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1 rance is induced in addition to tolerance to alloantigen.
2 es induced by classical indirectly presented alloantigen.
3 d defective responses to viral infection and alloantigen.
4 ly manipulating the T cells, which recognize alloantigen.
5 y CD4 T cells specific for a second "helper" alloantigen.
6 concomitant conventional T-cell response to alloantigen.
7 by memory responses to the accessory helper alloantigen.
8 entionally, by Th cell recognition of target alloantigen.
9 he Tregs that are induced by AC injection of alloantigen.
10 ssive effects of MSCs on T-cell responses to alloantigen.
11 apidly underwent cell death upon exposure to alloantigen.
12 h T cells from mice rendered unresponsive to alloantigen.
13 mechanism of early action in the absence of alloantigen.
14 (LTx), when there is continuous exposure to alloantigen.
15 in duration and strength according to target alloantigen.
16 crease IFNgamma production after exposure to alloantigens.
17 duced tolerogenic effects selective to islet alloantigens.
18 roduced locally and activated by trophoblast alloantigens.
19 gs showed specific unresponsiveness to donor alloantigens.
20 rance and immunity to pathogens, cancer, and alloantigens.
21 nce of T-cell subsets and responses to donor alloantigens.
22 in turn regulate in vivo T cell responses to alloantigens.
23 eas in GVHD, all host cells directly present alloantigens.
24 T-cell tolerance upon reexposure to the same alloantigens.
25 ific proliferative responses to donor airway alloantigens.
26 induction of both T and B cell tolerance to alloantigens.
27 (IL-13) cytokines when challenged with donor alloantigens.
28 for induction of specific tolerance to donor alloantigens.
29 eans of tolerizing peripheral CD4 T cells to alloantigens.
30 tudy drugs, and none have been sensitized to alloantigens.
31 uce humoral unresponsiveness to transplanted alloantigens.
32 d polyclonal CD8+ T cells raised to viral or alloantigens.
33 d recognize epitopes encoded by that gene as alloantigens.
34 meras, suggesting central tolerance to donor alloantigens.
35 primed by antigen-presenting cell presenting alloantigens.
36 educed ability to proliferate in response to alloantigens.
37 subsets defined by expression of plasma cell alloantigen 1 (PC1), also known as ectonucleotide pyroph
38 , MMc magnitude was enough to cause membrane alloantigen acquisition (mAAQ; "cross-dressing") of host
39 colysis was required for optimal function of alloantigen-activated T cells and induction of GVHD, as
42 known about T cell metabolism in response to alloantigens after hematopoietic cell transplantation (H
45 human primate regulatory T cells (Treg) with alloantigen (alloAg) specificity would allow their testi
46 on the RBC surface at different levels, most alloantigens also represent completely different structu
48 e preserved by stimulation by specific donor alloantigen and cytokines from activated lymphocytes.
50 Thus, alpha345NC1 hexamers are the culprit alloantigen and primary target of all alloantibodies med
51 itic cells (DCs), of both intact MHC class I alloantigen and processed alloantigen would deliver link
52 ive pathway for the acquisition of recipient alloantigen and that once acquired, this cross-dressed M
53 cells play a cardinal feature in response to alloantigens and are able to generate effector/memory T
54 They prevent immune responses to auto- and alloantigens and are thus under close scrutiny as cellul
56 at inhibited the T effector cell response to alloantigens and converted T conventional cells into CD4
57 physiochemical polymorphisms of HLA class II alloantigens and correlated these with humoral alloimmun
58 ough CD62L(-) T cells are able to respond to alloantigens and deplete host radioresistant immune cell
60 whether B-cell tolerance to A/B-incompatible alloantigens and pig xenoantigens could be achieved in i
61 is initiated by alloantigens, although both alloantigens and tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) initiate
62 xpressed by immune cells during priming with alloantigen, and the net sum of costimulatory and coinhi
63 ing effect in preventing T cell responses to alloantigens, and produced long-term cardiac allograft s
64 rived Treg cells with specific receptors for alloantigen are activated by either IL-2 or IL-4 but rap
66 tional tissue transplants insofar as not all alloantigens are revealed during tolerance induction.
67 earing other low-frequency platelet-specific alloantigens, are relatively rare in the population and
68 ty over time and were eventually tolerant to alloantigens as a result of prolonged antigen exposure,
69 Alloreactive T cells target their inducing alloantigens as well as third-party alloantigens but gen
70 ents showed lower proliferative responses to alloantigen, as well as to polyclonal stimulation, than
72 ly reacted against autologous tumor, but not alloantigen-bearing recipient cells with increased secre
73 tive B cells retained their ability to sense alloantigen because they continued to drive T cell matur
75 ent tolerance required exact matching of all alloantigens between the adoptively transferred allogene
76 f C57BL/6 (B6) DCs presented acquired H-2(d) alloantigen both as processed allopeptide and as unproce
77 tive development of Th17 immune responses to alloantigen both in vitro and in vivo occurred, resultin
78 through naive Th cell recognition of target alloantigen but, crucially, blockade was ineffective whe
79 em not only through prior sensitization with alloantigens but also through previous exposure to envir
80 inducing alloantigens as well as third-party alloantigens but generally fail to target self-antigens.
81 epresentation of conformationally intact MHC alloantigen by recipient APC can induce cytotoxic alloim
82 /= 3 d, whereas indirect presentation of MHC alloantigen by recipient APCs led to activation of T cel
83 entation of intact and processed MHC class I alloantigen by recipient dendritic cells (DCs) (the "sem
84 nti-OX40 attenuates CD8+ T-cell responses to alloantigen by reducing the pool of effector T cells, su
85 tory T cells to suppress T cell responses to alloantigen by supporting, rather than diminishing, regu
86 arising from developmental corecognition of alloantigens by activating and inhibitory receptors with
87 e presentation of drug-modified donor DC MHC alloantigens by recipient APCs and activation of recipie
88 tection of antibodies against human platelet alloantigens by using gene-edited stem cell-derived targ
90 innate and adaptive immunity in response to alloantigens, challenged the conventional view, develope
91 strates circulating human B cells binding an alloantigen (DBY-2) and that these DBY-2-specific B cell
93 polyclonal T cell proliferative responses to alloantigen, defined peptide antigens, and viral infecti
94 ocompatibility complex-disparate third-party alloantigens, demonstrating functional donor-specific T-
96 icient recipients were hyporesponsive toward alloantigen, despite increased numbers of CD8(+) effecto
97 ess how indirect responses against different alloantigens differ in their strength and longevity, and
98 n that effector memory T cells not primed to alloantigen do not cause GVHD yet transfer functional T
99 e superior to wild-type Tregs in suppressing alloantigen-driven expansion of T cells in vitro and in
100 in the absence of exogenous pathogens is the alloantigen-driven parent-into F1 model of acute graft-v
101 Foxp3 in iTregs followed homeostatic and/or alloantigen-driven proliferation and was unrelated to GV
102 rejection and report that unlike exposure to alloantigens during transplantation, platelet transfusio
103 ssociated with accelerated T cell death upon alloantigen encounter, suggesting these proteins might p
104 tical to the maintenance of tolerance toward alloantigens encountered during postnatal life pointing
105 X40L interactions at the time of exposure to alloantigen enhanced the ability of regulatory T cells t
107 tants of polyclonally activated B cells from alloantigen exposed (n = 13) or nonexposed (n = 10) indi
110 ferent species; IPD-human platelet antigens, alloantigens expressed only on platelets and IPD-ESTDAB,
111 ility complex of different species; IPD-HPA, alloantigens expressed only on platelets; and IPD-ESTDAB
113 pact of differences in Ag density from other alloantigen features that may also influence RBC alloimm
115 eactive CD8 T cells and as processed peptide alloantigen for recognition by indirect-pathway CD4 T ce
117 hin the mLNs is driven by profound levels of alloantigen, IL-12, and IL-6 promoted by Toll-like recep
118 t HLA type are strong predictors of class II alloantigen immunogenicity and alloantibody response bef
120 N) were removed and rechallenged with BALB/c alloantigen in vitro with subsequent assay of interferon
123 r, the impact of developmentally encountered alloantigens in shaping the phenotype and function of iN
124 nied by impaired responsiveness toward donor alloantigens in vitro after IL-2 cplx treatment was stop
125 lls proliferated and expanded in response to alloantigens in vivo, their ability to produce interleuk
126 ane microdomains containing the acquired MHC alloantigens included CD86, but completely excluded PD-L
127 immunologic risk because of sensitization to alloantigens, including those who have exhibited early o
128 ocytes, enhanced CD8(+) cytotoxicity against alloantigen, increased alloantibody production, and a de
129 an be provided by CD4 T cells that recognize alloantigen "indirectly," as self-restricted allopeptide
130 Donor Stat1 deficiency resulted in reduced alloantigen-induced activation and expansion of donor T
132 e provided CsA sustained release, decreasing alloantigen-induced immune responses in the draining lym
133 revented rejection pathology, down-regulated alloantigen-induced production of IFN-gamma and IL-17A,
135 significantly inhibits both homeostatic and alloantigen-induced proliferation of Treg, and promotes
136 t low ratios (<1:320), potent suppressors of alloantigen-induced proliferation without significant su
137 unity, this study investigated their role in alloantigen-induced T cell activation and asked whether
138 as in murine allogeneic skin transplant and alloantigen-induced T cell expansion in draining lymph n
139 TRAIL-R costimulation efficiently inhibited alloantigen-induced T cell proliferation and CD3/28-indu
140 hole limpet hemocyanin-induced Ab responses, alloantigen-induced T cell proliferation, "heart-to-ear"
142 A to granzyme B mRNA (P<0.01) were higher in alloantigen-induced Tregs (alloTregs) compared with nTre
143 ection after LTx, rather than persistence of alloantigen, induces the accumulation of dysfunctional C
145 mulation of naive donor T cells by recipient alloantigen is central to the pathogenesis of graft-vers
146 terruption of the process by which recipient alloantigen is presented to donor T cells to generate gr
148 on (alloSCT), there is no specific pathogen, alloantigen is ubiquitous, and signals that induce APC m
149 D has no physiological equivalent in nature; alloantigen is ubiquitous, persists indefinitely, and ca
150 that a possible way in which B cells present alloantigens is via acquisition of MHC-peptide complexes
151 Here, we review our current understanding of alloantigen, its presentation by various antigen-present
153 on of hematopoietic cells carrying the fetal alloantigen leads to enhanced demise of semiallogeneic f
155 sponses against previously encountered graft alloantigen may be the dominant mechanism for providing
157 fied CD8(+) T(CM) not specifically primed to alloantigens mediate GVHD in the MHC-mismatched C57BL/6
159 producing IFN-gamma and IL-17 in response to alloantigens (MLR), anti-CD3, and the glycolipid alpha-g
160 sponse with no evidence for sensitization to alloantigens nor acceleration of rejection of allogeneic
161 n, direct-pathway CD8 T cells that recognize alloantigen on donor cells require CD4 help for activati
162 (GVHD), naive donor CD4(+) T cells recognize alloantigens on host antigen-presenting cells and differ
163 Ks expressing intact homozygous glycoprotein alloantigens on the cell surface that carry the appropri
164 f TCR-transgenic CD4 T cells that recognized alloantigen only as conformationally intact protein (dir
167 rated T-cell responses to donor C57BL/6 (B6) alloantigens or stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) r
168 Exogenous C3a enhanced IL-17 production from alloantigen- or autoantigen (type V collagen)-reactive l
169 ies of T cells responding to autoantigen and alloantigen peptide-MHC tetramers in TCRalpha(+/-) mice.
171 e maternal immune system is exposed to fetal alloantigens, possibly explaining the relationship betwe
173 Despite the high level of recipient-derived alloantigen present on the surface of donor DCs, donor T
174 orward cascade of donor DC-mediated indirect alloantigen presentation and cytokine secretion within t
175 nic T-cell population that promotes indirect alloantigen presentation and pathological damage within
180 , we demonstrate that GVHD markedly enhances alloantigen presentation within the mesenteric lymph nod
182 nd up-regulated CD80, CD86, and IL-12 during alloantigen presentation, whereas CD11b(+) APCs expresse
184 stence of a foreign virus, the large mass of alloantigen presented by an allograft in chronic residen
185 ated only in response to processed recipient alloantigen presented via the indirect pathway and not i
186 ions had reduced HVEM expression and greater alloantigen-presenting capacity than wild-type lymphoma
187 LN and colocalize in exclusive regions with alloantigen-presenting cells, a process required for Tre
188 N that were permissive for colocalization of alloantigen-presenting cells, alloreactive T cells, and
189 ministration at the time of DST matures host alloantigen-presenting dendritic cells, prevents the est
191 ed only by CD4 T cells that recognize target alloantigen, processed and presented by the allospecific
192 ments, maternal T cells specific for a fetal alloantigen proliferate after fetal intervention, escape
193 ice: T cells recognizing intact acquired MHC alloantigens proliferated, whereas those responding to a
197 4-1BB and absence of CD40L expression, human alloantigen-reactive Foxp3(+) nTreg can be directly isol
203 n had more remarkable effect in reducing the alloantigen response with prolonged graft survival.
207 e found that previous sensitization to donor alloantigens resulted in the development of antidonor al
208 cific Tregs suppressed responses to specific alloantigen selectively and were approximately 100-fold
210 oups of recipients: nonsensitized wild type, alloantigen-sensitized wild-type and CCR5(-/-) mice that
211 he prenatal interaction between NK cells and alloantigens shapes the developing NK cell repertoire to
216 quency, growth requirements, and function of alloantigen-specific (allospecific) Tregs from human blo
218 fferentiate naive, high abundant CD4+ T into alloantigen-specific and allograft protective Foxp3+Treg
219 differentiate the polyclonal CD4+ cells into alloantigen-specific and allograft protective Tregs.
220 granule exocytosis, that is, cytotoxicity of alloantigen-specific and polyclonal CD8(+) CTL in vitro.
223 the proliferation of adoptively transferred alloantigen-specific CD4(+) T cells, demonstrating that
224 egulation of fetomaternal tolerance using an alloantigen-specific CD4(+) TCR transgenic mouse model s
225 n part promotes their survival.Whether these alloantigen-specific CD4CD25FOXP3 regulatory T (Treg) ce
226 tudy, we show that functionally suppressive, alloantigen-specific CD8(+) Foxp3(+) T cells can be indu
227 ion (CD4(+)CD25(bright)CD127(-) T cells) was alloantigen-specific expanded using HLA-mismatched immat
228 y to generate potent, functional, and stable alloantigen-specific human Tregs markedly enhances their
230 put forward a successful strategy to induce alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness towards stem cel
234 became hyporesponsive to restimulation in an alloantigen-specific manner and contained higher percent
237 s to our knowledge the first report using an alloantigen-specific model that establishes a link betwe
238 of exogenous IL-15, for expansion of stable alloantigen-specific nTregs with superior suppressive fu
240 lls, this phenotype favors the generation of alloantigen-specific regulatory CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells
243 e from transplant tolerant hosts to transfer alloantigen-specific suppression to lymphopenic recipien
244 Treg-specific demethylated region and showed alloantigen-specific suppressive properties superior to
251 reover, treatment with TAK-779 (a) decreased alloantigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation and numb
252 iltration into the graft, (b) attenuation of alloantigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferative response
253 ereafter, local IL-6 secretion induces donor alloantigen-specific Th17 cells to preferentially expand
256 n target of rapamycin (Rapa) synergizes with alloantigen-specific Treg (AAsTreg) to permit long-term,
257 ied by expansion of Foxp3(+) Tregs, enhanced alloantigen-specific Treg function, and modulation of tr
259 lograft may play a role in the generation of alloantigen-specific Tregs, but this role remains undefi
261 egulatory T cells, including those that were alloantigen-specific, which served an increasingly criti
267 eta/T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD28 activation or alloantigen stimulation in vitro compared with wild-type
270 se non-HLA antigens are classified as either alloantigens, such as the major histocompatibility compl
271 d not depend on T cell specificity for donor alloantigens suggesting an important role for posttransp
273 ransplantation and may be the main source of alloantigen that drives CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell response
275 e show that in mice primed to an MHC class I alloantigen, the accelerated graft rejection T memory re
276 ubsets that function as potential sources of alloantigens, the cross talk of innate lymphoid cells wi
277 tologous T lymphocytes, activated in vivo by alloantigens, the survival and growth of primary CFSE-la
278 t ILCs in mice and humans that expressed the alloantigen Thy-1 (CD90), interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor
279 esenting cells (APCs) to efficiently present alloantigen to donor T cells while releasing cytokines (
280 ence has accumulated that targeting of donor alloantigen to quiescent dendritic cells (DC) in situ or
281 ze major histocompatibility complex class II alloantigens to suppress skin transplant rejection.
282 with a history of pretransplant exposure to alloantigens, to predict subsequent humoral events and t
283 ntrast, DZNep did not affect the survival of alloantigen-unresponsive T cells in vivo and naive T cel
284 despite acquiring similar amounts of H-2(d) alloantigen upon coculture, MHC class II-deficient B6 DC
287 hereas the indirect response against class I alloantigen was longlasting and persistently strong, the
290 ytotoxicity of CD8(+) T cells in response to alloantigens was also diminished under these conditions,
291 To control for donor CD4 recognition of alloantigen, we used H-2(d) identical DBA/2 and B10.D2 d
292 receptor-transgenic) after stimulation with alloantigen were assessed in vitro by the incorporation
293 cy, pTreg cells specific to a model paternal alloantigen were generated in a CNS1-dependent manner an
294 ansgenic TEa CD4 cells that recognized donor alloantigen were transferred into C57BL/6 mice that rece
295 d-type hypersensitivity responses to C57BL/6 alloantigens were evaluated by a conventional ear swelli
296 alloantibody responses (P<0.001); only 6% of alloantigens with 0 to 2 mismatched AA-induced alloantib
297 orescence intensity 37) compared with 82% of alloantigens with more than or equal to 20 mismatched AA
298 during pregnancies sired by males expressing alloantigens with overlapping NIMA specificity, thereby
299 intact MHC class I alloantigen and processed alloantigen would deliver linked help, but has not been
300 d that T-regulatory cells specific for donor alloantigens would protect a renal transplant during par