ライフサイエンスコーパス: alpha-pinene

1 o diastereomers of TpRe(CO)(MeIm)(eta(2)-(R)-alpha-pinene).

2 om oxidation of ponderosa pine emissions and alpha-pinene.

3 oratory study investigating the oxidation of alpha-pinene.

4 anic aerosol (SOA) produced by ozonolysis of alpha-pinene.

5 ite effects were observed in the case of (-)-alpha-pinene.

6 M from the O(3) or OH initiated oxidation of alpha-pinene.

7 nhanced binding and rate of oxidation of (+)-alpha-pinene.

8 P450(cam) for the selective oxidation of (+)-alpha-pinene.

9 2)-benzene) has been developed utilizing (R)-alpha-pinene.

10 aerosol (SOA) formed from the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene.

11 to-oxidation of mesitylene and ozonolysis of alpha-pinene.

12 tion of the two) affected SOA formation from alpha-pinene.

13 lecules (HOMs) are produced by ozonolysis of alpha-pinene.

14 aerosol (SOA) arising from the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene.

15 nic material (SOM) produced by ozonolysis of alpha-pinene.

16 centrations, estimated for the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene (0.020 +/- 0.0050 nmol/mug), limonene (0.00

17 C-FID and GC/MS, the major constituents were alpha-pinene, 1,8-cineole, borneol, beta-bisabolene, and

18 epper odour, such as beta-pinene (34.0%) and alpha-pinene (10.3%).

19 ere 1.8 cineole (52.2%), camphor (15.2%) and alpha-pinene (12.4%).

20 tuted high levels of beta-pinene (47.1%) and alpha-pinene (21.3%).

21 Limonene, alpha-pinene, 3-carene, dihydromyrcenol, geraniol, linal

22 -ocimene (53.81%), R-D-decalactone (12.75%), alpha-pinene (6.43%), n-heptanol (6.27%), beta-phellande

23 one (2) has been developed starting from (S)-alpha-pinene (7), using photooxygenation, oxidation, and

24 , followed by asymmetric hydroboration using alpha-pinene/9-BBN reagents to form the stereoisomeric a

25 investigate the atmospheric autoxidation of alpha-pinene, a complex process that plays a major role

26 Further, by using the common terpene alpha-pinene, a single enantiomer of the tungsten fragme

27 rmed from oxidation of organic gases such as alpha-pinene account for a significant portion of total

28 and a total seven selected terpenes that are alpha-pinene, alpha-phellandrene, (+)-3-carene, sabinene

29 of SOA formed by the oxidation of isoprene, alpha-pinene, alpha-terpineol, and toluene.

30 uantified were the monoterpenes beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, alpha-thujene, camphene, sabinene, delta-3

31 of oxidized organic molecules (OOMs) for (+)-alpha-pinene and (+)-limonene, respectively, compared to

32 nantiomers of two common monoterpenes, (+/-)-alpha-pinene and (+/-)-limonene, at atmospherically rele

33 only mastic oil -which is comprised of 67.7% alpha-pinene and 18.8% myrcene- induced a statistically

34 50% enhancement in the formation of SOA from alpha-pinene and a ~20% reduction in limonene SOA format

35 ed depending on the floral source (pentanal, alpha-pinene and benzaldehyde were SH in BWF-H sunflower

36 as cylinders prepared with a mixture of just alpha-pinene and benzene as the internal standard.

37 . communis showed high contents of sabinene, alpha-pinene and beta-myrcene with 19-30%, 12-24% and 9-

38 adicals that are formed after OH addition to alpha-pinene and beta-pinene are investigated.

39 ys of the atmospherically important terpenes alpha-pinene and beta-pinene are studied using density f

40 na to a mixture of the bicyclic monoterpenes alpha-pinene and beta-pinene induced defense, accumulati

41 The distribution of identified alpha-pinene and beta-pinene SOA molecular products is e

42 from the NO3 oxidation of two monoterpenes (alpha-pinene and beta-pinene) and investigate how they e

43 of the mass of SOA formed from ozonolysis of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene, respectively.

44 major dimer esters in SOA from ozonolysis of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene-substantial global SOA sour

45 and a (-)-pinene synthase that produces both alpha-pinene and beta-pinene.

46 plored, targeting two medium-polar analytes, alpha-pinene and cis-verbenol in Boswellia sacra tree re

47 from the structurally similar monoterpenes, alpha-pinene and Delta(3)-carene, differs substantially.

48 In laboratory measurements of alpha-pinene and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation system

49 of biogenic oxidized organic molecules (from alpha-pinene and isoprene) at low temperatures (243 and

50 rganic compounds, including the monoterpenes alpha-pinene and limonene and the aromatic catechol (ben

51 ng the ozonolysis of two biogenic compounds (alpha-pinene and limonene), under different environmenta

52 These produce either the monoterpenes alpha-pinene and limonene, or the sesquiterpene 7-epizin

53 adical oxidation of two common monoterpenes, alpha-pinene and limonene.

54 ics of SOA particles formed by ozonolysis of alpha-pinene and limonene.

55 of particles generated from the reaction of alpha-pinene and ozone and compared and discussed the re

56 This work examines these interactions using alpha-pinene and pellet boiler emissions as a model test

57 osols (SOA) resulting from the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene and photooxidation of toluene, redispersed

58 tion of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from alpha-pinene and toluene photooxidation.

59 % enhancements in relative SOA yield for the alpha-pinene and toluene systems, respectively, when see

60 yses revealed an excess of (-)-limonene, (-)-alpha-pinene, and (+)-linalool for all cultivars with po

61 ered substrates such as 1-methylcyclohexene, alpha-pinene, and 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene.

62 genes for the production of 1,8-cineole and alpha-pinene, and beta-pinene (which comprised > 80% of

63 Wood density, myrcene, total monoterpenes, alpha-pinene, and catechin exhibited the highest overlap

64 standards (acetone, benzaldehyde, sulcatone, alpha-pinene, and decanal).

65 mong the most abundant oxidation products of alpha-pinene, and dimethylamine were selected to study t

66 tion of pure mixtures of beta-caryophyllene, alpha-pinene, and isoprene, which produces oxygenated co

67 caryophyllene, the monoterpenes linalool and alpha-pinene, and the homoterpene (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7

68 enerated from two monoterpenes, limonene and alpha-pinene, and two different oxidants, ozone (O3) and

69 produces significant amounts of (+)- and (-)-alpha-pinene, (+)- and (-)-beta-pinene, myrcene and (+)-

70 mers were synthesised (TPA6 and TPA7), using alpha-pinene- and oleic acid-derived monomers functional

71 atmospherically relevant organic coatings of alpha-pinene (AP) SOA on the reactive uptake of trans-be

72 f oil were alpha-Phellandrene, alpha-cymene, alpha-pinene, Apiol, 1,6-Cyclodecodiene, and 1-methyl-5-

73 xygenated derivatives of the monoterpene (+)-alpha-pinene are found in plant essential oils and used

74 bstituted (C10H16) and deuterated (C10H13D3) alpha-pinene are investigated using coupled ion mobility

75 , beta-myrcene, d-limonene, terpinolene, and alpha-pinene are often reported in air samples collected

76 SOA yields from OH oxidation of alpha-pinene are significantly higher than SOA yields fr

77 With alpha-pinene as an example, we first developed parameter

78 ed with appreciated sensory properties, with alpha-pinene as the main volatile (14.47-37.09 mg/kg).

79 methodology has been evaluated here by using alpha-pinene as the precursor because it is the monoterp

80 e to study SOA formed from the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene at relative humidities (RHs) up to 87% at 2

81 how T(g) varies with T(0) and the amount of alpha-pinene being oxidized.

82 hexanal, decanal, linalool, ethyl butanoate, alpha-pinene, beta-myrcene and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol) was dev

83 d higher secondary metabolites in particular alpha-pinene, beta-myrcene, borneol, and 1,8-cineole und

84 e bond as the only functional group, such as alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and camphene, or two alkene mo

85 and this was associated with the presence of alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and camphene in the emissions

86 much higher concentrations of monoterpenes (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and camphene) than did S. ter

87 ae uses a mixture of (E)-beta-farnesene, (-)-alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and limonene.

88 d production of SOA from limonene, isoprene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and toluene by (3)IC* occurs

89 reactions of (3)IC* with limonene, isoprene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and toluene, and an enhanceme

90 ughput method of quantifying seven terpenes (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, beta-myrcene, 3-carene, limon

91 sis reactions of four biogenic monoterpenes (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, D-limonene, Delta(3)-carene)

92 of five monoterpenes and one sesquiterpene (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, Delta-3-carene, limonene, sab

93 tools, we investigate oxidation reactions of alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, limonene, and sabinene, initi

94 enes such as (-)-limonene, (-)-linalool, (-)-alpha-pinene/beta-pinene or myrcene, in transgenic tobac

95 Some mutants had tighter (+)-alpha-pinene binding than camphor binding by the wild-ty

96 ulations: one with high levels of verbenone, alpha-pinene, bornyl acetate, carnosic acid and carnosol

97 t studies of particles from the oxidation of alpha-pinene by ozone and NO(3) radicals at room tempera

98 ase also produces significant amounts of (+)-alpha-pinene, (+)-camphene, and (+/-)-limonene.

99 For the molecules studied, alpha-pinene, camphor, and borneol, the accuracy of foll

100 ate] and several terpene hydrocarbons [e.g., alpha-pinene, caryophyllene] were emitted.

101 We demonstrate that spin trap adducts with alpha-pinene CIs also form in the gas phase and that the

102 been used to generate spin trap adducts with alpha-pinene CIs in the gas phase.

103 the structure of the spin trap adducts with alpha-pinene CIs, the reaction was tested in solution, a

104 However, formation of the 2B6-(+)-alpha-pinene complex has a significant enthalpic compone

105 of solid solutions (cocrystals), even at low alpha-pinene concentration, showing that it can modify T

106 ules (HOMs) increases with T(0) and at lower alpha-pinene concentrations.

107 resentative borane reagents derived from (+)-alpha-pinene confirm that the overall stereoselectivity,

108 In addition, ozonolysis of alpha-pinene contributes substantially to the formation

109 inene decreased, while the mole fractions of alpha-pinene, d-limonene (R-(+)-limonene), p-cymene, and

110 is showed a high frequency of appearance for alpha-pinene, d-limonene, beta-pinene in both types of m

111 Ozonolysis of alpha-pinene, Delta(3)-carene, and a 1:1 mixture of them

112 4-9 monomers and C16-20H24-36O8-14 dimers in alpha-pinene derived secondary organic aerosol (SOA).

113 aporation of aerosol particles suggests that alpha-pinene-derived hydroperoxides are thermally labile

114 m and lambdaemission = 425 +/- 38 nm for the alpha-pinene-derived SOA.

115 er a P450(cam) mutant that could oxidize (+)-alpha-pinene directly to (+)-verbenone.

116 As drought progressed, the source of (-)-alpha-pinene emissions shifted to storage pools, favouri

117 ), biomass burning (guaiacol), and biogenic (alpha-pinene) emissions.

118 Pre-drought mixing ratios of both alpha-pinene enantiomers correlated better with other mo

119 (+)-Verbenone, (+)-myrtenol, and the (+)-alpha-pinene epoxides were among the minor products.

120 The extracts shown abundancy of alpha-pinene, eucalyptol, S-verbenone and camphor, contr

121 article mass concentration for ozonolysis of alpha-pinene exceed those from ozonolysis of Delta(3)-ca

122 SOA was generated by the dark ozonolysis of alpha-pinene, extracted into the water, and subjected to

123 ine, or by the conventional hydroboration of alpha-pinene, followed by addition of DMAP.

124 icantly increased emission of D-limonene and alpha-pinene from plants with 2-day-old eggs, and we fou

125 The main components linalool, alpha-pinene, gamma-terpinene, p-cymene and limonene sho

126 We used a smog chamber to generate SOA from alpha-pinene, guaiacol, isoprene, tetradecane, and 1,3,5

127 Ozonolysis of alpha-pinene has been chosen as a proof-of-principle mod

128 ting that DMA might affect the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene in ambient conditions.

129 to better understand the atmospheric fate of alpha-pinene in future studies.

130 release characteristics of diacetyl and (-)-alpha-pinene in oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions prepared wi

131 Ozonolysis of alpha-pinene in the presence of candle gaseous emissions

132 In the present study, ozonolysis of alpha-pinene in the presence of dimethylamine (DMA) was

133 of SOA particles formed during ozonolysis of alpha-pinene in the presence of dioctyl phthalate (DOP)

134 The ULVOC yield of alpha-pinene in the presence of NO(3) is one-fifth of th

135 d into SOA particles formed by ozonolysis of alpha-pinene in the presence of PAH vapor.

136 The maximum SOA yield of alpha-pinene in the presence of pellet boiler exhaust (u

137 a biogenic precursor (beta-pinene, limonene, alpha-pinene) in a flow tube reactor.

138 The photooxidation products of a mixture of alpha-pinene (initial concentration 191 ppb), 1,3,5-trim

139 (+)-alpha-Pinene is a monoterpene hydrocarbon that is widely

140 (+)-alpha-Pinene is structurally related to (+)-camphor, the

141 posed mechanism of formation of acetone from alpha-pinene, is determined to possess a barrier of 11.6

142 -dihydronaphthalene; 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene; alpha-pinene; isopropyl 2-methylbutanoate; cymene; 2,6-d

143 strategies and tactics for the synthesis of alpha-pinene isotopologues that has culminated in access

144 The ability of methyl-isoeugenol, limonene, alpha-pinene, isovaleric acid, and isosafrole to inhibit

145 ion of the structures of (+)-camphor and (+)-alpha-pinene lead to active-site mutants containing comb

146 droxymethyllimonene, readily accessible from alpha-pinene, leads to the formation of chiral polycycli

147 dant capacity of eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, alpha-pinene, limonene and linalool was determined.

148 ed the highest positive chemotaxis (70-80%), alpha-pinene, limonene and tridecane were intermediate (

149 each plant, five of which were identified as alpha-pinene, limonene, 2-methoxy-3-(1-methylpropyl)-pyr

150 d in the laboratory-controlled ozonolysis of alpha-pinene, limonene, and beta-ocimene monoterpenes.

151 mixtures produced through the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene, limonene, and ocimene.

152 of the aerosol produced, but in the case of alpha-pinene, little organonitrate and no aerosol is for

153 Gs (trilaurin, tripalmitin, trimyristin) and alpha-pinene, main monoterpene found in several essentia

154 ompounds, including natural products such as alpha-pinene, menthol and limonene.

155 ignificant anti-tumor effect in mice but not alpha-pinene, myrcene or a combination thereof.

156 compared to those previously determined for alpha-pinene + O(3) SOA, highlighting the dependence of

157 ectly test whether D62-squalane and SOA from alpha-pinene + O3 form a single solution or two separate

158 ents, one material (D62-squalane or SOA from alpha-pinene + O3) was prepared first to serve as surfac

159 ents of the influence of adding a coating of alpha-pinene+O3 SOA onto squalane particles on the OH-in

160 If the gem dimethyl groups of (+)-alpha-pinene occupied similar positions to those found f

161 rain first-generation SOA formation from the alpha-pinene + OH reaction and also study SOA formation

162 Both of the alkoxy radicals formed from the alpha-pinene-OH adduct possess a single favored C-C scis

163 The rearrangement of the alpha-pinene-OH adduct, a key step in the proposed mecha

164 ypes of monoterpene-derived SCIs from either alpha-pinene or 3-carene are scavenged by 10 different c

165 lpha-pinene SOA compounds were produced from alpha-pinene oxidation experiments and used for quantita

166 fraction remaining of monomeric and dimeric alpha-pinene oxidation products on the filter via UPLC/E

167 by following the behavior of specific common alpha-pinene oxidation products, namely, cis-pinonic aci

168 s hindered by the structural rigidity of the alpha-pinene oxidation products.

169 e, we predicted and compared KS for selected alpha-pinene oxidation products.

170 active was the Y96F/V247L mutant, with a (+)-alpha-pinene oxidation rate of 270 nmol (nmol of P450(ca

171 tive tracer (13)N in flow-reactor studies of alpha-pinene oxidation with ozone.

172 these studies that the lack of reactivity of alpha-pinene oxide and exo-2,3-epoxynorbornane toward co

173 ) on relative SOA yield and composition from alpha-pinene ozonolysis and the photooxidation of toluen

174 equilibration time scales of SOA formed from alpha-pinene ozonolysis by measuring the dynamic respons

175 H reaction and also study SOA formation from alpha-pinene ozonolysis carried out without an OH scaven

176 Coating with small diacids or products from alpha-pinene ozonolysis demonstrates that ions are eject

177 ficients of a suite of oxidation products of alpha-pinene ozonolysis in an aerosol that is assumed to

178 SOA was formed by alpha-pinene ozonolysis in an atmospheric simulation cha

179 eactive gaseous organic species generated by alpha-pinene ozonolysis in an environmental chamber and

180 e water-soluble component of SOM produced by alpha-pinene ozonolysis is quantified for 20- to 50-mum

181 chemical composition of SOA formed via dark alpha-pinene ozonolysis on either (NH(4))(2)SO(4) or Fe-

182 anic peroxides, which are highly abundant in alpha-pinene ozonolysis SOA (22 +/- 5% by weight), have

183 PLC/ESI-MS is demonstrated by application to alpha-pinene ozonolysis SOA for which increased filter a

184 stripping volatile compounds and ozone from alpha-pinene ozonolysis SOA with three 1-m-long denuders

185 ted for aerosol particles of adipic acid and alpha-pinene ozonolysis SOM.

186 lly fall within the range of mass yields for alpha-pinene ozonolysis under various conditions.

187 s that describe the partitioning of SOA from alpha-pinene ozonolysis using measurements from a dual-t

188 We studied alpha-pinene ozonolysis using state-of-the-art chemical

189 this end, aerosol chamber investigations of alpha-pinene ozonolysis were conducted under near enviro

190 SOA yields from alpha-pinene ozonolysis were measured in the presence of

191 f particles formed from other sources (e.g., alpha-pinene ozonolysis) by affecting gas-phase chemistr

192 osol (SOA), formed in a flow tube reactor by alpha-pinene ozonolysis, was studied by passing the fres

193 For reactive organic species generated by alpha-pinene ozonolysis, we show that combining diethyla

194 produced by isoprene photo-oxidation and by alpha-pinene ozonolysis.

195 mixture results in concentrations similar to alpha-pinene ozonolysis.

196 w volatility organic compounds formed during alpha-pinene ozonolysis.

197 condary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from alpha-pinene photo-oxidation was studied under atmospher

198 Results from a time-resolved alpha-pinene photooxidation experiment show that the 2-h

199 those formed by condensation of the oxidized alpha-pinene products on size-selected DOP particles and

200 alpha-Pinene proves to be a promising natural additive f

201 ents studied, the mixture propionic acid and alpha-pinene provided the best results, leading to a fin

202 ggest that organic peroxy radicals formed by alpha-pinene reacting with secondary OH from ozonolysis

203 ypical particle-phase products from the O(3)/alpha-pinene reaction (i.e., terebic acid, cis-pinic aci

204 ed from typical indoor chemistry of the O(3)/alpha-pinene reaction with and without the presence of p

205 OA mass loadings are produced during the NO3+alpha-pinene reaction, during which only 5 highly oxygen

206 s and was proposed in previous studies as an alpha-pinene-related marker compound that is associated

207 ce of nocturnal biogenic NPF in monoterpene (alpha-pinene)-rich environments.

208 1,8-cineole, limonene, myrcene, beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, sabinene and alpha-terpineol.

209 Emissions of delta-3-carene, alpha-pinene, sabinene, and beta-phellandrene were most

210 A proof-of-concept application to alpha-pinene secondary organic aerosol (SOA) shows the a

211 ls (OH) with a water-soluble fraction of the alpha-pinene secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was investi

212 (PEG-300) and also for a complex mixture of alpha-pinene secondary organic aerosol (SOA).

213 beta-Pinene and alpha-pinene showed excellent stability at over 6 months

214 noterpene isomers: D-limonene SOA (LSOA) and alpha-pinene SOA (PSOA).

215 evaporation kinetics of laboratory-generated alpha-pinene SOA and ambient atmospheric SOA.

216 dentified two of the 20 synthesized AAHPs in alpha-pinene SOA and two in 3-carene SOA, contributing ~

217 r, those of larger OAs and many other OAs in alpha-pinene SOA are affected to a much less extent.

218 he mechanism of browning in highly acidified alpha-pinene SOA by following the behavior of specific c

219 Eleven individual alpha-pinene SOA compounds were produced from alpha-pine

220 of the particle-phase ON evaporates from the alpha-pinene SOA during photochemical aging, thus exhibi

221 With this protocol, alpha-pinene SOA is found to be more volatile than tolue

222 Experiments were carried out on alpha-pinene SOA particles generated, evaporated, and ag

223 emoved, it takes approximately 24 h for pure alpha-pinene SOA particles to evaporate 75% of their mas

224 and by condensation of DOP on size-selected alpha-pinene SOA particles.

225 The diffusivity within the aged alpha-pinene SOA remains appreciably slow even at 80% RH

226 Aqueous OH aging of the alpha-pinene SOA results in a 10% increase of the averag

227 We conclude that the alpha-pinene SOA shell creates no major diffusion limita

228 rylic acid epoxide (MAE)-derived SOA tracer, alpha-pinene SOA tracers, and a biomass burning tracer (

229 ifetime of particle-bound radical species in alpha-pinene SOA was estimated, and a pseudo-first-order

230 tassium sulfate) and accumulation mode (aged alpha-pinene SOA) particles as a function of relative hu

231 7% dimers, and 7.2% trimers and tetramers in alpha-pinene SOA, but after sensitivity correction, the

232 lar characterization of organic peroxides in alpha-pinene SOA, combining iodometry kinetic experiment

233 For alpha-pinene SOA, sensitivity determination for specific

234 s, we identify over 300 organic peroxides in alpha-pinene SOA, showing a wide range of reactivities w

235 For each system we added alpha-pinene SOA-generated directly in the AOT chamber-t

236 needed for achieving carbon mass closure of alpha-pinene SOA.

237 For alpha-pinene SOM, ammonia exposure at low RH increased t

238 ions between ozonolysis reaction products of alpha-pinene, such as pinonaldehyde or pinonic acid, and

239 terized as a 1,8-cineole synthase and a beta/alpha-pinene synthase.

240 kout rice plants deficient in D-limonene and alpha-pinene synthesis lost their appeal to the wasps, b

241 which has been calculated to be rapid in the alpha-pinene system, and suggest more research is requir

242 ncentration in emulsions aromatized with (-)-alpha-pinene than with diacetyl.

243 Whereas, in samples flavoured with (-)-alpha-pinene, the highest and lowest retention time-cour

244 molecular interactions observed for TAGs and alpha-pinene through thermodynamic modelling.

245 lly among the different BVOCs, from zero for alpha-pinene to 38-65% for Delta-3-carene and 86% for be

246 and a crotyl borane reagent derived from (-)-alpha-pinene to set both stereocenters in a single step

247 Binding of (+)-alpha-pinene to the P450 active site was demonstrated by

248 The observed range of relative yields for alpha-pinene, toluene, and acetylene SOA on deliquesced

249 oxidation of VOCs, in particular the terpene alpha-pinene, under atmospherically relevant conditions

250 (+)-alpha-Pinene was bound in two orientations which were re

251 vo-synthesized (-)-alpha-pinene, whereas (+)-alpha-pinene was emitted from storage pools.

252 gaseous species formed from the oxidation of alpha-pinene was explored.

253 ysis of human P450 2B6 interactions with (+)-alpha-pinene was undertaken to elucidate the basis of th

254 of decreasing mole fraction was observed in alpha-pinene where growth of d-limonene, p-cymene, and c

255 ation emitted mainly de novo-synthesized (-)-alpha-pinene, whereas (+)-alpha-pinene was emitted from

256 by the pellet boiler reduced SOA yields from alpha-pinene, whereas the chemical properties of the pri

257 unds by selective enzymatic oxidation of (+)-alpha-pinene, which is readily available in large quanti

258 ilable, enantiomerically pure (1R)- and (1S)-alpha-pinene, which was functionalized and subsequently

259 ) can be obtained with >99% ee starting from alpha-pinene with 80-90% ee by hydroboration using DMAP.

260 vely, J. oxycedrus was strongly dominated by alpha-pinene with 85-92% in both needles and berries.

261 The direct reaction of alpha-pinene with NO3 was found to be less important for

262 stability, was observed for beta-pinene and alpha-pinene, with growth of d-limonene, p-cymene, and c