nucleic acids from 9 clinical isolates from Africa deposited in global collections as B. dermatitidi

170 g-resistant TB cases in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, diagnosed in 2011-2014.

171 a is an important staple crop in sub-Saharan Africa, due to its high productivity even on nutrient po

172 ies settled in lowland areas of southeastern Africa during the second half of the first millennium AD

173 1 years) in rural Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, during 2011-2017.

174 lated areas such as the Indian subcontinent, Africa, East Asia, Europe and North America.

175 The West Africa Ebola outbreak was the largest outbreak ever reco

176 cost-effectiveness, and context (Asia versus Africa; emergency versus food-secure settings).

177 ontinent (Algeria and Libya) and the Horn of Africa (Ethiopia).

178 sease currently present in many countries of Africa, Europe, and Asia.

179 sly reported findings from southern and east Africa, extending their generalisability to urban settin

180 was a prospective cohort study set in South Africa following individuals living with HIV/TB up to 48

181 rocarbon measurements from Cape Point, South Africa for 2017, which represent the first published hig

182 Malawi and 21 other countries in sub-Saharan Africa for fast-tracking the end of their HIV epidemics.

183 assava is perhaps the most important crop in Africa for smallholder farmers.

184 0% to 40% lower (p = 0.007) than in Southern Africa for statistically similar exposure rates, demonst

185 s of UAS versus motorcycles in Liberia (west Africa) for transportation of laboratory samples under s

186 ce to pyrethroids and DDT across sub-Saharan Africa from 2005 to 2017, with mean mortality following

187 ials Network (HPTN) 068 study in rural South Africa from 2011 to 2017.

188 te women to 56% in Black women) and in South Africa (from 76% in mixed-race women to 59% in Black wom

189 Mothers from Sub-Saharan Africa had an increased risk of severe pre-eclampsia com

190 ariation predating the human diaspora out of Africa harbors a large fraction of the common variant at

191 Sub-Saharan Africa has a younger population, higher prevalence of el

192 The long-term success of cattle herding in Africa has been sustained by dynamic food systems, consu

193 ties in uptake of HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa has decreased, absolute inequalities have persist

194 The field of pacing in Africa has evolved in an uncoordinated way across the co

195 esearch on hominin/carnivore interactions in Africa has primarily revolved around the hunting or scav

196 The Ebola virus disease outbreak in west Africa has prompted significant progress in responding t

197 Only in Eastern Africa have poaching rates decreased substantially since

198 e phylogenetic studies of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa have shown that mobility-driven transmission freq

199 ldren with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa, hydroxyurea with dose escalation had superior cl

200 native of the Western Hemisphere, in western Africa in 2016 was rapidly followed by detections throug

201 ditional remedies are widely used throughout Africa in routine care for infants.

202 between genetic diversity and distance from Africa in the global dataset, but no relationship betwee

203 ates the existence of Calumma on continental Africa in the past.

204 hospitalized with severe anemia in areas of Africa in which malaria is endemic have a high risk of r

205 es or South Africa compared with sub-Saharan Africa, in urban areas compared with rural areas, in wom

206 ollowed by detections throughout sub-Saharan Africa, India, and most recently southeastern Asia.

207 Wellcome Trust and the DELTAS Africa Initiative.

208 girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa is a critical public health problem.

209 een FGS and menstrual hygiene initiatives in Africa is highlighted.

210 Southern Africa is home to diverse avian and mammalian fauna for

211 n with pneumonia in low-resource settings in Africa is lacking.

212 atory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Africa is poorly described.

213 urus Assemblage Zone (AZ; Karoo Basin, South Africa) is time equivalent with the marine Permian-Trias

214 ndigenous Zebu cattle breed from sub-Saharan Africa, is remarkably well adapted to harsh tropical env

215 South India and South East Asia (L1) or East Africa (L7).

216 The 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa led to accelerated efforts to develop vaccines ag

217 vel analyses of survey data from sub-Saharan Africa, linked with detailed geospatial information, fur

218 , and Thailand), China, and West and Central Africa, mainly due to high proportions of CRF01_AE and C

219 that ecological conditions in tropical West Africa make the fuelling prior to northward departure pr

220 Identifying factors driving LTL variation in Africa may have important ramifications for LTL-associat

221 in east and southeast Asia, west and central Africa, Middle East and north Africa, and eastern Europe

222 y of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in South Africa/Mozambique, British Columbia Centre of Excellence

223 ariation private to southern Africa, central Africa, Oceania, and the Americas, but an absence of suc

224 a substantial disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa, often in the context of human immunodeficiency v

225 longed civil war (1975-2002) in Southwestern Africa on forest and savannah mammals.

226 angiosperm generic diversity across tropical Africa, one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth.

227 sustaining routine childhood immunisation in Africa outweigh the excess risk of COVID-19 deaths assoc

228 t of implementing this intervention in South Africa over 20 years, simulating approximately 175 000 i

229 ed the spatio-temporal evolution of fires in Africa over 2001-2016 and identified the potential domin

230 nt human population structure in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly prior to the advent of food product

231 anderthal ancestry due to migrations back to Africa, predominately from ancestral Europeans, and gene

232 recently reported for P. robustus from South Africa, questioning the monophyly of this genus.

233 um and urine diagnostics in Malawi and South Africa (Rapid urine-based Screening for Tuberculosis to

234 for Health in Conflict-Middle East and North Africa region (R4HC-MENA).

235 aths worldwide, with the majority in the WHO Africa Region.

236 The population dynamics of South Africa's population of SRWs are characterized by two dis

237 ss some of the factors that currently stifle Africa's scientific development and our experience in im

238 ntervention" communities in Zambia and South Africa (SA), with a total population of approximately 60

239 ope with this burden of disease, francophone Africa should define its priorities and invest more reso

240 Public health strategies in Africa should include efforts to prevent, detect, and tr

241 tal reconstructions of the interior of South Africa show a wetter environment than today and a non-an

242 agascar, situated off the southeast coast of Africa, shows the first evidence of human presence ~ 10,

243 alaria-associated morbidity and mortality in Africa since the beginning of the century(1).

244 We also find that two specimens from South Africa, SK 96 (usually attributed to Paranthropus) and S

245 In other regions, Europe, boreal Asia, Africa, South Asia, and Oceania, it was difficult to det

246 This study presents an Africa-specific genotyping array, which enables investig

247 Smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) currently grow rainfed maize with limited i

248 ry winters (2015-2017) in southwestern South Africa (SSA) resulted in the Cape Town "Day Zero" drough

249 laria is heavily concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where cases and deaths associated with COVI

250 reductions in child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

251 elated Mortality in hospitalized Patients in Africa [STAMP] trial).

252 Francophone Africa still carries a high burden of communicable and n

253 unadjusted mortality was 9.3% lower in South Africa than Malawi, in adjusted models mortality was sim

254 Africa, the ancestral home of all modern humans, is the

255 e, the artificiality of the colonial maps of Africa, the contributions of multiple African empires an

256 In the Middle East and Africa, they are adapted to hot dry and semi-dry areas,

257 In sub-Saharan Africa, this increase amounts to a median excess of HIV

258 in stable transmission areas of sub-Saharan Africa, this project showed that innovative mixes of int

259 Native to southern Africa, this species has been extensively harvested for

260 infected provinces in China and directed to Africa to estimate the risk of importation per country.

261 o the contrary, there is a critical need for Africa to host COVID-19 vaccine trials on public health,

262 population-based surveys done in sub-Saharan Africa to quantify socioeconomic inequalities in uptake

263 hematical model of the HIV epidemic in South Africa to simulate CAB LA uptake by population groups wi

264 pardus in the Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa, to quantify the magnitude of individual dietary

265 batus) in the Mun-Ya-Wana Conservancy, South Africa, to test hypotheses related to spatial influences

266 ancing Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment for Africa trial were followed for 12 months.

267 t, with estimated CHB prevalence in Northern Africa typically 30% to 40% lower (p = 0.007) than in So

268 s: Brazil, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, and Zambia.

269 g-resistant (MDR)-TB assay (BD MAX) in South Africa, Uganda, India, and Peru.

270 prevalence of HBV infection and exposure in Africa, undertaking a systematic literature review in No

271 V (PLWH) and at-risk controls in Sub-Saharan Africa was evaluated.

272 , Bidens pilosa, known as Blackjack in South Africa, was investigated and compared to the leafy green

273 ing ART during pregnancy in Cape Town, South Africa, we compared women with elevated VL after initial

274 ring these results with data from equatorial Africa, we evaluated the potential influences of distinc

275 Over southern Africa, we find that a prominent isoprene hotspot is mis

276 spanning 32 protected areas across southern Africa, we find that intermediate-sized herbivores (100-

277 Central Asia, China, New Zealand, and South Africa were characterized at 6745 single nucleotide loci

278 rvices in the Western Cape province of South Africa were linked to identify pregnancies during 2007-2

279 acial groups (white and Asian women in South Africa), were excluded.

280 led trial, children from Guinea-Bissau, West Africa, were followed from inclusion (4-7 months of age)

281 ween HLA genetic diversity and distance from Africa when Native American populations were considered

282 aps predicting the possible locations across Africa where An. stephensi could establish if allowed to

283 alysed data from 16 countries in sub-Saharan Africa where at least one Demographic and Health Survey

284 early treatment, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa where HIV-1 subtype C predominates.

285 of presence within many urban cities across Africa where our estimates suggest that over 126 million

286 for countries in southern Africa and eastern Africa, where a substantial HIV-attributable cervical ca

287 challenges, including the nations of Central Africa, where efforts may necessitate establishing rapid

288 n public health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important ri

289 the inflamed ears of Zebu cattle in Eastern Africa, where it is associated with the disease bovine p

290 In Africa, where malaria burden is highest, bednets treated

291 ion and causes high mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, while drug resistance threatens current therapie

292 We infer an Africa-wide phylogeny that features widespread admixture

293 areas of stable transmission in sub-Saharan Africa with currently available tools remains a subject

294 s taken as evidence that VZV migrated out of Africa with human populations.

295 sustaining routine childhood immunisation in Africa with the risk of acquiring severe acute respirato

296 mbisa Clinical Research Site, Tembisa, South Africa), with pharmacokinetic visits done at VxPharma (P

297 troduced from the central region of southern Africa, with no genetic evidence for the recognition of

298 ldren with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa, with studies showing a reduced incidence of vaso

299 In South Africa, within-country migration is common.

300 malnutrition depending on location: western Africa would see a 37% increase in the prevalence of was