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1 al sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2).
2 otransporter sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2).
3 bsorption is sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2).
4 re potent and highly selective inhibitors of SGLT2.
5 ng the sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT2), a protein targeted pharmacologically to increase
7 e-associated protein (MAP17), that increased SGLT2 activity in RNA-injected Xenopus oocytes by two or
9 sodium/glucose cotransporter 2-encoding gene SGLT2 (also known as SLC5A2) in the family that segregat
13 ing that this nephron segment also expresses SGLT2 and that the kidneys and intestine show significan
14 e injected i.v. into wild-type, Sglt1(-/-) , Sglt2(-/-) and Glut2(-/-) mice and their dynamic whole-b
17 hrough the Na(+)-coupled glucose transporter SGLT2, and specific inhibitors of SGLT2 are now availabl
19 T2 expression at the protein level, the anti-SGLT2 antibody was first rigorously evaluated for specif
20 ransporter SGLT2, and specific inhibitors of SGLT2 are now available to patients with diabetes to inc
21 nhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) are a novel class of antidiabetes drugs, and memb
22 xperiments showed that NHE3 colocalizes with SGLT2 but not SGLT1 in the rat renal proximal tubule.
23 ent without any identifiable mutation in the SGLT2 coding gene (SLC5A2) displayed homozygosity for a
24 (i) immunohistochemical mapping of SGLT1 and SGLT2 distribution in tumors; (ii) measurement of glucos
25 nhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such dru
26 esized that interindividual heterogeneity in SGLT2 expression and regulation may affect glucagon secr
28 gliflozin treatment had no effect on Agt and Sglt2 expression in HK-2 and in RPTCs of wild-type mice
31 ed, whereas sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (Sglt2) expression was down-regulated in RPTs of both mal
33 rter protein sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) has emerged as a promising way to control blood g
35 l hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp after SGLT2-I treatment, E-Rd increased by normalizing glucose
38 a is freely filtered by the kidney, binds to SGLT2 in the apical membranes of the early proximal tubu
46 he metabolic adaptations that are induced by SGLT2 inhibition are similar to those observed in aestiv
51 s are now investigating the potential use of SGLT2 inhibition in patients who have HF with and withou
52 wering, we also explore the potential use of SGLT2 inhibition in patients without T2D with HF or at r
53 otential mechanisms of beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibition in the progression of diabetic renal di
59 -Reduced, we aimed to estimate the effect of SGLT2 inhibition on fatal and non-fatal heart failure ev
67 abetes mellitus and coronary artery disease, SGLT2 inhibition with empagliflozin was associated with
68 n in patients with type 2 diabetes following SGLT2 inhibition, despite an overall decrease in fasting
69 may influence the glucose-lowering effect of SGLT2 inhibition, we subjected 12 patients with type 2 d
70 fuel switches that occur during therapeutic SGLT2 inhibition, we suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors induc
77 showed that sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition reduced the combined risk of cardiovas
79 rate was lower among patients prescribed an SGLT2 inhibitor (4.9 events per 1000 person-years) than
84 e report analyses of renal outcomes with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 car
86 n 58) studied the efficacy and safety of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin versus placebo in 17 160 p
87 the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide and the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin with exenatide or dapaglif
88 blood pressure and glycaemic effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin with placebo in patients w
93 iven by findings for empagliflozin (the only SGLT2 inhibitor for which data from a dedicated long-ter
94 Adults with type 2 diabetes prescribed an SGLT2 inhibitor had a lower rate of gout than those pres
99 the crucial role for selecting patients for SGLT2 inhibitor therapy and highlight several crucial qu
101 tes and a broad cardiovascular risk profile, SGLT2 inhibitor use was associated with reduced cardiova
103 ons with type 2 diabetes newly prescribed an SGLT2 inhibitor were 1:1 propensity score matched to pat
104 el glucose lowering agent, empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor which targets the kidney to block glucos
106 ogical therapy (ARNI, beta blocker, MRA, and SGLT2 inhibitor) versus conventional therapy (ACE inhibi
107 2 years after the FDA's first approval of an SGLT2 inhibitor, although the phenomenon had been known
108 ey disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo.
109 thod is demonstrated by the synthesis of the SGLT2 inhibitor, canagliflozin (1a), from commercially a
111 the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, with glimepiride in patients with type
113 ucose with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor could improve insulin-mediated tissue g
114 hypoglycemic sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin and the insulin sensitize
115 onse to the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin, which has been shown to
117 nt with the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin reduced albuminuria in pa
118 iflozin, the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on renal hemodynamics and tubular func
122 nital tract infections were more common with SGLT2 inhibitors (odds ratios, 1.42 [CI, 1.06 to 1.90] a
123 kely than White individuals to be prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.39-0.65; p < 0.001)
125 tes mellitus and chronic heart failure), but SGLT2 inhibitors activate SIRT1/PGC-1alpha/FGF21 signali
129 way, sodium-related physiological effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and clinical correlates of natriuresis,
130 e on the cardiorenal protective effects with SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients
131 Patients were divided into new users of SGLT2 inhibitors and new users of other glucose-lowering
132 onsistent with data from clinical studies on SGLT2 inhibitors and provide a rationale for the mode of
134 hanism underlying the cardiorenal effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and summarizes clinical trial evidence
135 summarize the key pharmacodynamic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and the clinical evidence that support
136 ntify significant differences between use of SGLT2 inhibitors and use of other glucose-lowering drugs
138 clinical trials, large clinical trials with SGLT2 inhibitors are now investigating the potential use
140 he way towards the development of carbasugar SGLT2 inhibitors as potential antidiabetic/antitumor age
142 55 unique cases of FG in patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors between 1 March 2013 and 31 January 201
143 e adenocarcinomas, and provide evidence that SGLT2 inhibitors block glucose uptake and reduce tumor g
144 synthetic route towards some small-molecule SGLT2 inhibitors by a chemo- and diastereospecific palla
146 r government regulators nor manufacturers of SGLT2 inhibitors evinced an awareness of this extensive
148 idence and safety data related to the use of SGLT2 inhibitors for cardiovascular and renal protection
149 1.73 m(2) To clarify and support the role of SGLT2 inhibitors for treatment of T2DM and CKD, the Nati
150 However, the clinical usage of carbasugar SGLT2 inhibitors has been underexplored, due to the leng
151 s may not be limited to diabetes management: SGLT2 inhibitors have also shown therapeutic promise in
153 t of SGLT2 to prevent renal glucose wasting, SGLT2 inhibitors have been developed to treat diabetes a
154 Preclinical studies and clinical trials of SGLT2 inhibitors have consistently demonstrated reductio
155 ar outcome trials in patients with diabetes, SGLT2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular and renal outcom
158 rmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of SGLT2 inhibitors in clinical trials and examine possible
159 en done to assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in combination with insulin therapy in
162 rong rationale to expect benefit from use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes at hig
163 ls designed to demonstrate the CVD safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), con
165 herapeutic SGLT2 inhibition, we suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors induce aestivation-like metabolic patte
166 produced, it is important to understand why SGLT2 inhibitors inhibit <50% of the filtered glucose lo
170 ide decrease in environmental nutrients, but SGLT2 inhibitors may also upregulate SIRT1, PGC-1alpha,
171 ketogenic nutrient deprivation signaling by SGLT2 inhibitors may explain their cardioprotective effe
172 ure and diabetic glomerular hyperfiltration, SGLT2 inhibitors may induce protective effects on the ki
174 ome evidence that the proportional effect of SGLT2 inhibitors might attenuate with declining kidney f
176 ociated ketosis and the ketogenic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors occur almost entirely independent of gl
178 large-scale trials assessing the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in patients
179 y physiology predicts the salutary effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on hard renal outcomes, as shown in lar
181 w and meta-analysis to assess the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on major kidney outcomes in patients wi
182 nately, these benefits are not without risk: SGLT2 inhibitors predispose to euglycemic ketoacidosis i
183 ucose-dependent and -independent mechanisms: SGLT2 inhibitors prevent both hyper- and hypoglycemia, w
195 , cardiovascular or kidney outcome trials of SGLT2 inhibitors that reported effects on major kidney o
196 e substantive evidence supporting the use of SGLT2 inhibitors to prevent major kidney outcomes in peo
197 a signaling; this can explain the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors to promote ketonemia and erythrocytosis
198 fraction may be mitigated by the actions of SGLT2 inhibitors to reduce blood pressure, body weight,
199 ute importantly to the consistent benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors to slow the deterioration in glomerular
200 ecursors was synthesized and tested as SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors using a cell-based fluorescence assay o
201 ular mortality and morbidity in new users of SGLT2 inhibitors versus new users of other glucose-lower
202 ed with other glucose-lowering drugs, use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with a decreased risk of
203 ed with other glucose-lowering drugs, use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with decreased risk of c
205 estions about the risk-to-benefit profile of SGLT2 inhibitors when used as adjunctive therapy in pati
207 nical practice guidelines now recommend that SGLT2 inhibitors with proven cardiovascular benefit be p
208 ealed the unexpected SAR of these carbasugar SGLT2 inhibitors, and enabled the discovery of a highly
209 ge pancreatic and prostate cancers, and that SGLT2 inhibitors, currently in use for treating diabetes
210 ynthetic route towards some novel carbasugar SGLT2 inhibitors, featuring an underexploited, regiosele
211 summarizes proposed mechanisms of action for SGLT2 inhibitors, integrates these data with results of
212 discovery of two highly selective and potent SGLT2 inhibitors, thereby paving the way towards the dev
214 ach of the beneficial and harmful effects of SGLT2 inhibitors-with the exception of their effect to l
223 met our inclusion criteria, assessing three SGLT2 inhibitors: empagliflozin (EMPA-REG OUTCOME), cana
224 ; p < 0.01), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.58-0.79; p < 0.001)
228 g effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are already established, guidance is n
230 Carbasugar sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are highly promising drug candidates f
231 agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are increasingly used as second-line a
232 2 diabetes, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are known to reduce glucose concentrat
234 istration of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors could lead to ketoacidosis in patients
235 rofile, the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors empagliflozin and canagliflozin have b
237 re recently, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have further improved disease outcomes
238 treated with sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have improved cardiovascular (CV) outc
242 implicating sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in glucagon secretion by pancreatic al
243 gon release, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors induce stimulation of endogenous gluco
245 e effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be related primarily to enhanced S
246 effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on kidney failure, particularly the ne
248 gonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce glycaemia and weight, and impro
251 own that the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a newer generation of antihyperglycem
252 a) agonists, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonis
254 ering agents-sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors-has been reported to decrease the risk
256 [ARNIs], and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 [SGLT2] inhibitors) reduce mortality in patients with hea
257 gonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 [SGLT2] inhibitors) using routinely available clinical fe
258 nfirm the physiologic relevance of the MAP17-SGLT2 interaction, we studied a cohort of 60 individuals
265 nd wild-type and Sglt1-knockout mice but not Sglt2-knockout mice, and injection of SGLT2 inhibitors p
266 tion of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) leads to substantial loss of energy (in the form
267 stantial amounts of carbohydrate into urine, SGLT2-mediated glycosuria results in a progressive shift
273 The first aim of this study was to determine SGLT2 mRNA and protein levels in human and animal models
274 dient-dependent glucose transporter protein (SGLT2) mRNA and protein expression data reported in the
276 inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-tranporter-2; SGLT2) or when the action of secreted somatostatin is pr
278 ata suggest that heterogeneous expression of SGLT2 protein and variability in glucagon secretory resp
279 on with MAP17 did not change the quantity of SGLT2 protein at the cell surface in either cell type.
280 sis of 665 human islets showed a significant SGLT2 protein colocalization with glucagon but not with
283 proach to map the distribution of functional SGLT2 proteins in rodents using positron emission tomogr
284 um-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs), SGLT1 and SGLT2, provide new therapeutic targets to reduce hypergl
285 ition of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) reduces plasma glucose by limiting glucose absorp
286 asses of antihyperglycemic agents, including SGLT2 (sodium glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors and GL
291 bsorption is primarily handled by SGLT2, and SGLT2-specific inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, cana
292 itor of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) that is marketed in United States, Europe, and ma
294 inhibitor of the kidney glucose transporter SGLT2 to lower their blood level of 1,5-anhydroglucitol
296 en overexpressed in HEK293 cells, the mutant SGLT2 transporter did not efficiently translocate to the
299 ession of the glucose transporters SGLT1 and SGLT2 under hypoxic conditions which implies a possible
300 asis for a more thorough characterization of SGLT2 which would include the possible effects of its in