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1 conditions, similar to previous findings in Bacillus anthracis.
2 contribute to infections by bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis.
3 , including 5 strains of Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis.
4 Wip1, a tectivirus that infects the pathogen Bacillus anthracis.
5 ences the expression of virulence factors in Bacillus anthracis.
6 W rabbits exposed to aerosols of Ames strain Bacillus anthracis.
7 ion of spores of Bacillus species, including Bacillus anthracis.
8 not the same species as, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis.
9 thrax is caused by the sporulating bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
10 boxylic acid) (DPA), which is a biomarker of Bacillus anthracis.
11 assessment of potential therapeutics against Bacillus anthracis.
12 - and capsule-encoding virulence plasmids of Bacillus anthracis.
13 es, designated ltaS1 to -4, in the genome of Bacillus anthracis.
14 nases Bas2152 (PrkD) and Bas2037 (PrkG) from Bacillus anthracis.
15 om the human pathogen and bioterrorism agent Bacillus anthracis.
16 s expression of the major virulence genes of Bacillus anthracis.
17 a serine/threonine kinase (STK) expressed by Bacillus anthracis.
18 i, a spore forming nonpathogenic simulant of Bacillus anthracis.
19 sufficient to protect against infection with Bacillus anthracis.
20 ), serine/threonine kinase (BA-Stk1) pair in Bacillus anthracis.
21 by the Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
22 or the virulence of the pathogenic bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
23 haired HRS/J mice are extremely resistant to Bacillus anthracis.
24 x using recombinant protective Ag (rPA) from Bacillus anthracis.
25 ema toxins are critical virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis.
26 ulator of plasmid-encoded virulence genes in Bacillus anthracis.
27 n or putative polysaccharide deacetylases of Bacillus anthracis.
28 positive pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis.
29 y the spore-forming, gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
30 athogenic bacilli Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus anthracis.
31 ne and/or during disseminated infection with Bacillus anthracis.
32 ne responses of wild herbivore hosts against Bacillus anthracis.
33 agent of the disease anthrax is the spore of Bacillus anthracis.
34 i-phagocytic capsule conferring virulence on Bacillus anthracis.
35 elements (29 nt), a fluoride riboswitch from Bacillus anthracis(48 nt), and a frame-shifting element
36 racellular vesicles from the supernatants of Bacillus anthracis, a Gram-positive bacillus that is a p
40 uring advanced stages of inhalation anthrax, Bacillus anthracis accumulates at high levels in the blo
41 We also provide evidence that the S-layer of Bacillus anthracis acts as a molecular sieve that is chi
43 rmining the median lethal dose (LD50) of the Bacillus anthracis Ames strain in guinea pigs and invest
45 y diverse panel of inbred mice and spores of Bacillus anthracis Ames, we investigated host susceptibi
46 ema factor, is the major virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis, an agent that causes high mortality
47 toxin (LT) is a critical virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis and an important means by which this
50 o exhibit epitope diversity, and epitopes of Bacillus anthracis and Clostridium tetani toxins, as the
54 efficient transfer of ICEBs1 into and out of Bacillus anthracis and that cwlT was needed for ICEBs1 t
55 M by analyzing the nine-strain pan-genome of Bacillus anthracis and up to 62 strains of Escherichia c
58 tivity against MRSA, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus anthracis, and a vancomycin-resistant Enterococ
60 genes is presented from sequenced B. cereus, Bacillus anthracis, and Bacillus thuringiensis strains.
61 from the culture medium of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, and Bacillus thuringiensis when stra
62 res of the Bacillus cereus group (B. cereus, Bacillus anthracis, and Bacillus thuringiensis) are surr
63 ry sites of YpeB cleavage were identified in Bacillus anthracis, and it was shown that the stable pro
64 cterial species, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus anthracis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, studie
67 tor, and edema factor, the protein toxins of Bacillus anthracis , are among its most important virule
68 e of the pathogens Clostridium difficile and Bacillus anthracis, are uniquely stable cell forms, high
69 due to the pathogenic exotoxins produced by Bacillus anthracis as well as other virulence factors of
71 nsis (F. tularensis) subspecies novicida and Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis) Sterne, surrogates for
72 inations of polystyrene beads, gram-positive Bacillus anthracis, B. thuringiensis, and B. atrophaeus
73 simple method was developed for detection of Bacillus anthracis (BA) endospores and for differentiati
75 ally, primates infected with toxin-secreting Bacillus anthracis bacilli developed a rapid and marked
76 strains of the Bacillus cereus group, i.e., Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides,
77 analogues, bind dihydrofolate reductase from Bacillus anthracis (BaDHFR) with lower affinity than is
78 protein product of one such gene, MccF from Bacillus anthracis (BaMccF), is able to cleave intact an
81 uctures of BLIP-II alone and in complex with Bacillus anthracis Bla1 beta-lactamase revealed no signi
82 PB and HPB carrying ARGs in the manures were Bacillus anthracis, Bordetella pertussis, and B. anthrac
83 uccessfully implemented for the detection of Bacillus anthracis, botulinum B, and tularemia in comple
84 btilis and other Bacillus species, including Bacillus anthracis, bound rabbit IgM through an unconven
85 tive antibody (Ab)-mediated immunity against Bacillus anthracis but has limited efficacy and duration
87 ee binary bacterial toxins: anthrax toxin of Bacillus anthracis, C2 toxin of Clostridium botulinum, a
88 exes with different classes of inhibitors of Bacillus anthracis, Campylobacter jejuni, and Clostridiu
90 potential biological warfare agents, such as Bacillus anthracis, causal agent of anthrax in humans an
92 er, these methods rely on recovery of viable Bacillus anthracis cells from swabs of cutaneous lesions
94 ystal structure at 2.10 A resolution for the Bacillus anthracis coenzyme A-disulfide reductase isofor
95 Germination is a key step for successful Bacillus anthracis colonization and systemic disseminati
97 toxin (LT) is an A-B type toxin secreted by Bacillus anthracis, consisting of the cellular binding m
108 e active in vitro against bacterial forms of Bacillus anthracis encountered in vivo, as well as in vi
110 solution that the active form of DAPDC from Bacillus anthracis, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium tube
112 hal concentrations of the anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, for grazing animals in a natural sys
114 or off-label broad-spectrum efficacy against Bacillus anthracis; Francisella tularensis; Coxiella bur
116 anthrax by facilitating the dissemination of Bacillus anthracis from the lung in early disease and pr
123 m the secondary cell wall polysaccharides of Bacillus anthracis, has been chemically synthesized.
124 of Staphylococcus aureus and petrobactin of Bacillus anthracis hold considerable potential as a sing
125 nce identity with anthrax lethal factor from Bacillus anthracis; however, we have shown that the toxi
126 have determined three crystal structures of Bacillus anthracis IMPDH, in a phosphate ion-bound (term
127 T cells that recognize the protective Ag of Bacillus anthracis in both anthrax vaccine-adsorbed vacc
129 B. subtilis vesicles, but also vesicles from Bacillus anthracis, indicating a mechanism that crossed
130 termine if Nod1/Nod2 are involved in sensing Bacillus anthracis infection and eliciting protective im
131 t observations derived from animal models of Bacillus anthracis infection are inconsistent with aspec
132 ly shown to have increased susceptibility to Bacillus anthracis infection relative to wild-type anima
133 pears to be important in the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis infection, but its causes are unclear
134 estigated the effect of alpha-GalCer against Bacillus anthracis infection, the agent of anthrax.
135 he most prevalent form of naturally acquired Bacillus anthracis infection, which is associated with e
144 The lethal factor (LF) enzyme secreted by Bacillus anthracis is a zinc hydrolase that is chiefly r
147 amma-glutamic acid (PGA) capsule produced by Bacillus anthracis is composed entirely of d-isomer glut
151 r illustrated by the demonstration that once Bacillus anthracis is engineered to express high levels
158 ne of the two essential virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis is the poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid (ga
160 AtxA, the master virulence gene regulator of Bacillus anthracis, is a PRD-Containing Virulence Regula
161 ction of cytokine responses and induction of Bacillus anthracis lethal factor (LF)-specific adaptive
164 inflammasome was identified as the sensor of Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (LT) in mouse macrophage
165 ation of NLRP1 by various stimuli, including Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin, Toxoplasma gondii, mura
167 immune response to other virulence factors (Bacillus anthracis LF and EF) than HLA-homozygous subjec
168 ral important rod-shaped pathogens including Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Clostrid
169 Here we report the crystal structures of Bacillus anthracis NadD in complex with three NadD inhib
170 m-negative, including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Neisseria
171 of the manganese-tyrosyl radical cofactor of Bacillus anthracis NrdF and the redox properties of B. a
172 ylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus anthracis, on samples similar to those in real-
173 occus aureus, as well as Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis, organisms of biodefense interest.
178 x stems from the shielding properties of the Bacillus anthracis poly-gamma-d-glutamic acid capsule.
180 The etiologic agent of inhalational anthrax, Bacillus anthracis, produces virulence toxins that are i
181 ted that a linear determinant in domain 2 of Bacillus anthracis protective Ag (PA) is a potentially i
182 have shown that intranasal coapplication of Bacillus anthracis protective Ag (PA) together with a B.
183 tion between the human CMG2 receptor and the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) is essential
185 y using Lactobacillus acidophilus to deliver Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) via specific
186 idually disease enhancing or neutralizing to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA), a component
188 sent study, using a plasmid that encodes the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA63) gene fragme
189 diverse GC responses to two complex antigens-Bacillus anthracis protective antigen and influenza hema
192 we generated IgG2a and IgG2b variants of the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen-binding IgG1 monoc
193 in (Atx), a key virulence factor secreted by Bacillus anthracis, provides a robust biophysical model
194 , or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in Bacillus anthracis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococc
195 mini-pXO1 plasmid containing a replicon from Bacillus anthracis pXO1 (181.6 kb) was identified by mak
198 toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus anthracis represents a particularly challenging
203 ctrochemical genosensor for the detection of Bacillus anthracis, specific towards the regulatory gene
209 omponent of complement, and a portion of the Bacillus anthracis spore surface protein BclA, all of wh
216 the interaction between macrophage cells and Bacillus anthracis spores is of significant importance w
219 tional anthrax, a disease caused by inhaling Bacillus anthracis spores, leads to respiratory distress
223 , we demonstrate that PHB deficiency impairs Bacillus anthracis sporulation through diminishing the e
224 ied as a novel low-molecular weight thiol in Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, and several o
225 tors of several bacterial toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium p
233 harbors S-layer genes, including homologs of Bacillus anthracis surface array protein (Sap), extracta
234 (ET) is one of two binary toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis that contributes to the virulence of
235 for the development of improved vaccines for Bacillus anthracis that increase not only neutralizing A
236 ) is a protease virulence factor produced by Bacillus anthracis that is required for its pathogenicit
238 the events associated with the emergence of Bacillus anthracis the causative agent of anthrax-a leth
241 e culture, shows significant activity toward Bacillus anthracis, the bacterial pathogen responsible f
242 irus, the etiological agent of smallpox, and Bacillus anthracis, the bacterial pathogen responsible f
247 we discover that the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, does
258 We report the 1.40 A structure of a P4H from Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, whos
259 ific bactericidal activity toward strains of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax.
260 derophore, is required for full virulence of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax.
261 ria that has hitherto not been identified in Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax.
262 activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax.
263 operties of metallo-beta-lactamase Bla2 from Bacillus anthracis, the enzyme was overexpressed, purifi
264 sterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) secreted by Bacillus anthracis, the etiologic agent for anthrax.
266 ysis of a systemic bacterial infection using Bacillus anthracis, the etiological agent of anthrax dis
267 Here, we report that the peptidoglycan of Bacillus anthracis, the etiological agent of anthrax, is
274 se anthrax lethal factor (LF) is secreted by Bacillus anthracis to promote disease virulence through
275 , GrlA(E85A), GrlA(S81F/E85A) and GrlA(S81F) Bacillus anthracis topoisomerase IV, their sensitivity t
276 macrophages, the lethal factor component of Bacillus anthracis toxin binds to a carrier protein (PA)
277 dies (MAbs) have been reported for the other Bacillus anthracis toxin components, but relatively few
278 that HNP-1 to HNP-3 inhibit lethal toxin of Bacillus anthracis, toxin B of Clostridium difficile, di
280 bs) are potential therapeutic agents against Bacillus anthracis toxins, since there is no current tre
282 h under iron limitation, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis, two human pathogens from the Bacillu
286 es were considered the primary target of the Bacillus anthracis virulence factor lethal toxin because
289 s of its target, the protective antigen from Bacillus anthracis We show how rational design based on
290 Using virulent and nonvirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis, we have shown that secretion of ATP
291 a potential role for NK cells in immunity to Bacillus anthracis, we utilized primary human and murine
292 the CcpA homologues of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus anthracis were not affected by the Stk1 ortholo
293 bioterrorism agents like Yersinia pestis and Bacillus anthracis which feature on the Center for Disea
294 is initiated by endospores of the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which are introduced into the lung.
295 threatening disease caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis, which expresses lethal factor and th
296 premature termination of hasA translation in Bacillus anthracis, which is known to escape phagocytic
297 known to confer ciprofloxacin resistance in Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, and Francisella tul
298 er water or nucleic acids from BT organisms (Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularen
300 elease of bacterial biothreat agents such as Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, or Burkholderia pse