ライフサイエンスコーパス: TMAO

1 TMAO accumulation with depth results in increasing inter

2 TMAO can serve as an important nutrient for ecologically

3 TMAO concentration did not differ between whites and bla

4 TMAO concentration was an independent predictor for coro

5 TMAO concentrations were markedly higher in patients rec

6 TMAO concentrations were significantly lower for Plant a

7 TMAO is produced by hepatic processing of intestinal bac

8 TMAO provided significant incremental prognostic value (

9 TMAO was associated with abundance of 13 genera (false d

10 TMAO was positively associated with age, body mass index

11 TMAO, however, reduces the surface tension.

12 TMAO-demethylase enzyme was partially inhibited (lower e

13 TMAO-treated rats showed higher diuresis and natriuresis

14 rt TMAO to dimethylamine and formaldehyde (1 TMAO --> 1 dimethylamine + 1 formaldehyde), confirming t

15 unction (eGFR < vs. >/=90 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), TMAO was associated with all-cause mortality only in sub

16 We found their muscles to have a TMAO content of 386 +/- 18 mmol/kg and osmolality of 991

17 Deep-water animals accumulate TMAO to protect proteins, such as lactate dehydrogenase

18 Although urea halts aggregation, TMAO promotes the formation of compact oligomers (includ

19 f torCAD, but not genes encoding alternative TMAO reductases; (ii) transient expression of frmRAB, en

20 , 0.73); DMA, 0.37 (95% CI: 0.37, 0.69); and TMAO, 0.33 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.58).

21 its closely related metabolites, betaine and TMAO, with linear growth and stunting in young children.

22 We measured serum choline, betaine, and TMAO concentrations by using liquid chromatography isoto

23 75th percentile) serum choline, betaine, and TMAO concentrations were 6.4 (4.8, 8.3), 12.4 (9.1, 16.3

24 ents of age with serum choline, betaine, and TMAO were -0.57 (P < 0.0001), -0.26 (P < 0.0001), and -0

25 choline and elevated betaine-to-choline and TMAO-to-choline ratios.

26 of the gut metabolites betaine, choline, and TMAO in human CKD, across animal species as well as duri

27 Betaine, choline, and TMAO levels were associated with renal function in human

28 diac brain natriuretic peptide, choline, and TMAO levels.

29 col), alpha-MG (methyl-alpha-glucoside), and TMAO (trimethylamine n-oxide).

30 yrosine, citrate, N-acetyl-glycoproteins and TMAO was selected, which exhibited the highest area unde

31 HPS and TMAO did not affect LDH protein structure.

32 tively confirm a role for gut microbiota and TMAO in modulating platelet hyperresponsiveness and thro

33 serum choline, betaine-to-choline ratio, and TMAO-to-choline ratio were 0.31 (P < 0.0001), -0.24 (P <

34 tion, markedly enhanced synthesis of TMA and TMAO, and increased atherosclerosis, but this did not oc

35 Trimethylamine (TMA) and TMAO levels were initially higher in recipients on choli

36 reconstituted the catalytic activity of apo-TMAO reductase (TorA).

37 eded to both confirm the association between TMAO and atherosclerosis and identify factors, microbiot

38 ear regression, whereas associations between TMAO and the fecal microbiome were assessed by permutati

39 s modest but significant correlation between TMAO concentrations and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

40 However, a clear mechanistic link between TMAO and such diseases is not yet validated.

41 We explored the relationship between TMAO and all-cause mortality, and determined whether thi

42 udies have explored the relationship between TMAO and atherosclerosis formation in this group.

43 Time-dependent increases in levels of both TMAO and its d9 isotopologue, as well as other choline m

44 V) was the most abundant species followed by TMAO, DMA, iAs(III) and MA.

45 copper resistance could be accounted for by TMAO inhibition of Cu(II) reduction.

46 Thus, the rapid determination of circulating TMAO concentration is of clinical interest.

47 to formation of the proatherogenic compound TMAO.

48 In conclusion, TMAO is associated with all-cause mortality, particularl

49 In conclusion, TMAO reduced mortality in SHHF, which was associated wit

50 ntaining choline (1.2%) or a diet containing TMAO (0.12%) starting 3 weeks before surgical transverse

51 rom recombinant Escherichia coli can convert TMAO to dimethylamine and formaldehyde (1 TMAO --> 1 dim

52 Moreover, a striking increase in d3-TMAO generation was observed in omnivores over vegans/ve

53 ntly (P<0.05, each) worse in mice fed either TMAO- or choline-supplemented diets when compared with t

54 Elevated TMAO level was an independent predictor of the presence

55 An elevated TMAO level predicted an increased risk of major adverse

56 e observed in patients with HF, and elevated TMAO levels portended higher long-term mortality risk in

57 tional risk factors and BNP levels, elevated TMAO levels remained predictive of 5-year mortality risk

58 igh-sensitivity C-reactive protein, elevated TMAO levels remained independently associated with a hig

59 timated glomerular filtration rate, elevated TMAO levels remained predictive of 5-year mortality risk

60 Among non-CKD subjects, elevated TMAO levels portend poorer prognosis within cohorts of h

61 Participants with elevated TMAO levels (the top tertile) at both time points showed

62 adaptation to the presence of environmental TMAO, anaerobic fermentative cultures of E. coli respond

63 We show here that the enzyme TMAO demethylase (Tdm) catalyzes the first step in TMAO

64 d be of value for further studies evaluating TMAO as a risk marker and for examining the effect of di

65 After adjustment for several risk factors, TMAO remained associated with all-cause mortality [HR:1.

66 yde), confirming that it encodes a bona fide TMAO demethylase (Tdm).

67 For TMAO, the potential source is the atmospheric oxidation

68 ars to be hexameric, has a high affinity for TMAO (Km = 3.3 mM; Vmax = 21.7 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) ) and

69 y of dust events, or seasonality, except for TMAO, which showed higher concentrations during the cold

70 f the genetic and biochemical mechanisms for TMAO degradation in M. silvestris.

71 quintile, whites in the highest quintile for TMAO (>/=135 muM) had a 4-fold higher risk of cardiac or

72 sm and the membrane transporter required for TMAO uptake into microbial cells have yet to be identifi

73 However, the enzymes responsible for TMAO catabolism and the membrane transporter required fo

74 experimentally confirmed its specificity for TMAO through marker exchange mutagenesis and lacZ report

75 termined whether humans eating eggs generate TMAO and, if so, whether there is an associated increase

76 r gut microbiota and the dietary choline --> TMAO pathway contribute to increased heart failure susce

77 a metaorganismal l-carnitine->gammaBB->TMA->TMAO pathway in subjects.

78 High TMAO and choline concentrations are associated with an a

79 High TMAO levels were observed in patients with HF, and eleva

80 An atherosclerosis-prone and high TMAO-producing strain, C57BL/6J, and an atherosclerosis-

81 t only among subjects with concurrently high TMAO levels.

82 In whites, 2-fold higher TMAO associated with higher risk (hazard ratio [95% conf

83 Despite there being consensus on how TMAO and urea affect proteins as a whole, very little is

84 p-cyano-phenylalanine, to directly probe how TMAO affects the hydration and conformational dynamics o

85 yl sulfate, carnitine, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, TMAO and acetate) and 8 significantly decreased (dimethy

86 ly on the two inorganic As species, ignoring TMAO in particular.

87 dressed associations of long-term changes in TMAO with coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence.

88 lood collections; 10-year changes (Delta) in TMAO were calculated.

89 he initial TMAO levels, 10-year increases in TMAO from the first to second blood collection were sign

90 Long-term increases in TMAO were associated with higher CHD risk, and repeated

91 (hazard ratio, 1.26 per 10 muM increment in TMAO concentration; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.4

92 identification of several genes involved in TMAO metabolism, including Msil_3606, a permease of the

93 ent in ApoE-deficient mice, and reduction in TMAO levels inhibits atherosclerosis development in the

94 tation resulted in substantial reductions in TMAO concentrations (median [min-max] 71.2 muM [29.2-189

95 emethylase (Tdm) catalyzes the first step in TMAO degradation.

96 of targeted inhibition of the first step in TMAO generation, commensal microbial TMA production, on

97 this association is unknown, but may include TMAO effects on blood pressure (BP).

98 Chronic dietary exposures that increase TMAO directly contributes to progressive renal fibrosis

99 Increased TMAO concentrations correlate with coronary atherosclero

100 Increased TMAO levels are associated with an increased risk of inc

101 ovel mechanism that contributes to increased TMAO formation in CKD and represents a therapeutic targe

102 Therefore, it is debated whether increased TMAO concentrations are the cause or result of these dis

103 plantation can transmit choline diet-induced TMAO production and atherosclerosis susceptibility.

104 citrate can be used as additives to inhibit TMAO-demethylase enzyme during frozen storage of fish mi

105 green tea extracts, phytic acid) to inhibit TMAO-demethylase enzyme was assayed.

106 Regardless of the initial TMAO levels, 10-year increases in TMAO from the first to

107 6J, and an atherosclerosis-resistant and low TMAO-producing strain, NZW/LacJ, were selected as donors

108 as compared with those with consistently low TMAO levels.

109 Subjects in the highest versus lowest TMAO quartile had a crude 1.86-fold higher mortality ris

110 r event (hazard ratio for highest vs. lowest TMAO quartile, 2.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.96 to 3.

111 Here we report a method to measure TMAO in biological matrices by stable isotope dilution l

112 We measured TMAO in stored serum samples obtained 3-6 months after r

113 Median TMAO level among CKD subjects was 7.9 mumol/L (interquar

114 The median TMAO level was 5.0 muM, which was higher than in subject

115 In this prospective cohort study, the median TMAO level was 5.5 muM (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.4 t

116 hepatic flavin monooxygenase (FMO)-mediated TMAO formation.

117 st that metabolic activation of FMO-mediated TMAO formation is a novel mechanism that contributes to

118 FMO-mediated TMAO formation was increased in CKD versus control.

119 nd human uremic serum increased FMO-mediated TMAO formation.

120 line or the gut microbe-dependent metabolite TMAO.

121 lerosis- and thrombosis-promoting metabolite TMAO via 2 sequential gut microbiota-dependent transform

122 Omnivorous human subjects produced more TMAO than did vegans or vegetarians following ingestion

123 Our data demonstrate the ability of TMAO and urea to shift alpha-synuclein structures toward

124 higher CHD risk, and repeated assessment of TMAO over 10 years improved the identification of people

125 lysis Study, and analyzed the association of TMAO with cardiovascular outcomes using Cox models adjus

126 The association of TMAO with mortality was modified by eGFR in crude and ag

127 aims were 1) to investigate associations of TMAO and its precursors (choline, carnitine, and betaine

128 Associations of TMAO and its precursors with disease risk biomarkers wer

129 ields fail to capture the correct balance of TMAO and urea interactions in ternary solutions.

130 Higher concentrations of TMAO and carnitine, and lower concentrations of betaine,

131 ed into 4 groups by median concentrations of TMAO and choline (4.36 and 9.7 mumol/L, respectively).

132 Plasma concentrations of TMAO and its precursors were measured by LC-tandem MS.

133 mg(-1) ) and only catalyses demethylation of TMAO and a structural homologue, dimethyldodecylamine N-

134 Positive determinants of TMAO in a stepwise regression model that applied to the

135 However, the determinants of TMAO in humans require additional assessment.

136 cs simulations to investigate the effects of TMAO and urea on the unfolding of the hydrophobic homopo

137 erum concentrations and urinary excretion of TMAO in a CKD cohort (n=104), identified the effect of r

138 =2 eggs results in an increased formation of TMAO.

139 The function of TMAO demethylase in a representative from the SAR11 clad

140 he properties and physiological functions of TMAO, its dietary sources, and its effects on human meta

141 nd genetic, that influence the generation of TMAO before policy and medical recommendations are made

142 Microbiota-dependent generation of TMAO is associated with increased risk of incident major

143 icrobiota and cause a subsequent increase of TMAO production.

144 gulatory system with consequent induction of TMAO reductase activity, resulting in net oxidation of m

145 hunts choline to generate betaine instead of TMAO, characterisation and understanding of such an adap

146 elationship between fasting plasma levels of TMAO and incident major adverse cardiovascular events (d

147 We quantified plasma and urinary levels of TMAO and plasma choline and betaine levels by means of l

148 Increased plasma levels of TMAO were associated with an increased risk of a major a

149 Plasma levels of TMAO were markedly suppressed after the administration o

150 ed, the Oat3KO had elevated plasma levels of TMAO, which is associated with cardiovascular morbidity

151 nation, but exhibited undetectable levels of TMAO.

152 ledge, the first experimental observation of TMAO-induced hydrophobic collapse in a ternary aqueous s

153 ncubated with TMAO suggested the presence of TMAO demethylase activity.

154 The production of TMAO from dietary phosphatidylcholine is dependent on me

155 ovascular events in humans, and provision of TMAO promotes atherosclerosis in mice.

156 and <9.9%, respectively, across the range of TMAO levels.

157 ious research suggested that the relation of TMAO with CVD risk might be stronger in diabetic than in

158 Studies that describe the potential role of TMAO in the etiology of cardiovascular and other disease

159 pharmacologic, and environmental factors on TMAO levels.

160 sil_3603 and Msil_3606 can no longer grow on TMAO.

161 onfirmed that tdm is essential for growth on TMAO.

162 lamine concentrations (P = 0.010) but not on TMAO concentrations (P = 0.950).

163 n animal models, elevated dietary choline or TMAO directly led to progressive renal tubulointerstitia

164 In animal studies, dietary choline or TMAO significantly accelerates atherosclerotic lesion de

165 l model studies employing dietary choline or TMAO, germ-free mice, and microbial transplantation coll

166 reated orally with either water (control) or TMAO.

167 tween fasting plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and all-cause mortality over a 5-year follow-up in

168 a choline metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are associated with atherosclerosis.

169 ethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are widespread in the ocean and are important nitr

170 st soil, can grow on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) as a sole nitrogen source; however, the molecular

171 piratory growth with trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) as the terminal electron acceptor revealed: (i) th

172 Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) correlates with atherosclerosis burden in CKD pati

173 and discovered that trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) crosses the blood-brain barrier.

174 ve osmolytes such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) favor protein folding by being excluded from the v

175 ggest involvement of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the aetiology of cardiometabolic diseases and c

176 Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a biologically active molecule and is a putativ

177 Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a common osmolyte found in a variety of marine

178 Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) is a microbiome-related metabolite that is cleared

179 is not clear whether trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is directly transported, the Oat3KO had elevated p

180 Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels in blood predict future risk for major adve

181 with fasting plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite asso

182 e osmolytes urea and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) shift the population of IDP monomer structures, bu

183 The common osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) stabilizes proteins against pressure and increases

184 -protective osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) that stabilizes cellular proteins in marine organi

185 ethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) via a multistep pathway involving an atherogenic i

186 Trimethlyamine-N-oxide (TMAO) was recently identified as a promoter of atheroscl

187 herogenic metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) with cardiovascular outcomes in hemodialysis patie

188 trimethylamine, and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) with the use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass

189 Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a compound derived from diet and metabolism by th

190 Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary cho

191 Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbial-dependent metabolite of dietary c

192 Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota metabolite from dietary phosphat

193 Trimethylamine (TMA) N-oxide (TMAO), a gut-microbiota-dependent metabolite, both enhan

194 t (FMO3-dependent) formation of TMA-N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite shown to be both mechanistically lin

195 ne is a precursor of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite that has been associated with an inc

196 Trimethylene N-oxide (TMAO), a proatherogenic molecule, is produced from the m

197 lleagues report that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an intestinal microbiome-dependent metabolite, wo

198 is widely known that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an osmolyte used by nature, stabilizes the folded

199 of three osmolytes, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), betaine, and glycine, on the hydrophobic collapse

200 sing vasculitis were trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), citrate and 2-oxoglutarate.

201 hrough generation of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), directly contribute to platelet hyperreactivity a

202 icrobial metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), has been associated with coronary atherosclerotic

203 icrobiota metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which has been related to cardiovascular diseases

204 FMO3 produces trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which has recently been suggested to promote athe

205 ncreased exposure to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is purported to be a risk factor for develo

206 nutrients producing trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

207 clerotic metabolite, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO).

208 atherogenic species, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO).

209 conversion of TMA to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO).

210 me was fasting serum trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO).

211 t-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

212 ered by the osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

213 dimethylglycine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)] and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal w

214 metabolites containing trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), glutamine, N-acetyl-glycoproteins, citrate, tyros

215 Trimethylamine-oxide (TMAO) is present in seafood which is considered to be be

216 , arsenobetaine (AB), trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) and arsenocholine (AC)) in Brazilian and Spanish s

217 e we demonstrate that trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) and inorganic arsenic are the dominant species in

218 Trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) was found to be the dominant form of organic arsen

219 hylarsinate (DMA) and trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO).

220 t metabolism of dietary phosphatidylcholine, TMAO levels, and adverse cardiovascular events in humans

221 Plasma TMAO at timed intervals (immediately before and 1, 2, 4,

222 Plasma TMAO concentrations were associated with a number of tri

223 Plasma TMAO levels are both elevated in patients with CKD and p

224 Plasma TMAO levels correlated (all p < 0.0001) with the SYNTAX

225 Plasma TMAO levels in subjects (n > 4,000) independently predic

226 Plasma TMAO levels were measured both at the first (1989 to 199

227 ed between atherosclerotic plaque and plasma TMAO levels in a mouse diversity panel (n = 22 strains,

228 The positive association between plasma TMAO and colorectal cancer risk is consistent with an in

229 t to examine the relationship between plasma TMAO levels and the complexity and burden of CAD and deg

230 human feces was associated with both plasma TMAO concentration and dietary status.

231 Elevated plasma TMAO concentrations likely reflect a specific metabolic

232 ined the relationship between fasting plasma TMAO and all-cause mortality over 5-year follow-up in 52

233 Fasting plasma TMAO levels are an independent predictor of a high ather

234 Fasting plasma TMAO was measured by mass spectrometry.

235 Finally, plasma TMAO, an oxidative derivative of choline produced by int

236 associated with significantly higher plasma TMAO concentration (8.6 +/- 12.2 compared with 5.4 +/- 5

237 Diabetes is related to higher plasma TMAO concentrations but also to alterations in interrela

238 Higher plasma TMAO levels were associated with a 3.4-fold increased mo

239 The difference in plasma TMAO concentrations between men and women (7.3 +/- 10.0

240 nvestigate whether 10-year changes in plasma TMAO levels were significantly associated with CHD incid

241 ositive correlation between increased plasma TMAO concentrations and adverse cardiovascular events, s

242 Lastly, plasma TMAO was higher with ageing (young: 2.6 +/- 0.4 mumol( )

243 Median (IQR) concentration of plasma TMAO was 3.05 mumol/L (2.10-4.60 mumol/L).

244 rticipants to examine associations of plasma TMAO with all-cause mortality.

245 higher (fourth versus first quartile) plasma TMAO level was associated with a 2.8-fold increased mort

246 entify microbial taxa associated with plasma TMAO and thrombosis potential.

247 also identified that correlated with plasma TMAO levels in donors and recipients and with atheroscle

248 hylamine abundant in red meat, also produces TMAO and accelerates atherosclerosis in mice.

249 intestinal contents, human feces) and reduce TMAO levels in mice fed a high-choline or L-carnitine di

250 nd represents a therapeutic target to reduce TMAO exposure and CVD.

251 Mean +/- SEM TMAO concentrations were significantly lower overall for

252 Serum TMAO concentrations are significantly increased in CKD p

253 Serum TMAO concentrations demonstrated a strong inverse associ

254 ined the relationship between baseline serum TMAO and long-term survival after coronary angiography.

255 e cross-sectional relationship between serum TMAO and coronary atherosclerosis burden in a separate C

256 In conclusion, serum TMAO concentrations substantially increase with decremen

257 fied the effect of renal transplant on serum TMAO concentration in a subset of these patients (n=6),

258 ival in SHHF-control was 66% vs 100% in SHHF-TMAO.

259 We conclude that TMAO concentration associates with cardiovascular events

260 The finding that TMAO and inorganic arsenic are widely present and elevat

261 They further found that TMAO induces M1 polarization of bone marrow-derived macr

262 We hypothesize that TMAO and inorganic arsenic in monsoonal wet deposition a

263 We hypothesized that TMAO exerts beneficial effects on the circulatory system

264 In particular, we propose that TMAO stabilizes proteins by acting as a surfactant for t

265 )GKVQIINKKLDL(284)) of the Tau protein, that TMAO can counteract the denaturing effects of urea by in

266 Stability studies reveal that TMAO in plasma is stable both during storage at -80 degr

267 solvent conditions, we are able to show that TMAO achieves its protein-stabilizing ability through th

268 l energy measurements, our results show that TMAO and urea act on polystyrene as a protectant and a d

269 These experiments showed that TMAO red-shifts the OH stretch of the IR spectrum via a

270 cular dynamics (MD) simulations suggest that TMAO also slightly accumulates at the polymer-water inte

271 These data suggest that TMAO represents a significant, yet overlooked, nutrient

272 These results suggest that TMAO stabilizes collapsed conformations via a mechanism

273 Similarly, MD simulations suggested that TMAO disrupts the water structure to the least extent, w

274 vide a molecular explanation suggesting that TMAO molecules have a greater thermodynamic binding affi

275 The TMAO:trimethylamine ratio was higher in men (P < 0.001).

276 significantly greater (P<0.01, each) in the TMAO and choline groups relative to controls.

277 derable variation between individuals in the TMAO response.

278 Gut microbiota gammaBB->TMA/TMAO transformation is induced by omnivorous dietary pat

279 of choline diet-dependent differences in TMA/TMAO levels was not maintained to the end of the study.

280 tal choline in eggs having been converted to TMAO.

281 mRAB mutant was compromised upon exposure to TMAO.

282 Carnivorous eating habits are linked to TMAO levels in the animal kingdom.

283 Direct exposure of platelets to TMAO enhanced sub-maximal stimulus-dependent platelet ac

284 oxygenases (FMOs) efficiently oxidize TMA to TMAO.

285 ria and is responsible for converting TMA to TMAO.

286 Plasma concentrations of trimethylamine, TMAO, choline, lipids, phospholipids, and methyl metabol

287 her betaine, lower choline, and undetectable TMAO levels compared to captive brown bears.

288 s associated with increased plasma and urine TMAO concentrations (P < 0.01), with approximately 14% o

289 4, 8, and 24 h after each dose), 24-h urine TMAO, predose and 24-h postdose serum hsCRP, and plasma

290 ic risk factors and pathways associated with TMAO concentrations in humans.

291 fy fecal microbiome profiles associated with TMAO.

292 s(i) than that found in wet deposition, with TMAO making up only 12% of the sum of species.

293 ess than the median (n = 82), the group with TMAO and choline concentrations that were at least the m

294 Compared with the group with TMAO and choline concentrations that were less than the

295 when cell-free extracts were incubated with TMAO suggested the presence of TMAO demethylase activity

296 t only for cardiac death among patients with TMAO concentrations below the median (1.58 [1.03 to 2.44

297 t tended to show coincident proportions with TMAO levels.

298 nal microbiota, dietary supplementation with TMAO or either carnitine or choline reduced in vivo reve

299 itro, exposure of LDH to HPS with or without TMAO did not affect protein structure.

300 In vitro, LDH with or without TMAO was exposed to HPS and was evaluated using fluoresc