ライフサイエンスコーパス: TB

1 TB patients and contacts were interviewed to identify in

2 TB programmes should ensure effective contact investigat

3 TB/DM association was significant at enrollment (odds ra

4 00 (95% uncertainty interval, 29,000-55,000) TB cases in the United States in 2020-2035.

5 Of 180 329 TB cases, 126 431 (70%) were eligible for analysis, with

6 During 2009-2018, 2764 (9.7%) of the 28,534 TB reported cases in Paraguay occurred in prisons.

7 In this study, a total of 331,594 TB cases in Zhejiang Province were notified during the p

8 roscopic images (200 x) were acquired (15.61 TB).The data set of block-face images (96.2 GB) was also

9 ith scenarios in which countries achieve 90% TB incidence reductions between 2015 and 2035, as target

10 performed substantially below targets for a TB triage test.

11 Risk factors associated with a TB diagnosis included being male (aOR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.03-

12 49 people with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and active TB commencing antiretroviral therapy, iNKT cells in TB-I

13 cted household contacts who developed active TB up to 5.25 years later, as an indication of bacterial

14 The risk of developing active TB within 2 and 5 years were estimated using TSTin3D and

15 le blood markers that can distinguish active TB from other lung diseases (OPD), and that could be fur

16 n cap epitope, is a novel analyte for active TB detection in pediatric and extrapulmonary disease.

17 ion is associated with development of active TB.

18 he 3 groups: MTB uninfected, LTBI, or active TB.

19 T-G-positive patients, culture-proven active TB was observed in 1 case.

20 ies, including risk of progression to active TB in humans.

21 s (Mtb) control during chronic but not acute TB.

22 ssociated with an increased risk for adverse TB treatment outcomes, while comorbid, poorly controlled

23 of developing TB and contributes to adverse TB treatment outcomes hence screening and integrated man

24 -15 mg/kg daily had similar activity against TB strains with inhA mutations as 5 mg/kg against drug-s

25 tibodies also have a protective role against TB.

26 servational, descriptive study including all TB cases notified to the National TB control Program in

27 In multivariable analysis, TB was associated with higher long-term mortality (hazar

28 s ignoring subnational variations in HIV and TB burden.

29 o tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB morality and TB recurrence, when being treated with metformin.

30 y correlated, but differences between SB and TB were non-significant.

31 between starting anti-TNF-alpha therapy and TB diagnosis was 13.1 (IQR, 7.1-20.3) months.

32 The annual TB notification rate among male prisoners was 3218 and 3

33 introduce a novel nanomaterial-assisted anti-TB strategy manipulating Ison@Man-Se NPs for synergistic

34 t the development of a new and improved anti-TB compound with a novel mechanism of action will reliev

35 rculosis (TB) given standard first-line anti-TB treatment indicated an increased risk of multidrug-re

36 or future efforts in the development of anti-TB drugs.

37 onary TB (PTB) and timely initiation of anti-TB therapy.

38 The median duration of anti-TB treatment was 50 (IQR, 46-66) weeks.

39 e = high bacillary load) and may approximate TB bacillary load.

40 s could have an important effect in averting TB deaths amongst PLHIV with advanced disease.

41 ntiretroviral treatment and rifampicin-based TB treatment.

42 port the potential for a buccal sample-based TB assay.

43 The association between TB and DM was assessed.

44 aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which binds TB virulence factors and controls antibacterial response

45 egion antibodies appear only during cavitary TB.

46 l accumulation during progression to chronic TB.

47 nd classified as bacteriologically-confirmed TB, clinically diagnosed TB, or other diseases.

48 mples from 123 adults with culture-confirmed TB in Lima, Peru.

49 e diagnosed with microbiologically confirmed TB, using mycobacterial culture or Xpert MTB/RIF testing

50 rospective cohort of patients with confirmed TB (Xpert MTB/RIF and/or Determine TB-LAM Ag positive) i

51 In patients with confirmed TB, BD MAX sensitivity was 93% (262/282 [95% CI, 89-95%]

52 Of 1406 skin test-positive contacts, TB developed in 49 (9.8%) of 446 who did not initiate tr

53 96 (2.1%) household contacts had coprevalent TB and 145 (1.9%) adult contacts developed incident TB w

54 420,000 (95% CrI 350,000-520,000) cumulative TB incident cases and deaths, respectively, would occur

55 id diagnostic tests which can fully describe TB resistance patterns is a major challenge in ensuring

56 confirmed TB (Xpert MTB/RIF and/or Determine TB-LAM Ag positive) identified through screening HIV-pos

57 , capturing patients <18 years who developed TB disease during anti-TNF-alpha therapy.

58 DM increases the risk of developing TB and contributes to adverse TB treatment outcomes henc

59 logically-confirmed TB, clinically diagnosed TB, or other diseases.

60 LAM may be the best strategy for diagnosing TB.

61 Strikingly, ME spread far better than did TB or TR in the presence of neutralizing antibodies on b

62 ysis are potential targets for host-directed TB control.

63 from infection to tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB morality and TB recurrence, when being treated with m

64 ed single gene candidates that distinguished TB from OPD and LTBI with high sensitivity and specifici

65 Compared to those with newly diagnosed DM, TB patients with diagnosed DM had higher BMI and HbA1c,

66 linically relevant data to manage complex DR-TB cases.

67 6-February 2018, 32 of 198 (16%) enrolled DR-TB HIV patients were identified as dual adherence-challe

68 til March 2017, all household contacts of DR-TB patients enrolled at the Indus Hospital were screened

69 atients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and limited therapeutic options, referred from other

70 at ART initiation to receive either empiric TB treatment or isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT).

71 geted by the World Health Organization's End TB Strategy ("effective global TB control").

72 We prospectively enrolled TB patients and their close contacts at 9 US/Canadian si

73 .Measurements and Main Results: We estimated TB cases, deaths, and costs and the total economic burde

74 In summary, CSE exacerbates TB pathogenesis by altering immunometabolism in mice and

75 , non-SS, and combined ATD groups in exposed TB, and were also significantly lower in SS and combined

76 regimen) for patients without extrapulmonary TB, pregnancy, a previous second-line TB medication expo

77 two or more medical conditions) in Filipino TB outpatients, focusing on malnutrition and diabetes.

78 lso considered pessimistic scenarios of flat TB incidence trends in individual countries.Measurements

79 e type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for TB and the mechanisms underlying increased TB susceptibi

80 ient, contact, and exposure risk factors for TB.

81 and 106 individuals who tested positive for TB, respectively, and 686 and 281 randomly selected indi

82 treatment in one office visit a reality for TB.

83 e for testing U.S.-born PLWH at low risk for TB exposure and with high CD4+ counts.

84 (94%) had a positive WHO symptom screen for TB on enrollment, and 45% were diagnosed with microbiolo

85 lled at the Indus Hospital were screened for TB symptoms at home.

86 r model estimates that immediate testing for TB by LTFQs at the first visit (at the current level of

87 0A8/A9 pathways as host-directed therapy for TB.

88 tin as adjunctive, host-directed therapy for TB.

89 s of older patients undergoing treatment for TB disease, including the frequency of adverse events re

90 eptides in serum extracellular vesicles from TB patients.

91 ith the base-case scenario, effective global TB control would avert 40,000 (95% uncertainty interval,

92 ization's End TB Strategy ("effective global TB control").

93 e a serious threat to controlling the global TB epidemic.

94 HIV-negative individuals suspected of having TB in South Africa and Peru.

95 ases and their HHCs in 8 countries with high TB burdens.

96 cotreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-TB coinfected patients were observed.

97 okinetics (PK) study assessed DMPA among HIV/TB coinfected women on an efavirenz-based antiretroviral

98 Africa following individuals living with HIV/TB up to 48 weeks post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) init

99 ent of lung function in individuals with HIV/TB.

100 zid-resistant, rifampicin-susceptible TB (Hr-TB), which includes rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol

101 gy samples, the time scale involved in human TB, and overlap between fibroblast and myeloid cell mark

102 In human TB, pulmonary TNF-alpha immunoreactivity is increased an

103 fied 3 metabolites that correctly identified TB status at distinct times during treatment.

104 Calcium channel blockers (CCB) improve TB treatment outcomes in pre-clinical models, but their

105 ervices in high-risk young adults to improve TB control efforts.

106 encing antiretroviral therapy, iNKT cells in TB-IRIS patients and non-IRIS controls were compared lon

107 ose the AhR as a potential target for HDT in TB in adjunct to canonical chemotherapy.

108 ion of determinants of immunopathogenesis in TB is of tremendous interest due to the perspective of f

109 Clinical manifestations in TB are consequences of complex host-pathogen interaction

110 ived molecules and inflammatory mediators in TB and AIDS, very little attention has been given to the

111 th positive and negative disease outcomes in TB but little is known about the processes that initiate

112 projected to produce sustained reductions in TB incidence.

113 Cases were defined as incident TB or all-cause death within 48 weeks after ART initiati

114 145 (1.9%) adult contacts developed incident TB within 1 year of index patient diagnosis.

115 ofiles that were most predictive of incident TB disease and death.

116 Biomarkers associated with incident TB overlapped with those associated with death (interleu

117 was diagnosed and predicted 1-year incident TB by including additional contact-specific characterist

118 r TB and the mechanisms underlying increased TB susceptibility in T2D are not well understood.

119 notably impairs phagocytosis, and increases TB drug metabolism.

120 not reduce the relative risk of SIV-induced TB reactivation in ART-treated macaques in the early pha

121 enting TB among close contacts of infectious TB patients.

122 ow TB Area, followed by the two Intermediate TB Areas of Wales (2.7%).

123 and possible generation times during latent TB infection in humans.

124 also be detected in individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI).

125 due to the low efficacy of the only licensed TB vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) against pulmo

126 monary TB, pregnancy, a previous second-line TB medication exposure, or drug resistance to pyrazinami

127 nosed with the disease (0.7%) was in the Low TB Area, followed by the two Intermediate TB Areas of Wa

128 f cattle in the same area, except in the Low TB Area.

129 ure and adverse pregnancy outcomes, maternal TB, all-cause mortality, and liver injury during pregnan

130 racy of the BD MAX multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB assay (BD MAX) in South Africa, Uganda, India, and Pe

131 From 278 MDR-TB/RR-TB index case households, 743 HHCs were enrolled;

132 nducted a cross-sectional study of adult MDR-TB cases and their HHCs in 8 countries with high TB burd

133 previous, population-based study, to all MDR-TB patients reported to the National TB Surveillance Sys

134 s), whereas reinfection with a different MDR-TB strain was assumed where the distance was 10 or more

135 Patients were divided into two groups (MDR-TB and XDR-TB) based on two types of drug resistance.

136 % remained smear positive after a median MDR-TB treatment duration of 8.8 weeks.

137 omputed tomography (CT) scan findings of MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients.

138 At diagnosis, 69% of MDR-TB cases were positive for acid-fast bacilli sputum smea

139 needed to avert the de novo emergence of MDR-TB during treatment.

140 De novo emergence of MDR-TB was assumed where the genomic distance was 5 or fewer

141 ncreased risk of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) emerging (8%), compared to drug-sensitive TB (0.3%).

142 cally significant difference between the MDR-TB and XDR-TB groups (p > 0.05).

143 sessed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases and their household contacts (HHCs) to inform

144 nce in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is common and it is not clear how it affects interim

145 month) multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment regimen (as compared to the conventional 1

146 Where MDR-TB was diagnosed, WGS was used to determine the genomic

147 Among children screened for minimal TB in Uganda, Ultra has higher sensitivity than Xpert.

148 luding all TB cases notified to the National TB control Program in Paraguay during the period 2009-20

149 ture-positive cases reported to the National TB Surveillance System (excluding California) between 19

150 all MDR-TB patients reported to the National TB Surveillance System.

151 and in a mouse model of human-like necrotic TB lung granulomas.

152 om clinically diagnosed PTB patients and non-TB disease controls in the selection cohort.

153 ting clinically diagnosed PTB cases from non-TB disease controls of the validation cohort, which demo

154 The notified TB incidences demonstrated a continuously declining tren

155 respectively, responsible for 18% and 15% of TB cases in this group.

156 In Patna, 61% of TB patients first approached fully qualified providers (

157 In this study, we observed a burden of TB in IDP populations of Northeast Nigeria many times hi

158 , and costs and the total economic burden of TB in the United States.

159 ly 3.4% of new and 18% of recurrent cases of TB are multidrug-resistant (MDR) or rifampicin-resistant

160 re were 121 (12%) HHCs that had new cases of TB identified: 17 (2%) were confirmed, 33 (3%) probable,

161 M prevalence and clinical characteristics of TB-DM vary across settings.

162 Rifamycin antibiotics are a key component of TB therapy and a common source of drug-drug interactions

163 Decades of TB vaccine development have focused on adaptive T cell i

164 e in impact arises largely from diagnosis of TB amongst those with HIV who are not yet in HIV care, a

165 ents were diagnosed with a second episode of TB that was multidrug resistant.

166 samples from individuals with no evidence of TB infection by TST and no known exposure to TB were use

167 apeutic and diagnostic needs in the field of TB elimination using multidisciplinary, multisectorial a

168 The population attributable fraction of TB in the community due to incarcerated cases was estima

169 70), and associated with previous history of TB (AOR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.28-3.04) and recent reduced foo

170 able evaluations of the potential impacts of TB control and elimination strategies.

171 Australia has a low incidence of TB and most cases occur among migrants.

172 NETs are present in necrotic lung lesions of TB patients responding poorly to antibiotic therapy, sup

173 tive activity in the standard mouse model of TB chemotherapy and in a mouse model of human-like necro

174 We developed a mathematical model of TB transmission to project the impact of LAM tests, dist

175 constructed a dynamic transmission model of TB, calibrated to be consistent with an urban slum popul

176 Using the well-established mouse model of TB, our new data provide evidence that the alarmin S100A

177 ves: Using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model of TB, we sought to assess 3HP treatment-mediated clearance

178 lated mortality during the first 9 months of TB treatment, as well as sputum-smear microscopy and spu

179 A patient with 10% pretest probability of TB would have a posttest probability of 4% with a score

180 However, rates of TB reactivation long after infection remain poorly quant

181 tentially reduce the risk of reactivation of TB due to HIV to inform treatment strategies in patients

182 IPT reduced the risk of TB by approximately 30% (aHR, 0.71 [95% CI, .63-.81]; ab

183 AhR sensing of TB drugs modulates host defense mechanisms, notably impa

184 nadequate in reversing the clinical signs of TB reactivation during the relatively short duration of

185 pporting the role of NETs in a late stage of TB pathogenesis.

186 ic inflammation profiles in subpopulation of TB patients.

187 ationally representative periodic surveys of TB patients for the period 2003-2017 were reviewed.

188 ants the modeling of concurrent treatment of TB and HIV to potentially reduce the risk of reactivatio

189 he need for high-quality, up-to-date data on TB determinants and outcomes.

190 5%CI: 2.74, 5.67), after adjusting for other TB risk factors (age, sex, BCG-vaccination and stays >=3

191 th TB disease are at risk of the paradoxical TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrom

192 ling the inflammatory responses in pediatric TB are available.

193 However, when any positive TB-specific test was used as a reference, the incrementa

194 rmed, 33 (3%) probable, and 71 (7%) possible TB cases.

195 112 symptomatic children with presumptive TB were recruited in The Gambia and classified as bacter

196 for LTBI was highly effective in preventing TB among close contacts of infectious TB patients.

197 n an urban setting (aOR 1.8; 1.3-2.5), prior TB (aOR 4.6; 95% CI: 2.5-8.7), history of diabetes (aOR

198 m detailed interviews of 76 and 64 pulmonary TB patients in the 2 Indian cities of Mumbai and Patna,

199 llus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) against pulmonary TB.

200 improve diagnosis of both EPTB and pulmonary TB (PTB) and timely initiation of anti-TB therapy.

201 initiation in adults with HIV and pulmonary TB.

202 ch individuals with smear-positive pulmonary TB with isoniazid resistance mediated by an inhA mutatio

203 nts, 46 (39%) had culture-positive pulmonary TB.

204 Patients with isoniazid-resistant pulmonary TB were recruited and followed up for 24 months.

205 patients with isoniazid-resistant pulmonary TB were recruited.

206 household contacts of adults with pulmonary TB.

207 could be further evaluated as a reactivation TB predictor.

208 e and as predictive markers for reactivation TB.

209 at all persons diagnosed with drug-resistant TB are started on an appropriate treatment regime.

210 cause of death globally, and drug-resistant TB strains pose a serious threat to controlling the glob

211 ost half of the patients with drug-resistant TB were cough aerosol culture-positive.

212 eptible TB accounted for 50% of FQ-resistant TB in South Africa and 83% in Southeast Asia.

213 and optimal treatment of isoniazid-resistant TB are urgently needed to avert the de novo emergence of

214 ted an increased risk of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) emerging (8%), compared to drug-sensitive TB

215 We assessed temporal trends in RMR TB.

216 associated with rifampin-monoresistant (RMR) TB in the United States.

217 From 278 MDR-TB/RR-TB index case households, 743 HHCs were enrolled; the me

218 B) emerging (8%), compared to drug-sensitive TB (0.3%).

219 atment for culture-confirmed, drug-sensitive TB from 2000 to 2016 at the National Taiwan University H

220 nhA group), and controls with drug-sensitive TB received standard dose (5 mg/kg/day).

221 sed DM had higher BMI and HbA1c, less severe TB, and more frequent comorbidities, DM complications, a

222 contrast, bacteria from patients with severe TB do not do so.

223 to optimize antimicrobial dosing and shorten TB treatments(2).

224 We show TB morphometrics can be determined within lesion patholo

225 nd throughout treatment for drug-susceptible TB.

226 isoniazid-resistant, rifampicin-susceptible TB (Hr-TB), which includes rifampicin, pyrazinamide, eth

227 mong the more prevalent rifampin-susceptible TB accounted for 50% of FQ-resistant TB in South Africa

228 immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) when they commence antiretroviral therapy.

229 immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS).

230 The TB Pharmacology section within the new GTN aims to detec

231 The TB prevalence (502 cases per 100,000 screening encounter

232 The TB/DM association was significant at enrollment in both

233 Control of the TB epidemic has been limited by lengthy drug regimens, a

234 U, TIU, TPU, and active TRV depending on the TB endemicity.

235 AM has considerable potential to reshape the TB diagnostics landscape, making diagnosis and treatment

236 ely to have an adverse event attributable to TB medication and were more likely to have an adverse ev

237 ion is exacerbated in macrophages exposed to TB-associated microenvironments due to tunneling nanotub

238 TB infection by TST and no known exposure to TB were used as controls to establish a threshold to acc

239 gest clinical risk factor for progression to TB disease in immunocompetent individuals.

240 g the frequency of adverse events related to TB treatment.

241 decreased IFNgamma production in response to TB antigen and/or mitogen.

242 in the nodes for subsequent distribution to TBs and other developing tissues.

243 Adults presenting at a Cape Town TB clinic were enrolled.

244 Tuberculosis (TB) claims 1.5 million lives per year.

245 Tuberculosis (TB) continues to claim the lives of around 1.7 million p

246 Tuberculosis (TB) control is hindered by absence of rapid tests to ide

247 Tuberculosis (TB) elimination requires innovative approaches.

248 Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in India continues to be high due, in larg

249 Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infection that can affect individuals o

250 Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infect

251 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectio

252 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in p

253 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death globally, a

254 Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major infectious disease worldwide.

255 Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) latently

256 Tuberculosis (TB), one of the deadliest infectious diseases, is caused

257 obiological testing for active tuberculosis (TB).

258 widely used to protect against tuberculosis (TB) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (

259 Helminths and tuberculosis (TB) largely overlap at the population level.

260 LEIMiT, we found that the anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug bedaquiline (BDQ) is localised not only in foam

261 o treat the infectious disease tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuber

262 urface markers, decline during tuberculosis (TB) disease, consistent with redistribution to the lungs

263 Pathogenesis hallmarks for tuberculosis (TB) are the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) escape from

264 l patients being evaluated for tuberculosis (TB), a lack of rapid diagnostic tests which can fully de

265 also promoted MDSC research in tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS.

266 for during the exam, including tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B, hepatitis C, malaria, strongyloidiasis

267 abetes mellitus (DM) increases tuberculosis (TB) risk.

268 e mutational rates of 24 index tuberculosis (TB) cases and their latently infected household contacts

269 Infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are especially difficult to address under su

270 The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients is challenging.

271 onses and clinical outcomes of tuberculosis (TB).

272 (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB).

273 pts for improved management of tuberculosis (TB).

274 ies for the early detection of tuberculosis (TB).

275 crotic, and cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) lesions.

276 virus (HIV) who have pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), but its effects on the lungs have not been assessed

277 e causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), is responsible for millions of infections and death

278 ients with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis (TB) given standard first-line anti-TB treatment indicate

279 transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) remain poorly understood, despite over half a millio

280 The risk of progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease is greatest soon after infection, yet diseas

281 progression from infection to tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB morality and TB recurrence, when being t

282 Previously treated tuberculosis (TB) was documented in 2 patients.

283 lation status of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and their asymptomatic household contacts and found

284 most Indian patients taking a thrice-weekly TB regimen, and low rifampicin and pyrazinamide concentr

285 llow-up (OR, 3.3 [95% CI, 1.5-7.3]), whereas TB/IGR association was only positive at enrollment (OR,

286 ly efficient at cell-to-cell spread, whereas TB and TR cell-to-cell spread is poor.

287 tate-transition model of 100 000 adults with TB receiving a novel, fluoroquinolone (FQ)-containing re

288 complex metabolic processes associated with TB progression from LTBI to active disease.

289 n close contact with a household member with TB or a recent tuberculin skin test (TST) conversion wer

290 ld contacts and found that the patients with TB have DNA hypermethylation of the IL-2/STAT5, TNF/NF-k

291 al models, but their effect in patients with TB remain unclear.

292 JAK2) were hypermethylated in patients with TB.

293 We detected 1,423 people with TB and 874 people living with HIV.

294 PLWH with TB disease are at risk of the paradoxical TB-associated

295 ared survival among persons with and without TB at enrollment in HIV care, starting 9 months after cl

296 y included a random sample of people without TB from each cohort.

297 ly drug-resistant (XDR), and 3 (21%) had XDR TB.

298 ficant difference between the MDR-TB and XDR-TB groups (p > 0.05).

299 ography (CT) scan findings of MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients.

300 were divided into two groups (MDR-TB and XDR-TB) based on two types of drug resistance.