ライフサイエンスコーパス: LAA

1 LAA closure was confirmed with transesophageal echocardi

2 LAA closure was independently associated with an increas

3 LAA closure with the LARIAT device can be performed effe

4 LAA closure with the Watchman device can be safely perfo

5 LAA effective refractory period (ERP) was measured befor

6 LAA ERP decreased significantly after 48 hours (116+/-3

7 LAA exclusion during isolated coronary artery bypass gra

8 LAA exclusion was associated with a greater risk of post

9 LAA exclusion was associated with a nonsignificant reduc

10 LAA function and morphology can then be measured, to pla

11 LAA occlusion has become a favourable option in patients

12 LAA occlusion was successful in all 20 patients.

13 LAA represents one of the major sources of cardiac throm

14 LAA sealing was confirmed by intracardiac echocardiograp

15 LAA structure was analyzed by the echocardiographer and

16 using a Hounsfield unit threshold of -950 (%LAA-950).

17 tors to help ensure a successful launch of a LAA occlusion program and optimize patient selection, pr

18 Persistent AF ablation, LAA electric isolation, and mechanical occlusion can be

19 tion, 25+/-15 months) underwent AF ablation, LAA electric isolation, and occlusion.

20 Among 22 patients who underwent ablation, LAA electric isolation was possible in 20.

21 Of the 1,518 patients with abnormal LAA contractility, 1,086 remained on OAC, and the incide

22 (3) The compound Ac-LAA-ep was found to favor subunit beta5c over beta5i by

23 h focal lesion (n=56; group 2) or to achieve LAA isolation by placement of the circular catheter at t

24 Introduction of lipoamino acid (LAA), Lys-palmitoyl, and cationization into a series of

25 The highest lipophilic antioxidant activity (LAA) was recorded in red lettuce and rocket, whereas asc

26 After covariate adjustment, LAA ligation remained a significant predictor of 30-day

27 ealth check-up on laboratory animal allergy (LAA) by questionnaires and specific-IgE antibody test fo

28 At univariate analysis, %LAA-950insp and %LAA-910exp values higher than the mean

29 Little is known about the anatomic LAA remodeling after Lariat ligation.

30 at 4.55, followed by dabigatran at 4.64 and LAA occlusion at 4.68.

31 ismatch between the small aortic annulus and LAA tertiles, but a higher rate of moderate-to-severe pa

32 reproducible boundary between the atrium and LAA needed to obtain LAA metrics useful for procedure pl

33 imaging assessment, dogs were euthanized and LAA was examined for device healing, migration, perforat

34 and lipophilic antioxidant activity (HAA and LAA) in vitro, were evaluated.

35 ug/100g pasta f.w.), and the highest HAA and LAA.

36 hydrophilic antioxidant activity (HAA), and LAA by 12.5%, 10.0%, 12.6%, 23.7%, 14.1%, 11.9%, and 18.

37 Anatomic maps of LA and LAA stasis and velocity were calculated to quantify atri

38 (P<0.01) and 3.0-fold (P<0.02) in the LA and LAA, respectively.

39 increased O2*- production in both the LA and LAA.

40 ly variable flow dynamics in both the LA and LAA.

41 unction, limited to the left atrium (LA) and LAA and manifest as reduced nitric oxide (NO*) productio

42 o difference or correlation between PAPm and LAA% (rho = 0.12; P = 0.33).

43 ation underwent TEE before the procedure and LAA assessment by ICE.

44 both %LAA-950insp (R(2) = 0.75 vs 0.46) and %LAA-910exp (R(2) = 0.83 vs 0.63).

45 At univariate analysis, %LAA-950insp and %LAA-910exp values higher than the mean value of this coh

46 Conversely, %LAA-950insp and %LAA-910exp values lower than the mean value were correla

47 multivariate models including age, sex, and %LAA-950, lobe-specific measurements of BV5/TBV were dire

48 easurement of CT indices like BWT, WAP, and %LAA can reliably categorise COPD into phenotypes like em

49 laser-assisted fluorescent-dye angiography (LAA) to assess perfusion in the gastric graft and to cor

50 houlder angle (CSA), lateral acromial angle (LAA), acromiohumeral distance (AHD), and acromion index

51 Several leukemia-associated antigens (LAAs) have now been identified and validated for their p

52 s specific for leukemia-associated antigens (LAAs) is thought to mediate, at least in part, the curat

53 test pacing from the left atrial appendage (LAA) at 5% or 50% greater than the sinus rate.

54 ion of thrombi in the left atrial appendage (LAA) before ablation for atrial fibrillation.

55 tudy investigated the left atrial appendage (LAA) by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance

56 afety and efficacy of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) pat

57 surgical technique of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is most successful by assessing them with t

58 fficacy and safety of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure via a percutaneous LAA ligation approach.

59 Randomized trials of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure with the Watchman device have shown varying

60 ical isolation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) could improve success at follow-up.

61 plete ligation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) during mitral valve surgery.

62 Left atrial appendage (LAA) electric isolation is reported to improve persisten

63 rief episode of AF on left atrial appendage (LAA) emptying velocity is unknown.

64 valuate the impact of left atrial appendage (LAA) exclusion on short-term outcomes in patients with a

65 left atrial (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA) flow dynamics in patients with atrial fibrillation

66 at 6 months to assess left atrial appendage (LAA) function were included in this analysis.

67 The left atrial appendage (LAA) has been identified as a predominant source of thro

68 The left atrial appendage (LAA) is an underestimated site of initiation of atrial f

69 ctic exclusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) is often performed during cardiac surgery ostensibl

70 The left atrial appendage (LAA) is the source of the vast majority of these thrombo

71 Electric left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation (LAAI) may occur during catheter ablation

72 Transcatheter left atrial appendage (LAA) ligation may represent an alternative to oral antic

73 Left atrial appendage (LAA) ligation with the Lariat device is being used for s

74 Percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion and novel pharmacological therapies are n

75 fibrillation (NVAF), left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion was noninferior to warfarin for stroke pr

76 Left atrial appendage (LAA) procedures have been developed to isolate the LAA f

77 impact of incomplete left atrial appendage (LAA) sealing and consequent peri-device residual blood f

78 with left atrial (LA)/left atrial appendage (LAA) spontaneous echo contrast, sludge, and thrombus.

79 to be associated with left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi.

80 sively to emboli from left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi.

81 The left atrial appendage (LAA) was snap-frozen in situ after pacing (640 bpm) for

82 nsional images of the left atrial appendage (LAA).

83 fied by the ratio of PVfast to LA appendage (LAA) AF CL.

84 mined using percentage low attenuation area (LAA).

85 ons and percentage of low attenuation area (%LAA) on computed tomographic scans.

86 CT emphysema % low-attenuation areas (%LAA) and standardized measure for AWT (AWT-Pi10) were ma

87 mechanism into large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardio-embolism (CE), small-vessel occlusion (SVO)

88 s was high for large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardioembolism (CE), and stroke of undetermined ae

89 AI as Locus of Adhesion and Autoaggregation (LAA).

90 ng risk scores, follow-up interval, baseline LAA volume, or morphology.

91 During sinus rhythm, the baseline LAA emptying velocity was measured 5 times and averaged.

92 significant associations were found between %LAA and cancer and lung cancer mortality.

93 er adjustment for treatment allocation bias, LAA closure during routine cardiac surgery was significa

94 er than single multivariate regression both %LAA-950insp (R(2) = 0.75 vs 0.46) and %LAA-910exp (R(2)

95 laced in an area of less robust perfusion by LAA (2% vs 45%, P < 0.0001).

96 fferent morphologies were used to categorize LAA: Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower.

97 1-year TEE (n = 65), there was 98% complete LAA closure, including the patients with previous leaks.

98 t-ligation, 95% of the patients had complete LAA closure by TEE.

99 Concomitant LAA electric isolation and occlusion as part of conventi

100 For all 15 controls, LAA mean and peak velocities were consistently lower (by

101 Conversely, %LAA-950insp and %LAA-910exp values lower than the mean v

102 either spontaneous or electrical conversion, LAA emptying velocity was measured immediately on resump

103 ss, larger CSA, decreased AHD, and decreased LAA than their control counterparts.

104 d TEE was obtained (both techniques detected LAA thrombus in 2 patients and excluded LAA thrombus in

105 onance imaging (MRI) to categorize different LAA morphologies and to correlate the morphology with th

106 The distribution of different LAA morphologies was Cactus (278 [30%]), Chicken Wing (4

107 ong never smokers, except that differential %LAA in childhood-onset asthma were not seen in them.

108 erventions such as occlusion and to evaluate LAA flow for thrombogenic risk analysis.

109 In an exploratory study, we evaluated LAA 3-dimensional geometry via computed tomographic scan

110 cted LAA thrombus in 2 patients and excluded LAA thrombus in the remaining patients).

111 nant LAA (residual stump >1 cm), or excluded LAA with persistent flow into the LAA were identified as

112 0insp) and less than -910 HU at expiration (%LAA-910exp) obtained with single univariate and multivar

113 a patient taking dabigatran, and $27 003 for LAA occlusion.

114 s medium aortic annulus tertile, P=0.035 for LAA versus small aortic annulus tertile).

115 isted in multivariable analysis (P=0.048 for LAA versus medium aortic annulus tertile, P=0.035 for LA

116 maging from pulmonary artery is accurate for LAA visualization.

117 hemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage for LAA closure and medical anticoagulation.

118 nd to identify the optimal ICE placement for LAA visualization.

119 the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for LAA occlusion was $41 565.

120 n ablation; however, it can also be used for LAA imaging.

121 icted CD8(+) T-cell populations specific for LAAs that are over-expressed in myeloid leukemias.

122 significant (P < 0.005) after adjusting for %LAA-950.

123 We found LAA thrombus to be present in 28 of 68 patients (41%) wi

124 radient vector occurred during recovery from LAA pacing, was more marked at rapid pacing rates, and m

125 number of events in certain subgroups (e.g., LAA), which could have led to insufficient power to dete

126 dulthood also was associated with a greater %LAA (1.69% and 4.30%, respectively; P < .001).

127 mong asthmatic patients who smoked, greater %LAA in later life.

128 ty mask method with a threshold of -950 HU (%LAA-950).

129 The nature of some important LAAs, their efficacy in current preliminary clinical vac

130 A similar 3.0-fold (P<0.01) increase in LAA O2*- production was observed using a cytochrome C re

131 ties contributed to the observed increase in LAA O2*- production.

132 al tissue homogenates confirmed increases in LAA NAD(P)H oxidase (P=0.04) and xanthine oxidase (P=0.0

133 Incomplete LAA ligation after Lariat is common.

134 phageal echocardiography detected incomplete LAA ligation in 18 of 50 (36%) patients.

135 n contrast, lower LAA velocity and increased LAA stasis were only found in a fraction (38 of 60) of A

136 on values less than -950 HU at inspiration (%LAA-950insp) and less than -910 HU at expiration (%LAA-9

137 Intraoperative LAA was used to assess graft perfusion in 150 consecutiv

138 Intraprocedural LAA reconnection occurred in 17 of 20 (85%) patients, pr

139 ty in detecting left atrial/LA appendage (LA/LAA) thrombi.

140 of cardiac computed tomography assessing LA/LAA thrombi in comparison with TEE.

141 25%/68% for LA/LAA stasis and 38%/60% for LA/LAA peak velocities.

142 ted flow in the normal range: 25%/68% for LA/LAA stasis and 38%/60% for LA/LAA peak velocities.

143 No patient with a CHADS(2) score of 0 had LA/LAA sludge/thrombus.

144 The prevalence of LA/LAA sludge/thrombus in patients with AF undergoing a pre

145 or clinical trials assessing detection of LA/LAA thrombi by cardiac computed tomography when compared

146 The incidence of LA/LAA thrombi was 8.9% (SD, +/-7).

147 e alternative to TEE for the detection of LA/LAA thrombi/clot, avoiding the discomfort and risks asso

148 The prevalence of LA/LAA thrombus, sludge, and spontaneous echo contrast were

149 The prevalence of LA/LAA thrombus/sludge increased with ascending CHADS(2) sc

150 ban (UAA), rural/remote (RAA), and landfill (LAA) ambient air samples, as well as in situ surface flu

151 In contrast, lower LAA velocity and increased LAA stasis were only found in

152 useful for procedure planning and measuring LAA function.

153 In the control group, no LAA thrombus was detected and no stroke occurred (P<0.00

154 At long-term follow-up, patients with normal LAA function did not experience any stroke events.

155 between the atrium and LAA needed to obtain LAA metrics useful for procedure planning and measuring

156 and analyzed to estimate the association of LAA closure with early postoperative atrial fibrillation

157 ective, nonrandomized study was conducted of LAA closure with the Watchman device in 150 patients wit

158 The correlation of LAA volumes for each time frame of each patient was dete

159 Proof of effectiveness of LAA closure devices in a midterm follow-up period.

160 d survival, costs, and cost effectiveness of LAA closure with Watchman, compared directly with warfar

161 Data on effectiveness of LAA exclusion devices is lacking in patients ineligible

162 illation; however, the cost-effectiveness of LAA occlusion compared with dabigatran and warfarin in p

163 ted the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of LAA electric isolation and occlusion in patients undergo

164 udy was to assess the safety and efficacy of LAA occlusion for stroke prevention in patients with NVA

165 safely and effectively for the evaluation of LAA in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation.

166 In this initial multicenter experience of LAA ligation with the Lariat device, the rate of acute c

167 However, the clinical impact of LAA closure in humans remains inconclusive.

168 fter LAAI, an unexpectedly high incidence of LAA thrombus formation and stroke was observed despite O

169 This study evaluated the incidence of LAA thrombus formation and thromboembolic events after L

170 However, loss of LAA mechanical function may increase thromboembolic risk

171 Moreover, upon mutagenesis of LAA at the C terminus in native DesA3 to either of these

172 and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of LAA occlusion in relation to dabigatran and warfarin in

173 sA3 having the native C-terminal sequence of LAA, which apparently serves as a binding determinant fo

174 Several surgical techniques of LAA closure are used to theoretically reduce the stroke

175 The use of LAA may contribute to reduced anastomotic morbidity.

176 were morphologically similar to the original LAA, albeit significantly smaller in volume (22.5+/-13.3

177 Patent LAA, remnant LAA (residual stump >1 cm), or excluded LAA

178 In the remaining 47 patients, LAA thrombus was identified on transesophageal echocardi

179 In the remaining patients, LAA firing was not ablated (n=43; group 1).

180 way remodeling and low lung area percentage (LAA%) to quantify emphysema extent.

181 Percutaneous LAA devices are associated with high rates of procedure-

182 Percutaneous LAA occlusion represents a novel therapy for stroke redu

183 l appendage (LAA) closure via a percutaneous LAA ligation approach.

184 efits and harms of surgical and percutaneous LAA exclusion procedures.

185 During percutaneous LAA closure for stroke prophylaxis, the geometric variab

186 A novel implanted device for percutaneous LAA transcatheter occlusion (PLAATO) has been designed t

187 serious harms with a variety of percutaneous LAA procedures.

188 AF at elevated risk for stroke, percutaneous LAA closure met criteria for both noninferiority and sup

189 ound low-strength evidence that percutaneous LAA exclusion confers similar risks of stroke and mortal

190 ood flow in patients undergoing percutaneous LAA closure with the Watchman device (Atritech, Inc., Pl

191 at 1 day, 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year post-LAA ligation.

192 The TEE at 6 months revealed preserved LAA velocity, contractility, and consistent A waves in 3

193 tion period, all 336 patients with preserved LAA function were off OAC.

194 Using data from PREVAIL, LAA closure was dominated by warfarin and dabigatran, me

195 iconvulsant activity, orthogonally protected LAAs were synthesized in which the Lys side chain was co

196 PVfast/LAA ratio <69% predicted AF termination after PV isolati

197 Within the termination group, PVfast/LAA ratios were notably lower if AF terminated after PV

198 er than the LAA CL resulting in lower PVfast/LAA ratios compared with the nontermination group (71+/-

199 gs was achieved in most patients with PVfast/LAA ratios <69% as opposed to the remaining population (

200 bypass graft surgery, 7.0% of whom received LAA closure.

201 on of either apocyanin or oxypurinol reduced LAA O2*-, implying that NADPH and xanthine oxidases both

202 We hypothesized that reduced LAA NO* levels observed in AF may be associated with inc

203 e identity and nature of clinically relevant LAA-specific CD8(+) T-cell populations have proven diffi

204 Remarkably, LAA-specific CD8(+) T-cell populations, regardless of fi

205 Patent LAA, remnant LAA (residual stump >1 cm), or excluded LAA with persist

206 However, the remodeled LAA cavity is dramatically reduced.

207 Furthermore, bone marrow-resident LAA-specific CD8(+) T cells frequently engaged cognate a

208 Three of 85 patients had a </= 2-mm residual LAA leak by TEE color Doppler evaluation.

209 , 10 patients (32%) had recanalized residual LAA cavities, which were morphologically similar to the

210 Successful LAA closure occurred more often with excision (73%) than

211 ve (96%) of 89 patients underwent successful LAA ligation.

212 At time of TEE, 6 patients with successful LAA closure (11%) and 12 with unsuccessful closure (15%)

213 Surgical LAA ligation is frequently incomplete.

214 Although surgical LAA exclusion during heart surgery does not seem to add

215 There is low-strength evidence that surgical LAA exclusion does not add significant harm during heart

216 137 of 2,546 patients who underwent surgical LAA closure from 1993 to 2004 had a TEE after surgery.

217 s a high occurrence of unsuccessful surgical LAA closure.

218 s tertile, and large aortic annulus tertile [LAA], respectively) as measured by transthoracic echocar

219 This trial provides additional data that LAA occlusion is a reasonable alternative to warfarin th

220 Atrial Fibrillation) trial demonstrated that LAA closure with the Watchman device (Boston Scientific,

221 vailable in the NCBI database indicates that LAA PAI is exclusively present in a subset of emerging L

222 The LAA appears to be responsible for arrhythmias in 27% of

223 The LAA of cuff-tear patients was significantly different fr

224 The LAA was occluded in all cases.

225 The LAA was properly visualized in 56 of 64 (87.5%) patients

226 defining a reproducible boundary between the LAA and the left atrium.

227 To study the relationship between the LAA structure and anticonvulsant activity, orthogonally

228 echanical approaches designed to exclude the LAA from the circulation have recently been developed.

229 ty-six patients (27%) showed firing from the LAA and became the study population.

230 e report the prevalence of triggers from the LAA and the best strategy for successful ablation.

231 surements included color Doppler flow in the LAA and interrogation for thrombus.

232 erapy to eliminate thrombus formation in the LAA has been the standard of care for several decades, b

233 evere paravalvular leaks was observed in the LAA tertile (5.9% versus 11.5%; P=0.009).

234 Patients in the LAA tertile had a higher mortality rate at 1-year follow

235 In the LAA tertile, there were no differences in the rate of pr

236 follow-up study, the device remained in the LAA, with benign healing and no evidence of new thrombus

237 r stroke, with 90% of clots occurring in the LAA.

238 s had intraprocedural residual flow into the LAA (leak).

239 cate that residual peri-device flow into the LAA after percutaneous closure with the Watchman device

240 Residual leaks into the LAA are commonly reported after the procedure.

241 r excluded LAA with persistent flow into the LAA were identified as unsuccessful closure.

242 rocedures have been developed to isolate the LAA from circulating blood flow, as an alternative to OA

243 (8.7%; 5 paroxysmal, 81 nonparoxysmal), the LAA was found to be the only source of arrhythmia with n

244 tion sequence to percutaneous closure of the LAA and subsequent discontinuation of warfarin (interven

245 patients underwent cardiac CT or MRI of the LAA and were screened for history of TIA/stroke.

246 Isolation of the LAA could achieve freedom from atrial fibrillation in pa

247 cy and safety of percutaneous closure of the LAA for prevention of stroke compared with warfarin trea

248 nd efficacy of transcatheter ligation of the LAA for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation.

249 f the circular catheter at the ostium of the LAA guided by intracardiac echocardiography (167 patient

250 LSPAF, empirical electrical isolation of the LAA improved long-term freedom from atrial arrhythmias w

251 Exclusion of the LAA is believed to decrease the risk of embolic stroke.

252 ertain whether prophylactic exclusion of the LAA is warranted for stroke prevention during non-atrial

253 the hormonal and hemodynamic effects of the LAA may increase the therapeutic benefit of this procedu

254 Closure of the LAA might provide an alternative strategy to chronic war

255 Diminished cavity size and tightening of the LAA orifice may play a role in the reduction of thrombus

256 rophylaxis, the geometric variability of the LAA ostium may result in an incomplete seal of the LAA.

257 Classification of the LAA ostium using a stepwise procedure identifying the co

258 the reproducibility of the definition of the LAA ostium, 3 observers analyzed all time frames in each

259 t that varying the length or polarity of the LAA residue adjacent to positively charged amino acid re

260 Ligation of the LAA to prevent future thromboembolic events is commonly

261 lled to undergo percutaneous ligation of the LAA with the LARIAT device.

262 The efficacy of percutaneous closure of the LAA with this device was non-inferior to that of warfari

263 tium may result in an incomplete seal of the LAA.

264 ent mitral valve surgery and ligation of the LAA.

265 suture that is guided epicardially over the LAA.

266 In each patient, the LAA ostium was defined at multiple time points during th

267 usion (PLAATO) has been designed to seal the LAA.

268 oup, the PVfast CL was much shorter than the LAA CL resulting in lower PVfast/LAA ratios compared wit

269 , and even patients randomly assigned to the LAA closure arm received concomitant warfarin for 6 week

270 A PLAATO implant was delivered to the LAA through a 12F transseptal catheter in 25 dogs.

271 The %LAA-950 was inversely related to all calculated vascular

272 red, but changing the pacing site from RA to LAA altered the P and Ta waves.

273 Transcatheter LAA occlusion is simple and feasible.

274 the feasibility and safety of transcatheter LAA occlusion in dogs.

275 Using data from the PROTECT AF trial, LAA closure with the Watchman device was cost effective;

276 In this trial, LAA occlusion was noninferior to warfarin for ischemic s

277 andomly assigned (in a 2:1 ratio) to undergo LAA occlusion and subsequent discontinuation of warfarin

278 ter study of consecutive patients undergoing LAA ligation with the Lariat device at 8 U.S. sites.

279 early POAF among the patients who underwent LAA closure was 68.6% versus 31.9% for those who did not

280 ation area less than -950 Hounsfield units (%LAA-950), local histogram-based measures of distinct CT

281 in 28 of 68 patients (41%) with unsuccessful LAA exclusion versus none with excision.

282 intraoperative perfusion was assessed using LAA before bringing the graft up through the mediastinum

283 The presence of various LAAs or Lys(MPEG(4)) did not affect the receptor binding

284 these still were lower in PREVAIL (Watchman LAA Closure Device in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

285 ective Randomized Evaluation of the Watchman LAA Closure Device In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

286 ective Randomized Evaluation of the WATCHMAN LAA Closure Device In Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

287 d trial, PREVAIL (Evaluation of the WATCHMAN LAA Closure Device in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

288 ective Randomized Evaluation of the Watchman LAA Closure Device in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

289 nsistently lower (by 21%/12%; P<0.001) while LAA stasis was higher (by 58%; P<0.001) compared with th

290 From the right atrium, the whole LAA cavity could not be seen in any patient.

291 In those patients in whom LAA was visualized properly by ICE, a perfect agreement

292 Patients with Chicken Wing LAA morphology are less likely to have an embolic event

293 ative real-time assessment of perfusion with LAA correlated with the likelihood of an anastomotic lea

294 provide some evidence that vaccination with LAAs might confer protective immunity to leukemia and of

295 bjects with %LAA less than 3 died, 18% with %LAA 3-10 and 44% with %LAA greater than or equal to 10 d

296 han 3 died, 18% with %LAA 3-10 and 44% with %LAA greater than or equal to 10 died.

297 Subjects with %LAA greater than or equal to 10 had 33 and 37 months sho

298 Although 4% of the subjects with %LAA less than 3 died, 18% with %LAA 3-10 and 44% with %L

299 artery bypass graft repair with and without LAA ligation by using International Classification of Di

300 d of $50 000 per quality-adjusted life year, LAA closure was cost effective 90% and 9% of the time un