ライフサイエンスコーパス: aminoacylate

1 n cells was transported to the cytoplasm and aminoacylated.

2 ed, mature tRNA(Arg)(CCG) is not efficiently aminoacylated.

3 te amino acid-specific editing but cannot be aminoacylated.

4 e pairs, since the A29:U41 mutant is readily aminoacylated.

5 increasing the fraction of tRNA that can be aminoacylated.

6 e mitochondrial-encoded tyrosyl-tRNA that it aminoacylates.

7 olved, how were primordial tRNAs selectively aminoacylated?

8 n, tmRNAala enters the ribosome and adds its aminoacylated alanine to the nascent polypeptide.

9 We show that an aminoacylated amber suppressor tRNA (supF) derived from

10 The resulting aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases aminoacylate an amber suppressor tRNA with a desired unn

11 The mutant tRNAs are fully aminoacylated and do not interfere with the translation

12 tionship between the ability of a tRNA to be aminoacylated and its ability to stimulate the editing a

13 ecific RNA sequences can be nonenzymatically aminoacylated and ligated to produce amino acid-bridged

14 en performed tRNA-seq to distinguish between aminoacylated and uncharged tRNAs.

15 The mutant tRNAs were not aminoacylated, and the levels of complementation were lo

16 ntact and truncated cross-linked tmRNAs were aminoacylated as efficiently as the respective nonirradi

17 pliced tRNAs, regardless of whether they are aminoacylated, assemble into Los1-RanGTP complexes, docu

18 triplet and may, therefore, be inefficiently aminoacylated because of a lack of anticodon-triggered a

19 l ProRS enzymes possess the dual capacity to aminoacylate both tRNA(Pro) and tRNA(Cys) with their cog

20 nating glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS) that aminoacylates both tRNA(Gln) and tRNA(Glu) with glutamat

21 RNAs in vivo show that the initiator tRNA is aminoacylated but is not formylated in H. volcanii.

22 d by the m.8344A>G mutation in mt-tRNA(Lys), aminoacylated by a Class II aaRS.

23 onsense codons permits tRNA (Trp)(CCA) to be aminoacylated by A.thaliana lysyl-tRNA synthetase.

24 Here we show that an RNA minihelix was aminoacylated by an aminoacyl-phosphate-D-oligonucleotid

25 n vivo are (i) a suppressor tRNA that is not aminoacylated by any of the endogenous aminoacyl-tRNA sy

26 cating that none of the suppressor tRNAs are aminoacylated by any of the twenty aminoacyl-tRNA synthe

27 tions in the mt-tRNA(Ile), both of which are aminoacylated by Class I mt-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (

28 r-TpsiC helix of tRNA(Ile) or tRNA(Val) were aminoacylated by cognate synthetases selectively with is

29 n amino acids and isoacceptor tRNAs that are aminoacylated by corresponding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

30 duced a tRNA substrate which was efficiently aminoacylated by CysRS, even though the tertiary core re

31 In extant biology, tRNAs are selectively aminoacylated by enzymes using high-energy intermediates

32 tRNA(Leu(UUR)), and tRNA variants that were aminoacylated by hs mt LeuRS were isolated using an in v

33 f the next module, SrfB2, was not detectably aminoacylated by SrfB1, indicative of protein-protein re

34 RNA(Pro), which lacks these elements, is not aminoacylated by the bacterial enzyme.

35 are based on the acceptor stem alone can be aminoacylated by the class I methionyl-tRNA synthetase.

36 d human tRNACys to ones that are efficiently aminoacylated by the E. coli enzyme, we have identified

37 ain of human tRNA(Lys,3)was not specifically aminoacylated by the human enzyme.

38 a defect in the ability of mutant tRNA to be aminoacylated by the human mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA syn

39 vious studies reported that tRNAPyl could be aminoacylated by the synthetase-like protein PylS.

40 codon-anticodon base pairing, are typically aminoacylated by their cognate tRNA synthetases, and ena

41 n a system in which the same tRNA species is aminoacylated by two unrelated synthetases.

42 Importantly, aminoacylated CCA trinucleotides display a systematicall

43 Transfer RNA (tRNA) decodes mRNA codons when aminoacylated (charged) with an amino acid at its 3' end

44 Lysyl-tRNA synthetase aminoacylates CoA-SH with lysine, leucine, threonine, al

45 Here I show that isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase aminoacylates CoA-SH with valine, leucine, threonine, al

46 re closely related in evolution and yet they aminoacylate contrasting tRNAs.

47 ibosomal RNA (rRNA) modifications, including aminoacylated CP-tRNA(Val).

48 Using a model system of self-aminoacylating D-ribozymes and epimerizable activated am

49 ranslational defects and thereby reduced the aminoacylated efficiencies of tRNA(Leu(UUR)) as well as

50 The aminoacylated efficiency and steady-state level of tRNA(

51 ryotic elongation factors eEF1A and eEF2 and aminoacylated elongator tRNAs resulted in the synthesis

52 eductions in the steady-state levels and the aminoacylated fraction of tRNA(Leu(UUR)) are likely to c

53 The alpha-NH(2) group of an aminoacylated fragment in the A site forms one hydrogen

54 Aminoacylated fully modified tRNAs and unmodified tRNA t

55 two GluRS enzymes, with GluRS2 specifically aminoacylating Glu onto tRNA(Gln).

56 o-step pathway for the specific synthesis of aminoacylated glutamine and/or asparagine tRNAs, involvi

57 hondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, which aminoacylates hmt-tRNA(Phe) with cognate phenylalanine.

58 indicate that human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase aminoacylates human but not B. stearothermophilus tRNATy

59 pecific tRNA (tRNA(cys)) was transcribed and aminoacylated in a single reaction.

60 We show that the tRNA is not aminoacylated in COS-1 cells by any of the endogenous am

61 . coli tRNA3Lys expressed from a plasmid was aminoacylated in mammalian cells.

62 All tRNAs examined can be aminoacylated in nuclei of Xenopus oocytes, thereby prov

63 We now show that tRNAPyl is efficiently aminoacylated in the presence of both the class I LysRS

64 This mutant initiator tRNA can, however, be aminoacylated in vitro by the Escherichia coli glutaminy

65 rified after expression in Escherichia coli, aminoacylated in vitro transcripts corresponding to both

66 tRNA(Leu(UUR)) was 25-fold less efficiently aminoacylated in vitro, compared to native wild-type tRN

67 The suppressor tRNAs are aminoacylated in vivo only in the presence of the hetero

68 oacyl-tRNA synthetases, the mutant tRNAs are aminoacylated in vivo with different amino acids.

69 Here we show that the Mi:2 tRNA is normally aminoacylated in vivo with lysine and that the tRNA amin

70 g modern tRNAs could have been spontaneously aminoacylated, in a stereoselective and chemoselective m

71 However, these t-elements are not aminoacylated, indicating that they are only recognized

72 tiation begins with ribosomal recruitment of aminoacylated initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA(Met)(i)) by eukar

73 ted intermediate requires the presence of an aminoacylated initiator, fMet-tRNA(fMet), and IF2 in the

74 ular permeability to cationic antibiotics by aminoacylating inner membrane lipids.

75 followed by transient formation of the alpha-aminoacylate intermediate with a slightly lower rate (70

76 he small fraction of hmtRNA(Met) that can be aminoacylated is not formylated by the mitochondrial Met

77 RS) is first evolved in yeast to selectively aminoacylate its tRNA with the unnatural amino acid of i

78 he A/PCP 105-kDa fragment of Lys2 covalently aminoacylated itself with [35S]S-carboxymethyl-L-cystein

79 However, approximately 60% increase in aminoacylated level of tRNAHis was observed in mutant ce

80 ed by the fact that the bacterial synthetase aminoacylates mammalian initiator tRNA, but not elongato

81 nscriptional base modifications, and charge (aminoacylate) mature tRNAs with the correct amino acid.

82 ycotina fungi are bifunctional proteins that aminoacylate mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) and are structure-s

83 yrosyl-tRNA synthetase (CYT-18 protein) both aminoacylates mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) and acts as a stru

84 se (TyrRS; CYT-18), is bifunctional and both aminoacylates mitochondrial tRNA(Tyr) and promotes the s

85 side chain, whereas the other recognizes an aminoacylated oligonucleotide.

86 ential substrates for ribosomal translation, aminoacylated oligonucleotides must have been present in

87 mino acids in nature and their ability to be aminoacylated onto tRNAs by aa-tRNA synthetases.

88 y favors the use of a class I-type enzyme to aminoacylate particular tRNALys species and provides a m

89 Although both forms of MprF aminoacylate PG, they do so with different amino acids;

90 We showed that both HRPKS-TEs synthesize aminoacylated polyketides in an ATP-independent fashion.

91 dditions to mt-tRNA led to reduced levels of aminoacylated pool of certain mt-tRNAs and mitoribosome

92 The enzyme is unable to aminoacylate purified mature M. jannaschii tRNA(Cys) wit

93 ealed a variable decrease in mobility of the aminoacylated relative to the nonacylated form, with the

94 In an RNA world, a system of self-aminoacylating ribozymes could enforce the mapping of am

95 Ribozymes that aminoacylate RNA by using activated amino acids have bee

96 mical methods to effectively and selectively aminoacylate RNA-2',3'-diols with the breadth of protein

97 closing ligation, a reaction that "captures" aminoacylated RNA in a stable phosphoramidate product, s

98 t of molecular dynamics simulations of model aminoacylated RNA trinucleotides.

99 urther imply that early life consisted of an aminoacylated RNA world with a richer enzymatic potentia

100 d that the class I methionyl-tRNA synthetase aminoacylates RNA microhelices based on the acceptor ste

101 A self-aminoacylating RNA catalyst is shown to carry out the ch

102 ic assay to map a fitness landscape for self-aminoacylating RNA, with nearly complete coverage of seq

103 Here, we show that aminoacylated RNAs can undergo template-directed assembl

104 We therefore wondered whether aminoacylated RNAs might have served some primordial fun

105 The synthesis of specifically aminoacylated RNAs, an unlikely prospect for nonenzymati

106 Comparison of six independent self-aminoacylating RNAs derived from selection-amplification

107 Aminoacylated-S-CmaE will transfer the l-Val moiety to t

108 otic elongation factor (eEFSec) delivers the aminoacylated selenocysteine-tRNA (Sec-tRNA(Sec)) to the

109 synthetase (GlnRS) proteins that incorrectly aminoacylate the amber suppressor derived from tRNATyr (

110 Moreover, the 5'-leader segment is able to aminoacylate the mature tRNA in trans.

111 These mutants still aminoacylate the suppressor tRNA essentially quantitativ

112 three molecules of L-cysteine and covalently aminoacylates the phosphopantetheinyl (P-pant) thiols on

113 ) and (ii) an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that aminoacylates the suppressor tRNA but no other tRNA in t

114 he hydroxyl groups of a tRNA, it exclusively aminoacylates the terminal 3'-OH.

115 yl-tRNA synthetase was evolved that uniquely aminoacylates the unnatural amino acid onto an orthogona

116 Importantly, S. cerevisiae GlnRS aminoacylates the yeast orthogonal tRNA in vitro and in

117 ion in the cell, as they are responsible for aminoacylating the correct amino acid to its correspondi

118 recognize either proline or cysteine and can aminoacylate their cognate tRNAs through a dual-specific

119 the smallest tRNA(leu) analog that has been aminoacylated to a significant extent to date.

120 The CAU-->CUA mutant was not aminoacylated to any significant extent in vivo, suggest

121 (Met) residues used in protein synthesis are aminoacylated to non-methionyl-tRNAs.

122 of 32P-labeled pyrophosphate into ATP and to aminoacylate total E. coli tRNA with L-serine.

123 ia coli translation system with specifically aminoacylated total tRNA that has been chemically methyl

124 G or elongation factor Tu complexed with an aminoacylated transfer RNA and GTP onto the factor-bindi

125 Aminoacylated transfer RNAs, which harbor a covalent lin

126 at the average conformational preferences of aminoacylated trinucleotides are determined by their nuc

127 HisRS homologs that, like HisZ, cannot aminoacylate tRNA are represented in a highly divergent

128 h Escherichia coli ThrRS, which is unable to aminoacylate tRNA(1Thr), reveals differences in the anti

129 gent pattern of conservation in enzymes that aminoacylate tRNA(Glu)versus those specific for tRNA(Gln

130 NA synthetase whose essential function is to aminoacylate tRNA(Ile) with isoleucine.

131 c class IIb KRS, including the propensity to aminoacylate tRNA(Lys) with suboptimal identity elements

132 LysRS (S207D) that lacked the capability to aminoacylate tRNA(Lys3) localized to the nucleus, rescue

133 istidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS) but does not aminoacylate tRNA.

134 ext of the kinetic proofreading mechanism of aminoacylated tRNA (aa-tRNA) selection.

135 denosine towards a beta-strand, such that an aminoacylated tRNA at this position would be sterically

136 loped that directly measures the fraction of aminoacylated tRNA by following amino acid attachment to

137 e or puromycin, which inhibit utilization of aminoacylated tRNA in cells; and 3) in cells having a te

138 In the other conformation, presumptive aminoacylated tRNA is bound only by the anticodon, the a

139 cating that much of the binding affinity for aminoacylated tRNA is derived from interaction with the

140 In addition to raising aminoacylated tRNA levels, the absence of editing lowere

141 etic information in living cells, where they aminoacylated tRNA molecules with their cognate amino ac

142 cid starvation is sensed by depletion of the aminoacylated tRNA pools, and this results in accumulati

143 the repair of the genome, while ARSs provide aminoacylated tRNA precursors for protein synthesis.

144 unless its sequence and amino acid-specific aminoacylated tRNA substrates already existed.

145 An aminoacylated tRNA was synthesized which was complementa

146 a strong (70-75%) reduction in the level of aminoacylated tRNA(Leu(UUR)) and a decrease in mitochond

147 To determine if the decreased fraction of aminoacylated tRNA(Leu(UUR)) in A3243G mutant cells was

148 lso results in a decrease in the fraction of aminoacylated tRNA(Leu(UUR)).

149 diting-defective strain, increased levels of aminoacylated tRNA(Phe) led to continued synthesis of th

150 n the absence of editing, cellular levels of aminoacylated tRNA(Phe) were elevated during amino acid

151 aternary complex consisting of Msn5, RanGTP, aminoacylated tRNA, and Tef1/2.

152 ongation factors 1A and 2 and A site-cognate aminoacylated tRNA.

153 contrast, previous work has shown that CysRS aminoacylates tRNA(Cys) core regions containing G15-G48

154 e prolyl-tRNA synthetase also recognizes and aminoacylates tRNA(Cys) with cysteine.

155 Like a canonical GluRS, GluRS1 aminoacylates tRNA(Glu1) and tRNA(Glu2).

156 luRS2), which specifically and more robustly aminoacylates tRNA(Glu1) instead of tRNA(Gln).

157 dyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS), the enzyme that aminoacylates tRNA(His).

158 sual tRNA substrate specificity, efficiently aminoacylating tRNA(His) regardless of the presence of G

159 in splicing group I introns, in addition to aminoacylating tRNA(Tyr).

160 ance of 30S shoulder rotation for productive aminoacylated-tRNA incorporation.

161 actor 1A (eEF1A; EF-Tu in bacteria) delivers aminoacylated-tRNA to the A-site of the ribosome, wherea

162 Alanyl-tRNA synthetase efficiently aminoacylates tRNAAla and an RNA minihelix that comprise

163 netic code are established in reactions that aminoacylate tRNAs with specific amino acids.

164 a 2.3- to 4.2-fold decrease in the level of aminoacylated tRNAs and a >2-fold decrease in growth rat

165 The resulting aminoacylated tRNAs are escorted to the ribosome where t

166 presence of the heterologous aaRSs, and the aminoacylated tRNAs function efficiently in suppression

167 intaining an available pool of the resulting aminoacylated tRNAs is essential for protein synthesis.

168 stalled ribosomes and discriminates against aminoacylated tRNAs is missing.

169 Likewise, aminoacylated tRNAs serve as amino acid donors for biosy

170 ational system depends on a steady supply of aminoacylated tRNAs to be delivered to translating ribos

171 ha [eEF1A]) aids the specificity of Msn5 for aminoacylated tRNAs to form a quaternary complex consist

172 (aaPGSs) are membrane proteins that utilize aminoacylated tRNAs to modify membrane lipids with amino

173 ion and dissociation rates of deacylated and aminoacylated tRNAs to the A-site and P-site of E. coli

174 thereby facilitating efficient re-export of aminoacylated tRNAs to the cytoplasm.

175 n will dictate the overall rate of supply of aminoacylated tRNAs to the ribosome and will have conseq

176 t example is mitochondrial EF-Tu, delivering aminoacylated tRNAs to the ribosome.

177 Current methods to quantify the fraction of aminoacylated tRNAs, also known as the tRNA charge, are

178 ng to dramatic reductions in the fraction of aminoacylated tRNAs, cessation of protein synthesis and

179 rentially assembles with RanGTP and spliced, aminoacylated tRNAs, documenting its role in tRNA nuclea

180 ained limited primarily to canonical RNA, 3'-aminoacylated tRNAs, nucleobase-modified RNAs, and 5'-ca

181 on of amino acids via synthetically prepared aminoacylated tRNAs.

182 ranslational resources, namely ribosomes and aminoacylated tRNAs.

183 eukaryotic elongation factors 1A and 2, and aminoacylated tRNAs.

184 ed by 70S ribosomes programmed with mRNA and aminoacylated tRNAs.

185 mechanisms have recently been described for aminoacylating tRNAs with asparagine, cysteine, glutamin

186 es perform a critical step in translation by aminoacylating tRNAs with their cognate amino acids.

187 icipate in protein translation by presenting aminoacylated-tRNAs to the ribosome.

188 ngle aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS), MST1, aminoacylates two isoacceptor tRNAs, tRNA1(Thr) and tRNA

189 evisiae, a single aaRS (MST1) recognizes and aminoacylates two natural tRNAs that contain anticodon l

190 al tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (mt-TyrRS), which aminoacylates tyrosine to mt-tRNA(Tyr).

191 n accumulation of ribosomes stalled with non-aminoacylated (uncharged) tRNA in the ribosomal A site.

192 nce the majority of 5'-immature tRNAs can be aminoacylated unless their 5'-extensions >=8 nt.

193 This produces a tRNA fragment that cannot be aminoacylated until its 3'CCA end is restored.

194 herichia coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) aminoacylates up to six different class II tRNA(leu) mol

195 The cys-tRNA(cys) that was synthesized and aminoacylated using this method was functional in in vit

196 he)UUA) that did not have the capacity to be aminoacylated was transported to the cytoplasm and did c

197 ld-type and mutant human initiator tRNAs are aminoacylated well in vivo.

198 f a variety of tRNA transcripts which can be aminoacylated well.

199 e various constructs that were significantly aminoacylated were also tested for amino acid editing by

200 This tRNA was also aminoacylated when expressed in mammalian cells and comp

201 show only small changes in their ability to aminoacylate wild-type cognate tRNA on the one hand and

202 r (CUA) initiator suppressor tRNA chemically aminoacylated with a fluorophore-amino acid conjugate wh

203 open the possibility of using the supF tRNA aminoacylated with an amino acid analogue as a general a

204 not the holo-PKS module was then selectively aminoacylated with cysteine by the adenylation domain em

205 minoacylated with L-amino acids than for RNA aminoacylated with D-amino acids.

206 g the activity in initiation of mutant tRNAs aminoacylated with glutamine and valine.

207 The mutant tRNAs used are aminoacylated with glutamine, methionine, and valine.

208 steps limiting the activity of mutant tRNAs aminoacylated with isoleucine and phenylalanine.

209 tic systems, however, a yeast initiator tRNA aminoacylated with isoleucine was found to be inactive i

210 rate of this reaction is much higher for RNA aminoacylated with L-amino acids than for RNA aminoacyla

211 e find that holo-CepA1-575 can be covalently aminoacylated with l-leucine on the peptidyl carrier pro

212 pts to construct a minihelix RNA that can be aminoacylated with leucine have been unsuccessful.

213 The minimal RNA that was efficiently aminoacylated with LeuRS was one in which the anticodon

214 ylated in vivo with lysine and that the tRNA aminoacylated with lysine is a very poor substrate for f

215 We showed previously that a mutant tRNA aminoacylated with lysine was an extremely poor substrat

216 or the formylation defect of the mutant tRNA aminoacylated with lysine.

217 s active in initiation in vivo but only when aminoacylated with methionine by overproduction of methi

218 In contrast, the same tRNA, when aminoacylated with methionine, was a good substrate for

219 for formylation compared with the same tRNA aminoacylated with methionine.

220 two-step pathway in which tRNA(Cys) is first aminoacylated with phosphoserine by phosphoseryl-tRNA sy

221 product, an amber-decoding tRNA(Pyl) that is aminoacylated with pyrrolysine by the pyrrolysyl-tRNA sy

222 tRNA(Sec) is initially aminoacylated with serine by seryl-tRNA synthetase and t

223 RNA population in Drosophila melanogaster is aminoacylated with serine, forms selenocysteyl-tRNA, and

224 s that have complementary UCA anticodons are aminoacylated with serine, the seryl-tRNA is converted t

225 e the import into cells of a suppressor tRNA aminoacylated with the analogue of choice.

226 ability of 24 mutant tRNA(Pyl) species to be aminoacylated with the pyrrolysine analog N-epsilon-cycl

227 he CAU-->GAC anticodon mutant is most likely aminoacylated with valine in vivo.

228 ide synthesis, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) must be aminoacylated, with activated amino acids, at their 2',3

229 .Bacterial glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase poorly aminoacylates yeast tRNA and, as a consequence, cannot r