ライフサイエンスコーパス: abstraction

1 oping on the C-O carbon atom progressing C-H abstraction.

2 Gilead et al. present a rich account of abstraction.

3 in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

4 and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction.

5 tates evoked by different levels of artistic abstraction.

6 down into sub-problems at various levels of abstraction.

7 sponding Co-imine complexes via alpha-H-atom abstraction.

8 emonstrated feasibility for large-scale data abstraction.

9 ion but on a higher, view-invariant level of abstraction.

10 ns in surface waters used for drinking water abstraction.

11 lectron transfer, and concerted halogen-atom abstraction.

12 contributes to the driving force for H-atom abstraction.

13 on criteria and were carried forward to data abstraction.

14 this residue is perfectly placed for proton abstraction.

15 amethylpiperidin-1-ol derivatives via H atom abstraction.

16 he kinetic significance of the hydrogen atom abstraction.

17 adicals, allowing their first use for H atom abstraction.

18 translocation rather than slower direct H(*)-abstraction.

19 nism and site of sepsis through manual chart abstraction.

20 tations with diverse functions and levels of abstraction.

21 y function, itself requires representational abstraction.

22 requiring manual or automated clinical data abstraction.

23 namely that mental travel might also support abstraction.

24 C-H functionalization via 1,5-hydrogen atom abstraction.

25 t and were selected for full-text review and abstraction.

26 eved by thiyl radical mediated hydrogen-atom abstraction.

27 direct the 5'-dAdo* toward productive H-atom abstraction.

28 er a thoughtful and much-needed treatment of abstraction.

29 rease in delta was associated with increased abstraction.

30 ndardized interviews and from medical record abstraction.

31 s acidity of the TMSBr reagent through anion abstraction.

32 ata was tested to perform semi-automated SSI abstraction.

33 r are due to different model assumptions and abstractions.

34 d constructions, dehalogenations, and H-atom abstractions.

35 hat explains how humans discover such useful abstractions.

36 m visual speech without employing high-level abstractions.

37 nt in raw water (RW) disappeared after water abstraction, accompanied by a substantial decrease in bo

38 The hydrogen-abstraction/acetylene-addition (HACA) mechanism has been

39 ize by traditional pathways such as hydrogen-abstraction/acetylene-addition.

40 is-1,2-mu-H-3-hydrotriboranes, while hydride abstraction affords cationic triboranes, which represent

41 most deliberative thought including complex abstractions, agent actions, and/or perceived environmen

42 This abstraction allows us to apply principles derived from l

43 rates that, beyond building accurate models, abstraction also functions to build accurate models but

44 After medical records abstraction and adjudication, we identified 1086 hospita

45 MgMe(2), and ZnMe(2) proceeds with chloride abstraction and alkane elimination to form the bis-cyclo

46 erger of silyl radical-mediated halogen-atom abstraction and benzophenone photosensitization.

47 can be explained by a mechanism in which C-H abstraction and C-O bond formation are merged into a dyn

48 Medical record abstraction and case patient interviews were conducted w

49 hierarchy of classification and information abstraction and combines boosting, bagging, and strong d

50 , which in turn are susceptible to allylic H-abstraction and further beta-fragmentation leading to di

51 wed that a dual-cycle consisting of hydrogen abstraction and hydrogen addition can satisfactorily exp

52 l, through sequential steps of hydrogen-atom abstraction and hydrogen-atom donation mediated by two d

53 cific estimates of non-renewable groundwater abstraction and international food trade data.

54 me initiates its reaction by C(alpha) H-atom abstraction and is able to catalyze the formation of non

55 mic unfavorability of both its hydrogen atom abstraction and oligomerization reactions can be attribu

56 the presence of this cluster both via H-atom abstraction and oxygenation with approximately 50% combi

57 Data were obtained by medical record abstraction and patient interviews, and a physician pane

58 be a first computational step towards sound abstraction and perception, serving to form an increasin

59 et al.'s approach to human cognition places abstraction and prediction at the heart of "mental trave

60 scavenging, electron transfer, hydrogen atom abstraction and radical adduct formation.

61 bility of LCuF to perform both hydrogen atom abstraction and radical capture was leveraged to enable

62 ronic acid residue, thus allowing reversible abstraction and readdition of a proton at the C5 positio

63 nitive control task that varied in levels of abstraction and set-size.

64 picture language and mathematical concepts: abstraction and simulation.

65 at consists of enantiodifferentiative H-atom abstraction and stereoretentive radical substitution.

66 abstraction evoke different levels of mental abstraction and suggest that CLT provides an empirical a

67 )Mo(NH3)2(eta(2)-C2H4) enabled hydrogen atom abstraction and synthesis of a terminal nitride from coo

68 s that are reprogrammable-at a high level of abstraction and thus without requiring knowledge of the

69 ified, and 15 of these met criteria for data abstraction and were included in this assessment.

70 in terms of deep hierarchies over levels of abstraction and, crucially, time - and how this underwri

71 , and predominantly based on medical records abstraction and/or drug prescription audits.

72 nfluenza, 80 261 had complete medical record abstractions and available ICD codes (median age, 69 yea

73 and export API queries; understand the data abstractions and indices available in MG-RAST; and use t

74 nonexperts alike) is the absence of suitable abstractions and interfaces for programming living matte

75 ed, when available, data from medical-record abstractions and patient interviews.

76 concerning the ability to solve problems by abstraction) and crystalized intelligence (Gc, related t

77 al radical reactions (dimerization, hydrogen abstraction, and addition to ethylene) for representativ

78 wo reviewers performed study selection, data abstraction, and risk of bias assessment.

79 We argue that prediction relies on abstraction, and thus theories of predictive cognition n

80 ays that representation and representational abstraction are involved with, and exploit, both predict

81 rather than classical Norrish hydrogen atom abstraction as initially conceived.

82 plicit positivist one-way hierarchy that has abstraction as the goal.

83 ective tertiary amine-mediated hydrogen-atom abstraction at the N6-methyl group to form an alpha-amin

84 ement of C-H by C-D raises the hydrogen atom abstraction barriers and enables a regioselectivity swit

85 that excited state competition for hydrogen abstraction between secondary adamantyl and benzylic hyd

86 Despite their distinct single-cell abstraction, both spatially extended and point models pe

87 multiple variables in a geometry reflecting abstraction but that still allowed a linear classifier t

88 cut-off score decreased the amount of manual abstraction by >=90%, resulting in <1% false negatives i

89 Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction by 2 reviewers.

90 hat the reaction proceeds through 1,5-H atom abstraction by a hydroxyl radical generated with iron.

91 chlorides can be easily activated by Cl-atom abstraction by a silyl radical with similar rates.

92 of saturated hydrocarbons upon APCI, hydride abstraction by carbocation reagent ions, is not correct.

93 Selective alpha-C-H abstraction by in situ generated trifluoromethyl radical

94 ope effect (KIE) = 6, consistent with H-atom abstraction by S being the rate-determining step.

95 uterium isotope effects on the hydrogen atom abstraction by the adenosyl radical were used to investi

96 d causes an upshift in its HOMO for electron abstraction by the dye.

97 d haloalkyne, assisted by a concerted proton abstraction by the triflate, and that the protodeauratio

98 Soderquist's KH* gave (R,R)-19, and hydride abstraction by TMSCl in the presence of alkenes resulted

99 nd trifluoromethyl radical, and (3) hydrogen abstraction by trifluoromethyl radical from the starting

100 on of bonds by transition-metal complexes, H-abstractions by oxo-metal species, ionic cleavage of hal

101 Trajectories reveal that H4' abstraction can disrupt the deoxyribose moiety through t

102 However, H5' abstraction can lead DNA cleavage at 5' end through the

103 lying them to different contexts presupposes abstraction capacities and implies a high level of cogni

104 trate that the observed enhancement of the H-abstraction catalysis for these systems is a purely elec

105 design of new and highly efficient hydrogen-abstraction catalysts.

106 een severely impacted by anthropogenic water abstraction causing the river to stop flowing for prolon

107 We used matched interview and medical record abstraction data from the 2009-2012 data cycles of the M

108 il engineering, synthetic biologists utilize abstraction, decoupling and standardization to make the

109 forms of active thought are then addressed: abstraction, deduction, reasoning in well-structured and

110 nd a conservation descriptor into high level abstraction descriptors, where the shared representation

111 ative in which kinetic selectivity for Si-Br abstraction dominates due to a combination of polar effe

112 atalytic cycles to achieve hydridic C-H bond abstraction (enabled by polarity matching), alkyl halide

113 We leverage the notion that abstraction enables prediction to generate novel insight

114 emonstrate that different levels of artistic abstraction evoke different levels of mental abstraction

115 The pi-trajectory for H atom abstraction (Fe(IV) horizontal lineO oriented perpendicu

116 zyl palladium(II) complexes undergo fluoride abstraction followed by 1,1-migratory insertion.

117 hat catalysis proceeds through hydrogen atom abstraction followed by radical rebound, as observed in

118 (D) = 38.4(1)], suggesting a stepwise H-atom abstraction followed by radical recombination.

119 igator abstracted data, and a second checked abstractions for accuracy; 2 investigators independently

120 article using a validated, standardized data abstraction form.

121 iew, including detailed instructions with an abstraction form.

122 Chloride abstraction from [(R,R)-((iPr) DuPhos)Co(mu-Cl)](2) with

123 Radical H atom abstraction from a set of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) c

124 Selectivity for halogen-atom abstraction from alkyl bromides is observed in the prese

125 The rate-limiting step is the iodine abstraction from an alkyl iodide by (.) Mn(CO)5 .

126 (IMes)(2)] undergoes very fast chlorine atom abstraction from aryl chlorides to give [Ni(I)(IMes)(2)C

127 here is a roughly 85:1 preference for H atom abstraction from C6 versus C7; however, this inverts to

128 age of H(2)O(2) and subsequent hydrogen atom abstraction from chitin by the copper-oxyl intermediate

129 )(.) via dG(N2-H)(.) following hydrogen atom abstraction from dG is unlikely to be a major pathway wh

130 ese reactions are expected to involve H atom abstraction from each of two adjacent carbon centers (C6

131 ions showed that (*)OH oxidizes 6:2 FTS by H-abstraction from ethyl carbons.

132 NHC-boryl radicals were generated by H-atom abstraction from NHC-ligated trihydroborates.

133 For the electron abstraction from PFOA, we investigated reactions using p

134 he rate-limiting step was the first electron abstraction from PFOA, yet the generation of SO(4)(*-) f

135 indicate that C-H amidation involves H-atom abstraction from R-H substrates by nitrene intermediates

136 te coefficients were determined for hydrogen abstraction from the alpha-carbon and from tertiary C-H

137 ting step in the oxidations involves hydride abstraction from the carbinol carbon of the alcohol subs

138 a species responsible for both hydrogen atom abstraction from the CH reagent and the selective format

139 3 is also formed via H-atom abstraction from the corresponding mu-1,1-hydroperoxo di

140 yping using structured and unstructured data abstraction from the electronic health record or wearabl

141 indicating that it is caused by an electron abstraction from the lipid double bond.

142 le-bond addition and terminated by radical H-abstraction from the lipid.

143 ured for aminoalkyl radicals produced from H abstraction from the methyl group, which also gives OH r

144 ith dG was proposed to involve hydrogen atom abstraction from the N2-amine.

145 purine radical resulting from hydrogen atom abstraction from the N6-amine of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA*)

146 ranone and a methyl radical; and 4) hydrogen abstraction from the NHC-borane to return the initial NH

147 Formal hydrogen atom abstraction from the nitrogen-hydrogen bonds in purine n

148 MDS, which is then followed by hydrogen atom abstraction from the protonated sulfur atom in DMDS by t

149 of the initial (and rate-determining) H-atom abstraction from the stearoyl substrate as compared to t

150 e first example of acid-induced, oxygen-atom abstraction from the surface of a polyoxometalate cluste

151 usical segment is remarkable, as it requires abstraction from the temporal structure of the stimulus.

152 and consequences for indirect drinking water abstraction from these streams.

153 Individual methods and models comprise abstractions from and idealizations of nature, and only

154 We argue that this ability requires abstraction (from concrete features to broad mental cate

155 ns and feedback loops at different levels of abstraction-from genetic regulation to whole-organism sh

156 bout their performance across many levels of abstraction-from local confidence in individual decision

157 The former proceeds through oxygen atom abstraction, generating CO (with rearrangement of the pu

158 ncepts toward the higher end of the proposed abstraction gradient, Gilead et al. do not consider the

159 Semi-automated machine learning-aided SSI abstraction greatly accelerates the abstraction process

160 The latter begin with hydrogen abstraction (HA) from Ch by a reactive free radical.

161 enation sequence by sequential hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) and radical capture.

162 nd dissociation mechanisms) following H-atom abstraction (HAA) from a substrate C-H bond by high-vale

163 effect (KIE = 31.9 +/- 1.0) suggests H-atom abstraction (HAA) is the rate-determining step, indicati

164 (5) formed from intermolecular hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) of strong C-H bonds (BDE ~ 100 kcal/mo

165 H(+) and e(-) transfers as net hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) steps using the 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylph

166 ound hydroxylation at the site of the H-atom abstraction (HAA); however, recent reports have shown th

167 that is subsequently used for drinking water abstraction has been previously referred to as de facto

168 f complexity, synthetic biology relies on an abstraction hierarchy composed of multiple levels (Endy,

169 tion process is proposed to occur by radical abstraction/hydrodehalogenation steps at ruthenium.

170 g the authors' concentration on the issue of abstraction, I critique (a) the philosophical nature of

171 n communication, people raise their level of abstraction in order to create a common understanding wi

172 estions concerning mental representation and abstraction in the context of current models of predicti

173 d accurately predict major sites of hydrogen abstraction in the metabolism of drug-like molecules, an

174 e selectivity of S-oxygenation versus H atom abstraction in thiolate-ligated nonheme metalloenzymes t

175 all-encompassing view about the influence of abstractions in predictive processing, I suggest that mo

176 th and/or 10th Revisions codes, manual chart abstraction informed etiology, functional class, and lef

177 We propose that abstraction is an interpersonal process and serves a soc

178 Silicon-mediated fluoride abstraction is demonstrated as a means of generating the

179 argue that this theory does not specify how abstraction is done at each of these levels.

180 ion of streams through actions such as water abstraction is likely to further exacerbate loss of taxa

181 linked in Knowledge Oriented Pathways as an abstraction layer and user interface to more easily quer

182 te and optimize applications (toolflows) and abstraction layers.

183 psychological scientists, its high level of abstraction makes it potentially relevant to any subject

184 he reaction is believed to proceed via a C-H abstraction mechanism after Ag(I)-mediated reduction of

185 ehavior provides insight into the activation/abstraction mechanism processes involved in these Group

186 mic properties of the two-step, halogen-atom abstraction mechanism, validated by analyzing kinetic is

187 vation proceeds via a concerted halogen-atom abstraction mechanism.

188 a distinct mechanism proceeding via fluoride abstraction, migratory insertion, and C-F reductive elim

189 which consists of a Turing-complete software-abstraction model and a versatile abstract neuromorphic

190 partners, is predicated upon a halogen atom abstraction/nickel radical-capture mechanism that is gen

191 ed reduction of the quinone or as a hydrogen abstraction-Norrish Type II-reaction.

192 General intelligence is a statistical abstraction, not a cognitive trait, and we argue that th

193 ther, a cyclization with subsequent hydrogen abstraction occurred (three examples, 65-86% yield).

194 Abstraction of a chloride ligand from the dysprosium met

195 paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and its abstraction of a H-atom to afford 3(Me).

196 most likely catalytic mechanism begins with abstraction of a hydrogen atom from C-4 (or possibly C-3

197 saturation pathway, followed by a sequential abstraction of a hydrogen atom or proton-coupled electro

198 a neutral hydrogen molecule, followed by the abstraction of a proton from the remaining CHOH(2+) frag

199 onents of hierarchical control: the level of abstraction of a rule and the number of rules in competi

200 hierarchical cognitive control: the level of abstraction of a rule, and the number of rules that must

201 ys a central role in semantic processing for abstraction of concepts.

202 ed non-pain complications assessed by double abstraction of electronic health records (EHRs) of 600 i

203 ted nonpain complications assessed by double abstraction of electronic health records (EHRs) of 600 i

204 Abstraction of H(-) from the latter compound produces an

205 transformations that are often initiated by abstraction of hydrogen from carbon by iron(IV)-oxo (fer

206 Abstraction of iodide from [(eta(5) -C(5) (i) Pr(5) )(2)

207 tion occurred during August 2018, with chart abstraction of live birth and pregnancy information comp

208 ions was compared based on patient report vs abstraction of medical records.

209 e" reactivation of brain patterns allows the abstraction of new knowledge from previous experience.

210 The abstraction of oxygen from the 1-O, sulfenato species, i

211 Abstraction of pyridine was carried out using B(C(6)F(5)

212 s to access the three-coordinate aluminyl by abstraction of pyridine with BF(3).Et(2)O unexpectedly l

213 Where the abstraction of surface water for drinking water producti

214 , occurring mainly via photoinduced electron abstraction of surrounding electron rich molecules (solv

215 Products arising from selective abstraction of the equatorial hydrogens of cis-1,2-diol

216 n hospitalized patients was obtained through abstraction of the inpatient medical record.

217 Formation of [3](2+) occurs through abstraction of the platinum-bound chloride ligand by the

218 on the adoption of higher level mathematical abstractions of cancer biology.

219 esent biologically and clinically meaningful abstractions of cancer gene expression data.

220 DAA treatment on the basis of medical record abstraction; of 442 patients with treatment start and/or

221 and "possible" SSI groups, with manual data abstraction only performed on the "possible" group.

222 kably robust regardless of the level of task abstraction or engagement of memory functions.

223 o photoproducts arising from formal hydrogen abstraction or Paterno-Buchi (PB) photoreaction, with a

224 product of the human aptitude for perceptual abstraction or result from frequent exposure to cartoons

225 process involves radical addition, hydrogen abstraction, or one-electron transfer to the ring follow

226 The commentaries address our view of abstraction, our ontology of abstract entities, and our

227 n of this unexpected selective hydrogen atom abstraction pathway and find that the alternative C(3)-H

228 ds via a silyl-radical-mediated halogen atom abstraction pathway, which enables perfluoroalkylation o

229 arine boundary layer (MBL), via the hydrogen abstraction pathway, yields the short-lived methylthiome

230 r mild conditions, and catalyses C-H hydride abstraction plus H2 generation from a model substrate.

231 t with the gold standard based on full chart abstraction, pointing towards additional efficiency in t

232 rate is observed for the bifunctional 2ME (4 abstraction positions) over n-butanol (5 abstraction pos

233 (4 abstraction positions) over n-butanol (5 abstraction positions).

234 ided SSI abstraction greatly accelerates the abstraction process and achieves very good performance.

235 ointing towards additional efficiency in the abstraction process by making it possible for abstractor

236 redit to the possibility that the process of abstraction produces a gradient, and underestimates the

237 - and biradicals produce abundant thiomethyl abstraction products and small amounts of DMDS radical c

238 ibution-and abundance relative to the H-atom abstraction products-changes in the presence of good H-a

239 We focus on the theory of abstraction proposed by the target article.

240 OA) mechanism has been replaced by a halogen abstraction-radical capture (HARC) sequence that allows

241 icture has long been that the reported lipid abstraction rate from radiolysis studies is faster than

242 elevated temperatures, a slightly high total abstraction rate is observed for the bifunctional 2ME (4

243 hloromethane solution, the rate of an H atom abstraction reaction can be accelerated by a factor of ~

244 eaction that is initiated by a hydrogen atom abstraction reaction, which enables a keto-enol tautomer

245 s remain intact during this directed radical abstraction reaction.

246 in hydrogen-abstraction reactions by a) an oxoferryl porphyrin radic

247 and (b) on the very detailed dynamics of the abstraction reactions of ground-state methane (and isoto

248 (2)(*-))](2+) (1), as demonstrated in H atom abstraction reactions with certain phenolic ArO-H and hy

249 H-atom abstraction reactions, which are essential processes occ

250 production of H(2)NCO and HNCO from hydrogen-abstraction reactions.

251 Deoxygenation, by reduction or O atom abstraction reagents, occurs for the 1-O addition comple

252 rophysiological test case for the prediction-abstraction relationship.

253 Surgical outcome abstraction remains laborious and a barrier to the susta

254 fails to build on an extensive literature on abstraction, representational diversity, neurocognition,

255 by evaluation of energy barriers for proton abstraction required to form the intermediate undergoing

256 ng to Gilead and colleagues, to be efficient abstraction requires a hierarchical organization of info

257 n with a 20 percent reduction in groundwater abstraction shows spatially varied aquifer responses.

258 The process of abstraction solves this by constructing variables descri

259 e superoxide for completing the vital proton abstraction step without the need for any external metal

260 oceeds through two consecutive hydrogen atom abstraction steps from two adjacent carbon atoms and in

261 We show that the order of the hydrogen atom abstraction steps, however, is opposite of those expecte

262 On this basis, we developed a hydrogen-atom abstraction strategy that allows for a controlled polyme

263 Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental trav

264 ity to test predictions at a higher level of abstraction than what is afforded by the feedforward swe

265 DNA-protein interface at different levels of abstraction that can be exported as high quality figures

266 address these shortcomings, we developed an abstraction that maps commonly reported methodological i

267 to implement, and current FRM benchmarks are abstractions that are difficult to relate to how valuabl

268 between layers, so the challenge is to find abstractions that expose key details while hiding enough

269 ems involved in state representation perform abstractions that facilitate such equivalence relations.

270 Here, we demonstrate that abstractions that minimize error in predictions of rewar

271 These results contrast with those using abstractions that myopically maximize reward in any give

272 uch transfer typically requires discovery of abstractions that permit analogical reuse of previously

273 presented differently from other products of abstraction, that goal-derived categorization supports t

274 many simulations draw upon only one level of abstraction, the process for generating rich simulations

275 representations to support metacognition is abstraction: they should emerge irrespective of the sour

276 echanism of autoxidation proceeds via H-atom abstraction through a cyclic network of peroxy-hydropero

277 tween species-level trait data and PFT-level abstractions, thus providing a realistic representation

278 plied and that allow the different levels of abstraction to be related.

279 reaction networks (CRNs) provide a powerful abstraction to formally represent complex biochemical pr

280 ) )}] reacts with 1As and 1P by alpha-proton abstraction to give [U(Tren(TIPS) )(CHEPh(3) )] (Tren(TI

281 review, 37 articles underwent detailed data abstraction to quantify risk and evidence regarding surv

282 onds and, via a remarkable oxide (O(2-)) ion abstraction, to generate a borenium cation [(HCDippN)(2)

283 y through 4 TB programs using a standardized abstraction tool.

284 hrough four TB programs using a standardized abstraction tool.

285 patients using the same administrative data abstraction tools as in the trial.

286 eagent that can participate in chlorine atom abstraction under mild photocatalytic conditions.

287 tch from aliphatic to aldehyde hydrogen atom abstraction upon deuteration of the substrate, leading t

288 We suggest that abstraction varies at different levels of learning, cogn

289 An increase in the level of abstraction was associated with delta oscillations, wher

290 Abstraction was defined operationally using the generali

291 tably, neither H2 activation nor C-H hydride abstraction was observed in the analogous complex with a

292 Using standardized medical record abstraction, we collected data on predictors including a

293 ional health assessment, and medical history abstraction were repeated 9.4 +/- 0.4 years after the Fo

294 Chart review and computer-assisted abstraction were used to identify patients with pneumope

295 eactivity (e.g., nitrene transfer and H-atom abstraction), where the divergent reactivity is rational

296 ude during conditions with a higher level of abstraction, whereby beta band may potentially represent

297 iety is achieved either via intermolecular H-abstraction with a CF(3)-radical or via alkene perfluoro

298 llix program presented here combines a helix abstraction with a combinatorial approach to the RNA fol

299 e-ligated complex can be activated by halide abstraction with sodium salts, with the resulting cataly

300 nd that the alternative C(3)-H hydrogen atom abstraction would be followed by a low-energy and compet