ライフサイエンスコーパス: all-trans-retinol

1 for ability to convert all-trans retinal to all-trans retinol.

2 retinol without any detectable production of all-trans retinol.

3 both retinyl esters and 11-cis retinol from all-trans retinol.

4 ysis and its reduction to membrane-localized all-trans retinol.

5 ns and the reduction of all-trans retinal to all-trans retinol.

6 opsin and is eliminated through reduction to all-trans retinol.

7 lation of rhodopsin affects the formation of all-trans retinol.

8 r fluorescence quenching for both 11-cis and all-trans retinol.

9 f the all-trans retinal and its reduction to all-trans retinol.

10 all-trans-retinal than for the oxidation of all-trans-retinol.

11 l/mol for isomerization of 13-cis-retinol to all-trans-retinol.

12 ADPH that results in the production of pro-R-all-trans-retinol.

13 as compared to approximately 36 kcal/mol for all-trans-retinol.

14 -dependent reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol.

15 l, and the reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol.

16 of retinyl ester-containing retinosomes from all-trans-retinol.

17 n follows the same metabolic fate as that of all-trans-retinol.

18 as four times greater than esterification of all-trans-retinol.

19 tial is not apparent (PINTA), which binds to all-trans-retinol.

20 hen released from the protein and reduced to all -trans-retinol.

21 crom) but the lowest apparent K(m) value for all-trans-retinol (~0.035 microm) among all NAD(+)-depen

22 protein 4 (RBP4) serves as a transporter for all- trans-retinol (1) in the blood, and it has been pro

23 otein 4 (RBP4) impede ocular uptake of serum all-trans retinol (1) and have been shown to reduce cyto

24 oid synthesis depends on the influx of serum all-trans-retinol (1) delivered via a tertiary retinol b

25 rans-beta-carotene ([13C]tr beta C) and [13C]all-trans retinol ([13C]retinol) but very low concentrat

26 8-fold higher than that for the oxidation of all-trans-retinol (18,000 min(-1) mM(-1)).

27 ehydrogenase, which recognizes as substrates all-trans-retinol, 9-cis-retinol, 5alpha-androstan-3,17-

28 sed for analysis of the fat-soluble vitamins all-trans retinol (A), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyv

29 in, is the reduction of all-trans retinal to all-trans retinol, a reaction that requires NADPH.

30 The formation of all-trans retinol after pigment bleaching was measured b

31 e had approximately 2-fold higher vitamin A (all-trans-retinol (all-trans-ROL)) in the neural retina

32 Exogenous all-trans-retinol, all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol, or al

33 The differences between all-trans-retinol, all-trans-9-desmethylretinol, and all

34 Here, we have imaged the fluorescence of all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinal, and lipofuscin pre

35 However, all-trans-retinol also accumulated transiently in the ne

36 11-cis-retinal and all-trans-retinol also inhibited the channels, but at so

37 All-trans retinol and all-trans retinal were unable to c

38 ion process has not been identified and both all-trans retinol and all-trans retinyl esters have been

39 s enzyme can generate all-trans retinal from all-trans retinol and may play an important role in the

40 RDH10 displayed substrate specificity for all-trans retinol and preferred nicotinamide adenine din

41 segment and ellipsoid signals originate from all-trans retinol and reduced pyridine nucleotides, resp

42 ults suggest that P450 27C1 directly accepts all-trans retinol and retinaldehyde from CRBP-1 and all-

43 Radioactivity and molar data for serum all-trans retinol and RPE retinyl ester obtained at 4.5

44 ase activity that effects interconversion of all-trans-retinol and 11-cis-retinol.

45 on of iso-A2E, a new A2E double bond isomer; all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol also have been iden

46 All-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol inhibit RoDH-4 cata

47 sing BacoluGold Baculovirus system, oxidizes all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol to corresponding al

48 pH 7.4 was 17 mM compared with 56 microM for all-trans-retinol and 31 microM for epiandrosterone.

49 RDH-S Delta 3 catalyzed all-trans-retinol and 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 alph

50 e two enzymes that effect interconversion of all-trans-retinol and all-trans-retinyl esters are lecit

51 catalyzes reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol and is thought to be a key enzyme in t

52 and by isozyme 2B4 in the 4-hydroxylation of all-trans-retinol and retinoic acid.

53 ntaining alcohol dehydrogenases that oxidize all-trans-retinol and steroid alcohols in fetal tissues.

54 e reverse isomerization of 11-cis-retinol to all-trans-retinol (and 13-cis-retinol), and membrane exp

55 all-trans-retinal is converted to vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and is transported to the retinal pig

56 ds exist in the diet as preformed vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and provitamin A (beta,beta-carotene)

57 yl esters are the storage form of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and serve as metabolic intermediates

58 the neuroprotective potential of vitamin A (all-trans retinol), and its geometric isomers, all-trans

59 All -trans-retinal, all -trans-retinol, and 11- cis-retinol are all agonists

60 to measure the levels of all-trans retinal, all-trans retinol, and lipofuscin fluorophore precursors

61 oid dehydrogenase activity), 11-cis-retinol, all-trans-retinol, and 9-cis-retinol, with V/K0.5 values

62 metabolism of retinol-binding protein-bound all-trans-retinol, and albumin-bound all-trans-retinoic

63 The content of ascorbic acid, a-tocopherol, all-trans-retinol, and coenzyme Q(10) in the tested samp

64 content of ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, all-trans-retinol, and coenzyme Q(10) in the tested samp

65 ydrogenase that catalyzes dehydrogenation of all-trans-retinol, and contributes to a reconstituted pa

66 Synthetic 9-cis-stereoisomers of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) are especially promising agents for t

67 trate that all-trans-retinyl esters, and not all-trans-retinol, are the precursors of 11-cis-retinol.

68 e/reductase that prefers NAD+ and recognizes all-trans-retinol as substrate.

69 city that recognizes cis-retinols as well as all-trans-retinol as substrates.

70 e fraction of all-trans retinal converted to all-trans retinol at equilibrium is approximately 0.8, i

71 nd/or 11-cis retinol stimulate the efflux of all-trans retinol at the RPE basolateral membrane.

72 tLRAT is catalytically active and processes all-trans-retinol at least 10-fold more efficiently than

73 vit D as well as two other small molecules, all-trans-retinol (ATR) and curcumin (CCM), here we perf

74 at this metabolite coelutes with the unknown all-trans-retinol (atROL) metabolite previously found in

75 In vitro incubation of all-trans-retinol (atROL) with kidney homogenate from vi

76 The cells were subsequently treated with all-trans-retinol (atROL), and retinoid profiles were qu

77 ns-retinal being the most potent agonist and all -trans-retinol being the least potent.

78 All-trans-retinol bound to cellular retinol-binding prot

79 amin A is transported to the target cells as all-trans-retinol bound to retinol-binding protein (RBP)

80 entiation, is reduced by exogenously applied all-trans retinol but not all-trans retinal.

81 l dehydrogenase that reacts efficiently with all-trans-retinol but not the 11-cis isomer.

82 similar protective profile was observed with all-trans retinol, but not the stereo-isomer 9-cis retin

83 d a chimera (viz. C3) that was inactive with all-trans-retinol, but was 4-fold more efficient with 3

84 r chimera (viz. C5) retained efficiency with all-trans-retinol, but was not saturated and was weakly

85 the C3 region (K210L) reduced efficiency for all-trans-retinol by >1250-fold.

86 area mutation C212G enhanced efficiency with all-trans-retinol by approximately 2.4-fold.

87 ion to its all-trans isomer and reduction to all-trans-retinol by RDH can prevent the accumulation of

88 ns-retinaldehyde, restricts the oxidation of all-trans-retinol by RDH12, but has little effect on the

89 saturation of the C(13)-C(14) double bond of all-trans-retinol by the enzyme, retinol saturase (RetSa

90 membranes with (3R)-3-[boc-lys(biotinyl)-O]-all-trans-retinol chloroacetate 1 in the low micromolar

91 for RGR, is generated in the RPE, because no all-trans retinol dehydrogenase (atRDH) has been identif

92 All-trans retinol dehydrogenase activity assays were per

93 In rMC-1 cells, all-trans retinol dehydrogenase activity was detected in

94 A recently identified all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (photoreceptor retinol d

95 The NADPH-dependent all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase activity in isolated RPE

96 A novel all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase exists in the RPE and pe

97 substrate specificities of the photoreceptor all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase.

98 h exhibits the strongest similarity with rat all-trans-retinol dehydrogenases RoDH-1, RoDH-2, and RoD

99 tetramers via 14 is allosterically hindering all-trans-retinol-dependent RBP4-TTR tertiary complex fo

100 for KLBP, binding with a Kd of 3600 nM, and all-trans-retinol did not displace 1,8-ANS.

101 The short chain fatty acid octanoic acid and all-trans-retinol did not displace the fluorophore from

102 ve to CRAD1, CRAD3 has greater 9-cis-retinol/all-trans-retinol discrimination and lower efficiency as

103 fractional influx (molar amount of entering all-trans retinol divided by the molar amount of RPE ret

104 Formation of all-trans retinol does not limit the regeneration of ble

105 0 (RDH10) was implicated in the oxidation of all-trans-retinol for biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic

106 is study was undertaken to determine whether all-trans retinol formation depends on Abca4, arrestin,

107 The kinetics of all-trans retinol formation in 129/sv mice are similar t

108 We find that the kinetics of all-trans retinol formation in frog rod outer segments a

109 The kinetics of all-trans retinol formation in the different types of ge

110 g outer segment fluorescence as a measure of all-trans retinol formation, we find that in frog rod ph

111 eyecups produced a block in the cycle after all-trans-retinol formation; and constant illumination o

112 preservation of a substantial inward flux of all-trans retinol from the circulation into the RPE of R

113 s were analyzed to infer the molar influx of all-trans retinol from the circulation into the RPE.

114 e occurrence of a robust outward movement of all-trans retinol from the RPE into the circulation in R

115 We found that IRBP removes all-trans-retinol from individual rod photoreceptors in

116 ipates in a process that drives diffusion of all-trans-retinol from photoreceptor cells to RPE, perha

117 delayed clearances of all-trans-retinal and all-trans-retinol from rod photoreceptor cells.

118 e (LRAT) is the enzyme that traps vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) from the circulation and photorecepto

119 eic acid inhibited the binding of 11-cis and all-trans retinol in an apparent noncompetitive manner.

120 otobleaching to characterize the mobility of all-trans retinol in frog photoreceptor outer segments.

121 s significantly faster than the formation of all-trans retinol in intact cells and is independent of

122 The concentration of all-trans retinol in photoreceptor outer segments can be

123 Formation of all-trans retinol in the cone-like Nrl(-/-) photorecepto

124 coefficients are consistent with most of the all-trans retinol in the outer segments moving unrestric

125 d illumination produce a substantial peak of all-trans retinol in the retina.

126 Regeneration of 11-cis retinal from all-trans retinol in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE

127 reduced by the retinol dehydrogenase RDH8 to all-trans-retinol in an NADPH-dependent reaction.

128 The accumulation of all-trans-retinol in neural retina, in the absence of CR

129 eduction in infarct volume was observed with all-trans retinol, in a dose-dependent manner: maximum p

130 dingly, gavage of beta,beta-carotene but not all-trans-retinol induced retinoid signaling and decreas

131 Levels of all-trans retinol influx derived from this analysis (mea

132 erase (LRAT) catalyzes the esterification of all-trans-retinol into all-trans-retinyl ester, an essen

133 gmented epithelial cells and liver, converts all-trans-retinol into all-trans-retinyl esters.

134 lity of the transfected cells to convert [3H]all-trans-retinol into authentic [3H]all-trans-retinyl p

135 The enzyme responsible for conversion of all-trans-retinol into retinyl esters, the lecithin reti

136 The binding site for 11-cis and all-trans retinol is a novel hydrophobic cavity that is

137 all-trans retinol is formed after visual pigment bleachi

138 ergy for the conversion of 11-cis-retinol to all-trans-retinol is 19.5 kcal/mol, and 20.1 kcal/mol fo

139 acent retinal pigment epithelial cells where all-trans-retinol is isomerized to 11-cis-retinol.

140 ung, eye, and blood, whereas the circulating all-trans-retinol is reduced only slightly.

141 All-trans-retinol is the precursor for all-trans-retinoi

142 Here, we present evidence that all-trans-retinol is unstable in the presence of H(+) an

143 chromophore bleaching in rod photoreceptors, all-trans retinol, is part of a feedback loop that incre

144 y dihydroceramide desaturase-1, the putative all-trans retinol isomerase in Muller cells, appears to

145 nant ground-squirrel and chicken retinas: an all-trans-retinol isomerase, an 11-cis-retinyl-ester syn

146 segments whereas enzymatic esterification of all-trans-retinol, isomerization to 11-cis-retinol, and

147 = 290 nm, compared with the parent compound, all-trans-retinol (lambda(max) = 325 nm), and its MS ana

148 Metabolism of vitamin A, all-trans-retinol, leads to the formation of 11-cis-reti

149 h the retinyl ester levels, but not with the all-trans retinol levels in the reaction mixture.

150 In the presence of all-trans retinol, LRAT substrate, there is a significan

151 e of conversion of carotenoids to vitamin A (all-trans-retinol), many questions remain concerning the

152 is-retinal, suggesting that the free form of all-trans-retinol may be used as a source for 9-cis-reti

153 Vitamin A (or all-trans-retinol) metabolites are involved in a wide ra

154 Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) must be adequately distributed within

155 etinal to all-trans-retinal and reduction to all-trans-retinol occur in photoreceptor outer segments

156 In Nrl(-/-) photoreceptors, the formation of all-trans retinol occurred at least 100 times faster tha

157 parent K(m) values for all-trans-retinal and all-trans-retinol of 0.12 and 0.6 microM, respectively.

158 comparable to that induced in intact skin by all-trans retinol or all-trans retinoic acid itself.

159 n structures of this protein bound to either all-trans-retinol or retinylamine, the latter a therapeu

160 the reduction of all-trans-retinaldehyde to all-trans-retinol or the oxidation of retinol to retinal

161 at of the 9-cis isomer but does not catalyze all-trans-retinol oxidation.

162 Vitamin A (all-trans retinol) plays critical roles in mammalian dev

163 The retinyl ester or all-trans-retinol pools are radioactively labeled separa

164 In rods, the formation of all-trans retinol proceeded with first-order kinetics, w

165 H12, we used fluorescence imaging to examine all-trans-retinol production in single isolated rod cell

166 which excess 11-cis-retinal is converted to all-trans-retinol provides a rationale for the unusually

167 Due to its high affinity for all-trans-retinol, RDH10 exhibits a greater rate of reti

168 rod outer segment membranes and the rate of all-trans retinol removal by the lipophilic carriers int

169 n the presence of exogenous beta-carotene or all-trans retinol restored phototaxis but did not affect

170 ic acid) regulates its own biosynthesis from all-trans retinol (retinol) through regulation of retino

171 all-trans retinal, followed by conversion to all-trans retinol (ROL) for removal from the photorecept

172 [3H]all-trans retinol (ROL) was delivered to the basal surfa

173 The distribution of stored dietary vitamin A/all-trans-retinol (ROL) from the liver throughout the bo

174 We have characterized the metabolism of all-trans-retinol (ROL; vitamin A) in NB4 cells, which a

175 ption of the retinoic acid receptors whereas all-trans-retinol shows neither activity.

176 eduction of a steady 80 to 90% proportion to all-trans retinol, similar to that maintained for the re

177 despite a lack of binding at that protein's all-trans-retinol site.

178 With all-trans-retinol substrate, isomerase activity is prese

179 ed unchanged when assayed in the presence of all-trans-retinol, suggesting a distinct catalytic activ

180 [3H]All-trans retinol (t-ROL) added to suspensions of intact

181 rans-retinoic acid (t-RA) from the precursor all-trans-retinol (t-ROH), but unlike the CYP26s, CYP1B1

182 -retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) that functions as an activating ligan

183 is released from the protein and reduced to all-trans retinol, the first step in the recycling of rh

184 , 11-cis retinal, is derived from vitamin A (all-trans retinol) through a series of reactions that ta

185 involves recycling of their chromophore from all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal in the pigment epith

186 stent with a last-in/first-out processing of all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal within normally func

187 Human RDH10 expressed in COS cells oxidized all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal.

188 all-trans retinal and used its reduction to all-trans retinol to measure their capacity to generate

189 We have used the fluorescence of all-trans retinol to study this reduction in living rod

190 as functioning in the conversion of dietary all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinal and suggest that the

191 and retinol dehydrogenase-10 (Rdh10) convert all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol during exposure to v

192 yde-binding protein-induced isomerization of all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol proceeds with invers

193 hydroxyl group, in contrast to the enzymatic all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol reaction.

194 ith lower efficiencies than isomerization of all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol.

195 P450 27C1 oxidized all-trans-retinol to 3,4-dehydroretinol, 4-hydroxy (OH)

196 Cell homogenates of Hep G2 can convert all-trans-retinol to 9-cis-retinal, suggesting that the

197 Thus, saturation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol by R

198 Retinol saturase converts all-trans-retinol to all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol.

199 8-hr period, but no detectable metabolism of all-trans-retinol to at-RA or 9-cis-retinoic acid is obs

200 This ability of all-trans-retinol to form a carbocation could be relevan

201 were preincubated with different amounts of all-trans-retinol to form all-trans-retinyl esters and t

202 aturase (RetSat) catalyzes the saturation of all-trans-retinol to produce (R)-all-trans-13,14-dihydro

203 t the saturation of the 13-14 double bond of all-trans-retinol to produce all-trans-13,14-dihydroreti

204 zyme that saturates the 13-14 double bond of all-trans-retinol to produce all-trans-13,14-dihydroreti

205 ting either the 13-14 or 7-8 double bonds of all-trans-retinol to produce either all-trans-13,14-dihy

206 the all-trans-retinal generated by light to all-trans-retinol using single cell fluorescence imaging

207 We show that vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) (VA) is required both for the mainten

208 2 (aldh1a2), whereas atRAL is converted from all-trans-retinol via reversible oxidation by retinol de

209 l cycle, in which Muller cells recycle spent all-trans-retinol visual chromophore back to 11-cis-reti

210 the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) and plays an essential rol

211 -cis-retinol binds with a K(D) = 3.8 nM, and all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) binds with a K(D) = 10.8 n

212 biochemical apparatus capable of processing all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) into 11-cis-retinal, the v

213 whether it is an all-trans-retinyl ester or all-trans-retinol (vitamin A).

214 is released by photoactivated rhodopsin, to all-trans-retinol (vitamin A).

215 neration of all-trans retinal from tritiated all-trans retinol was analyzed by HPLC.

216 Formation of all-trans retinol was measured by imaging its fluorescen

217 o form all-trans-retinyl esters and then [3H]all-trans-retinol was added, as predicted, the specific

218 ature adipocytes, beta,beta-carotene but not all-trans-retinol was metabolized to retinoic acid (RA).

219 is-retinal; 2) together with 11-cis-retinal, all-trans-retinol was produced at a 1:1 ratio; and 3) th

220 uld inhibit carbocation formation, 11-fluoro-all-trans-retinol was used in the isomerization assay an

221 Binding of 11-cis and all-trans retinol were observed in titrations monitoring

222 ike that for ALBP, neither octanoic acid nor all-trans-retinol were bound by KLBP.

223 te probes, Di-4-ANEPPDHQ (Di-4), FM4-64, and all-trans-retinol, were evaluated for SHG effectiveness

224 ver, Hep G2 cells preferentially incorporate all-trans-retinol when equimolar concentrations of all-t

225 However, all-trans retinol, which is the product of action by the

226 ult, the widely expressed CRBPI, which binds all-trans-retinol with much higher affinity than all-tra

227 in the present study will produce sufficient all-trans retinol within the interphotoreceptor matrix t

228 appear to be any specialized processing for all-trans retinol within the rod outer segment.

229 le for the reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol within the photoreceptor outer segment

230 alyzes the reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol within the photoreceptor outer segment