ライフサイエンスコーパス: DALY

1 DALY effects positively correlated with moderate and sev

2 DALY rates for ischaemic heart disease were greater in u

3 DALY rates in rural areas were at least twice those of u

4 DALY risk factors varied by age, with child and maternal

5 DALYs averted would increase by 14.9% with access to new

6 DALYs averted would increase by 44.2% if an HbA(1c) of 8

7 DALYs for the various device/voltage combinations were l

8 DALYs were half of those globally (55.7 per 100 000 [49.

9 ated population experienced a burden of 40.0 DALYs (95% CI 29.5-52.0) per 1000 population per year fr

10 ised as other NCDs (28.8 million [25.1-33.0] DALYs, 19.1%).

11 In 2017, cancer caused 3,204,000 DALYs.

12 would avert 240,000 (95% UI 65,000-530,000) DALYs across their lifetime (i.e., followed from 2015 th

13 han the HTI of coal electricity (0.016-0.024 DALY/GWh versus 0.69-1.7 DALY/GWh).

14 was beneficial, the median benefit was 28.1 DALYs averted per 10 000 children receiving MNPs (IQR 20

15 Globally, 1.5 million (95% CI 0.9-2.1) DALYs per year were lost due to HCV-associated cardiovas

16 rsally achieved, insulin would avert 331 101 DALYs per year by 2030 (95% CI 256 601-437 053).

17 result in an estimated health burden of 112 DALYs, and ED would lead to a reduction of 15 DALYs in e

18 ter treatment would avert an additional 1179 DALYs (-1769 to 4377) over 10 years at an expected addit

19 per amount of coal power generation (5-1300 DALY TWh(-1)).

20 ALYs, and ED would lead to a reduction of 15 DALYs in excess of SC.

21 (95% CI -57 266 to 97 790) and averting 176 DALYs (133 to 226), leading to a cost of -$98 (-497 to 3

22 Between 1990 and 2017, DALYs and age-standardized DALY rates significantly decl

23 imated to avert 15 cases, 12 deaths, and 243 DALYs per 1000 vaccinated girls, and the nonavalent HPV

24 12 months of secondary IPT would avert 2472 DALYs (95% UI -888 to 7801) over a 10-year period and is

25 would avert ~267,000 deaths a cost of $14.26/DALY averted (95% UI: 8.72-27.08).

26 lation) and central sub-Saharan Africa (2988 DALYs per 100 000) followed by the other sub-Saharan Afr

27 2017, resulting in 22.9 million (21.5-24.3) DALYs (15.1% of the total NCD burden), after the group o

28 1.1-2.7) deaths and 60.9 million (34.6-93.3) DALYs in 2017, with the burden overwhelmingly experience

29 d congenital heart anomaly burden (1629/3049 DALYs per 100 000) was attributed to behavioral or metab

30 imated to avert 19 cases, 14 deaths, and 306 DALYs per 1000 vaccinated girls.

31 .5 impacts from rail transport emissions (32 DALYs).

32 ere estimated to induce a total burden of 33 DALYs, dominated by PM2.5 impacts from rail transport em

33 ble NCD burden were highest in Oceania (3564 DALYs per 100 000 of the population) and central sub-Sah

34 .5) deaths and 3.3 million (95% UI: 3.1-3.4) DALYs globally.

35 h-income countries (0.09 million [0.01-0.40] DALYs).

36 lts cost $310-$1666/case averted ($731-$4017/DALY averted) in Honduras, saved $953-$1703/case averted

37 al [UI], 43-419) and 1976 (95% UI, 757-4067) DALYs, respectively.

38 edestrians (health loss of between 34 and 41 DALYs per 100 000 population).

39 ildren cost $718-$1849/case averted (<=$5002/DALY averted) in Honduras, saved $819-$1609/case averted

40 d congenital heart anomaly burden (4439/5199 DALYs) in high-income countries.

41 2017, francophone Africa experienced 53 570 DALYs (50 164-57 361) per 100 000 population, distribute

42 5964 DALYs (27 per 1000 individuals) were lost due to hip fra

43 neonatal, and nutritional diseases (26 491.6 DALYs [25 165.2-28 129.8]).

44 4150 (69.6%) DALYs were attributed to disability.

45 or nonhealthcare water systems with a 10(-6) DALY pppy target (the more conservative target) would re

46 ative guideline for drinking water of 10(-6) DALYs per person per year.

47 ricity (0.016-0.024 DALY/GWh versus 0.69-1.7 DALY/GWh).

48 00 population) due to NCDs in 2017 (21 757.7 DALYs [95% UI 19 377.1-24 380.7]) was almost equivalent

49 rate of age-related burden ranged from 137.8 DALYs (128.9-148.3) per 1000 adults in high SDI countrie

50 and lowest in Australia and New Zealand (803 DALYs per 100 000) followed by other high-income regions

51 uld avert ~45,000 deaths, at a cost of $2.84/DALY (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 1.71-5.57) averted.

52 uld avert ~186,000 deaths at a cost of $4.89/DALY averted (95% UI: 2.88-11.42), MDA to all under-5 ch

53 l cohort of 1000 pregnant women, averted 892 DALYs (95% credibility interval 274 to 1517) at an incre

54 r 1000 adults in high SDI countries to 265.9 DALYs (251.0-280.1) in low SDI countries.

55 rent treatment levels, which lowered to 32.9 DALYs (24.4-44.7) under WHO PEN implementation and to 32

56 e countries (LMICs; 60.8 million [34.6-92.9] DALYs) compared with high-income countries (0.09 million

57 to bring population health benefits (10 990 DALYs averted per year) and to be cost-saving (by $2.9 m

58 ion had clinical disease, corresponding to a DALY burden of 5.25 million.

59 ion had clinical disease, corresponding to a DALY burden of 5.25 million.

60 t associated with age-standardised death and DALY rates in 2015.

61 dardised rates for the incidence, deaths and DALY were 4.9 (95% UI: 4.7-5.1), 1.7 (95% UI: 1.6-1.8) a

62 Data were reported as total, mean, and DALY per 100 000 individuals.

63 , whereas the age-standardised mortality and DALY rates decreased by 44.3% (41.1-48.9) and 48.1% (44.

64 pidly climbed, with age-standardised YLL and DALY rates increasing more than 130% by 2013.

65 (0.45-0.89) to 0.87 million (0.61-1.18); and DALYs from 31.7 million (30.2-33.3) to 42.5 million (39.

66 would reduce deaths by 12.1% (9.1-15.5) and DALYs by 12.6% (9.4-16.3).

67 enario, we projected health system costs and DALYs averted with respect to the current status quo of

68 Direct health-care costs and DALYs were estimated for coronary heart disease, stroke,

69 disease were the leading causes of death and DALYs at the national level in China in 2017.

70 About three quarters of deaths and DALYs occurred in rural areas.

71 four risk factors contributing to deaths and DALYs.

72 ty was estimated first and the incidence and DALYs were calculated based on the estimated mortality v

73 The pace of reduction in mortality and DALYs in many leading causes has largely levelled off si

74 ulin, international units (IU) required, and DALYs averted per year under alternative treatment algor

75 ty technologies, and (4) the lives saved and DALYs averted if all cars had these technologies.

76 ntraumatic OHCA is a leading cause of annual DALY in the US and should be a focus of public health po

77 We evaluated attributable DALYs for 17 risk factors (air pollution and environment

78 t per disability-adjusted life-year averted (DALY).

79 % confidence), with a median of - 11 avoided DALYs.

80 t of ED ranged from - 138 to + 1,326 avoided DALYs (90% confidence), with a median of - 11 avoided DA

81 uming 100% coverage, produced a net benefit (DALYs averted) in 54 countries (24 in Africa, 19 in Asia

82 0 years or older at recruitment to calculate DALYs.

83 The cohort's calculated DALY were extrapolated to a national level to estimate t

84 HCV prevalence estimates and cardiovascular DALYs for 100 countries to estimate country-level burden

85 -thirds of all HCV-associated cardiovascular DALYs.

86 tal deaths and 10.0% (9.5-10.5) of all-cause DALYs in China.

87 We compared DALYs due to cutaneous leishmaniasis for 152 countries u

88 concentrations with a per-exposure-corrected DALY target at each conventional fixture would be 1.06 x

89 Although crude DALY rates for all NCDs have decreased slightly across s

90 million cases of diarrhea, 109000 diarrheal DALYs, and 1560 deaths each year.

91 d of US$500 per DALY averted, and discounted DALYs and costs at 3% per year.

92 ntal cost per averted cardiovascular disease DALY (calculated using the incremental cost-effectivenes

93 24.3% atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease DALYs averted).

94 er of total avertable cardiovascular disease DALYs in the eligible population.

95 We estimated DALYs for 195 countries divided into 21 world regions, i

96 All provinces had higher than expected DALYs per 100 000 population for liver cancer, with the

97 ld with a neural tube defect incurs an extra DALY per year for the remainder of the time horizon and

98 1.1) fewer deaths and 17.0% (5.7-29.2) fewer DALYs.

99 2) fewer deaths, and 29.1% (13.5-39.8) fewer DALYs.

100 cohol misuse was the highest risk factor for DALYs (7.0% overall, 10.5% for males, and 2.7% for femal

101 Unsafe sex as a risk factor for DALYs increased from the 13th rank to the second for bot

102 nd diarrhoea, reducing the benefits seen for DALYs.

103 Around a third of global DALYs attributable to mental, neurological, and substanc

104 seases were the 18th leading cause of global DALYs in Global Burden of Disease 2013.

105 6% of total global deaths and 4.2% of global DALYs, 59% of these in east and south Asia.

106 .3), and east Asia (56.5), with the greatest DALY burdens in children, adolescents, and the elderly.

107 other causes of ill health because of higher DALYs for this condition.

108 haran Africa, and south Asia had the highest DALYs from cutaneous leishmaniasis.

109 f China experienced a substantial decline in DALY rates from all injuries ranging from 16.3% (3.1-28.

110 o fetal losses was included and decreases in DALYs when comprehensive CT prevention measures were con

111 ase in deaths averted, and a 72% increase in DALYs averted per 1000 vaccinated girls for both the biv

112 3.5 billion in 2015, with a 64% increase in DALYs due to oral conditions throughout the world.

113 to the global burden of disease measured in DALYs from 306 diseases and injuries in 2013.

114 (95% CI 1827 to 9448) and 107.4 incremental DALYs averted (-719.7 to 904.1) per 1000 women; the aver

115 e-times variation in age-standardised injury DALY rates between provinces of China, with the lowest v

116 ty estimates to calculate global melioidosis DALYs.

117 Globally, we quantified 130 million DALYs from NCDs attributable to infection, comprising 8.

118 could equate to annual savings of 3 million DALYs or $105 billion.

119 ere about 9.7 million deaths and 486 million DALYs in India.

120 CV infection was responsible for 1.5 million DALYs, with the highest burden in low-income and middle-

121 all developed countries combined (50 million DALYs).

122 global burden of melioidosis was 4.6 million DALYs (UI 3.2-6.6) or 84.3 per 100 000 people (57.5-120.

123 gastric cancer due to H pylori (14.6 million DALYs), cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due t

124 rs were found in China and India (66 million DALYs), a number greater than all developed countries co

125 ing 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) death

126 ing 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) death

127 of 4.1 million (1.6 million to 6.8 million) DALYs from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2015

128 More DALYs might be averted if HbA(1c) targets are higher for

129 op 15 conditions that accounted for the most DALYs were mostly those causing mortality (ischaemic hea

130 More than a third of national DALYs arose from communicable, maternal, perinatal, and

131 ble to infection, comprising 8.4% of all NCD DALYs.

132 l population burden of disease of 16 735 net DALYs per year for a country with an adult population si

133 Mean percent change of DALY rate from 1990 to 2015 was less than 8% in all worl

134 The annual number of DALY because of adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OH

135 tivity analyses to examine the robustness of DALY estimates.

136 r proportion of the disease burden (75.0% of DALYs).

137 timates suggesting 21.2% of YLDs and 7.1% of DALYs.

138 to 2013 and accounted for more than 3.1% of DALYs.

139 Scabies was responsible for 0.21% of DALYs from all conditions studied by GBD 2015 worldwide.

140 Injuries caused 11.4% of DALYs nationally.

141 th other developing countries (around 50% of DALYs attributable to non-communicable disease), whereas

142 resembled developed countries (around 80% of DALYs attributable to non-communicable disease).

143 s highest in Qatar and accounted for 4.9% of DALYs, followed by 4.8% in the United Arab Emirates, whe

144 actors accounted for 34.5% (32.4 to 36.9) of DALYs; the two leading behavioural risk factors were unh

145 denced by the almost complete attribution of DALYs to YLLs.

146 outh Asia (69.41) had the greatest burden of DALYs from scabies.

147 , childhood wasting was the leading cause of DALYs in Afghanistan, Somalia, and Yemen, whereas unsafe

148 cable risk factors were the leading cause of DALYs in high-income and middle-income countries in the

149 In 2013, the leading five causes of DALYs were diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, chronic ki

150 in Aguascalientes to 14.9% in Chihuahua) of DALYs in Mexico for young people aged 20-24 years.

151 In 2017, YLLs constituted the majority of DALYs in the 21 countries of francophone Africa.

152 The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching

153 The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reach

154 The greatest number of DALYs is predicted to be averted with use of a policy in

155 The proportion of DALYs attributed to high body-mass index increased from

156 -adjusted life-years (DALYs) by quintiles of DALYs annual increase from 1990 to 2013 to show rates of

157 increase from 1990 to 2013 to show rates of DALYs increase by burden.

158 ascular and circulatory diseases in terms of DALYs.

159 l services-treated OHCA, and to compare OHCA DALY to other leading causes of death and disability in

160 The rate of OHCA DALY were 1347 per 100 000 population, which ranked thir

161 e population attributable fractions based on DALYs for specific risk factors.

162 ccinated to prevent a single case, death, or DALY.

163 mental cost-effectiveness ratio of $1003 per DALY averted.

164 erculosis ($156 per DALY), malaria ($125 per DALY), and pneumonia ($33 per DALY).

165 DALY), compared with tuberculosis ($156 per DALY), malaria ($125 per DALY), and pneumonia ($33 per D

166 accompanying improvements to care ($1760 per DALY averted).

167 t an expected additional cost of US$18.2 per DALY averted.

168 esulting in an ICER of $25 (-151 to 224) per DALY averted.

169 months and $2842.79 (-28.67 to 5714.24) per DALY averted over a 10-year period.

170 fectiveness ratio (ICER) of $8 (2 to 29) per DALY averted.

171 egy costs US$1,843 (95% CI 1,328-14,312) per DALY averted during this period and that effective geogr

172 aria ($125 per DALY), and pneumonia ($33 per DALY).

173 l horizon was Int$168 (95% UI 55 to 337) per DALY averted in China, $154 (57 to 289) in India, $88 (1

174 leading to a cost of -$98 (-497 to 395) per DALY averted.

175 d scenario B resulted in an ICER of $411 per DALY averted.

176 gross domestic product per capita ($487) per DALY averted, and remain robust over a wide range of epi

177 a cost effectiveness threshold of US$500 per DALY averted, and discounted DALYs and costs at 3% per y

178 ountries assuming a WTP of at least $500 per DALY averted, in 51 with assumed WTP values of at least

179 a cost-effectiveness threshold of US$500 per DALY averted.

180 ental cost-effectiveness ratio of US$509 per DALY averted.

181 emental cost-effectiveness ratio was $53 per DALY averted.

182 cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $540 per DALY averted, $645 per life-year saved, and $511 per QAL

183 ving of US$24 902 (95% CI 14 666-62 579) per DALY averted compared with a saving of $17 587 (1840-42

184 , scenario A resulted in an ICER of $582 per DALY averted and scenario B resulted in an ICER of $411

185 d the greatest relative investment ($772 per DALY), compared with tuberculosis ($156 per DALY), malar

186 $197 (90% model variability -27 to 863) per DALY averted; results remained cost-effective when varyi

187 d the least relative investment (both $9 per DALY).

188 value of at least 50% of GDP per capita per DALY averted, and in 49 assuming a minimum of 100%.

189 gross domestic product (GDP) per capita per DALY averted, at a vaccine price of $1.50 per dose (but

190 io with low hospitalisation levels (cost per DALY averted $690, 143 to 1379), although the CIMIC prog

191 re costs were modelled to determine cost per DALY averted (US$).

192 o with high hospitalisation levels (cost per DALY averted -$512, 95% CI -872 to -115) but with a high

193 Cost-effectiveness was presented as cost per DALY averted and death averted, with probabilistic sensi

194 ts are presented as the incremental cost per DALY averted and the likelihood that an intervention is

195 We predicted that the incremental cost per DALY averted of continuing PCV would be $153 (95% PI 70-

196 rget blood pressure at 6 months and cost per DALY averted over 10 years.

197 Societal cost per DALY averted was $10, and the cost per rotavirus case av

198 ng MNPs (IQR 20.6-40.4), and median cost per DALY averted was $3576 (IQR 2474-4918).

199 outcome measure was the incremental cost per DALY averted.

200 .043 per 1000 to cost 0.5 per capita GDP per DALY.

201 as a direct result of oral diseases is rare, DALY estimates were based on years lived with disability

202 Suboptimal coverage markedly reduced DALYs averted and cost-effectiveness.

203 uld produce modest health benefits, reducing DALYs from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among

204 Using a standard DALY framework to compare health outcomes from a public

205 perienced a decrease in the age-standardised DALY and mortality rates due to injury, despite an incre

206 tion growth and ageing, the age-standardised DALY rate (per 100 000 population) due to NCDs in 2017 (

207 ound between each country's age-standardised DALY rate and their corresponding SDI.

208 Age-standardised DALY rates for drowning; injuries from fire, heat and ho

209 world regions of east Asia (age-standardised DALYs 136.32), southeast Asia (134.57), Oceania (120.34)

210 bies burden were Indonesia (age-standardised DALYs 153.86), China (138.25), Timor-Leste (136.67), Van

211 gest standard deviations of age-standardised DALYs between the 20 age groups were observed in southea

212 1990 to 2017, and compared age-standardised DALYs due to injuries at the provincial level against th

213 Age-standardised DALYs per 100 000 population decreased by 33.1% (95% unc

214 The all-cause age-standardised DALYs per 100 000 population were lower than expected in

215 me time period, the rate of age-standardised DALYs was reduced overall by 19.8% (17.9 to 22.0).

216 from 66.0 to 66.3, ASDR and age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 17.1 to 16.5 and 532.9 to 510.7

217 ized death rate (ASDR), and age-standardized DALY rate increased for LC from 11.1 to 11.8, 10.1 to 10

218 en 1990 and 2017, DALYs and age-standardized DALY rates significantly declined (-3.4% and -33%, respe

219 rce cut-points, and change in health status (DALYs).

220 The DALY for the study population were 1 194 993 (years of l

221 Our objective was to estimate the DALY after adult nontraumatic, emergency medical service

222 Methods and Results The DALY were calculated as the sum of years of life lost an

223 the highest amount of investment relative to DALY burden.

224 the second and third largest contributors to DALYs.

225 The estimated total DALY following adult nontraumatic emergency medical serv

226 All-age total DALYs due to NCDs increased by 67.0% between 1990 (90.6

227 cting an increase in the proportion of total DALYs attributable to NCDs (from 18.6% [95% UI 17.1-20.4

228 ubcutaneous diseases composed 0.12% of total DALYs.

229 ounted for 98.9% (UI 97.7-99.5) of the total DALYs, and years lived with disability accounted for 1.1

230 ted to a national level to estimate total US DALY.

231 f disease due to incident hip fracture using DALYs in prospective cohorts in the CHANCES consortium,

232 documents of less than 1000 CFU per L, while DALY-based guidance suggests lower critical concentratio

233 For women, DALY rates from breast cancer also increased since 1990,

234 , US$166) per Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) averted, PMI-funded interventions are highly cost-

235 of the dengue disability-adjusted life year (DALY) burden estimates.

236 ncidence, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) estimates of oral conditions for the period of 199

237 the costs per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted and associated 95% prediction intervals (P

238 of US$500 per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted for our main analysis.

239 st US$200 per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted, or assuming a WTP value of at least 25% o

240 of US$500 per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted.

241 uct (GDP) per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted.

242 were cost per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted; cost per life-year saved; and cost per qu

243 Disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) changes between 1990 and 2013 were decomposed to q

244 d ($790-$4221/disability-adjusted life-year [DALY] averted) in Honduras, and saved $847-$1644/case av

245 er capita per disability-adjusted life-year [DALY]).

246 Background Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) are a common public health metric used to consiste

247 0.025 to 6.6 disability-adjusted life years (DALY) per million dollar of final economic demand.

248 in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and identify data gaps.

249 l trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significant

250 M2.5), using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) as a common metric.

251 ortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with kidney cancer in 195 countries, f

252 he number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted by a hydrocelectomy and identified the co

253 r estimating disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease Study; and heal

254 rtality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in China estimated using DisMod-MR 2.1.

255 by computing disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to exposure to secondhand vapor.

256 n deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost if eight proven vehicle safety technologies

257 , mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and years lived with disability (YLD) from 1990

258 ing per 2017 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), HIV/AIDS received the greatest relative investme

259 Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability, and years of life l

260 le number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

261 le number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

262 ACEs and the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and financial costs associated with ACEs.

263 Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) are a sum of the years lived with disability and

264 e calculated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) arising from stillbirths, neonatal death, low bir

265 all cost and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with annual follow-up examinations and

266 roke-related disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with potentially modifiable environmen

267 losses, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to physical inactivity were estimate

268 aseline) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted (at 10 years from baseline).

269 ulin use and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted by insulin use, given that current access

270 , deaths, or disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted per 1000 vaccinated girls in comparison w

271 me was total disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted through treatment of all cardiovascular d

272 deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted were calculated over a 15 year time horiz

273 ular disease disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted.

274 quantiles of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by quintiles of DALYs annual increase from 1990 t

275 e calculated disability adjusted life-years (DALYs) for each policy, assuming that a woman having a c

276 Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for fetal loss or neonatal death, low birthweight

277 to calculate disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for these causes in eight age groups covering rur

278 fraction and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from HCV-associated cardiovascular disease at the

279 5.1 million) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2015, representing 7.6% of total global deaths

280 ve estimated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost due to hip fractures using real-life follow-

281 s the sum of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of these diseases among adults.

282 s of 420-826 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population.

283 rtality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) related to chronic liver disease (primary liver c

284 We used disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) to measure the negative health outcomes associate

285 ing cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) was ischaemic heart disease for males and lower r

286 Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost

287 Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of YLLs and YLDs.

288 expressed in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), for 2015.

289 ability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), for cancer overall and 30 cancer sites using dat

290 sed rates of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), for geographical regions as defined by the GBD.

291 and 13.0% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), instead of the earlier estimates suggesting 21.2

292 lity (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy (HA

293 lity (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), summary exposure values (SEVs), and attributable

294 measured by disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), were estimated from 2000 to 2017 using exposure

295 try-specific disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of

296 ce of cases, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years lived with disability, and years of life l

297 in terms of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs)-with crude counts as well as all-age and age-stan

298 quivalent to disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).

299 tion risk vs disability adjusted life years [DALY] on a per-exposure or annual basis), and fixture ty

300 th outcomes (disability-adjusted life-years [DALYs] due to communicable, maternal, and nutritional di