ライフサイエンスコーパス: E. histolytica

1 E. histolytica displays a relatively low level of nucleo

2 E. histolytica encodes a homolog of the human cytokine m

3 E. histolytica genes (and probably G. lamblia genes) enc

4 E. histolytica has been listed by the National Institute

5 E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS is a virulent strain, E. histol

6 E. histolytica infection appears to involve the initial

7 E. histolytica infection generally does not cause sympto

8 E. histolytica infection was established in human intest

9 E. histolytica infection was prevalent in this populatio

10 E. histolytica makes an unusual truncated N-glycan precu

11 E. histolytica may block the host inflammatory response

12 E. histolytica nuclear proteins exhibited sequence-speci

13 E. histolytica produces pore-forming proteins and protei

14 E. histolytica trophozoites colonize the colon, where th

15 y peaks were of higher amplitude following a E. histolytica infection compared to E. dispar (P = 0.01

16 Man(5)GlcNAc(2), which is the most abundant E. histolytica N-glycan, is aggregated into caps on the

17 for rheumatoid arthritis, as active against E. histolytica in culture.

18 optotic cells, monoclonal antibodies against E. histolytica membrane antigens were screened for inhib

19 hat colonic goblet-like cells defend against E. histolytica infections by hypersecreting mucus and pr

20 Auranofin was ten times more potent against E. histolytica than metronidazole.

21 sized that the Q223 allele protected against E. histolytica via STAT3-mediated transcription of genes

22 icted immune responses in protection against E. histolytica infection.

23 to determine if calreticulin functions as an E. histolytica C1q receptor during phagocytosis of host

24 st one-hybrid screen was used to identify an E. histolytica cDNA encoding a protein (URE3-BP) that re

25 ment of amebic liver abscess formation in an E. histolytica infected hamster model.

26 silence multiple amebic genes, including an E. histolytica Myb gene, which is upregulated during oxi

27 Recently, a segment of an E. histolytica gene was identified that encoded a protei

28 nd the mechanism of phagocytosis, we used an E. histolytica Affymetrix microarray chip to measure the

29 We used an E. histolytica DNA microarray consisting of 2,110 genes

30 (49%), Clostridium acetobutylicum (44%), and E. histolytica (43%) and lesser identities to the class

31 we named E. histolytica ILWEQ (EhILWEQ) and E. histolytica BAR (EhBAR), were chosen for localization

32 fections between hookworm, P. falciparum and E. histolytica/dispar, were assessed using multivariable

33 f infection with P. falciparum, hookworm and E. histolytica/dispar, as well as co-infection with each

34 dispar, and 14 with both G. intestinalis and E. histolytica and/or E. dispar.

35 f host cell engulfment, or phagocytosis, and E. histolytica phagocytosis alters amebic gene expressio

36 ated with a reduced virulence phenotype, and E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS trophozoites infecting human in

37 M-1:IMSS, the prototype virulent strain, and E. histolytica Rahman, a strain that was reportedly less

38 om amebiasis is associated with mucosal anti-E. histolytica Gal/GalNAc lectin antibodies, suggesting

39 Nine of 12 (75%) people with anti-E. histolytica IgG also had EhMSP-1-specific IgG antibod

40 d with metronidazole when combined with anti-E. histolytica MIF antibodies, compared to metronidazole

41 As E. histolytica does not readily form cysts in vitro, we

42 d with an increase in phagocytic ability, as E. histolytica cultures exposed to an initial stimulus o

43 ermine vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic E. histolytica intestinal infection.

44 ive lectin protein on the surfaces of axenic E. histolytica trophozoites or from solubilized amebae.

45 histolytica and human intestine, and between E. histolytica and hepatocytes, and discuss what these s

46 able of detecting and discriminating between E. histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, G. lamblia assemblages

47 rize recent work on the interactions between E. histolytica and human intestine, and between E. histo

48 system for studying the interactions between E. histolytica and human intestine.

49 s are found at syntenic break points between E. histolytica and E. dispar and hence, could work as re

50 this pathway may be the 97-kDa bifunctional E. histolytica alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (EhADH2), which p

51 s (95% CI, 2.02-50.6) more likely to be both E. histolytica negative and serum anti-lectin immunoglob

52 nce of a PS receptor on the surfaces of both E. histolytica and E. dispar.

53 he glycosomal ATP-PFK of Trypanosoma brucei, E. histolytica pfk1, and a second sequence from B. burgd

54 CID mouse model of amebic liver abscess, but E. histolytica trophozoites that do not express amoebapo

55 ba species while ERE2 was likely acquired by E. histolytica after its separation from E. dispar.

56 ide blocked Jurkat cell apoptosis induced by E. histolytica.

57 tor polymorphisms on intestinal infection by E. histolytica.

58 exin V prior to adherence to or ingestion by E. histolytica.

59 Prior to phagocytosis of host cells, E. histolytica induces apoptotic host cell death, using

60 In this study, we sought to characterize E. histolytica metallosurface protease 1 (EhMSP-1).

61 use of bloody diarrhea in Bolivian children; E. histolytica is uncommon.

62 2 h postchallenge, all Q223 mice had cleared E. histolytica, whereas 39% of 223R mice were infected.

63 Fv to each specifically detect their cognant E. histolytica cyst antigens was demonstrated in a biolo

64 In conclusion, E. histolytica infection was confirmed in 9 (15.8%) of t

65 ed flanking regions containing the conserved E. histolytica transcription promoter elements located 5

66 Only 1 of 133 stool specimens contained E. histolytica trophozoites.

67 In contrast, E. histolytica possesses only single genes encoding NifS

68 amples spiked with serially diluted cultured E. histolytica trophozoites.

69 e whether the genes encoding these cytosolic E. histolytica fermentation enzymes might derive from a

70 e also determined that this assay can detect E. histolytica DNA in the presence of 10-fold more DNA f

71 d duplex real-time PCR (capable of detecting E. histolytica and E. dispar), our tetraplex real-time P

72 ound that the E. histolytica II test detects E. histolytica infections more accurately.

73 ility of each assay to correctly distinguish E. histolytica from E. dispar was evaluated with DNA ext

74 ce calreticulin as a receptor for C1q during E. histolytica phagocytosis of host cells.

75 of cDNA ends were used to obtain the entire E. histolytica hsp60 coding region, which predicted a 53

76 mediated TGS in the deep-branching eukaryote E. histolytica.

77 Finally, E. histolytica calreticulin bound specifically to apopto

78 parvum or C. hominis, and 100% and 100% for E. histolytica, respectively.

79 domain of C1q were all chemoattractants for E. histolytica.

80 tolityca) and microarray expression data for E. histolytica.

81 ngladeshi children intensively monitored for E. histolytica infection for a 3-year period.

82 bacteria, the usual source of nutrients for E. histolytica.

83 indicate that EhADH2 enzyme is required for E. histolytica growth and survival and that the C-termin

84 trate that EhADH2 expression is required for E. histolytica growth and survival.

85 ia, 170, 95.9%, and 97.4%, respectively; for E. histolytica/E. dispar, 99, 96.0%, and 99.1%, respecti

86 ansfer, as has previously been suggested for E. histolytica genes encoding heat shock protein 60, nic

87 The CBDs of four E. histolytica lectins (Jacob, chitinase, and Jessies 2

88 eoside diphosphate forming) were cloned from E. histolytica, and their evolutionary origins, as well

89 xcess K(+) protected diverse cell types from E. histolytica-induced death.

90 analyzed the ability of the third-generation E. histolytica Quik Chek assay developed by Techlab to d

91 Despite its large genome, E. histolytica encodes only one rhomboid (EhROM1) with r

92 Insight into how E. histolytica responds to oxidative stress increases ou

93 In E. histolytica trophozoites, EhROM1 changed localization

94 ifferent kinetics of ubiquitin activation in E. histolytica.

95 es in encysting E. invadens parasites and in E. histolytica trophozoites overexpressing chitinase und

96 The lack of a defined Golgi apparatus in E. histolytica as well as in other protists led to the h

97 well as in the phagolysosomal biogenesis in E. histolytica and thus contributes to the pathogenicity

98 tly novel role in transcriptional control in E. histolytica.

99 om a significantly higher leukocyte count in E. histolytica-positive patients than in negative patien

100 l relevance of raft-like membrane domains in E. histolytica.

101 Overexpression of EhEBP1 in E. histolytica trophozoites resulted in a 7-fold drop in

102 ing the initiation of erythrophagocytosis in E. histolytica.

103 ate phagocytosis-related signaling events in E. histolytica have been characterized, the functions of

104 dispar and 32 genes with lower expression in E. histolytica Rahman than in E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS.

105 t mechanism of control of gene expression in E. histolytica.

106 Motility is a key factor in E. histolytica pathogenesis, and this process relies on

107 ew stress-responsive transcription factor in E. histolytica that controls a transcriptional regulator

108 n the early stages of phagosome formation in E. histolytica.

109 idence for Golgi apparatus-like functions in E. histolytica as well as for components of glycoprotein

110 found a putative transposase-coding gene in E. histolytica and E. dispar related to the mariner tran

111 repressive histone mark to be identified in E. histolytica, dimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27Me2), and d

112 fic DNA binding activity to be identified in E. histolytica, should provide new insights into transcr

113 conserved mode of E2/RING-E3 interaction in E. histolytica.

114 allow for a unique polyubiquitin linkage in E. histolytica.

115 loped a new tool for genetic manipulation in E. histolytica with many advantages over currently avail

116 delay in erythrophagocytosis was observed in E. histolytica cells overexpressing S428A and KDDeltaC p

117 oteinase, EhCP5, which is functional only in E. histolytica.

118 ttle is known about the role of PI(4,5)P2 in E. histolytica pathogenicity.

119 ngly implicate the SREHP as a participant in E. histolytica phagocytosis and suggest that it may play

120 he potential for novel metabolic pathways in E. histolytica may allow for the development of new chem

121 -wide transcriptional regulatory patterns in E. histolytica.

122 bution during various endocytic processes in E. histolytica.

123 f PI3-kinase signaling in these processes in E. histolytica.

124 derstanding of the role of these proteins in E. histolytica virulence.

125 demonstrate that G3-based gene silencing in E. histolytica is mediated by an siRNA pathway, which ut

126 n in the nonvirulent species/strains than in E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS.

127 expression in E. histolytica Rahman than in E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS.

128 Together, our data suggest that in E. histolytica, PI(4,5)P2 may signal from lipid rafts an

129 The discovery of amoebic trogocytosis in E. histolytica may also shed light on an evolutionarily

130 the mechanism is not very well understood in E. histolytica.

131 ted overexpression of calreticulin increased E. histolytica's ability to phagocytose apoptotic lympho

132 Despite induction, E. histolytica trophozoites were found to be resistant t

133 During the process of invasion E. histolytica ingests red blood and host cells using ph

134 ocytosis of host cells characterize invasive E. histolytica infection.

135 immunoassay for the detection of G. lamblia, E. histolytica/E. dispar, and C. parvum in fresh or fres

136 parasitic infections other than G. lamblia, E. histolytica/E. dispar, or C. parvum are suspected.

137 We have cloned the full-length E. histolytica gene encoding one such protein, chaperoni

138 imony analyses also suggested as less likely E. histolytica POR sharing more recent common ancestry w

139 In response to live E. histolytica and soluble E. histolytica proteins, WT,

140 We celebrate the gains that have made E. histolytica tractable and anticipate continued advanc

141 ssion and shape the colonic microenvironment E. histolytica infects.

142 e, we have cloned and characterized multiple E. histolytica ubiquitination components, spanning ubiqu

143 of the five encoded proteins, which we named E. histolytica ILWEQ (EhILWEQ) and E. histolytica BAR (E

144 ecombinant protein, we have localized native E. histolytica CPN60 to a previously undescribed organel

145 ed with E. histolytica; the incidence of new E. histolytica infections in controls (as determined by

146 arkedly underestimated the occurrence of new E. histolytica infections, as 15.3% of controls seroconv

147 olytica-negative children but in only 34% of E. histolytica-positive children (overall odds ratio, 2.

148 nd homozygous genotypes were found in 55% of E. histolytica-negative children but in only 34% of E. h

149 The ability of E. histolytica to phagocytose host cells correlates with

150 een shown previously to mediate adherence of E. histolytica to mammalian epithelial cells.

151 ition of the galactose-specific adherence of E. histolytica trophozoites to Chinese hamster ovary cel

152 Interestingly, adherence of E. histolytica trophozoites to CHO cells was inhibited b

153 onal antibody to a 29-kDa surface antigen of E. histolytica bound to trophozoites 83.5% +/- 6.7% less

154 ects of which centre on expanding aspects of E. histolytica's metabolic repertoire.

155 olvement of PTPases during the attachment of E. histolytica to target cells.

156 nes exhibited the features characteristic of E. histolytica genes, such as transcripts with relativel

157 peaks that are associated with clearance of E. histolytica and E. dispar infection.

158 ta set demonstrating feed-forward control of E. histolytica phagocytosis.

159 rrelated with our finding that co-culture of E. histolytica trophozoites with mucin-producing T84 cel

160 a robust assay for the specific detection of E. histolytica trophozoites in unfixed frozen clinical s

161 Core promoter elements of E. histolytica protein encoding genes include a TATA-lik

162 ildren in the cohort had a second episode of E. histolytica infection during the study period.

163 The early establishment of E. histolytica in the colon occurs in the presence of an

164 nth that of the 60-kDa enzyme in extracts of E. histolytica trophozoites.

165 tive without prior activation in extracts of E. histolytica.

166 To identify virulence factors of E. histolytica, we first defined the phenotypes of two E

167 The 6-kDa FD of E. histolytica and G. lamblia were most similar to those

168 The transmissive form of E. histolytica is the cyst, with a single infected indiv

169 estinal cathelicidins is a novel function of E. histolytica cysteine proteinases in the evasion of th

170 es suggested that the adh1 and adhe genes of E. histolytica and Gram-positive eubacteria share a comm

171 Here we present the genome of E. histolytica, which reveals a variety of metabolic ada

172 Complex N-glycans of E. histolytica are made by the addition of alpha1,2-link

173 ycan biosynthesis and the final N-glycans of E. histolytica with the following conclusions.

174 prospectively studied the natural history of E. histolytica colonization and diarrhea among infants i

175 ecently been published for identification of E. histolytica and differentiation from the morphologica

176 ved unsatisfactory for the identification of E. histolytica, E. coli, and C. mesnili.

177 vitro study demonstrated that incubation of E. histolytica trophozoites with epithelial cell lines r

178 bscesses following intrahepatic injection of E. histolytica by a combined rate of 68% in two independ

179 nate host immune response during invasion of E. histolytica, the protozoan cause of human amebiasis.

180 mABs generated against the 170-kD lectin of E. histolytica.

181 teady-state levels in the plasma membrane of E. histolytica and that these levels, unlike those in ma

182 Within the past four years, new models of E. histolytica infection have begun to illuminate how am

183 ted beads was disrupted by overexpression of E. histolytica p21(racA-V12), a ras-family protein invol

184 udies have demonstrated a high prevalence of E. histolytica.

185 extracellular neutral cysteine proteinase of E. histolytica trophozoites, one of the first amebic pro

186 A chromatographic purification of E. histolytica nuclear extracts by gel filtration, catio

187 d environmental factors in the regulation of E. histolytica virulence.

188 erse effects(3), and potential resistance of E. histolytica to the drug is an increasing concern(4,5)

189 Here, we investigated the role of E. histolytica MIF (EhMIF) during infection.

190 The seroprevalence of E. histolytica was 33% (14/43) from the available stored

191 All strains of E. histolytica express a 260-kDa surface Gal/GalNAc lect

192 Several different strains of E. histolytica were found to contain multiple hgl loci i

193 n, is aggregated into caps on the surface of E. histolytica by the N-glycan-specific, anti-retroviral

194 Calreticulin was localized to the surface of E. histolytica during interaction with both Jurkat lymph

195 d to control animals bound to the surface of E. histolytica trophozoites and accelerated amebic lysis

196 th PI(4,5)P2 were enhanced upon treatment of E. histolytica cells with cholesterol.

197 thogenicity factors by which trophozoites of E. histolytica exert their remarkable cytolytic and tiss

198 The virulence of E. histolytica correlates with the degree of host cell e

199 roteases degrade the key adherence lectin on E. histolytica trophozoites and decrease their adherence

200 false negatives by O&P (two G. lamblia, one E. histolytica/E. dispar, and one C. parvum).

201 preschool age, for infection by the parasite E. histolytica every other day over 9 years and evaluate

202 ose expression was upregulated in phagocytic E. histolytica trophozoites to determine whether these g

203 The predicted E. histolytica POR showed fewer positional identities to

204 A prior E. histolytica infection was associated with the occurre

205 Recently, E. histolytica trophozoites that are totally deficient i

206 The serine-rich E. histolytica protein (SREHP) is a surface-expressed tr

207 ression of the GalNAc lectin and serine-rich E. histolytica protein (SREHP) receptors.

208 antigen family that includes the serine-rich E. histolytica protein (SREHP), an amebic vaccine candid

209 ography-mass spectrometry as the serine-rich E. histolytica protein (SREHP).

210 of a liver transplant recipient with severe E. histolytica colitis who was successfully treated with

211 response to live E. histolytica and soluble E. histolytica proteins, WT, and to a lesser extent, MUC

212 C. parvum or C. hominis) or trichrome stain (E. histolytica).

213 s opsonins on apoptotic cells that stimulate E. histolytica phagocytosis, an effect mediated at least

214 at the collectins are ligands that stimulate E. histolytica phagocytosis, we used a flow cytometry-ba

215 histolytica HM-1:IMSS is a virulent strain, E. histolytica Rahman is a nonvirulent strain, and Entam

216 In summary, E. histolytica N-glycans include unprocessed Man(5)GlcNA

217 These proteins, termed E. histolytica enhancer-binding proteins 1 and 2 (EhEBP1

218 We demonstrate that E. histolytica and E. dispar share their entire repertoi

219 Together, these studies demonstrate that E. histolytica has different vesicles that play a role i

220 nesis of amebic colitis, we demonstrate that E. histolytica trophozoites or their released proteinase

221 /BL6.lpr and C57/BL6.gld mice, we found that E. histolytica-induced apoptosis does not require the Fa

222 s to be at variance with the hypothesis that E. histolytica rather recently lost its mitochondrial or

223 The pattern of polymorphism indicates that E. histolytica reproduces sexually, or has done so in th

224 Here, we report that E. histolytica induces apoptosis in both inflammatory ce

225 s factor receptor I gene, we have shown that E. histolytica-induced apoptosis is not mediated by tumo

226 in a mouse model of disease and suggest that E. histolytica induces cell death without using two comm

227 These results suggest that E. histolytica-mediated host cell death occurs by a mech

228 ry of the sequenced genomes, suggesting that E. histolytica may reproduce sexually.

229 The E. histolytica acetyl-CoA synthetase, which converts ace

230 The E. histolytica genome contains two homologues to the met

231 The E. histolytica genome encodes several Rho family GTPases

232 The E. histolytica hsp60 gene protected from heat shock Esch

233 The E. histolytica Hsp60, which lacked characteristic carbox

234 The E. histolytica HSP70 is most similar to the higher eukar

235 The E. histolytica malic enzyme, which decarboxylates malate

236 The E. histolytica por gene encodes a 1,620-amino-acid pepti

237 tolytica microplate assay from Remel and the E. histolytica II enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELI

238 dascreen Entamoeba test (R-Biopharm) and the E. histolytica II test (Techlab), and we found that the

239 mpared to the ProSpecT microplate assay, the E. histolytica Quik Chek (Quik Chek) assay exhibited 97.

240 Conversely, the E. histolytica plasma membrane Gal/GalNAc lectin bound s

241 roaches we have (a) cloned and expressed the E. histolytica UDP-galactose transporter in Saccharomyce

242 The URE3-BP protein was present in the E. histolytica nucleus and cytoplasm with an apparent mo

243 al gene transfer of bacterial genes into the E. histolytica genome, the effects of which centre on ex

244 lls and inhibited neutrophil influx into the E. histolytica-infected intestinal xenografts.

245 alyses inferred a closer relationship of the E. histolytica ADHE to bacterial ADHE than to the G. lam

246 8-Cys CBD was found at the N termini of the E. histolytica chitinase and three other predicted lecti

247 esent and significant in the function of the E. histolytica fdx gene promoter.

248 e composition bias and repetitiveness of the E. histolytica genome provide a challenge for short-read

249 tage process has been the publication of the E. histolytica genome, from which has come an explosion

250 d rafts, and the actin-rich fractions of the E. histolytica membrane.

251 under a promoter (g34) taken from one of the E. histolytica ribosomal protein (RP-L21) gene copies.

252 However, no functional studies of the E. histolytica ubiquitination enzymes have yet emerged.

253 After discrepant resolution, The E. histolytica Quik Chek assay exhibited sensitivity and

254 In this study, the E. histolytica por gene and the adhE gene of a second am

255 assays suggested that auranofin targets the E. histolytica thioredoxin reductase, preventing the red

256 ica II test (Techlab), and we found that the E. histolytica II test detects E. histolytica infections

257 ort in Entamoeba is strong evidence that the E. histolytica organelle housing chaperonin CPN60 repres

258 sensitivity and specificity compared to the E. histolytica II ELISA of 98.0% (95% confidence interva

259 Despite this, E. histolytica is understudied, leading to few treatment

260 In this study, we compared three E. histolytica real-time PCR techniques published by Dec

261 Thus, E. histolytica infection was confirmed in 9 cases (15.8%

262 monoclonal antibody, following adherence to E. histolytica.

263 th EhILWEQ and EhBAR appear to contribute to E. histolytica virulence through their function in phago

264 tation enzymes from archaea or eubacteria to E. histolytica probably occurred early, because the sequ

265 that contributes to resistance of the gut to E. histolytica infection.

266 Determination of immunity to E. histolytica following cure of ALA will require the us

267 discrete mechanisms of innate resistance to E. histolytica depending on the host background and, in

268 spond to external stressors and responded to E. histolytica through rapid activation of the mitogen-a

269 he human intestinal IgA antibody response to E. histolytica and E. dispar infection and revealed that

270 ction of IL-1 and IL-8 occurs in response to E. histolytica infection in vivo and as an approach to s

271 rophil-mediated tissue damage in response to E. histolytica infection; this inflammatory cascade can

272 ptin function may increase susceptibility to E. histolytica infection.

273 ion of this subunit were more susceptible to E. histolytica infection as measured by culture results,

274 ies-specific manner, while ERE2 is unique to E. histolytica.

275 tica, we first defined the phenotypes of two E. histolytica strains, HM-1:IMSS, the prototype virulen

276 ted were active (IC(50) < 200 microM) versus E. histolytica growth in vitro.

277 Transfectants of virulent E. histolytica strain HM-1:IMSS, in which the expression

278 onvirulent species/strains than the virulent E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS.

279 tinal xenografts were infected with virulent E. histolytica trophozoites.

280 When E. histolytica trophozoites invade the lamina propria of

281 the sera of children living in an area where E. histolytica infection is endemic.

282 tica genome, raising the question of whether E. histolytica MIF (EhMIF) has proinflammatory activity

283 To investigate this, whether E. histolytica could stimulate proinflammatory responses

284 were diagnosed with G. intestinalis, 53 with E. histolytica and/or E. dispar, and 14 with both G. int

285 Statistically significant associations with E. histolytica and G. intestinalis were not found.

286 Contact with E. histolytica parasites triggered K(+) channel activati

287 oximately 80% of children were infected with E. histolytica by the age of 2 years.

288 l xenografts in SCID mice were infected with E. histolytica trophozoites expressing an antisense mess

289 grow; the xenografts were then infected with E. histolytica trophozoites.

290 from South Africans naturally infected with E. histolytica were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorb

291 eropositive subjects that were infected with E. histolytica, disease free, and asymptomatic.

292 at codon 223 were intracecally infected with E. histolytica.

293 udy, 6.3% of ALA subjects were infected with E. histolytica; the incidence of new E. histolytica infe

294 Infection with E. histolytica increased prostaglandin E(2) (PGE2) level

295 Infection with E. histolytica resulted in the expression of cyclooxygen

296 of isolated crypts from mice inoculated with E. histolytica.

297 re found to be resistant to reinfection with E. histolytica.

298 nd tissue damage that are normally seen with E. histolytica colonic infection.

299 Infection of xenografts with E. histolytica trophozoites resulted in extensive tissue