ライフサイエンスコーパス: RALDH

1 RALDH 1 immunoreactivity was localized to sustentacular

2 RALDH 1, 2, and 3 mRNAs were detected in postnatal rat o

3 RALDH 2 did not colocalize with RALDH 1, but appeared to

4 RALDH activity in DCs can be induced by TLR2 ligands, su

5 RALDH activity was up-regulated in all 3 populations of

6 RALDH mutant mice also have reduced contractility in the

7 RALDH-2 and CYP26, two key enzymes that carry out retino

8 RALDH-2-IR indicates dynamic and discrete patterns of re

9 genase, named retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (RALDH-2).

10 Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (RALDH-2) is a major retinoic acid generating enzyme in t

11 In addition, RALDH-3 is found in a small population of basal cells in

12 of ATRA, we have generated mice lacking all RALDH activities in the seminiferous epithelium (SE).

13 Vitamin A deficiency altered RALDH 1, but not RALDH 2 protein expression.

14 LP (differentially catalyzed by RALDH 1 and RALDH 2) at sites that could influence the development,

15 zed to RALDH 1(+) sites in the OE and LP and RALDH 2(+) sites, primarily surrounding nerve fiber bund

16 -beta and retinal dehydrogenases (RALDH1 and RALDH 2) under steady-state conditions and that their sa

17 rat olfactory tissue by RT-PCR analysis, but RALDH 1 and 2 transcripts were predominant.

18 d underlying LP (differentially catalyzed by RALDH 1 and RALDH 2) at sites that could influence the d

19 ynthesized in the postnatal OE (catalyzed by RALDH 1) and underlying LP (differentially catalyzed by

20 tiation depends upon the ATRA synthesized by RALDH inside the SE, whereas initiation of meiosis and e

21 ibit strong RALDH-2-IR in the embryo contain RALDH-2 and synthesize retinoic acid.

22 ate a novel activity of 4-1BB in controlling RALDH expression and the regulatory activity of DC.

23 RA-synthesizing retinaldehyde dehydrogenase RALDH-2, is likely to represent a diffusion source of RA

24 ogenase activity, rat retinal dehydrogenase (RALDH) 1 and RALDH2.

25 lerance by expressing retinal dehydrogenase (RALDH), an enzyme that promotes retinoic acid, which aid

26 in C57Bl/6 and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) 1 knockout (KO) mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet.

27 Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) activity was assessed by Aldefluor assay, and ALD

28 s the synthetic retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes and it is currently thought that switchin

29 f cytokines and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes in ileum samples, DCs, and IECs by real-t

30 fy and localize retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) expression in postnatal rat OE to gain a better u

31 egative regulator of retinal dehydrogenases (RALDH), the enzymes responsible for RA synthesis.

32 hesized by two retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDH) present in both Sertoli cells (SCs) and germ cell

33 d enzymes, the retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDH), and binds to and activates nuclear RA receptors

34 c enzymes, the retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDH).

35 eport the immunolocalization of this enzyme (RALDH-2-IR) in stage 6-29 chicken embryos; we also show

36 ression of the major RA-synthesizing enzyme, RALDH-2 and activation of a RARE-lacZ transgene.

37 ons at all levels of the spinal cord exhibit RALDH-2-IR.

38 Cervical presomitic mesoderm exhibits RALDH-2-IR but thoracic presomitic mesoderm does not.

39 the brachial and lumbar cord regions express RALDH-2-IR.

40 Limb region mesoderm expressed RALDH-2, whereas the overlying limb ectoderm expressed C

41 Regions expressing RALDH-2 generated RA efficiently from precursor retinal

42 measured biochemically in regions expressing RALDH-2 or CYP26.

43 H 1, but appeared to be expressed in GFAP(-)/RALDH 1(-) OECs as well as in unidentified structures in

44 macrophages from healthy human intestine had RALDH activity.

45 How RALDH expression is regulated is unclear.

46 soderm expresses little RALDH-2-IR; however, RALDH-2-IR is strongly expressed in tissues adjacent to

47 first, prepubertal, spermatogenic cycle (i) RALDH-dependent synthesis of RA by Sertoli cells (SC), t

48 ry T cells, a process dependent on increased RALDH activity.

49 es to reduce to various degrees AMPK-induced RALDH activity as well as the tolerogenic capacity of mo

50 repressor, which appears to directly inhibit RALDH expression in DCs, thus providing mechanistic insi

51 of PGE2 during DC differentiation inhibited RALDH expression in mouse and human DCs, abrogating thei

52 type of metaplastic respiratory cell that is RALDH(-) and secretes a mucin-like mucus barrier protein

53 he developing limb mesoderm expresses little RALDH-2-IR; however, RALDH-2-IR is strongly expressed in

54 H activity, and ligation of 4-1BB maintained RALDH expression in these gut DC.

55 sight into how PGE2 signaling down-modulates RALDH.

56 During gastrulation and neurulation RALDH-2 and CYP26 were expressed in nonoverlapping regio

57 itamin A deficiency altered RALDH 1, but not RALDH 2 protein expression.

58 or SREBP-1c downregulated the expression of RALDH genes, which could be rescued by re-expressing SRE

59 Motor neuronal expression of RALDH-2-IR is present in the growing axons as they exten

60 ng PGE2 signaling increased the frequency of RALDH(+) DCs in vitro, and reducing PGE2 synthesis in vi

61 eric lymph node DC with the highest level of RALDH activity, and ligation of 4-1BB maintained RALDH e

62 st cells do not express detectable levels of RALDH-2, but migrating crest cells are associated with R

63 neurons do not express detectable levels of RALDH-2-IR.

64 Expression patterns of RALDH-2 and CYP26 genes were determined in the early chi

65 njury-induced and age-related replacement of RALDH(-) supporting cells with RALDH1(+) ciliated respir

66 imb region, a similar spatial segregation of RALDH-2 and CYP26 expression was found at stages 14 and

67 lysates resulted in a robust upregulation of RALDH activity.

68 not expressed by DCs, it was the predominant RALDH enzyme isoform expressed by intestinal CD14(+) mac

69 RESULTS; RALDH2 was the predominant RALDH transcript in the choroid (> 100-fold that of RALD

70 acterial/fungal pathogens in the gut promote RALDH activity in MDDCs, especially in CD16(+) MDDCs, an

71 ith those through TLR2 or GM-CSFR to promote RALDH activity in undifferentiated DC.

72 istochemistry on the embryonic trunk reveals RALDH-2 mRNA both in mesoderm and neuroectoderm, with hi

73 Expression in COS cells shows RALDH-2 to be highly effective in oxidation of retinalde

74 Prior to somitogenesis, RALDH-2-IR is present in the paraxial mesoderm with a ro

75 e also show that tissues that exhibit strong RALDH-2-IR in the embryo contain RALDH-2 and synthesize

76 te; as the somites form, they exhibit strong RALDH-2-IR.

77 assical CD16(-) monocytes exhibited superior RALDH activity and higher capacity to transmit HIV infec

78 itic cells (DCs) exhibiting RA-synthesizing (RALDH) activity.

79 We show here that RALDH-1, -2, and -3 are enriched in the sustentacular ce

80 e strong support for CYP1B1 being one of the RALDH-independent components by which embryos direct RA-

81 re expressed in the epithelium overlying the RALDH-3 expressing fibroblasts of the lamina propria.

82 vitro assay, addition of recombinant CRBP to RALDH-2 increased RA synthesis from retinaldehyde, with

83 de binding protein (CRBP I) was localized to RALDH 1(+) sites in the OE and LP and RALDH 2(+) sites,

84 d that bacterial/fungal pathogens triggering RALDH activity in DCs fuel HIV reservoir establishment/o

85 ansmitted HIV infection to these T cells via RALDH/RA-dependent mechanisms.

86 ng HIV reservoir establishment/outgrowth via RALDH/RA-dependent mechanisms that may be therapeuticall

87 ient mesenteric lymph node DC displayed weak RALDH activity and were poor at promoting iTreg developm

88 ut migrating crest cells are associated with RALDH-2 expressing mesoderm.

89 RALDH 2 did not colocalize with RALDH 1, but appeared to be expressed in GFAP(-)/RALDH 1

90 binding protein (CRABP II) colocalized with RALDH 1.

91 re expressed in nonoverlapping regions, with RALDH-2 transcripts localized to the presumptive presomi