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1 ted their induction from primitive ectoderm (animal cap).
2 response to retinoic acid in naive ectoderm (animal caps).
3  neural tissue in Xenopus ectoderm explants (animal caps).
4 genes in noggin-treated ectodermal explants (animal caps).
5 and is expressed as a monomer in the axolotl animal cap.
6 m induction by BMP homo- and heterodimers in animal caps.
7 f BMPs 2 and 4, inhibited BMP-11 activity on animal caps.
8 erved in isolated ventral marginal zones and animal caps.
9 s, and partially blocks activin signaling in animal caps.
10 ly been reported to induce neural tissues in animal caps.
11 activin and bFGF activate tbx6 expression in animal caps.
12 ic acid and bFGF, induce Pax-3 in neuralized animal caps.
13 LiCl, activate Siamois expression in Xenopus animal caps.
14 ut is unable to induce cement gland in naive animal caps.
15 augments growth factor-mediated induction in animal caps.
16 arkers in the neural plate and in neuralised animal caps.
17 ker Pax8 when recombined with blastula stage animal caps.
18 rate to activate Pax8 expression in isolated animal caps.
19 und to promote differentiation in neuralized animal caps.
20 etic elongation and mesendoderm formation in animal caps.
21 fferentiation in cell culture and in Xenopus animal caps.
22 nd muscle differentiation in Activin-treated animal caps.
23 eroposterior character of neuralised Xenopus animal caps.
24 n of globin in ventral marginal zones and in animal caps.
25  directly induce the expression of XBrn3d in animal caps.
26 pression of neural cell adhesion molecule in animal caps.
27  inhibition of siamois induction by Xwnt8 in animal caps, (2) rescue of embryos ventralized by Xwnt8
28 n shown to induce neural fate in dissociated animal cap (AC) cells or in AC explants cultured in low
29 4, GATA-1b inhibits neuralization of Xenopus animal cap (AC) cells.
30  We show that in axolotl primitive ectoderm (animal caps; ACs) NANOG and NODAL activity, as well as t
31 pecific genes were not expressed in cultured animal caps, although low levels of the dorsoanterior ma
32      Maternal Axdazl RNA is inherited in the animal cap and equatorial region of early embryos.
33 ike structures are entirely derived from the animal cap and express several pan-otic markers.
34  We characterized Kif2a depletion in Xenopus animal caps and embryos.
35  from embryonic epiblast behave like Xenopus animal caps and express border markers.
36  or protein will do so, both for FGF-treated animal caps and for paraxial neurula explants.
37 ignals induces ectopic neural tissue both in animal caps and in vivo, in intact embryos, it can only
38 tral mesoderm when overexpressed in isolated animal caps and it ventralizes embryos.
39     BMP4 can activate FoxF1 transcription in animal caps and overexpression of FoxF1 can rescue twinn
40 e BMP inhibitory function of chordin in both animal caps and the ventral marginal zone, a result that
41 crest and dorsal neural tube markers both in animal caps and whole embryos.
42 confined to the inner layers of cells in the animal cap, and is expressed in a mosaic fashion through
43 es maintenance of early roof thinning in the animal cap, and the second is required for the initiatio
44 ibit eFGF-induced Erk1 activation in Xenopus animal caps, and that targeting the first two SH3 domain
45 ulation, grafting, and in vitro culturing of animal caps are discussed as tools in the analysis of ki
46 soderm also induces Pax-3, provided that the animal caps are neuralized by treatment with noggin.
47 e animal cap, suggesting that Kif2a-depleted animal caps are not compliant enough to allow gastrulati
48  neural induction and the appropriateness of animal caps as an assay system.
49                       In Xenopus embryos and animal caps as well as DLD-1 cells, we show that Tgfbi i
50 inhibits Wnt induced Xslug expression in the animal cap assay and in the whole embryo leading to a lo
51                          We propose that the animal cap assay in Xenopus and explant assays in the ch
52                         Furthermore, Xenopus animal cap assay revealed that MIXL could induce express
53 rmone inducible fusion proteins in a Xenopus animal cap assay, and DNA microarray to identify downstr
54 and induce both endoderm and mesoderm in the animal cap assay, and hence are good candidates both for
55 s in a dose-dependent fashion in the Xenopus animal cap assay.
56 ression of Xenopus nodal related 1 (xnr1) in animal cap assay.
57 ulation of Fmr1 expression using the Xenopus animal cap assay.
58 kers FoxD3, Sox9 and Zic5 transiently in the animal cap assay.
59 e protein in the Xenopus ectodermal explant (animal cap) assay.
60  activin in the presence of cycloheximide in animal cap assays and also respond to the embryonic indu
61 ell membrane was inhibited by Gsc in Xenopus animal cap assays and key Wnt/PCP factors (RhoA, Vangl2,
62                This apparent paradox between animal cap assays and whole embryo phenotype has led to
63                                           In animal cap assays, GATA5 is induced by concentrations of
64                                           In animal cap assays, posterior neural markers can be induc
65                                           In animal cap assays, VegT is capable of converting prospec
66                                        Using animal cap assays, we show that X-Su(H) induces ESR-1 ex
67 otent inducers of endodermal marker genes in animal cap assays, while other GATA factors induce these
68                                           In animal cap assays, xGCNF synergizes with ectopic chordin
69  suppress expression of epidermal keratin in animal cap assays.
70 nd it induced mesodermal tissue formation in animal cap assays.
71  LMO-2 can specify hematopoietic mesoderm in animal cap assays.
72               Our previous experiments using animal-cap blastomeres indicate that the checkpoint is r
73                                              Animal-cap blastomeres treated with aphidicolin from the
74 e spindle-assembly checkpoint is examined in animal-cap blastomeres whose N/C ratio is reduced by tre
75 nitial activation of goosecoid by activin in animal caps, but expression then declines precipitously.
76 sodermal genes were also seldom activated in animal caps by the shield, demonstrating that neural ind
77                                       If the animal caps carried morpholinos to either hox11/13b or f
78 the skeletogenic cells to reprogram, but the animal cap cells gained the ability to reprogram early i
79 ctopic expression of integrin alpha4beta1 in animal cap cells results in attachment to the non RGD-co
80 in adhesive behavior is mimicked by treating animal cap cells with activin-A.
81 xpression is strongly induced in ectodermal (animal cap) cells in response to overexpression of a dor
82  by showing that beta-catenin overexpressing animal caps did not cause wild-type caps to form mesoder
83       Lrig3 could attenuate Fgf signaling in animal caps, did interact with Fgf receptor 1 in culture
84 ical experiment and found that when cultured animal cap ectoderm attaches to a glass substratum, it c
85                                     However, animal cap ectoderm cells acquire the ability to spread
86 ession was examined in isolates of uninduced animal cap ectoderm cultured in the presence of either m
87 lfate proteoglycans expressed on the Xenopus animal cap ectoderm have been implicated in transmitting
88                          opl both sensitizes animal cap ectoderm to the neural inducer noggin and alt
89 oluting mesoderm, vegetal pole endoderm, and animal cap ectoderm will not.
90 as and XFD, when expressed in Xenopus laevis animal cap ectoderm, inhibit the ability of FGF to gener
91                              When wrapped in animal cap ectoderm, the anterior half induces only ante
92 trations of RA can induce glomus tissue from animal cap ectoderm.
93 rkers, such as cerberus, Xhex-1 and Frzb, in animal cap ectoderm.
94 ecies explant recombinant assay with Xenopus animal caps (ectoderm) as a responding tissue, late, but
95 othesis comes from experiments in explanted "animal cap" ectoderm and in intact embryos using BMP ant
96 domain of syndecan-2 in right, but not left, animal cap ectodermal cells.
97 adhesive activity appears to be required for animal cap elongation.
98 Through a differentiation assay with Xenopus animal cap embryonic stem cells, we confirmed that XH2AX
99 n of medium containing activin and LTBP-1 to animal caps enhanced the activin effect.
100                                              Animal cap experiments confirm that co-injection of lmx1
101                                           In animal cap experiments, it both activates transcription
102                                           In animal cap experiments, LTBP-1 potentiates the activity
103                                           In animal cap experiments, Pax-6 induced expression of the
104 n, actively inhibits cell migration, both in animal cap explant assays and in the endogenous dorsal m
105 ently induces a distinct set of Wnt genes in animal cap explants and in skin tumors suggests that Wnt
106  the activities of Id2, Id3, and Id4, we use animal cap explants and in vivo overexpression to show t
107 rect as conditional expression of eIF4AII in animal cap explants at the equivalent of stage 11.5 indu
108                                      Xenopus animal cap explants contain cells fated to contribute to
109 mesoderm induction was markedly inhibited in animal cap explants from the embryos injected with TAM67
110 vin, is able to induce mesodermal tissues in animal cap explants from Xenopus laevis blastula stage e
111 this model, we use an assay based on Xenopus animal cap explants in which Spi activation of DER is Rh
112 ctopic lenses in whole embryos as well as in animal cap explants indicating that in vertebrates, as w
113                      Expression of foxD5a in animal cap explants induces elongation and expression of
114 lecular level, knockdown of PQBP1 in Xenopus animal cap explants inhibits target gene induction by FG
115 ell as that of noggin, to induce endoderm in animal cap explants is repressed by the ventralizing fac
116 ned expression of Xwnt3a and active Notch in animal cap explants is sufficient to induce Xhox3, provo
117 e translation initiation factor, eIF4AII, in animal cap explants of Xenopus specifically upregulates
118 nts giving rise to anterior neural tissue in animal cap explants resulted in the expression of both b
119 n activity was increased by the treatment of animal cap explants with FGF.
120 s4 induces molecular markers for mesoderm in animal cap explants, although expression of gastrula-sta
121 ed embryos and induced mesoderm formation in animal cap explants, indicating that both AP-1 heterodim
122 did not inhibit BMP signaling in dissociated animal cap explants, indicating that XOs4 does not inhib
123                                           In animal cap explants, overexpression of Xmeis1b, an alter
124                When overexpressed in Xenopus animal cap explants, SCL and GATA-1 are each capable of
125 constructs induce ectopic Wnt8 expression in animal cap explants, whereas repressor forms inhibit its
126 nd differentiated gut epithelium in isolated animal cap explants.
127 m-specific gene induction by eFGF in Xenopus animal cap explants.
128 ra and the dorsoanterior marker goosecoid in animal cap explants.
129 ity of the Wnt pathway to induce mesoderm in animal cap explants.
130 s of the BMP-4 signaling pathway in injected animal cap explants.
131 ly by Wnt8 and noggin, and not by chordin in animal cap explants.
132 actor XGATA-1 to enhance globin induction in animal cap explants.
133 omesoderm specification genes), the isolated animal caps failed to reprogram.
134                                   A piece of animal cap filled with the test mRNAs is grafted into th
135 ted form of Notch, Notch ICD, by means of an animal cap graft into the posterior neural plate, result
136                               Kif2a-depleted animal caps have anaphase lagging chromosomes in stage 9
137 te gastrula stages, even though by this time animal caps have lost the ability to respond to mesoderm
138 genes and localize to cell nuclei in Xenopus animal caps, highlighting its role in regulating BMP sig
139 antibody strongly inhibits the elongation of animal caps in response to activin without affecting mes
140 ducer of organized axial tissue in blastular animal caps in vitro and when locally produced in vivo a
141 lls was identical to that observed in intact animal caps, indicating that alkalinization-mediated cha
142 xplants suppressed the low levels of otx2 in animal caps, indicating that ventral tissues may play an
143                                           In animal caps induced with activin, simultaneous activatio
144                       Noelin-1 expression in animal caps induces expression of neural markers XBrn-3d
145 ressor of Xnr5 in both the intact embryo and animal caps injected with VegT RNA.
146                              In Xenopus, the animal cap is very sensitive to BMP antagonists, which r
147        SOX7's induction of Xnr expression in animal caps is independent of Mixer and Nodal signaling.
148  assay involving Chordin plus Wnt3a-injected animal caps, Lrig3 morpholino inhibited expression of Sl
149 n of Smad1 messenger RNA into Xenopus embryo animal caps mimics the mesoderm-ventralizing effects of
150                                       During animal cap mitoses, Kif2a localizes to the spindle poles
151   In its absence, they lose contact with the animal cap, mix with cells of other germ layers and diff
152         Beginning at stage 9, epiboly of the animal cap moves tissue into the dorsal but not into the
153 minant-negative FGF receptor in chd-injected animal caps, neural induction is inhibited and most of t
154                              Furthermore, in animal caps neuralized by expression of noggin, co-expre
155 a well characterised model system, involving animal caps of Xenopus blastulae treated with activin or
156                           Dril1 depletion in animal caps prevents both the smad2-mediated induction o
157 er, N-tubulin, with a similar time course in animal cap progenitor populations.
158                                           In animal caps, PV.1 ventralizes induction by activin and i
159 etal half was removed at early gastrula, the animal caps reprogrammed and replaced the vegetal half e
160 lace missing skeletogenic mesoderm cells and animal caps reprogrammed to replace all endomesoderm.
161 ases, and overexpression of Gtpbp2 enhances, animal cap responses to BMP4.
162 hat inhibition of MAPK activation in Xenopus animal caps results in the conversion of Xnr2 from a dor
163 ing Xenopus animal pole ectodermal explants (animal caps) revealed that this conserved 21 bp BRE is b
164                  RNA injections into Xenopus animal caps showed that Ndr1 acts as a mesoderm inducer,
165                                 Furthermore, animal caps stimulated with bFGF form angioblasts in the
166    These defects are rescued by removing the animal cap, suggesting that Kif2a-depleted animal caps a
167 enhanced induction of Fgf3, Fgf4 and Fgf8 in animal caps, suggesting a positive role for Lrig3 in Wnt
168 inhibited Erk1 activation by eFGF in Xenopus animal caps, suggesting that the dominant-negative Nck a
169 the animal pole region of blastula embryos ('animal caps') survived for at least two days and increas
170                           We used an axolotl animal cap system to demonstrate that signalling through
171                  Overexpression of Smad4 in 'animal caps' taken from Xenopus embryos induced both ven
172                           When conjugated to animal caps, the shield frequently induced expression of
173 maging of labeled blastomeres shows that the animal cap tissue moves into the superficial DMZ overlyi
174 sess this, we performed a screen in ectoderm animal cap tissue to identify direct transcriptional tar
175 these growth factors induce glomus tissue in animal cap tissue.
176 able to induce mesoderm formation in Xenopus animal-cap tissue and to demonstrate that membrane local
177       Loss of dril1 inhibits the response of animal caps to activin and secondary axis induction by s
178 ficance of these observations we employed an animal cap transplantation system and demonstrated that
179 enes will induce satellite cell formation in animal caps treated with FGF.
180 ctivated by Notch and X-Su(H), is induced in animal caps treated with TSA, an inhibitor of HDAC-1.
181                                           In animal caps, VegT's ability to induce Mixer and Edd appe
182 ity purification from kidney-induced Xenopus animal caps, we identified single-stranded DNA binding p
183 in- and BMP-mediated mesodermal induction in animal caps, whereas Smad4alpha affected only the BMP si
184 nts assayed the action of BMP antagonists on animal caps, which are relatively naive explants of pros
185                                 Injection of animal caps with either Xnr3 RNA or plasmids induces the
186  XPIASy by morpholinos induces elongation of animal caps with induction of mesoderm genes even in the
187 interphase caused by treating blastula stage animals caps with aphidicolin can be reversed by treatme
188    Treatment of animal pole tissue explants (animal caps) with the mesoderm-inducing factor activin i
189 l marginal zone explants and activin-treated animal caps without removing mesodermal gene expression.
190  Xath5 fusion protein, we have shown that in animal caps Xath5 can directly regulate the expression o
191                                           In animal caps Xlim-1/3m initiates expression of a neuraliz

 
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