ライフサイエンスコーパス: VNTR

1 VNTR analysis ofM. aviumsubsp.hominissuisisolates is eas

2 VNTR for strain comparison is easier and faster than PFG

3 VNTR polymorphisms can be used effectively to discrimina

4 VNTR was more discriminatory than spoligotyping.

5 VNTRs can contribute to rapid adaptation by localized se

6 Of 13 VNTR types that included >/=4 patients, the majority (61

7 enotyped for the promoter 5-HTTLPR, intron 2 VNTR and rs25531 polymorphisms by PCR-based methods.

8 gnificant relationships between the intron 2 VNTR genotypes and subdomains or domains of symptoms on

9 e region (rs25531 and rs25532), the intron 2 VNTR, and 19 additional SNPs.

10 riants at the promoter VNTR and the intron 2 VNTR, as well as the putative functional SNPs, showed et

11 6355, as well as two alleles at the intron 2 VNTR.

12 R, intron 2 variable number tandem repeat [2 VNTR]) were related to behavioral characteristics measur

13 In the Khoisan genome, we identified 2572 VNTRs with pattern sizes ranging from 7 to 105 nt.

14 Here, we measure mutation rates for 28 VNTR loci and investigate the effects of repeat copy num

15 id not affect mutation rate at any of the 28 VNTRs with repeat unit sizes of >5 bp, although a poly(G

16 e trios, we identified between 2660 and 3822 VNTRs per individual and found nearly 100% consistency w

17 e A (MAOA) activity was associated with a 5' VNTR polymorphism.

18 teraction with VWF relative to CLEC4M with 7 VNTR (CLEC4M 4%-60% reduction, P < .001; CLEC4M 9%-45% r

19 In the Watson genome, we identified 752 VNTRs with pattern sizes ranging from 7 to 84 nt.

20 tern expected for selection acting at the 7R VNTR itself, rather than at an adjacent site.

21 t the previous GWAS signal was not tagging a VNTR effect, suggesting that the two markers have indepe

22 al relevance of the newly characterized AKT1 VNTR merits investigation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The AKT

23 of human chromosomes with nearly 55% of all VNTRs (variable number of tandem repeats) mapping to thi

24 lineage-specific TE called LAVA (LINE-AluSz-VNTR-Alu (LIKE)), which is still active in the gibbon ge

25 o: 1.66; confidence interval: 1.16-2.37) and VNTR 10 SLC6A3 (odds ratio: 0.74; confidence interval: 0

26 o: 1.07; confidence interval: 0.84-1.37) and VNTR 7 DRD4 (odds ratio: 0.68; confidence interval: 0.47

27 yzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and VNTR typing.

28 n characteristics, the homology-mediated and VNTR-mediated CNVs contribute the most to the correlatio

29 e much more diverse spoligotype patterns and VNTR types than previously thought.

30 Combined molecular resistance and VNTR data revealed evidence of intra-familial primary tr

31 nomenon by standard fingerprinting (RFLP and VNTR).

32 rily detected as dCAPS or CAPS (n = 131) and VNTRs (n = 31), in addition to AFLPs (n = 66) and 7 othe

33 functional effect of the DOCK5 deletion and VNTRs.

34 el the evolution and instability of STRs and VNTRs in apes.

35 e usual form of the allele is referred to as VNTR(t).) To gain insight into the structure, diversity,

36 ellite sequences, are commonly classified as VNTRs; however, this study is focused on longer coding V

37 CR) showed minimal pattern diversity between VNTR types compared to PFGE.

38 Both VNTR and rep-PCR typing methods differentiate between me

39 and the 3975 bp deletion (P= 0.027) and both VNTRs (P(empirical)= 0.015) was also identified in adipo

40 NTR) and for 6/6 homozygotes of SLC6A3 30 bp VNTR.

41 haplotype, the dopamine receptor DRD4 48 bp VNTR, and the enzyme COMT SNP rs4680.

42 frameshift mutation (C563fsX673) in the CEL VNTR causes CP through proteotoxic gain-of-function acti

43 amily members) were genotyped for the CLEC4M VNTR polymorphism.

44 ever, this study is focused on longer coding VNTR polymorphisms, a small class of copy number variati

45 and characterize the association between DAT-VNTR alleles and behavior in MAL and other breeds.

46 of this study was to assess frequency of DAT-VNTR alleles, and characterize the association between D

47 The single copy allele of DAT-VNTR is associated with owner-reported seizures, loss of

48 base pair variable number tandem repeat (DAT-VNTR); alleles have either one or two copies of the 38-b

49 eds are predominantly homozygous for the DAT-VNTR two-tandem-repeat allele (2/2).

50 Handlers' treatment of MWD varied with DAT-VNTR genotype as did dogs' responses to handlers' behavi

51 and a genetic composite comprising the DAT1 VNTR and functional polymorphisms in catechol-O-methyltr

52 d a variant 9-repeat VNTR allele (designated VNTR(t,t)) in intron 5 are in complete linkage disequili

53 tablished by combining eight newly-developed VNTRs with five published ones.

54 developed PCR systems to amplify 5 different VNTR loci and examined a battery of 12 M. leprae strains

55 In order to discover VNTRs and develop methods transferable to clinical sampl

56 Eighteen distinct VNTR types were identified, including two previously uni

57 plains, in part, the ability of the distinct VNTR copy numbers to support differential reporter gene

58 to show significant association of the DOCK5 VNTRs with childhood and adult severe obesity (P(empiric

59 show that short interspersed nuclear element-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposition is the main mechanism

60 aryotes fingerprinting techniques exploiting VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) polymorphisms h

61 method is based on GeneScan analysis of five VNTR loci throughout the genome which define a specific

62 Finally, we describe a general model for VNTR mutations that encompasses insertions and deletions

63 n (using flanking variants as surrogates for VNTR subtypes) in the largest case-control study of LADA

64 since it will influence how the results from VNTR experiments are interpreted.

65 ant of the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene (VNTR in exon 3), which has been associated with novelty

66 ccurate identification of the TSER genotype (VNTRs, SNPs, and AI) in clinical protocols where respons

67 for inclusion varied from 5 to 40 bp giving VNTR loci with a range of diversities.

68 main, specifically the highly O-glycosylated VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) region, plays a

69 ore than 9% of all P. falciparum ORFs harbor VNTRs, much more than has been reported for any other sp

70 tional enrichment analysis of ORFs harboring VNTRs identifies stress and DNA damage responses along w

71 viumsubsp.aviumfromM. aviumsubsp.hominissuis VNTR types were defined using VNTR loci, and subtyping w

72 have previously demonstrated that the 5-HTT VNTR is a transcriptional regulatory domain, and the all

73 ng protein 1 (YB-1) interacts with the 5-HTT VNTR.

74 -fold higher insulin expression than class I VNTR in thymic epithelial cells.

75 ulldown assay using biotinylated INS-class I VNTR probe were performed to examine the transactivation

76 We generated six class I and two class III VNTR constructs linked to the human insulin basal promot

77 e autoimmune regulator (AIRE), the class III VNTR haplotype is responsible for an average of three-fo

78 In conclusion, differences in VNTR-encoded susceptibility do not explain the differenc

79 aston Discriminatory Index of the individual VNTR loci ranged from 0.516 to 0.934 and the combined di

80 ddition, there were interactions between INS VNTR genotype and early postnatal weight gain in determi

81 Haplotypes *4, *6 and *8 are the only INS VNTR class III-bearing haplotypes, although differing in

82 INS-VNTR (insulin-variable number of tandem repeats) and AIR

83 We have studied the relationship between INS-VNTR class (measured by genotyping the nearby -23HphI va

84 been small and the relationship between INS-VNTR variation and parameters of early growth inconsiste

85 in loss of transcriptional activation of INS-VNTR except mutant P252L.

86 f AIRE is critical for the activation of INS-VNTR in human thymic epithelial cells.

87 Polymorphic INS-VNTR plays an important role in regulating insulin trans

88 led to generate convincing evidence that INS-VNTR variation influences early growth.

89 r, the transcriptional activation of the INS-VNTR by AIRE requires the insulin basal promoter.

90 The molecular mechanisms underlying the INS-VNTR haplotype-dependent insulin expression are still un

91 1 diabetes predisposition encoded by the INS-VNTR locus and a critical function played by AIRE, which

92 of WT, mutant, and chimeric AIREs on the INS-VNTR promoter.

93 AIRE heterozygous forms to modulate the INS-VNTR target revealed five mutations (R257X, G228W, C311f

94 ssion in thymic epithelial cells through INS-VNTR and subsequently induce either insulin tolerance or

95 time to be essential for DNA binding to INS-VNTR, whereas the intact PHD1, PHD2, LXXLL-3, and LXXLL-

96 Variation at the insulin gene (INS-)VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) minisatellite p

97 e identified and characterized an intergenic VNTR polymorphism in S. pyogenes that affects toxin prod

98 Here, we report an intergenic VNTR polymorphism that confers an altered level of toxin

99 The 3'-UTR but not intron8 VNTR genotypes were associated with increased DAT bindin

100 g of the two DAT (SLC6A3) 3'-UTR and intron8 VNTRs used standard protocols.

101 ollection of 167 M. intracellulare isolates, VNTR distinguished M. intracellulare into 42 clonal grou

102 Additionally, MUC1 lacking VNTRs did not increase TRPV5 activity.

103 our software for discovery of minisatellite VNTRs (pattern size >/= 7 nucleotides) using whole genom

104 e for genome-wide detection of minisatellite VNTRs.

105 MIRU-VNTR typing with cluster investigation was more successf

106 primers were designed to target the 12 MIRU-VNTR loci.

107 Although analysis of 19 MIRU-VNTR loci was needed to achieve maximum discrimination,

108 By 24 MIRU-VNTR typing, persons in clustered groups were 1.96 times

109 gning the number of tandem repeats to a MIRU-VNTR locus.

110 in the study period; 189 (92.6%) had an MIRU-VNTR profile.

111 he typing methods was high for RFLP and MIRU-VNTR (allelic diversity [h] = 0.99) but low for spoligot

112 ng deletion analysis, spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR analysis.

113 olates were tested by spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR, the addition of deletion analysis increased the nu

114 ferently by whole-genome sequencing and MIRU-VNTR.

115 ain(R) Genotype MTBC, spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR.

116 typing methods used at present, such as MIRU-VNTR, and provides insights into the biology of recurren

117 se findings suggest that 24-locus-based MIRU-VNTR typing is a likely suitable alternative to RFLP to

118 In conclusion, clusters (as defined by MIRU-VNTR typing) may be circulating for decades in a high-bu

119 Cluster analysis by MIRU-VNTR yielded a low clustering rate of 22.3%, with most o

120 0) were assessed by DNA fingerprinting (MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping), with additional interviews for

121 as indicated by genotypic clustering in MIRU-VNTR analysis, the most significant source of recent tra

122 lusters of cases with indistinguishable MIRU-VNTR profiles to identify epidemiological links.

123 ty study in Peru, we identified a large MIRU-VNTR Mtb cluster (148 isolates) with a range of resistan

124 ure-confirmed disease, DST, and 24-loci MIRU-VNTR were included in our analysis.

125 ethod for the detection and analysis of MIRU-VNTR amplicons.

126 n-dHPLC further enhances the utility of MIRU-VNTR typing.

127 ive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis.

128 ive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) classification, and that is both rapid and afforda

129 unit-variable number of tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing of pairs of isolates taken by sputum sampli

130 ive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing on M. tuberculosis culture-positive biopsy

131 ive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing to assess the diversity and transmission dy

132 ive-unit-variable-number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing were obtained routinely from the National T

133 units - variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR), and PyroTyping.

134 e units-variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR).

135 were analyzed using different software; MIRU-VNTR plus, SITVITWEB, BioNumerics and multivariable regr

136 microbial analysis system technology to MIRU-VNTR typing.

137 acterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU-VNTR), and IS6110-based restriction fragment length poly

138 reening for variations in the number of MIRU-VNTRs in mycobacterial DNA.

139 Most VNTR types with multiple patients belonged to the same 3

140 Observed in vitro variability of the Mpn1 VNTR locus prompted further analysis, which showed multi

141 bility testing, P1 subtyping, and multilocus VNTR (variable-number tandem repeats) analysis (MLVA) we

142 needed to assess the association of this new VNTR AKT1 variant in schizophrenia and drug-induced psyc

143 Forty-nine VNTR types and eight subtypes ofM. aviumsubsp.hominissui

144 We have developed a novel VNTR association method named VNTRtest, suitable for ass

145 teral NAION in the presence of two copies of VNTR B alleles of the GPIbalpha gene.

146 ic testing showed that he had both copies of VNTR B alleles of the GPIbalpha gene.

147 standing of rocA biology and the function of VNTR polymorphisms in S. pyogenes.

148 Moreover, genotyping of VNTR loci in a drug-selected line, progeny of a genetic

149 The pattern of VNTR amplicon sizes and repeat number defined each speci

150 mily members correlated with the presence of VNTR and the highest number of tandem repeats.

151 ch is 350 times slower than that of a set of VNTR repeats with similar diversity observed experimenta

152 variant (a surrogate for the subdivision of VNTR into class I and III alleles) most clearly defined

153 1 VWD demonstrated an excess transmission of VNTR 6 to unaffected individuals (P = .0096) and an asso

154 We demonstrate the valuable utility of VNTR markers in epidemiological investigations of natura

155 typed by both spoligotyping and analysis of VNTRs, 147 were identified as part of a cluster by both

156 approach for analysis of the contribution of VNTRs to disease susceptibility through association stud

157 and a framework for evaluating the roles of VNTRs in human evolution and disease.

158 Variable number of tandem repeats or VNTRs are polymorphic TR loci in which the number of pat

159 thesis derived from human data that the PER3 VNTR polymorphism modifies the sleep homeostatic respons

160 function of the DPMS, regardless of the PER3 VNTR polymorphism.

161 3 40 bp variable tandem repeat polymorphism (VNTR) and for 6/6 homozygotes of SLC6A3 30 bp VNTR.

162 We assessed genotype at the SLC6A3 promoter VNTR polymorphism in 96 healthy European Americans (age

163 bserved several rare alleles at the promoter VNTR (some novel) and population-specific distributions

164 The repeat-number variants at the promoter VNTR and the intron 2 VNTR, as well as the putative func

165 s at the two functional SNPs in the promoter VNTR show restricted distributions and occur primarily o

166 f reference TRs and then identifies putative VNTRs based on a discrepancy between the copy number of

167 les, accounting for the well-known 3' region VNTR polymorphism, we found that having two or more risk

168 sing 4 or 9 copies of the CLEC4M neck region VNTR showed reduced interaction with VWF relative to CLE

169 Five unrelated individuals had a 3-repeat VNTR(t,t) allele.

170 that the 9-repeat VNTR(t,t) and the 3-repeat VNTR(t,t) alleles arose independently.

171 The 2-, 3-, and 6-repeat VNTR alleles were the most common.

172 However, the 9-repeat VNTR(t,t) and 6-repeat VNTR(t) alleles shared the same haplotype, suggesting an

173 >A mutation in exon 3 and a variant 9-repeat VNTR allele (designated VNTR(t,t)) in intron 5 are in co

174 However, the 9-repeat VNTR(t,t) and 6-repeat VNTR(t) alleles shared the same h

175 plotype analysis indicates that the 9-repeat VNTR(t,t) and the 3-repeat VNTR(t,t) alleles arose indep

176 peat variants variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 4 DRD4 (odds ratio: 1.66; confidence interval: 1.1

177 y mapped to a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 5' of the insulin gene (INS).

178 mutations, a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) allele and a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP),

179 nit (MIRU-15)-variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis.

180 the promoter variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) and 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) immed

181 Variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) and spoligotyping analyses were used to assess tra

182 e copy of the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) B alleles of the GPIbalpha gene increases the risk

183 ons in the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) domain of carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) presents an

184 of a proximal variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) element.

185 pecific 69 bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in the last intron of WDR7, which exhibits strikin

186 Variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci have shown a remarkable ability to discrimina

187 ofiles at two variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci, which can provide discrimination within a PF

188 T1 gene a new variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) marker associated with baseline striatal dopamine

189 AS) explosion Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) polymorphism exploration has seemingly been left b

190 characterized variant number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in AKT1 [major alleles: L- (eight rep

191 of APZ and a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in DAT1/SLC6A3 (the gene encoding the

192 linked with a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the first exon of AS3MT that is as

193 using a novel variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) scheme and an automated repetitive-PCR (rep-PCR) s

194 (>80%) coding variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) sequence in the MUC1 gene encoding mucin 1.

195 y reporting a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) within the same PCSK6 locus to be associated with

196 nization of the DRD4 7R 48-bp tandem repeat (VNTR), we proposed that the 7R allele originated as a ra

197 solution over variable number tandem repeat (VNTR)-based clustering, it was insufficient for inferrin

198 ultiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) and single nucleotide polymorphism

199 of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) for molecular subtyping of C. diff

200 ultiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) has been explored as a tool for st

201 ed multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) method for the molecular typing of

202 nd multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) procedures.

203 ultiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA), (iii) clustered regularly intersp

204 potential of variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis.

205 m based on 21 variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci consisting of 13 previously unreported loci a

206 R-E and ETR-F variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci, and a sample of these strains was deleted fo

207 tive panel of variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) markers has been developed.

208 ording to the variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) of the clock gene PER3 polymorphism.

209 mate-specific variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) polymorphism (4 or 5 repeats 54 nt in length) in t

210 Variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms are ubiquitous in bacteria.

211 such as SINE/variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR)/Alu (SVA) elements, in trans.

212 AT 3' UTR variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and COMT Val158Met polymorphisms on brain activati

213 We used variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) for fingerprinting of respiratory isolates of M. i

214 volving a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) has been described in the 3' untranslated region o

215 ated as a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) is located upstream of the human insulin gene and

216 ulin gene variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite influences susceptibility to type 1

217 base pair variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism located in the 3'-untranslated region

218 d intron8 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms of the DAT (SLC6A3) gene.

219 es in its variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) region.

220 volving a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), were discovered in the putative protein coding re

221 ains several variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR), which have been used effectively in strain typing

222 sessing a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR).

223 data from 17 variable number tandem repeats (VNTR).

224 ene (INS) variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR; class I or class III alleles) locus has been assoc

225 unrecognized variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) also were detected by this method.

226 s (STRs) and variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are important sources of natural and disease-caus

227 Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) constitute a relatively under-examined class of g

228 nstrate that variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the Y. pestis genome can link human case isola

229 Variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) may evolve so rapidly that multiple profiles emer

230 acterized by variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) that bind the lectin galectin-3; galectin-3 siRNA

231 f variation: variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs).

232 d to contain variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs).

233 red the same spoligotype pattern or the same VNTR pattern, or both.

234 PFGE revealed most isolates with the same VNTR type to be clonal or exhibit similar grouping of ba

235 Seven VNTR loci separated 417 isolates into 49 types.

236 Seven VNTR loci were identified from the C. difficile 630 geno

237 S1) sequencing and characterized using seven VNTR primers.

238 h a shared spoligotype and 17% with a shared VNTR pattern were geographically linked within Harare, b

239 pe analysis (n = 998) in SZ implicates short VNTR length in risk, with longer lengths imparting a pro

240 ement named after its main components, SINE, VNTR and Alu.

241 SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposons, including their interna

242 ciated with an antisense insertion of a SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA)-type retrotransposon within an intron of

243 t-variable number of tandem repeat-Alu (SINE-VNTR-Alu), subfamily-E retrotransposon (SVA-E) inserted

244 on to retrotransposed RNAs [L1, Alu and SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA)], L1-RNPs are enriched with cellular mRNA

245 luding Long-Terminal-Repeats (LTRs) and SINE-VNTR-Alus (SVAs), that significantly affect gene express

246 tly active in the human genome, such as SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) and long interspersed nuclear element 1 (

247 abrogation was discovered via germline SINE-VNTR-Alu retrotransposition.

248 t disorder caused by a single mutation: SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon insertion in TAF1.

249 youngest active human retrotransposon, SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA).

250 izes and repeat number defined each specific VNTR type.

251 e.g. alpha satellite DNA, and locus specific VNTR arrays.

252 nditions, variants of the 5-HTTLPR and STin2 VNTR polymorphisms of SERT have been shown to confer a h

253 n, and two polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR and STin2 VNTR) of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT), we find

254 The 5-HTTLPR and the STin2 VNTR, but not the rs25531, polymorphisms of SERT are ass

255 cific repeat expansions and identify 52 STRs/VNTRs with at least 40 uninterrupted pure tracts as cand

256 We define a set of 1,584 STRs/VNTRs expanded specifically in humans, including large t

257 The results support VNTR data in describing distinct populations of highly s

258 This review will argue that VNTR investigations still hold substantial potential for

259 carried out in vivo and in vitro showed that VNTR profiles were sufficiently stable such that recover

260 In contrast, we observe that VNTRs not originating from retrotransposons have a prope

261 The VNTR genotype predicts promoter activity in luciferase a

262 The VNTR sequence loses its activation activity when linked

263 The more common alleles at the VNTR polymorphisms show wide geographic distributions, w

264 evaluate recombination effects excluding the VNTR and results indicate that recombination of the regi

265 tructs expressing CEL with 14 repeats in the VNTR (CEL14R) or C563fsX673 CEL (CEL maturity onset diab

266 tes of youth with a deletion mutation in the VNTR (MODY)).

267 ats (MUC1/2TR) or two isoforms that lack the VNTR region (MUC1/Z and MUC1/Y) showed that the highest

268 nism of regulation of YB-1 activation of the VNTR by CTCF.

269 The distributions of the VNTR copy numbers, the allelic diversity, and the low pr

270 The phenotypic effect of the VNTR polymorphism was nearly the same as that of inactiv

271 tion of the evolutionary conservation of the VNTR reveals a human lineage specific expansion.

272 ith YB-1, interferes with the ability of the VNTR to support YB-1-directed reporter gene expression.

273 homozygous for 2R, 4R, or 7R variants of the VNTR, a method developed to directly estimate haplotype

274 e structure, diversity, and evolution of the VNTR, we analyzed individuals from seven different popul

275 ct, whereas removal of the CT hexamer or the VNTR domain can result in a 75% decrease in activity.

276 l changes in loci were noted; otherwise, the VNTR profiles were stable during the course of the outbr

277 We also observed that the VNTR is expanded in both Denisovan and Neanderthal genom

278 This suggests that the VNTR profile of a strain of M. tuberculosis will be indi

279 vities differentially through binding to the VNTR region.

280 nt, -23HphI and +1140A/C, in addition to the VNTR.

281 Alleles of interest at the VNTRs occurred on specific haplotype backgrounds.

282 The large size of the repeat unit in this VNTR, along with our multiplexed sequencing strategy, pr

283 ctors responsible for the regulation of this VNTR.

284 provide a novel regulatory mechanism through VNTR length and alternative MIR137HG transcripts which c

285 iment, AIRE protein is capable of binding to VNTR class I and III probes.

286 wild-type (WT) mice, whereas the response to VNTR glycopeptides is equally strong in the two strains.

287 The response to VNTR peptides is weaker in MUC1-transgenic mice (MUC1-Tg

288 Specific alleles at two VNTR loci, (GGT)5 and 21-3, were highly associated with

289 Forty-two VNTR types were identified among 84 genotypes.

290 The region includes two VNTRs of complex sequence composition which flank a comm

291 ting the low-expressing allele of the MAOA u-VNTR (MAOA-L) in adversely prejudicing information proce

292 ified, including two previously unidentified VNTR types.

293 The USH1C VNTR region is highly conserved among primates, but not

294 Using VNTR results from a well-defined and characterized set o

295 ated cells were assessed for chimerism using VNTR probes.

296 sp.hominissuis VNTR types were defined using VNTR loci, and subtyping was performed using 3'hsp65and

297 apse isolates from 31 treated patients using VNTR combined with 16S multiplex PCR unambiguously and r

298 ters (SERT: 5HTTLPR plus rs25531; DAT1 3'UTR VNTR).

299 Because expression of MUC1 with VNTR on tumors was previously associated with chemotacti

300 caused by cryptic splicing variation within VNTRs.