ライフサイエンスコーパス: aflatoxin

1 lites, including lovastatin, penicillin, and aflatoxin.

2 izes the secondary metabolite and carcinogen aflatoxin.

3 s with the carcinogenic secondary metabolite aflatoxin.

4 et of accumulation of aflatoxin proteins and aflatoxin.

5 convert modified mycotoxins into their free aflatoxins.

6 he growth of A. flavus and its production of aflatoxins.

7 s due to its ability to produce carcinogenic aflatoxins.

8 lities to produce highly toxic, carcinogenic aflatoxins.

9 U regulatory threshold (4.0 ug/kg) for total aflatoxins.

10 Exposure to aflatoxins (0.1 to 10 muM; 5 to 10 minutes) reduced base

11 s of trade; then examined how regulations of aflatoxin, a common contaminant of maize, are similar or

12 Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin contaminating corn and other comm

13 e flour from moldy kernels showed 7.5 ppb of aflatoxin A1, 25.0 ppb of aflatoxin A2, and 1229.4 ppb o

14 showed 7.5 ppb of aflatoxin A1, 25.0 ppb of aflatoxin A2, and 1229.4 ppb of fumonisin B1, any of the

15 own that RNA interference (RNAi) can prevent aflatoxin accumulation in transformed peanuts.

16 neohesperidin (NEO) and quercetin (QUER) on aflatoxins accumulation by a selected Aspergillus parasi

17 Natural occurrence of aflatoxin (AF) in agricultural soils, green leafy vegeta

18 secondary metabolite and a precursor to the aflatoxins (AF), is located in a approximately 54 kb, 23

19 d deaths per year, with dietary exposures to aflatoxin (AFB1) and subsequent DNA adduct formation bei

20 etely inhibited production of both B1 and B2 aflatoxins (AFB1 and AFB2) at a concentration of 150 mug

21 er to evaluate the possible co-occurrence of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFG1, AFB2 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OT

22 Concentrations of the total aflatoxin, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, afl

23 In present study aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) were analysed in

24 etry for the extraction and determination of aflatoxins (AFs) B1, B2, G1 and G2 from food was success

25 multaneously minimize the contamination with aflatoxins (AFs) B1, G1, B2 and G2.

26 Aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZE

27 d fig were analysed for the incidence of any aflatoxins (AFs).

28 Total aflatoxins (AFT) and ochratoxin A (OTA) levels were esti

29 ere assayed for aflatoxin exposure using the aflatoxin-albumin adduct (AF-alb) biomarker.

30 mples were collected and analyzed for plasma aflatoxin-albumin adducts (AF-alb) using ELISA, and urin

31 By contrast, mean aflatoxin-albumin concentration in intervention villages

32 f predictive power and model performance for aflatoxin analysis and they are equally effective and ac

33 e the spectroscopic method best suitable for aflatoxin analysis in maize (Zea mays L.) grain based on

34 Our data indicate that the aflatoxin and adjacent sugar utilization clusters are pa

35 lationship was observed between Cr and total Aflatoxin and Aflatoxin B1; whereas Ochratoxin A was rel

36 The results suggest that aflatoxin and aflatrem biosynthesis may remediate oxidat

37 Aflatoxin and fumonisin are toxic food contaminants.

38 ted the association between child growth and aflatoxin and fumonisin exposure in Tanzania.

39 are potentially involved in the formation of aflatoxin and other secondary metabolites, as well as in

40 e quantification limit is 0.5 mug kg(-1) for aflatoxins and 1 mug kg(-1) for alpha-zearalenol and zea

41 concentration levels (0.5-25 mug kg(-1) for aflatoxins and 1-25 mug kg(-1) for alpha-zearalenol and

42 flavus strains producing elevated levels of aflatoxins and CPA.

43 gnature" cancer rates confirming exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins.

44 Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were not detected in any of

45 Mycotoxins, such as aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, are presently considered as

46 sonator arrays to effectively identify total aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, at low concentrations (3 ng

47 d for the method were between 0.2ngL(-1) for aflatoxins and ochratoxin, and 2.0ngL(-1) for fumonisins

48 xposure, but effects were blocked by an anti-aflatoxin antibody only with A. flavus CM.

49 Aflatoxins are fungal metabolites that frequently contam

50 Aflatoxins are highly toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic and

51 Aflatoxins are mycotoxins secreted by Aspergillus flavus

52 Aflatoxins are potential food pollutants produced by fun

53 Aflatoxins are the most potent genotoxic and carcinogeni

54 Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by a

55 ent with previous mutation data derived from aflatoxin-associated HCCs.

56 apsulated alpha-Terpineol to control fungal, aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) and free radicals mediated deter

57 es responsible for detoxifying the mycotoxin aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) and GST dysfunction is a known r

58 M) and the influence of AuNPs on Au chip for Aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) detection using SPRi apparatus.

59 V) or C (HCV) virus, and exposure to dietary aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) or alcohol consumption.

60 the detection of apoptotic-like cell death, aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) production and gene expression a

61 The levels of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) production were 1.0 and 42.7 mug

62 Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), in addition to other known fact

63 re, we demonstrate that carcinogens, such as aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), induce apoptotic cell death and

64 Mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), pose a serious threat as biolog

65 ts (lettuce and field horsetail) in removing aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)).

66 etection limits achieved were 0.05 ng/mL for aflatoxin B(1) and 1.0 ng/mL for fumonisin B(1), with dy

67 imultaneous determination of two mycotoxins, aflatoxin B(1) and fumonisin B(1).

68 of up to 66% was achieved in maize for both aflatoxin B(1) and fumonisin B(1).

69 n products were detected only in the case of aflatoxin B(1) and zearalenone and were tested on human

70 system (SOD, CAT, and GR) and Ver-1 gene of aflatoxin B(1) biosynthesis.

71 ontamination of stored food commodities with aflatoxin B(1) causing considerable loss in nutritional

72 maximum protection from fungal (75.40%) and aflatoxin B(1) contamination (100%) at 0.3 mul/ml during

73 The guanine N7 adduct of aflatoxin B(1) exo-8,9-epoxide hydrolyzes to form the fo

74 biosynthesis of the potent hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B(1) in Aspergillus parasiticus.

75 TML was assessed for its antifungal and anti-aflatoxin B(1) potential in vitro and in the food system

76 Aflatoxin B(1) was detected in 94% and 90% maize samples

77 ltidomain PKS central to the biosynthesis of aflatoxin B(1), a potent environmental carcinogen.

78 system (LED) to reduce the concentrations of aflatoxin B(1), aflatoxin M(1) (AFB(1), AFM(1)) in pure

79 ylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and the base adduct aflatoxin B(1)-formamidopyrimidine by acylation.

80 cotoxin levels currently recognized as safe (aflatoxin B(1): 2 mug/kg, ochratoxin A: 3 mug/kg, deoxyn

81 nomius and A. parasiticus isolates produced aflatoxins B and G, but not cyclopiazonic acid (CPA).

82 uccessfully applied for the determination of aflatoxins B(1), B(2), G(1), and G(2) in soybeans and sa

83 (standards based on the sum of the levels of aflatoxins B(1), B(2), G(1), and G(2)) differ by more th

84 The aflatoxin B1 (5.4 mug/kg) was also found in one of the g

85 were positive for the following mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1 (50 mug/kg), alternariol monomethyl ether (

86 a component of Chinese herbal medicine), and aflatoxin B1 (a food contaminant).

87 Aflatoxin B1 (AFB) epoxide forms an unstable N7 guanine

88 ection of the mycotoxins ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and deoxynivalenol (DON) which are s

89 as these toxins, such as ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and deoxynivalenol (DON), are subjec

90 ution with only the specific toxin, which is aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) and mixture of AfB1 with other non-s

91 p reduced the number of revertants caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and proliferation of cells M12.C3.F6

92 Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and/or hepatitis B and C viruses are

93 HCCs occur in geographical regions with high aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure, concomitant with hepatitis

94 There is a prompt need for determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in food products to avoid distributi

95 Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mutagen and IARC (International

96 , exposure to the genotoxic hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a significant factor in the genes

97 Among them, Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic.

98 r for determination and quantification of an aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) level using a reduced graphene oxide

99 Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) producing fungi contaminate food and

100 is initiated through metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to its epoxide form that reacts with

101 rochemical aptasensor for trace detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was developed by using an aptamer as

102 maximum limits (MLs) of 5 and 2mugkg(-1) for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), respectively.

103 ll for citrinin detection in the presence of Aflatoxin b1 (AFL b1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA), that frequ

104 , sodium azide, mitomycin C, benzo[a]pyrene, aflatoxin B1 and 2-aminofluorene, were compared with the

105 asensitive aptasensor was developed based on aflatoxin B1 aptamer immobilized on Carbon quantum dots/

106 The compound is responsive to Aflatoxin B1 at parts per billion level, which makes it

107 Aflatoxin B1 content was significantly correlated with t

108 The visual limit of detection for aflatoxin B1 decreased to 0.6ng/mL compared to 11ng/mL w

109 has been applied to label-free detection of aflatoxin B1 in a competitive immunoassay format, with t

110 r has a potential for quick determination of aflatoxin B1 in paprika samples.

111 inogenic mycotoxin and secondary metabolite, aflatoxin B1 in the filamentous fungus and an important

112 Aflatoxin B1 induced substitutions of guanines in a GpC

113 nigmatic step in the complex biosynthesis of aflatoxin B1 is the oxidative rearrangement of versicolo

114 ch was tested by determining zearalenone and aflatoxin B1 mycotoxins.

115 In this paper we report the sensing of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) by field effect capacitive method usi

116 e between 0.05mugL(-1) (for aflatoxin G1 and aflatoxin B1) and 15mugL(-1) (for deoxynivalenol and fum

117 hratoxin A and aflatoxin M1 (a metabolite of aflatoxin B1), as well as other aflatoxins, under compet

118 Concentrations of the total aflatoxin, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2,

119 certain mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2,

120 centration of 0.48+/-0.05ngL(-1) followed by aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1 and ochratoxin A.

121 tify 14 fungus secondary metabolites, namely aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1, aspergillic acid, aspyrone,

122 on, alkylating compounds, aristolochic acid, aflatoxin B1, and cisplatin.

123 A method for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 determination and confirmati

124 etection method for the determination of the aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in peanuts, rice and chilli

125 biosynthesis of the environmental carcinogen aflatoxin B1, is one of the multidomain iterative polyke

126 ]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol, aflatoxin B1, naphthalene, and styrene, with high turnov

127 ohol and tobacco consumption and exposure to aflatoxin B1.

128 sitive foci) in the liver of rats exposed to aflatoxin B1.

129 highly related to hepatitis B infection and aflatoxin B1.

130 observed between Cr and total Aflatoxin and Aflatoxin B1; whereas Ochratoxin A was related to Cu and

131 inones versicolorin A and B readily afforded aflatoxins B1 and B2.

132 Fluorescence emission of aflatoxins B1 and G1 was enhanced by post-column chemica

133 oxins (alpha-zearalenol and zearalenone, and aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2) in edible oils.

134 arker - ergosterol and important mycotoxins (aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2, and ochratoxin A) were als

135 n for the determination of seven mycotoxins (aflatoxins B1, B2, G2 and G1, ochratoxin A, fumonisins B

136 d and characterized for the determination of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) in rice.

137 ed), were investigated for their contents of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2), patulin, and ergosterol.

138 adsorbent for solid phase extraction of four aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2).

139 Aflatoxin B2 was the most frequently detected mycotoxin

140 ations of the total aflatoxin, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A,

141 oxins, such as deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A,

142 d inhibited the production of ochratoxin and aflatoxin-B2.

143 The 27 genes involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis are clustered within a 70 kb regi

144 of five gene fragments (RNAi-5x) related to aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus.

145 crystal structure of the PksA PT domain from aflatoxin biosynthesis with a heptaketide mimetic tether

146 coding for growth and development of fungus, aflatoxin biosynthesis, binding, transport, and signalin

147 Binding of AflR, a positive regulator of aflatoxin biosynthesis, to the ordA promoter showed a po

148 of AflM in the complex enzymatic network of aflatoxin biosynthesis.

149 % conversion) to a so far unknown product of aflatoxin biosynthesis.

150 hromosome III, including the known genes for aflatoxin biosynthesis.

151 e fungus to regain completely its ability of aflatoxin biosynthesis.

152 f aflR, the transcriptional regulator of the aflatoxin biosynthetic gene cluster.

153 roducing polyketide synthase, PksA, from the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway in Aspergillus parasiticu

154 OH)(24) nanoparticles (FNP) on emerging (non-aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway) toxins production in myc

155 se, and other environmental factors, such as aflatoxin, cause liver cancer.

156 a suggest that the order of genes within the aflatoxin cluster determines the timing and order of tra

157 equally effective and accurate in predicting aflatoxin concentration in maize.

158 nd three atoxigenic isolates of A. flavus in aflatoxin conducive and non-conducive media with varying

159 uracy and reliability for rapid screening of aflatoxin contaminated maize samples.

160 Consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated food and commodities poses seriou

161 Eighteen aflatoxin-contaminated maize samples were incubated with

162 pectra were more marked and pronounced among aflatoxin contamination groups than those of FT-NIR spec

163 genomics program are to reduce and eliminate aflatoxin contamination in food and feed and to discover

164 Aflatoxin contamination is reduced with biocontrol produ

165 remains an intractable risk factor, as does aflatoxin contamination of food crops in some parts of t

166 in reducing aflatoxin in areas prone to high aflatoxin contamination, and where corn is a dietary sta

167 Aflatoxin contamination, caused by fungal pathogen Asper

168 e of stored maize samples against fungal and aflatoxin contamination.

169 dings showed that nutritional properties and aflatoxin content of composite flours can be improved by

170 used significant increases in the total free aflatoxin content, 15+/-8% and 13+/-5%, respectively.

171 , leading to an underestimation of the total aflatoxin content.

172 To explore aflatoxin control by exogenous delivery of double-strand

173 hese results show that a small proportion of aflatoxins could be associated to matrix substances in p

174 ults from this study will be used to compare aflatoxins detoxification kinetics and mechanisms involv

175 KR7A subfamily was purified from liver as an aflatoxin dialdehyde reductase AKR7A1.

176 E-31 also significantly reduces formation of aflatoxin-DNA adducts and decreases size and number of a

177 CDDO-Im treatment reduces levels of aflatoxin-DNA adducts by approximately 40% to 90% over t

178 beads could improve survival after a lethal aflatoxin dose (LD(90)).

179 Aflatoxin-driven mutagenesis is initiated through metabo

180 , and the majority mapped to the fragment of aflatoxin efflux-pump gene.

181 ted ergosterol synthesis, methylglyoxal (the aflatoxin enhancer) content and enhanced cellular conten

182 -this to model the multiplicative effects of aflatoxin exposure and hepatitis B in causing HCC.

183 Thus, aflatoxin exposure apparently remains a substantial publ

184 s polymerase in cellular tolerance following aflatoxin exposure has not been established.

185 dditional health risk that may be related to aflatoxin exposure in children, a hypothesis that merits

186 ols in neighboring villages were assayed for aflatoxin exposure using the aflatoxin-albumin adduct (A

187 h the next highest level of evidence include aflatoxin exposure, and heavy alcohol and tobacco use.

188 ing from hepatitis B and C viral infections, aflatoxin exposure, chronic alcohol use or genetic liver

189 ure 24, previously hypothesized to stem from aflatoxin exposure, indeed likely represents AFB1 exposu

190 dong County, China, a region of well-studied aflatoxin exposure.

191 antially reduce the disease burden caused by aflatoxin exposure.

192 We determined optimal aflatoxin extraction conditions in terms of concentratio

193 eration of monolithic columns for extracting aflatoxin from real food samples by combining the superi

194 ribute to poor child health and development: aflatoxin, fumonisin, and deoxynivalenol.

195 cation Limits were between 0.05mugL(-1) (for aflatoxin G1 and aflatoxin B1) and 15mugL(-1) (for deoxy

196 at concentrations up to 25.6 mug kg(-1), and aflatoxin G1 and G2 in 3% and 14% of the samples at a ma

197 0.48+/-0.05ngL(-1) followed by aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1 and ochratoxin A.

198 total aflatoxin, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A, lead, cadmium,

199 deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin and

200 secondary metabolites, namely aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1, aspergillic acid, aspyrone, betaine, chrys

201 n, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A, lead, cadmium, mercury, arse

202 l, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin and zearalenone, w

203 d-type strain and a mutant (649) lacking the aflatoxin gene cluster fail to produce aflatoxin or tran

204 B binding at promoters of seven genes in the aflatoxin gene cluster that carry CREs.

205 III in the region previously containing the aflatoxin gene cluster.

206 aled the silencing effect is specific to the aflatoxin gene cluster.

207 rated that AtfB binds to the nor-1 (an early aflatoxin gene) promoter at a composite regulatory eleme

208 ficant decrease in transcript levels of five aflatoxin genes and at least two key global regulators o

209 he position of aflR is likely preventing the aflatoxin genes from being expressed in 649 x wild-type

210 ated with activation of transcription of the aflatoxin genes.

211 Hepatotoxic aflatoxins have found a worthy adversary in two new fami

212 gronomic regions may have a role in reducing aflatoxin in areas prone to high aflatoxin contamination

213 t assay (ELISA) methods for the detection of aflatoxin in spice paprika matrix.

214 rch has only focused on the presence of free aflatoxins in agricultural commodities.

215 estigate the occurrence of possible modified aflatoxins in maize.

216 e method was applied to the determination of aflatoxins in peanut (9), rice (5) and chilli (10) sampl

217 n-transgenic delivery of RNAi in controlling aflatoxins in peanut.

218 hanism(s) responsible for the destruction of aflatoxins in pure water and assesses the cytotoxicity i

219 that UV-A irradiation significantly reduced aflatoxins in pure water.

220 The absence of aflatoxins in samples confirm the protector effects of t

221 -liquid microextraction for determination of aflatoxins in soybean juice by HPLC.

222 otoxicity in HepG2 cells, and no significant aflatoxin-induced cytotoxicity was observed at UV-A dose

223 of guanines in a GpC context, as observed in aflatoxin-induced liver cancers.

224 DNA adducts and decreases size and number of aflatoxin-induced preneoplastic hepatic lesions in rats

225 y potent chemopreventive agent that inhibits aflatoxin-induced tumorigenesis in rat liver.

226 at the increase of UV-A dosage decreased the aflatoxins-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, and no s

227 ding of AtfB to the promoters occurred under aflatoxin-inducing but not under aflatoxin-noninducing c

228 0.08 muL/mL) and antiaflatoxigenic (minimum aflatoxin inhibitory concentration = 0.07 muL/mL) activi

229 Aflatoxin is a liver toxin and carcinogen contaminating

230 Contamination of crops with aflatoxin is a serious global threat to food safety.

231 Promotion of the HIV epidemic by aflatoxin is postulated but not yet established.

232 sts that fumonisin contamination rather than aflatoxin is the most likely factor in maize promoting H

233 ne dietary consumption of foods that contain aflatoxins is the second leading cause of environmental

234 utritional effect, mineral molar ratios, and aflatoxin level were investigated.

235 enic crop worldwide, has significantly lower aflatoxin levels than non-Bt isolines.

236 taminated with high (246-510ppb; 141-422ppb) aflatoxin levels, respectively.

237 reduce the concentrations of aflatoxin B(1), aflatoxin M(1) (AFB(1), AFM(1)) in pure water was studie

238 Aflatoxin M(1) (AFM(1)) in milk and milk products has be

239 pment of an immunosensor for the analysis of aflatoxin M(1) directly in milk samples.

240 edure was developed for the determination of aflatoxin M(1) in milk and dairy products.

241 se of this approach, the detection limit for aflatoxin M(1) in milk was estimated to be 8 ng L(-1), w

242 uccessfully applied for the determination of aflatoxin M(1) in real samples.

243 microelectrode array (MEA) immunosensor for aflatoxin M(1) is presented in this paper.

244 d selectivity studies using ochratoxin A and aflatoxin M1 (a metabolite of aflatoxin B1), as well as

245 d immunoassay has been developed to quantify aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) at ultra-trace levels in milk sample

246 chemical aptasensor is introduced to measure aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by using platinum nanoparticles (PtN

247 lectrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) detection by a closed bipolar electr

248 The extraction of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from cheese is generally carried out

249 The rapid and sensitive detection of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk by using surface plasmon res

250 immunosorbent assay (CL-ELISA) for detecting aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was developed.

251 Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a potentially carcinogenic compound

252 inting efficiencies against ochratoxin A and aflatoxin M1 of 1.84 and 26.39, respectively, even under

253 values were between 0.02 and 10.14ng/mL for aflatoxins M1, B1, B2, G1, G2, ochratoxins A and B, HT-2

254 posure to fumonisin alone or coexposure with aflatoxins may contribute to child growth impairment.

255 rence, oltipraz, an established modulator of aflatoxin metabolism in humans, is 100-fold weaker than

256 changes in mRNA levels of genes involved in aflatoxin metabolism were measured in rat liver followin

257 nic acid did not lead to an increase in free aflatoxins, neither did treatment with a protease.

258 urred under aflatoxin-inducing but not under aflatoxin-noninducing conditions and correlated with act

259 As a proof of concept, aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and deoxynivalenol were extrac

260 The detection of legislated (aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1,

261 eyed for the presence of 22 mycotoxins (four aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, diacetoxiscyrpenol (DAS), thre

262 method for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, f

263 we examined the effects of acute exposure to aflatoxins on airway cell physiology.

264 all composite flours were contaminated with aflatoxins, only the control composed of wheat flour did

265 g the aflatoxin gene cluster fail to produce aflatoxin or transcripts of the aflatoxin pathway genes.

266 s infection, toxins (for example, alcohol or aflatoxin) or metabolic influences, and (2) mutations oc

267 l to produce aflatoxin or transcripts of the aflatoxin pathway genes.

268 All aflatoxins, patulin and ergosterol were determined by hi

269 e contaminated with trace or zero amounts of aflatoxins, patulin and ergosterol, so they posed no ris

270 ng the final Claisen-type cyclization to the aflatoxin precursor, norsolorinic acid anthrone.

271 he PKS ACP, leading to the production of the aflatoxin precursor, norsolorinic acid.

272 ood contaminated by mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins (predominantly found in peanut, maize, rice,

273 roextraction was developed for extraction of aflatoxins prior to HPLC-FD.

274 Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus is exacerbate

275 The lack of aflatoxin production in the diploid was not due to a uni

276 This way, fungal biomass development and aflatoxin production were dependent on TEO concentration

277 ay and examined for their ability to support aflatoxin production.

278 tion and spread of histone H4 acetylation in aflatoxin promoters and the onset of accumulation of afl

279 RE1, AGCC(G/C), are highly conserved in five aflatoxin promoters that demonstrate AtfB binding.

280 Aflatoxin promotes hepatocellular cancer, and fumonisin

281 n promoters and the onset of accumulation of aflatoxin proteins and aflatoxin.

282 Estimated benefits of aflatoxin reduction resulting from Bt corn planting are

283 ing large amounts of maize have very similar aflatoxin regulations: nations with strict standards ten

284 elation existed between Bt corn planting and aflatoxin-related insurance claims in the United States,

285 orn use is an important strategy in reducing aflatoxin risk, with corresponding economic benefits.

286 Aflatoxins secreted by respiratory A. flavus may impair

287 hibited enhanced antifungal activity against aflatoxin secreting strain of Aspergillus flavus (AF-LHP

288 top pairs of maize-trading nations do total aflatoxin standards (standards based on the sum of the l

289 ntibodies through simultaneous imprinting of aflatoxin subtypes B1, B2, G1, and G2.

290 nsformation of a NaBH4-reduced adduct to the aflatoxin system via the Nef-cyclization process was ach

291 hogenic fungus infecting maize and producing aflatoxins that are health hazards to humans and animals

292 The recoveries of aflatoxins that were spiked into food samples were 86.38

293 in significantly inhibited the production of aflatoxins; the 0.5% level had a greater than 96% inhibi

294 either of these compounds was converted into aflatoxin under conditions where the anthraquinones vers

295 etabolite of aflatoxin B1), as well as other aflatoxins, under competitive conditions.

296 Exposure to aflatoxin was associated with childhood chronic hepatome

297 against fungal amylase and the occurrence of aflatoxins were determined in edible beans.

298 nly since early 1960s when the first studied aflatoxins were found to be carcinogenic.

299 Known concentrations of aflatoxins were spiked in water and irradiated at UV-A d

300 re mainly contaminated with ochratoxin A and aflatoxins, whereas Italian samples with deoxynivalenol

301 assium hydroxide caused a total reduction of aflatoxins, while trifluoromethanesulfonic acid did not