ライフサイエンスコーパス: IGRA

1 IGRA conversions occurred in 9% (n = 63 of 718), whereas

2 IGRA converters experienced higher median CO2 levels com

3 IGRA outcomes are highly heritable in various population

4 IGRA results should be interpreted cautiously when TB re

5 IGRA results were categorized as IGRA positive (maintain

6 IGRA was performed at baseline, at month 6 if results we

7 IGRA-positive contacts with BMI <25 kg/m2 had a 4.14-fol

8 IGRA-positive individuals had higher risk of tuberculosi

9 IGRAs approximated the TPP in low-burden settings but sh

10 IGRAs are preferred over TST when specificity is paramou

11 IGRAs measure interferon gamma production by lymphocytes

12 IGRAs offer logistical advantages and are supposed to of

13 Two (1.0%) PCR, 10 (5%) ELISA, and 28 (14%) IGRA samples were positive.

14 The SARS-CoV-2 IGRA is a useful clinical diagnostic tool for assessing

15 SARS-CoV-2 IGRA may serve as a useful diagnostic tool in managing t

16 SARS-CoV-2 IGRA may serve as a useful diagnostic tool in managing t

17 SARS-CoV-2 IGRA was applied in contacts of households with index ca

18 participants were concurrently tested with 2 IGRAs (QFT-GIT from Qiagen and TSPOT from Oxford Immunot

19 Asymptomatic retraced contacts underwent 3 IGRAs and follow-up TST, and their M.tb infection status

20 ) contacts IGRA-positive at baseline, and 3) IGRA-positive contacts who did not receive TB preventive

21 treat per TB case averted (COR: 49 (29-77); IGRA: 84 (59-123)).

22 Smoking frequency was 26 (29%) among IGRA-positive contacts, 7 (23%) in converters, and 3 (10

23 ectively reduced the tuberculosis risk among IGRA-positive contacts.

24 eased risk of progressing to active TB among IGRA-positive contacts who did not receive TPT (aHR=0.89

25 der of Summa Health Care, who has adopted an IGRA for M. tuberculosis detection in his laboratory, an

26 ors should be tested with either a TST or an IGRA.

27 uberculosis (TB) infection screening with an IGRA (QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube; Cellestis, Carnegie,

28 The relative differences between COR and IGRA were not sensitive to screening coverage.

29 cts the magnitude of IFN-gamma responses and IGRA accuracy varied according to disease severity and d

30 (from positive to negative at any time), and IGRA negative (maintained from baseline to the last visi

31 LTBI prevalence was 52.7% and 61.2% (TST and IGRA respectively).

32 rus vaccines leads to false-negative TST and IGRA results is not supported by these findings.

33 Agreement between the TST and IGRA results, measured by the kappa coefficient, was 0.2

34 n a cohort of 1000 TB contacts, both TST and IGRA strategies could avert 282 and 283 TB cases, respec

35 Enrolling based on a mix of TST and IGRA substantially reduced the likelihood of falsely dec

36 er TST in IMIDs or to recommend both TST and IGRA to enhance sensitivity.

37 LTBI, defined by repeatedly negative TST and IGRA, in adults who have had close contact with pulmonar

38 h outcomes of tuberculin skin test (TST) and IGRA, in comparison to no screening, based on a societal

39 Both the TST and IGRAs are moderately sensitive and highly specific withi

40 is study compared the performance of TST and IGRAs in five different groups of immunocompromised pati

41 TST and IGRAs were moderately sensitive and highly specific.

42 incorporating novel M tuberculosis antigens) IGRAs and followed up for 6-12 months to establish defin

43 sensitivity and specificity as WHO-approved IGRAs.

44 IGRA results were categorized as IGRA positive (maintained from baseline to the last visi

45 same pattern of suppressed TM expression as IGRA positive (LTBI-confirmed individuals).

46 d interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release assay IGRA, and a positive result may prompt chemoprophylaxis

47 skin test (TST) and IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA) (QuantiFERON Gold).

48 TB Gold Plus Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and reverse-transcriptase quantitative PCR were us

49 be tested by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and treated for LTBI with three months of self-adm

50 (TB) had an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) at baseline and 14 weeks later.

51 st (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) at baseline and after 1 year.

52 olled had an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) at baseline.

53 e tested for interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) conversion between baseline and 14 weeks post recr

54 curacy of an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for detection of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2.

55 Currently, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is costly and not included as latent tuberculosis

56 skin test or interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) result from 1985 to 2015 were identified using a h

57 fined by a positive IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA) result in the absence of active tuberculosis.

58 longitudinal interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) results remains unknown.

59 gen-specific interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) results were analysed by GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra,

60 est (TST) or interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) results, normal examinations, and normal chest rad

61 by site and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) status, to receive two intramuscular doses of M72/

62 Gold In-Tube interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) testing at baseline and after 24 months in a low t

63 imitation of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) testing in severely ill COVID-19 patients, these d

64 -SPOT) is an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) used to detect infection with Mycobacterium tuberc

65 an "in-tube" gamma interferon release assay (IGRA) using TB-specific antigens in comparison to the TS

66 IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA) was combined with a flow cytometric assay that det

67 V-2-specific interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and receptor-binding doma

68 s who tested interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)-negative were advised about symptoms of tuberculos

69 in test (TST) or interferon-y release assay (IGRA).

70 measured by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).

71 the existing interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).

72 based on a positive IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA); 4) enroll based on either a positive TST or IGRA;

73 st [TST] and interferon gamma release assay [IGRA]), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing.

74 ned-antigen interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) and an eleven-antigen multiplex ELISA (Enferplex T

75 interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release assays (IGRA) over a year of exposure.

76 s (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA), after close contact with pulmonary tuberculosis (

77 interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release assays (IGRA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex-PCR, a

78 assessed by interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA).

79 formance of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) among PLWH are

80 IFN-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are alternatives to tuberculin skin testing (TST)

81 Interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) are blood-based tests intended for diagnosis of l

82 Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) release assays (IGRAs) are functional assays used serially to measure th

83 IFN-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are in vitro blood tests that measure T-cell rele

84 In vitro gamma interferon release assays (IGRAs) are increasingly used as an alternative to the tr

85 Although IFN-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are widely used to screen for Mycobacterium tuber

86 efulness of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) for active tuberculosis and mortality in Kenyan h

87 ic value of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for active tuberculosis in low- and middle-income

88 utility of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for diagnosis of active tuberculosis is unclear,

89 er, current interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for Mtb infection are costly, and require a large

90 evidence on interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infectio

91 s (TSTs) or interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) in the 4 weeks following live-virus vaccination b

92 Interferon gamma-release assays (IGRAs) may provide evidence of latent and active infecti

93 New interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) offer improvements over TST, but these tests have

94 Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) release assays (IGRAs) provide an in vitro measurement of antimycobacter

95 Interferon-gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) significantly increases the possibility for early

96 Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) that evaluate an individual's T-cell activation r

97 the use of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

98 neration of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) to receive approval from the U.S. FDA, replacing

99 nterferon (gamma interferon) release assays (IGRAs) with known markers of tuberculosis (TB) treatment

100 onventional interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), such as QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), req

101 sured using interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs).

102 interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release assays (IGRAs).

103 TST and two interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs): T-SPOT.TB (Oxford Immunotec, Oxford, UK) and Qua

104 Commercially available IGRAs do not have sufficient accuracy for diagnostic eva

105 e and T-SPOT.TB, the two currently available IGRAs, in immunocompromised adults, including persons in

106 test) alongside traditional tuberculin-based IGRA and IDEXX M. bovis antibody tests to assess immune

107 tion reduced the risk of a positive baseline IGRA (relative risk [RR], 0.89 [95% confidence interval

108 for household contacts, a positive baseline IGRA or TST test and young children aged 0-2 years; for

109 were less likely to have a positive baseline IGRA than other HWs (OR, 0.26; P = .005) but had similar

110 U/mL (95% CI 461.75-677.93) in with baseline IGRA positivity and 424.95 EU/mL (357.74-504.80) in thos

111 )), were calculated for associations between IGRA positivity and risk of active tuberculosis and mort

112 Associations between IGRA results and smoking status at baseline (current/for

113 Agreement between IGRAs was fair (kappa=0.71).

114 Whole blood IGRA accurately distinguished between convalescents and

115 oled specificity estimates were low for both IGRA platforms among all participants (T-SPOT, 61% [95%

116 he index of suspicion for LTBI is high, both IGRA and TST could be performed, especially prior to ini

117 that in the face of immune-suppression, both IGRA and TST can be falsely negative and are thus only d

118 oled analysis, 2,282 patients underwent both IGRA and TST screening prior to golimumab treatment.

119 Sensitivity of both IGRAs for detection of risk factors for LTBI was 33.3% (

120 ity for early diagnosis of tuberculosis, but IGRAs alone cannot discriminate active TB from LTBI.

121 a rate of positivity of 9.1% (71 of 781) by IGRA (P=0.0002).

122 Similarly, T-cell response assessed by IGRA was low with only 17 patients showing a positive re

123 (62 of 1,248) and the rate of positivity by IGRA was 5.8% (72 of 1,248) (P=0.3745).

124 esults by TST, 7.0% with positive results by IGRA, and 2.6% with positive results on both tests.

125 udy inclusion criteria; 10.4% were tested by IGRA.

126 udy inclusion criteria; 10.4% were tested by IGRA.

127 e diagnostic biomarker than standard-of-care IGRA.

128 Combining IGRAs did not significantly improve sensitivity.

129 the data that have been published concerning IGRA.

130 re created for: 1) all contacts, 2) contacts IGRA-positive at baseline, and 3) IGRA-positive contacts

131 the outcome (IGRA positive, IGRA conversion, IGRA reversion) on smoking status.

132 Adolescents with converted IGRA status (QFT converters [n = 534]) and randomly chos

133 With the same coverage, IGRA-targeted PT could reduce TB incidence by 39% (31-48

134 On the basis of the available data, IGRAs have advantages over the tuberculin skin test in s

135 After exposure, the DIVA skin, DIVA IGRA, and comparative cervical tuberculin (CCT) tests ha

136 Before exposure, the DIVA skin, DIVA IGRA, and tuberculin tests showed 100% specificity in un

137 t specific diagnostic tests available (i.e., IGRAs) to avoid misclassifying inferior treatment regime

138 Either IGRA or IgG was positive in 100% (12/12) of index cases

139 There was no consistent evidence that either IGRA was more sensitive than the tuberculin skin test fo

140 Only a few studies have evaluated IGRAs in IMIDs, and most were small and varied considera

141 ST at the 10-mm and 15-mm thresholds and for IGRAs ranged from 0.95 to 0.99 (34 studies; n = 23853).

142 1-0.87 [11 studies; n = 988]), and those for IGRAs ranged from 0.77 to 0.90 (57 studies; n = 4378).

143 to qualify a recently developed ESAT-6-free IGRA and to assess its diagnostic performance in compari

144 ESAT-6-free IGRA antigen recognition was evaluated in QFT-positive a

145 ESAT-6-free IGRA blood collection tubes had acceptable lot-to-lot va

146 The ESAT-6-free IGRA cutoff was established at 0.61 IU/mL, based on rece

147 e were enrolled to determine the ESAT-6-free IGRA cutoff, test assay performance in independent cohor

148 The novel ESAT-6-free IGRA had diagnostic accuracy comparable to QFT and is su

149 herefore, the availability of an ESAT-6-free IGRA is essential to determine M.tb infection status fol

150 of IFN-gamma released in QFT and ESAT-6-free IGRA were highly correlated (P < .0001, r = 0.83) and yi

151 Further, IGRA diagnostic performance can also be compromised in a

152 Future IGRA research should focus on children aged less than 5

153 Second-generation IGRAs had a sensitivity of 94.0% (90.0-96.4) for culture

154 commercially available and second-generation IGRAs in the diagnostic assessment of suspected tubercul

155 B to 80.0% (75.6-83.8) for second-generation IGRAs.

156 tified by pregnancy versus delivery, 20% had IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance at each time point.

157 developed postpartum TB, of which three had IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance during pregnancy.

158 identified: 166 cases in individuals who had IGRA testing (incidence 204 cases [95% CI 176-238] per 1

159 Of the 17 subjects who had IGRA testing after V3, 94.1% (16/17) had a positive IGRA

160 In 14 households, IGRA showed a positivity rate of 100% (12/12) and 65.2%

161 However, IGRAs have biological limitations similar to TST and som

162 2, a readily available biomarker, identified IGRA-positive close TB contacts at high risk of progress

163 There was also a 19% increase in IGRA positivity risk for every additional year of school

164 unspecific and specific T-cell responses in IGRA.

165 3 women tested, 52 (15.6%) had indeterminate IGRA results.

166 nificantly more likely to have indeterminate IGRA results and produced quantitatively less gamma inte

167 lly indeterminate, the rate of indeterminate IGRA findings for latent TB was much lower than has been

168 Annual incidence of TB infection (IGRA conversion) was high (34%).

169 ntacts aged 5 years had TST and longitudinal IGRA results available.

170 ht the importance of smoking on longitudinal IGRA results.

171 ve TB and probable LTBI in RTRs is very low, IGRAs cannot be used to exclude LTBI.

172 We performed multiple IGRA tests using leftover stimulated plasma according to

173 clearers, defined as a persistently negative IGRA at 3 months, and converters, whose IGRA converted f

174 rance was defined as a persistently negative IGRA.

175 A baseline positive TST with negative IGRAs was associated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

176 However, studies have shown nonreproducible IGRA results.

177 ntries, neither the tuberculin skin test nor IGRAs have value for active tuberculosis diagnosis in ad

178 conducted a genome-wide linkage analysis of IGRA phenotypes in families from a tuberculosis househol

179 TB infection, results of this comparison of IGRA and TST in a large cohort of patients with rheumati

180 ld not be cost-effective, unless the cost of IGRA was reduced to 1,434 baht per test.

181 n contacts was associated with lower odds of IGRA reversion (adjusted odds ratio, 0.16 [95% confidenc

182 Median CO2 levels were predictive of IGRA conversion (odds ratio [OR], 2.04; P = .04, >=1 IU/

183 ; P = .01), and strongly reduced the risk of IGRA conversion (RR, 0.56 [95% CI, .40-.77]; P < .001).

184 Risk of IGRA conversion was positively associated with hemoglobi

185 with a CD4>200 had a two-fold higher risk of IGRA positivity compared to those with CD4 counts <200 (

186 rt the novel findings of a decreased risk of IGRA positivity in HIV-infected smokers possibly due to

187 A decreased risk of IGRA positivity was observed in persons with a BCG scar

188 Pooled estimates for sensitivity of IGRA tests ranged from 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79-0.84) to 0.90

189 Although the clinical significance of IGRA conversions and reversions remains to be establishe

190 ecommendations on how to minimize sources of IGRA variability.

191 s 27,645 baht per QALY gained, while that of IGRA compared to TST was 851,030 baht per QALY gained.

192 Determine the performance characteristics of IGRAs versus TST for serial testing of HCWs.

193 These results emphasize the limitations of IGRAs in the setting of chronic immunosuppressive therap

194 all, the findings demonstrate performance of IGRAs equivalent or superior to that of the TST.

195 nocentric studies have evaluated the role of IGRAs to predict the development of tuberculosis in rece

196 Current evidence supports usage of IGRAs in children aged 5 years or older.

197 ere are substantial challenges to the use of IGRAs in resource-limited settings.

198 to more accurately define the usefulness of IGRAs in immunocompromised patients.

199 es have been done on the predictive value of IGRAs in IMID patients.

200 Although the negative predictive value of IGRAs is high, the risk for the development of tuberculo

201 analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of IGRAs.

202 edications and the impact of type of IMID on IGRA performance.

203 n sources of variability and their impact on IGRA results.

204 The rate of indeterminate results for TB on IGRA was 1.8%.

205 The TBI prevalence (defined as either TST or IGRA positivity) was 72% and varied by age, test used, a

206 People with a positive TST or IGRA result from 1985 to 2015 were identified using a he

207 4) enroll based on either a positive TST or IGRA; and 5) enroll regardless of test result, assuming

208 count, or results of tuberculin skin test or IGRAs.

209 dividuals and was poorly predicted by TST or IGRAs.

210 iate in models, which regressed the outcome (IGRA positive, IGRA conversion, IGRA reversion) on smoki

211 ousehold contacts (n = 1347), a persistently IGRA negative status was associated with presence of a B

212 li, but compared to converters, persistently IGRA-negative contacts produced more proinflammatory cyt

213 response from 2 to 14 weeks in persistently IGRA-negative contacts but not converters.

214 The combined sensitivities of the TST plus IGRA and TST plus a single sputum smear were 96% and 93%

215 Positive IGRA results for HIV-1-infected pregnant women were asso

216 ere assessed for association with a positive IGRA at each time point.

217 252 enrolled, 71 (28%) women had a positive IGRA but only 27 (10%) had a positive TST (P < 0.005).

218 sting after V3, 94.1% (16/17) had a positive IGRA response.

219 In those with a positive IGRA result, tuberculosis incidence was 0.2 (QFT) and 0

220 A positive IGRA was associated with known TB contact (odds ratio, 3

221 e assumptions, enrolling based on a positive IGRA was least likely to result in falsely declaring non

222 ncluded children, 160 (20.4%) had a positive IGRA.

223 during follow-up, 5 had concordant positive IGRA results and 2 were IGRA converters.

224 nated SARS-CoV-2-naive subjects had positive IGRA at 3 months.

225 th positive TST findings, 27.4% had positive IGRA findings.

226 emaining 281 women, 120 (42.7%) had positive IGRA results, which were associated with a 4.5-fold incr

227 n (CD4 cell count, <250 cells/muL), positive IGRA results were associated with increased risk of mate

228 Among the patients with positive IGRA findings, 36.9% had positive TST findings.

229 which regressed the outcome (IGRA positive, IGRA conversion, IGRA reversion) on smoking status.

230 increasing tendency for guidelines to prefer IGRA over TST in IMIDs or to recommend both TST and IGRA

231 hat the odds of a higher repeat quantitative IGRA result increased by almost 2-fold (OR, 1.81; P = .0

232 e was measured using a specific quantitative IGRA in whole blood (Euroimmun, Germany) and TrimericS-I

233 disease, but the risk associated with recent IGRA conversions is unknown.

234 Evidence regarding IGRA performance in children is accumulating rapidly.

235 eaction (PCR), and interferon gamma release (IGRA) assays.

236 versions remains to be established, repeated IGRA testing seems to be of value in HIV-1-infected indi

237 In low-burden settings, IGRAs offered greater net benefit than single-gene trans

238 her HWs (OR, 0.26; P = .005) but had similar IGRA conversion risk.

239 Limited data suggest IGRAs may not perform well for serial testing of healthc

240 ycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T-SPOT.TB IGRA positivity were determined during pregnancy in a hi

241 QFT-Plus, 4 QFT-Plus CLIA, 3 QIAreach, 26 TB-IGRA, 10 TB-Feron [1 assessing the QFT-Plus], and 1 T-SP

242 Compared to QFT-GIT, TB-IGRA's sensitivity was 3.0 percentage points higher (95%

243 The QFT-Plus and the TB-IGRA have very similar sensitivity and specificity as WH

244 ron gamma release assay for tuberculosis [TB-IGRA]).

245 nd NPA) were determined between the VIDAS TB-IGRA and QFT-Plus.

246 In the low-risk population, the VIDAS TB-IGRA demonstrated high specificity (94.9%) and a strong

247 s a comprehensive evaluation of the VIDAS TB-IGRA diagnostic test.

248 In the high-risk population, the VIDAS TB-IGRA exhibited a strong PPA (94.4%) with the QFT-Plus.

249 The VIDAS TB-IGRA produced fewer indeterminate results than the QFT-P

250 cally, 21 (49%) TBEx participants who tested IGRA negative exhibited the same pattern of suppressed T

251 ms of tuberculosis, whereas those who tested IGRA-positive were clinically assessed to rule out activ

252 d higher risk of tuberculosis diagnosis than IGRA-negative individuals (31.9 [20.4-49.8]).

253 14.67) higher risk of progression to TB than IGRA-positive contacts with BMI >=25 kg/m2: 8.4% vs. 2.1

254 rrent evidence does not clearly suggest that IGRAs are better than tuberculin skin test (TST) in iden

255 The IGRA used to screen for latent TB was the QuantiFERON-TB

256 The IGRA was a reliable method of quantifying T-cell respons

257 The IGRA-HrTS strategy was potentially cost-effective with c

258 m and additional cytokines measured from the IGRA supernatant.

259 gness-to-pay of $100,000 per QALY gained the IGRA-HrTS strategy appeared optimal.

260 uality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained, the IGRA-only strategy was the optimal strategy under both h

261 ion, and higher inflammatory proteins in the IGRA mitogen tube.

262 f tuberculosis: of 135 incident cases in the IGRA-positive cohort, seven cases were diagnosed in the

263 in all TB cases was higher than that of the IGRA (90% versus 76%, respectively).

264 The sensitivity of the IGRA for TB was considered a surrogate of sensitivity in

265 cterium tuberculosis, the sensitivity of the IGRA for the diagnosis of TB varied by clinical subgroup

266 The sensitivity of the IGRA in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected TB c

267 tive values (95% confidence interval) of the IGRA were 81.1% (74.9-86%), 90.9% (74.5-97.6%), 98.2% (9

268 nts with rheumatic diseases suggest that the IGRA provides greater specificity and possibly greater s

269 When the IGRA was repeated in patients whose results were initial

270 ion (from negative to positive at any time), IGRA reversion (from positive to negative at any time),

271 rienced higher median CO2 levels compared to IGRA nonconverters using quantitative QFT-Plus threshold

272 ggests immunometabolic pathways regulate TST/IGRA conversion.

273 anscripts had greater net benefit than using IGRAs, which offered little net benefit over treating al

274 diagnostic study assessing predictive value, IGRAs demonstrated superior performance for predicting i

275 tuberculosis infection (LTBI), measured via IGRA, was assessed using multivariable logistic regressi

276 maintained from baseline to the last visit), IGRA conversion (from negative to positive at any time),

277 concordant positive IGRA results and 2 were IGRA converters.

278 Of 430 close contacts, 89 (21%) were IGRA positive, 30 (7%) were converters, 30 (7%) were rev

279 .9%) were IGRA positive and 490 (36.3%) were IGRA negative.

280 migrants who were tested, 6640 (17.8%) were IGRA-positive, of whom 1740 (26.2%) started preventive t

281 7 contacts of 462 TB cases, 780 (57.9%) were IGRA positive and 490 (36.3%) were IGRA negative.

282 445 (26.1%) initially negative contacts were IGRA converters; 317 (71.2%) remained persistently negat

283 substantial variability in TB response when IGRAs are repeated using the same patient sample.

284 ions occurred in 9% (n = 63 of 718), whereas IGRA reversions were seen in 33% (n = 25 of 76) of indiv

285 ined, TST was deemed cost-effective, whereas IGRA would not be cost-effective, unless the cost of IGR

286 534]) and randomly chosen adolescents whose IGRA status had remained negative over a period of 2 yea

287 tive IGRA at 3 months, and converters, whose IGRA converted from negative to positive.

288 functional antibody activity associated with IGRA status at baseline or follow-up.

289 The TST combined with IGRA or with a single sputum smear may have a role in ex

290 Compared with IGRA(+)/TST(+), women with IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance ha

291 Compared with IGRA, ASTRA shows greater diagnostic sensitivity in indi

292 Patients with IGRA(+) CD4(+)CD25(+)CD134(+) T-cell phenotypes had the

293 Pregnant women with IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance had less IFN-gamma and IL-2 t

294 Compared with IGRA(+)/TST(+), women with IGRA(+)/TST(-) discordance had significantly less IFN-ga

295 , particularly when used in combination with IGRAs in low-burden settings.

296 Our results reveal that in combination with IGRAs, CD161-based indices provide a novel, fast diagnos

297 urred six to nine times more frequently with IGRAs than TST; repeat testing of apparent converters is

298 revealed higher false conversion rates with IGRAs than with TST.

299 Clinicians could consider starting with IGRAs in individuals with a history of Bacille Calmette-

300 erson-years) and 1280 in individuals without IGRA testing (82 cases [77-86] per 100 000 person-years)