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1 XPA and RPA, once forming a complex at the damage site,
2 XPA can be acetylated at lysines 63 and 67.
3 XPA is a unique and essential protein required for the n
4 XPA is an essential protein in eukaryotic NER, although
5 XPA is an essential protein in the nucleotide excision r
6 XPA protein levels are also approximately 3-fold lower i
7 XPA requires RASSF1A to exert full repair activity, and
8 XPA serves as a scaffold for NER, interacting with sever
9 XPA, another key factor in NER, interacts with ERCC1 and
10 XPA-deficient cells complemented with XPA containing a p
11 XPA-deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excess
13 ry complex could form between hRPA70(1-326), XPA-MBD and ssDNA, a (1)H-(15)N correlation spectrum was
18 ma pigmentosum (XP) complementation group A (XPA) is an essential scaffolding protein in the multipro
19 roderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) mice that are deficient in nucleotide excision repa
20 roderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) protein plays a critical role in the repair of DNA
21 n repair, the xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) protein, and the excision repair rate exhibit daily
22 roderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) to sites of nuclear UV photodamage, accelerating cl
23 r function of xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a major nucleotide excision repair (NER) factor, c
24 ysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with sev
26 roderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA), pygopus homolog 2 (PYGO2), protein phosphatase 2A
27 n in NHSFs; and, XP complementation group A (XPA), XP complementation group C, and XP complementation
28 urn activated Xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA)-binding protein 1 and induced nuclear translocation
31 the key NER factor xeroderma pigmentosum A (XPA) and facilitated recruitment of an XPA-ATR-pS435 com
36 PDs in a dose-dependent manner but not in an XPA-deficient cells, indicating that the nucleotide exci
37 um A (XPA) and facilitated recruitment of an XPA-ATR-pS435 complex to sites of cisplatin DNA damage.
39 The structure of ERCC1 in complex with an XPA peptide shows that only a small region of XPA intera
41 evented cAMP-mediated enhancement of ATR and XPA's associations with cisplatin-damaged DNA, indicatin
46 iRNA-peptide nanoplexes co-targeting MK2 and XPA to pre-existing p53-deficient tumors in a highly agg
48 s that any complex formation between RPA and XPA that involves the interaction between XPA-MBD and hR
51 ts reveal that damage recognition by XPC and XPA is critical to maintaining replication fork integrit
53 ated in other studies (MTNR1B, ZNF259/APOA5, XPA/FOXE1 (TTF-2), DARC, CCR3, ABO); 2) localized novel
54 basis for malfunction of disease-associated XPA missense mutations, and contribute to understanding
55 A-mediated ATR phosphorylation, disrupts ATR-XPA binding, delays recruitment of XPA to UV-damaged DNA
56 point mutation of XPA that disrupts the ATR-XPA interaction inhibits the nuclear import of XPA after
57 n together, our results suggest that the ATR-XPA interaction mediated by the helix-turn-helix motif o
59 nd XPA that involves the interaction between XPA-MBD and hRPA70(1-326) may be modulated by ssDNA.
60 uorescence microscopy reveals that DNA-bound XPA exhibits multiple modes of linear diffusion between
61 ogerin-induced apoptosis could be rescued by XPA, suggesting that XPA-replication fork binding may pr
62 lated kinase family kinases whereas in cells XPA was phosphorylated in an ATR-dependent manner and st
63 ide excision repair (NER) protein complexes, XPA-RPA and XPC-RAD23B, recognized ICLs in vitro, and th
64 At relatively low-protein concentrations, XPA formed a complex with DNA adduct as a monomer, while
69 demonstrated that both monomeric and dimeric XPA bound to the DNA adduct of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene
71 contact between the XPA DNA-binding domain (XPA DBD) and the RPA70AB tandem ssDNA-binding domains, w
73 alpha-MSH) or ACTH induce ATR-pS435, enhance XPA's association with UV-damaged DNA and optimize melan
76 Here we showed that the essential NER factor XPA (xeroderma pigmentosum group A) underwent nuclear ac
79 reduced interactions with the repair factor XPA and no stimulation of XPF-ERCC1 endonuclease activit
80 sically interacts with the DNA repair factor XPA, establishing the first functional role for XPC-N.
85 ved comparable decreases in zinc content for XPA (xeroderma pigmentosum group A) protein (CCCC zinc f
87 r results suggest that the dominant form for XPA to efficiently bind to DNA damage is the XPA dimer.
88 AB1), previously proposed to be required for XPA nuclear import, showed no effect on the nuclear impo
90 und 1 analogs exhibited good specificity for XPA over RPA (replication protein A), another DNA-bindin
92 otide excision repair (NER) components (e.g. XPA-1 and XPF-1) imparted extreme sensitivity to TMP/UVA
96 We have also demonstrated that the hOGG1, XPA, CSB and UVSSA proteins, as well as actively elongat
98 ehensive docking and refinement revealed how XPA DBD and RPA70AB orient on model NER DNA substrates.
101 ures of the central globular domain of human XPA and data on binding of DNA substrates have been repo
102 understand the DNA-binding activity of human XPA in NER, we used NMR to investigate the interaction o
103 studies demonstrate that treatment of human XPA-deficient fibroblasts with the pro-oxidative stresso
105 residue 219 yielded a stable, soluble human XPA(98-239) construct that binds to a Y-shaped ssDNA-dsD
106 atomic force microscopy, we show that human XPA binds and bends DNA by ~60 degrees as a monomer.
109 ith XPA-K6367Q, which mimics hyperacetylated XPA, display significantly higher UV sensitivity compare
110 ge transport adaptor importin-alpha4 imports XPA into the nucleus in an ATR-dependent manner, while X
111 tion-induced ATR signaling is compromised in XPA-deficient human cells during S phase, as shown by de
115 UV damage or HNE-dG adducts did not occur in XPA cell nuclear extracts that lack the capacity for NER
116 xidants (p = 7.6E-08); a block of 23 SNPs in XPA/FOXE1 (TTF-2) associated with serum TSH (p = 5.5E-08
118 cells from MyD88(-/-) mice did not increase XPA gene expression and did not enhance the survival of
119 revious report of a dependence of UV-induced XPA nuclear import on ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-rel
121 at HMGA1 proteins are involved in inhibiting XPA expression, resulting in increased UV sensitivity in
122 ndicate a 2.6-fold decrease in intracellular XPA mRNA in transgenic MCF-7 cells overexpressing HMGA1
123 PAF-R-stimulating activity in UVB-irradiated XPA-deficient fibroblasts using mass spectrometry reveal
124 ere developed to quantify ATR-pS435, measure XPA-photodamage interactions, and assess NER function.
126 tent with a working model in which monomeric XPA bends DNA, displays episodic phases of linear diffus
134 lable structural insight into the binding of XPA to ERCC1 derives from the solution NMR structure of
135 lyses indicated that the specific binding of XPA to the adduct was significantly facilitated and stab
136 more, a titration analysis of the binding of XPA to the human RPA indicated that it was the XPA2 that
138 Importantly, SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of XPA is required for optimal NER pathway since XPA-defici
141 r, our data suggest that the dimerization of XPA may play an important role in the DNA damage recogni
142 x motif in the minimal DNA-binding domain of XPA where an ATR phosphorylation site (serine 196) is lo
144 though Acr does not change the expression of XPA, XPC, hOGG1, PMS2 or MLH1 genes, it causes a reducti
147 that in mouse liver only a small fraction of XPA is acetylated and that downregulation of SIRT1 deace
149 A interaction inhibits the nuclear import of XPA after UV irradiation and, thus, significantly reduce
150 excision repair (NER) and nuclear import of XPA from the cytoplasm for NER is regulated in cellular
155 after UV exposure, no apparent induction of XPA protein is observed in MCF-7 cells expressing HMGA1.
156 Moreover, whereas a >2-fold induction of XPA proteins is observed in normal MCF-7 cells 30 min af
166 se that the uncharacteristic localization of XPA to or near DSBs inhibits DSB repair, thereby contrib
168 dence for an H4K20me2-dependent mechanism of XPA recruitment during lesion recognition in the global-
171 on mediated by the helix-turn-helix motif of XPA plays an important role in DNA-damage responses to p
173 to the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of XPA, importin-alpha4 or/and importin-alpha7 are required
174 ch is likely to influence the orientation of XPA and RPA on the damaged DNA substrate, remains poorly
175 e, we find that the circadian oscillation of XPA is achieved both by regulation of transcription by t
179 ts that the ATR-dependent phosphorylation of XPA may promote NER repair of persistent DNA damage.
180 bserved for hRPA70(1-326) in the presence of XPA-MBD and ssDNA as was previously observed in the pres
183 rupts ATR-XPA binding, delays recruitment of XPA to UV-damaged DNA, and elevates UV-induced mutagenes
184 TR-pS435 accumulation, delays recruitment of XPA to UV-damaged DNA, impairs NER and increases UV-indu
186 PMS2 or MLH1 genes, it causes a reduction of XPA, XPC, hOGG1, PMS2, and MLH1 proteins; this effect, h
187 PA peptide shows that only a small region of XPA interacts with ERCC1 to form a stable complex exhibi
189 ulate NER activity through the regulation of XPA redistribution in human cells upon UV irradiation.
190 esis evidence linking HMGA1 to repression of XPA transcription via binding to a negative regulatory e
191 tion assays, we demonstrate that the role of XPA is in the stabilization of the duplex DNA structure
194 Although multiple solution NMR structures of XPA(98-219) have been determined, the molecular basis fo
196 importin-alpha7 in nuclear translocation of XPA in the absence of DNA damage, perhaps with specifici
197 otein 1 and induced nuclear translocation of XPA, a critical factor controlling nucleotide excision r
199 on-dependent formation of different types of XPA-damaged DNA complex may play a role in cellular regu
202 We show that loss of the DNA repair protein XPA markedly augments the synthetic lethality between MK
206 on recent data showing how the NER proteins, XPA, XPC, XPG, CSA, CSB and UV-DDB, work to stimulate kn
207 ient in the NER damage recognition proteins, XPA and XPC, accumulate more DSBs in response to chromos
208 epair complex consisting of AKAP12-ATR-pS435-XPA at photodamage, which is essential for cAMP-enhanced
211 and its SNP variant differentially regulate XPA protein acetylation, and the SNP variant hyperstabil
212 A-binding assay that the previously reported XPA DBD binds DNA with substantially weaker affinity tha
213 rates cooperative damage recognition by RPA, XPA, and XPC followed by three kinetic proofreading step
214 clude that, in addition to damaged DNA, RPA, XPA, XPC, TFIIH, XPG, XPF-ERCC1, ATR-ATRIP, TopBP1, and
215 ore nucleotide excision repair factors (RPA, XPA, XPC, TFIIH, XPG, and XPF-ERCC1), core DNA damage ch
216 he low-specificity recognition factors, RPA, XPA, and XPC, act in a cooperative manner to locate the
217 nstrate here the formation of a ternary RPA, XPA, and duplex cisplatin-damaged DNA complex as is evid
218 DNA was studied, even though binding of RPA-XPA complex to adducted DNA was observed, the presence o
221 PA is required for optimal NER pathway since XPA-deficient cells complemented with XPA-K6367Q, which
222 wild-type, this study also looks at specific XPA(6)(7)(-)(8)(0) mutants in complex with the ERCC1 cen
223 on of PARP activity decreases UVR-stimulated XPA chromatin association, illustrating that these relat
224 ATR-deficient cells displayed no substantial XPA nuclear translocation while the translocation remain
225 Two-dimensional (15)N-(1)H NMR suggested XPA(98-239) contains the same globular core as XPA98-219
228 although PCNA is much more competitive than XPA in binding replication forks, PCNA sequestration by
229 ecognized by XPC-hHR23B alone, but also that XPA-RPA may interact cooperatively with XPC-hHR23B on da
231 hat the XPA DBD should be redefined and that XPA(98-239) is a suitable model to examine the DNA bindi
233 agreement with a recent report, we find that XPA is post-translationally modified by acetylation.
242 sis could be rescued by XPA, suggesting that XPA-replication fork binding may prevent apoptosis in HG
247 NA, the MSH2 mismatch repair protein and the XPA nucleotide excision repair (NER) factor are among th
252 esidues (Asn-110 and Tyr-145) located in the XPA-binding site of ERCC1 dramatically affected NER but
256 ction of the NER pathway, the binding of the XPA protein to the ERCC1 subunit of the repair endonucle
257 s manifested by XPC-dependent binding of the XPA protein to the nuclear matrix, which was also observ
258 process is well studied, the function of the XPA protein, which is of central importance for successf
261 m molecular-dynamics simulation study of the XPA(6)(7)(-)(8)(0) peptide both bound to the ERCC1 centr
262 the first to develop novel inhibitors of the XPA-DNA interaction through structure-guided drug design
265 Together, our results demonstrate that the XPA DBD should be redefined and that XPA(98-239) is a su
267 hese disease-associated mutations map to the XPA(98-219) DNA-binding domain (DBD) first reported ~20
273 restingly, the binding of importin-alpha4 to XPA was dependent on UV-irradiation, while the binding o
275 show that restoring expression of wild-type XPA in HMGA1-expressing cells rescues UV resistance comp
276 pared with cells complemented with wild-type XPA, although no effect was observed for repair of (6-4)
281 sults inform ongoing controversy about where XPA is bound within the NER bubble, provide structural i
282 -ribose) facilitates PARP-1 association with XPA in whole cell extracts, in isolated chromatin comple
283 n cells, HMGB1 functions in association with XPA on ICLs and facilitates the formation of a favorable
287 since XPA-deficient cells complemented with XPA-K6367Q, which mimics hyperacetylated XPA, display si
288 The XPA-deficient cells complemented with XPA-S196A mutant, in which Ser196 was substituted with a
292 s that are critical for the interaction with XPA and assessed their importance for NER in vitro and i
299 ures of the central globular domain of yeast XPA (Rad14) with lesion-containing DNA duplexes have pro
300 of the DNA binding domain (DBD) of the yeast XPA homolog Rad14 bound to DNA with either a cisplatin l