ライフサイエンスコーパス: antiporter

1 11, a key component of the cystine/glutamate antiporter.

2 ticulum (ER) membrane and acts as an ATP/ADP antiporter.

3 encodes a putative mitochondrial Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporter.

4 luded by lack of substrates, is a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter.

5 ys an important role in pH regulation of the antiporter.

6 ct, suggesting no role for a nitrate/nitrite antiporter.

7 mechanism of action and pH regulation of an antiporter.

8 toichiometry of this well-studied Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter.

9 anscription of the functional subunit of the antiporter.

10 strate that Letm1 is a mitochondrial Ca2+/H+ antiporter.

11 11, a key component of the cystine-glutamate antiporter.

12 xCT, the gene encoding the cystine/glutamate antiporter.

13 contact site (MCS) tether as well as a lipid antiporter.

14 lains previously controversial data for this antiporter.

15 ) gradient, thus functioning as an SHH/Na(+) antiporter.

16 n symporter while NarK2 is a nitrate/nitrite antiporter.

17 nto the transport mechanism of sodium/proton antiporters.

18 activity of endosomal sodium/proton NHX-type antiporters.

19 Cl(-) ion channels and others are Cl(-)/H(+) antiporters.

20 homeostasis in all cells requires Na(+)/H(+) antiporters.

21 o subunits from the Mrp family of Na(+)/H(+) antiporters.

22 porter-like glutamate, and yet are F(-)/H(+) antiporters.

23 rs: H(+)-gated Cl(-) channels and Cl(-)/H(+) antiporters.

24 uence similarity to multi-subunit Na(+)/H(+) antiporters.

25 side the cell, i.e. monovalent cation/proton antiporters.

26 ial for electrogenic transport in Na(+)/H(+) antiporters.

27 is shared by Cl(-) channels and 2Cl(-):1H(+) antiporters.

28 tion mutants in members of the cation/proton antiporters-2 antiporter superfamily KEA1, KEA2, and KEA

29 SLC9A3 encodes Na(+)/H(+) antiporter 3 (NHE3), which is the major intestinal brush

30 rs and their homologues in the cation/proton antiporter 3 family of the Membrane Transporter Database

31 ial sodium channel and NHE3 (sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3).

32 w, higher abundance of renal sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3, and lower lithium clearance than WT mice.

33 ter families, the NhaC and the cation/proton antiporter-3 antiporter families.

34 genes activated by AphB encode a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, a carbonic anhydrase, a member of the ClC fa

35 comprised of a central RND proton-substrate antiporter, a membrane fusion protein, and an outer memb

36 ism of the homotrimeric RND-type proton/drug antiporter AcrB, the active component of the major efflu

37 tudy demonstrates that one of the Na(+)/H(+) antiporters acting at the tonoplast of E. californica ce

38 glutamate released by the cystine/glutamate antiporter activated extrasynaptic, but not synaptic, NM

39 tential, Ca(2+) spikes and waves, Na(+)/H(+) antiporter activation, and regulation of growth.

40 We further demonstrate that blocking antiporter activity interferes with DC differentiation f

41 The antiporter activity is abolished upon reactivation by th

42 Asc-1 antiporter activity is enhanced by D-isoleucine (D-Ile),

43 ifferentiation from monocyte precursors, but antiporter activity is not required for LPS-induced phen

44 tive force across the membranes that powered antiporter activity upon subsequent addition of Na(+).

45 Antiporter activity was 5-fold greater in acetate-grown

46 Na(+)/H(+) antiporter activity was demonstrated by a fluorescence-b

47 In Escherichia coli, the l-arginine/agmatine antiporter AdiC facilitates the export of agmatine in ex

48 The antiporter AdiC is the master orchestrator of the argini

49 ificity of the wild-type l-arginine/agmatine antiporter AdiC.

50 a membrane, orthologs of the Cl(-)/HCO(-)(3) antiporters ae1 and pendrin, and two isoforms of carboni

51 ted back to the mitochondrial matrix via the antiporter, again through an electrophoretic process wit

52 TGD1, -2, or -3 included a potassium efflux antiporter and a TIM17/22/23 family protein, but these w

53 vage generated a hyperfunctional form of the antiporter and increased NCX currents (I(NCX)) in the re

54 at prestin can act as a weak Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) antiporter and it is proposed that, in addition to parti

55 s expression system, it acts as a nucleotide antiporter and prefers various (deoxy-) purine nucleotid

56 channel' family consists of both Cl(-)/H(+) antiporters and Cl(-) channels.

57 t implications for the biology of Cl(-)/H(+) antiporters and perhaps for pH regulation in highly acid

58 channel proteins, as well as sodium/hydrogen antiporters and sodium/calcium exchangers.

59 unique family of Golgi-localized Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporters and that modification of the Golgi Ca(2+) an

60 Mrp antiporters and their homologues in the cation/proton an

61 r mechanistic understanding of these unusual antiporters and to rigorously demonstrate that they func

62 ational dynamics of a mammalian H(+)-coupled antiporter, and also identify key aspects of the mode of

63 ne ClbM is characterized as a cation-coupled antiporter, and residues important to the cation-binding

64 the Na(+)/Ca(2+) (NCX) and Ca(2+)/H(+) (CAX) antiporters, and in mammals the NCX and related proteins

65 more than half of the ClC family members are antiporters, and not channels, as was previously thought

66 like in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Na(+)/H(+) antiporter appeared to have an important role in this pr

67 imental data on the kinetics of Na(+)-Ca(2+) antiporter are available, the structure and composition

68 els Aqy1 and hAQP1, and the CLC-ec1 chloride antiporter are presented in which the active site geomet

69 Sodium/proton antiporters are essential for sodium and pH homeostasis

70 Na(+)/H(+) antiporters are found in all kingdoms of life and exhibi

71 Na(+)/H(+) antiporters are located in the cytoplasmic and intracell

72 Multiple resistance and pH adaptation (Mrp) antiporters are multi-subunit Na(+) (or K(+))/H(+) excha

73 ty, but we lack explanations for why so many antiporters are needed and for the value added by specif

74 Na(+)/H(+) antiporters are ubiquitous membrane proteins that play a

75 carrier SLC19A1, a folate-organic phosphate antiporter, as the major transporter of CDNs.

76 ss of function of the two envelope K(+)/H(+) antiporters AtKEA1 and AtKEA2 was shown previously to ha

77 independent, l-carnitine/gamma-butyrobetaine antiporter belonging to the betaine/carnitine/choline tr

78 e transporter, typically an ATPase or proton antiporter, binds and translocates export or efflux subs

79 Ca(2+) efflux by Ca(2+) cation antiporter (CaCA) proteins is important for maintenance

80 state of the L-carnitine/gamma-butyrobetaine antiporter CaiT of Escherichia coli was investigated.

81 g, a gene encoding a calcium(2+)/hydrogen(+) antiporter, cation/hydrogen(+) exchanger1 (CAX1), was id

82 (EIPA), a specific inhibitor for Na(+)/H(+) antiporters, caused a 38 +/- 5% decrease in the initial

83 The H(+)/Ca(2+) (calcium ion) antiporter (CAX) plays an important role in maintaining

84 because of mutations of the chloride/proton antiporter, chloride channel-5 (CLC-5), resulting in low

85 t the intracellular surface of the bacterial antiporter CLC-ec1 are examined here as possible pathway

86 he crystal structure of the Escherichia coli antiporter ClC-ec1 provides an invaluable molecular fram

87 the dimer interface of a bacterial F(-)/H(+) antiporter, ClC(F)-eca.

88 ther candidate I(-) conduits: the Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter, CLC-5, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane con

89 Na(+)/H(+) antiporters comprise a family of membrane proteins evolu

90 The Escherichia coli NhaA antiporter couples the transport of H(+) and Na(+) (or L

91 ClC-ec1 from Escherichia coli is an antiporter, coupling the transport of Cl(-) and H(+) ion

92 S. aureus protein, a predicted cation/proton antiporter, CpaA, which as we show here also directly bi

93 ng the mechanism through which cation/proton antiporters (CPAs), like Thermus thermophilus NapA (TtNa

94 between CpeA and the predicted cation/proton antiporter, CpeB, linking c-di-AMP signaling to ion home

95 Typhimurium implicates the C4-dicarboxylate antiporter DcuABC in early murine gut colonization.

96 Characterization of these antiporters in antiporter-deficient Escherichia coli KNabc showed overl

97 Blocking antiporter-dependent cystine transport decreases intrace

98 ological inhibition of the cystine/glutamate antiporter dramatically attenuated ischemia-gated curren

99 The Escherichia coli Na(+)/H(+) antiporter (Ec-NhaA) is the best-characterized of all pH

100 d into a divalent cationic drug/>/= 2 proton-antiporter, either by random mutagenesis or by rational

101 The monovalent cation/proton antiporters encoded by these diverse genes fall into at

102 Four antiporter-encoding genes were isolated and cloned from

103 se, glutathione synthetase, catalase, Na+/H+ antiporter, etc) not found in Dg1.

104 n more surprisingly, CLC-ck2 is a Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter, even though it contains an isoleucine at the

105 This suggests that the activation of these antiporters exerts a neuroprotective action against stro

106 mice lacking a functional cystine/glutamate antiporter exhibited reduced anoxic depolarization and n

107 In some breast cancer cells, xCT antiporter expression is upregulated through the antioxi

108 ctives on two large monovalent cation/proton antiporter families, the NhaC and the cation/proton anti

109 the NhaC and the cation/proton antiporter-3 antiporter families.

110 ters in the CPA1 branch of the cation proton antiporter family drive the electroneutral exchange of H

111 at least eight electrogenic Na(+)(K(+))/H(+) antiporters for cytoplasm acidification.

112 e transport of these substances in the Xc(-) antiporter, for which [(18)F]FSPG is also a substrate.

113 onal reconstitution of the seven-subunit Mrp antiporter from alkaliphilic Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4.

114 YiiP is a dimeric Zn(2+)/H(+) antiporter from Escherichia coli belonging to the cation

115 Crystal structures of the arginine/agmatine antiporter from Escherichia coli, AdiC, have been recent

116 EmrE, a multidrug antiporter from Escherichia coli, has presented biochemi

117 physiological study of the PaNhaP Na(+)/H(+) antiporter from Pyrococcus abyssi reconstituted into lip

118 We propose that these movements convert the antiporter from the proton-bound, outward-open state to

119 in proteinaceous channels, transporters, and antiporters from all kingdoms of life, these findings ha

120 We conclude that aberrant antiporter function disrupts glutathione homeostasis in

121 tivating effect of membrane potential on the antiporter function for a 3Na(+):1Ca(2+) electrogenic ex

122 n this paper, we present a detailed study of antiporter function in DCs and demonstrate a role for th

123 T imaging showed increased cystine/glutamate antiporter function in ischemic rats.

124 r, these data suggest that cystine/glutamate antiporter function is increased in ischemia, contributi

125 sms of interactions that enable the specific antiporter functionality of AdiC.

126 We conclude that the EcNHX1 antiporter functions in the elicitor-initiated expressio

127 The bacterial antiporter GadC plays a central role in the glutamate (G

128 d the gene for glutamate-gamma-aminobutyrate antiporter (gadC) induced by the polyamine addition, but

129 te that over-expression of the sodium-proton antiporter gene nhaA confers the elevated AcR sodium ace

130 that Saccharomyces cerevisiae sodium-proton antiporter genes also contribute to sodium acetate, pota

131 cycle for the glycerol-3-phosphate:phosphate antiporter GlpT by using a novel approach in reconstruct

132 and identified the Glc-6-phosphate/phosphate antiporter GPT1 as the putative translocator of Glc-6-ph

133 The glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate antiporter GPT1 is a major route of entry of carbon into

134 Disruption of the xCT antiporter greatly improves cell viability after glucose

135 cherichia coli EmrE, a homodimeric multidrug antiporter, has been suggested to offer a convenient par

136 Intracellular Na(+)/H(+) (NHX) antiporters have important roles in cellular pH and Na(+

137 a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic sodium/proton antiporter homologue.

138 wing: (i) all variants act as UDP-GlcNAc/UMP antiporters; (ii) conservative substitutions (E47D, E47Q

139 deletion of uhpT encoding hexose-6-phosphate antiporter in 4 of the E. coli inner colony mutants, whi

140 s enabled characterization of the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter in an asymmetric lipid environment.

141 nction in DCs and demonstrate a role for the antiporter in DC differentiation and cross-presentation.

142 nding proteins and upregulate the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter in order to remove Na(+).

143 In a gene encoding a DHA1 antiporter in Pezizomycotina, we find a variety of predi

144 Characterization of these antiporters in antiporter-deficient Escherichia coli KNa

145 dues between NuoL/ND5 and MrpA of Na(+)/H(+) antiporters in the chromosomal nuoL gene.

146 Na(+)/H(+) antiporters in the CPA1 branch of the cation proton anti

147 ies of 12 predicted monovalent cation/proton antiporters in the genome of this thermophilic haloalkal

148 e decarboxylase) and CadB (lysine/cadaverine antiporter) in a lysine-rich environment.

149 ne, an FDA-approved inhibitor of cystine xCT antiporter, in culture and xenograft assays.

150 pport the involvement of ClC-7, a Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter, in this process, although many open question

151 esidues Glu(203) and Glu(148) in the ClC-ec1 antiporter, including the Grotthuss mechanism of proton

152 al dysfunction, the potential utility of xCT antiporter inhibition should be further tested.

153 tracellular NHX proteins are Na(+),K(+)/H(+) antiporters involved in K(+) homeostasis, endosomal pH r

154 structural model for the NhaA sodium-proton antiporter is constructed to provide mechanistic insight

155 ostasis, a biophysical model of Na(+)-Ca(2+) antiporter is introduced that is thermodynamically balan

156 We show that the antiporter is the major mechanism for transport of cysti

157 Sodium-calcium antiporter is the primary efflux pathway for Ca(2+) in r

158 derived mitochondrial DNA mutations, the xCT antiporter is upregulated and its inhibition improves mi

159 sults show that conformational change in CLC antiporters is not restricted to the Cl(-) permeation pa

160 ndamental question concerning the ClC Cl-/H+ antiporters is the nature of their proton transport (PT)

161 folates, and RFC, a folate/organic phosphate antiporter, is consistent with a classic exchange reacti

162 Human NHA2, a newly discovered cation proton antiporter, is implicated in essential hypertension by g

163 Ptch, a proton driven antiporter, is required for Smo inhibition via an unknow

164 y crystal structures of bacterial Cl(-)/H(+) antiporters, is apparently universal.

165 In electrogenic Na(+)/H(+) antiporters, it has been assumed that two ion-binding as

166 ouble mutations in the plastid K(+) exchange antiporter (KEA) transporters kea1kea2 and a single muta

167 n transport proteins potassium cation efflux antiporter KEA3 and voltage-dependent chloride channel V

168 e show that Arabidopsis thaliana K(+) efflux antiporter (KEA3) is critical for high photosynthetic ef

169 ay identified KimA, as well as the K(+)/H(+) antiporter KhtT, the potassium exporter CpaA (YjbQ), the

170 Glutamate inhibits the xCT glutamate-cystine antiporter, leading to intracellular cysteine depletion.

171 The membrane arm contains four antiporter-like domains, energetically coupled to the qu

172 The membrane arm contains four antiporter-like domains, probably energetically coupled

173 ong-range conformational changes in the four antiporter-like domains, resulting in translocation of f

174 The membrane domain contains three antiporter-like subunits (NuoL, NuoM, and NuoN, Escheric

175 predict extensive hydration dynamics of the antiporter-like subunits in complex I that enable latera

176 Three antiporter-like subunits in the membrane domain, NuoL, N

177 transmembrane helices, mostly contributed by antiporter-like subunits involved in proton translocatio

178 The fold of the homologous antiporter-like subunits L, M and N is novel, with two i

179 m in the three homologous and tightly packed antiporter-like subunits L, M, and N of the proton-trans

180 The antiporter-like subunits NuoL/M/N each contain 14 conser

181 osymmetric inverted-repeat structures of the antiporter-like subunits NuoL/M/N, we constructed a symm

182 present in addition to the channels in three antiporter-like subunits).

183 expectedly, similar to a half-channel of the antiporter-like subunits.

184 jor facilitator superfamily multidrug-proton antiporter LmrP in Lactococcus lactis and developed a no

185 OsNHX1 is the most abundant K(+)-Na(+)/H(+) antiporter localized in the tonoplast and its gene expre

186 Sodium/proton (Na(+)/H(+)) antiporters, located at the plasma membrane in every cel

187 Sodium/proton antiporters maintain intracellular pH and sodium levels.

188 othesized that conformational changes in the antiporters may be limited to small movements localized

189 The multidrug/proton antiporter MdfA from Escherichia coli exchanges monovale

190 the structures of the archaeal sodium/proton antiporter MjNhaP1 in two complementary states.

191 operon with both hydrogenase and Na(+)/H(+) antiporter modules.

192 In these cells, the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter monensin did not affect the membrane potentia

193 The sodium/proton antiporter, monensin, which potentiates Na(+) pump funct

194 The role of the multisubunit sodium/proton antiporter (Mrp) of Methanosarcina acetivorans was inves

195 Like other CLC antiporters, mutation of the external glutamate gate (Gl

196 In both CLC channels and antiporters, mutations of Ser(cen) alter the anion selec

197 ntiport activity of the bacterial Na(+)/H(+) antiporter NapA from being electrogenic to electroneutra

198 e the active-state structure of a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, NapA from Thermus thermophilus, at 3 A resol

199 nt residue, Lys-305, of a related Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, NapA from Thermus thermophilus, renders the

200 hange in levels of the mitochondrial calcium antiporter NCLX.

201 the prokaryotic Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) antiporter NCX_Mj protein from Methanococcus jannaschii

202 igin of the function of the bacterial Na+/H+ antiporter NhaA by evaluating the energetics of the Na+

203 ophilus and compare this to the prototypical antiporter NhaA from Escherichia coli and the human homo

204 etric proteoliposomes contain the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter NhaA from Salmonella Typhimurium.

205 as similar to that of the E. coli Na(+)/H(+) antiporter NhaA, and GerO, but not GerQ contained two ad

206 n is remarkably similar to the sodium/proton antiporter NhaA, despite having no detectable sequence h

207 pestis strains lacking the major Na(+)/H(+) antiporters, NhaA and NhaB, are completely attenuated in

208 l Na(+)/H(+)-antiporter resembling the human antiporter NHE1, by electron crystallography of 2D cryst

209 The small intestinal BB Na(+)/H(+) antiporter NHE3 accounts for the majority of intestinal

210 ndent inhibition of the isoform 3 Na(+)/H(+) antiporter (NHE3) to demonstrate a functional relevance

211 The NHX-type Na(+)/H(+) antiporters NHX5 and NHX6 localize to the Golgi, trans-G

212 Intracellular Na(+)/H(+) antiporters (NHXs) play important roles in cellular pH a

213 It functions as a Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter, not a Cl(-) channel; however, the molecular

214 several solute carriers, such as the ATP/ADP antiporter nucleotide transporter2 (NTT2; substantially

215 The cystine transporter (system xC(-)) is an antiporter of cystine and glutamate.

216 The NhaA antiporter of Escherichia coli is the best studied membe

217 NhaA, the main antiporter of Escherichia coli, has homologues in all bi

218 e very similar to that of other channels and antiporters of the CLC protein family, and to rely on an

219 Anion channels and antiporters of the ClC superfamily have been found to be

220 s of up to 1,500 ions per second, Na(+)/H(+) antiporters operate by a two-domain rocking bundle model

221 in the dimeric, electroneutral sodium/proton antiporter PaNhaP from Pyrococcus abyssi at 3.2 A, and h

222 data supports the hypothesis that the ClC-7 antiporter plays a critical role in maintaining lysosoma

223 demonstrate that they function as secondary antiporters, powered by an imposed proton motive force,

224 Therefore, although upregulation of the xCT antiporter promotes antioxidant defence, it antagonizes

225 ent the crystal structure of the Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporter protein YfkE from Bacillus subtilis at 3.1-A

226 The antiporters pump three charges per cycle across the memb

227 that couples H(+) and Cl(-) transport in the antiporters remains unknown.

228 , electroneutral and electrogenic Na(+)/H(+) antiporters, represent a carefully tuned self-regulatory

229 ic complexes, while most other cation/proton antiporters require only one membrane protein for their

230 These antiporters require six or seven hydrophobic proteins th

231 ClC-3 is a Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter required for cytokine-induced intraendosomal

232 NhaP1, an archaeal electroneutral Na(+)/H(+)-antiporter resembling the human antiporter NHE1, by elec

233 ng cassette (ABC) transporter(s) and an H(+)-antiporter(s) are involved in the uptake of cyanidin 3-O

234 d expression of an Arabidopsis H(+)/Ca(2)(+) antiporter (sCAX1) in agricultural crops increases total

235 Na(+)/H(+) antiporters show a marked pH dependence, which is import

236 X-ray crystal structures of CLC antiporters show the Cl(-) ion pathway through these pro

237 fer from CusF directly to a site in the CusA antiporter, showing for the first time (to our knowledge

238 CLC exchangers, unlike canonical 'ping-pong' antiporters, simultaneously bind and translocate substra

239 that TsFpn is an electroneutral H(+)/Fe(2+) antiporter so that transport of each Fe(2+) is coupled t

240 The glutamate/cystine antiporter solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11, a

241 We hypothesize that a sodium-proton antiporter (SPAP) provided the first step towards modern

242 In NhaA, the Escherichia coli Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, specific single site mutations modulating th

243 We speculate that elevator-type antiporters such as NapA, and likely NHA2, use a subset

244 t chain of system xc-, the cystine/glutamate antiporter, suggests that PCP also regulates the activit

245 n members of the cation/proton antiporters-2 antiporter superfamily KEA1, KEA2, and KEA3.

246 Members of the calcium/cation antiporter superfamily, including the cardiac sodium/cal

247 The cystine/glutamate antiporter system x(c) (-) maintains the balance between

248 The astrocytic cystine/glutamate antiporter system x(c)(-) represents an important source

249 C7A11, two subunits of the glutamate-cystine antiporter system x(c)(-), impairs the uptake of cystine

250 d, xCT, a component of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system x(c)(-), was significantly upregulated

251 r cystine for intracellular glutamate by the antiporter system xc (-) is implicated in numerous patho

252 sporters (e.g., inhibition of the amino acid antiporter system xc(-) or activation of the iron transp

253 functional subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc(-), as a surface protein that is up

254 e synthesis and glutamate secretion by xc(-) antiporter system.

255 bits cystine uptake by the cystine/glutamate antiporter (system x(c)(-)), creating a void in the anti

256 on and recovered the two subunits of the xCT antiporter (system xc(-)), which plays an antioxidant ro

257 ZnT8 is a Zn(2+)/H(+) antiporter that belongs to SLC30 family and plays an ess

258 Therefore, we propose that CgAcr3-1 is an antiporter that catalyzes arsenite-proton exchange with

259 CLC-ck2 is the first known antiporter that contains a nonpolar residue at this posi

260 id to product and CO2, and an inner membrane antiporter that exchanges external substrate for interna

261 CaiT is a homotrimeric antiporter that exchanges l-carnitine (CRN) with gamma-b

262 ate in the brain is released by xCT, a glial antiporter that exports glutamate and imports cystine.

263 ClC-5 is a Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter that functions in endosomes and is important

264 s a heteromeric amino acid cystine/glutamate antiporter that is constitutively expressed by cells of

265 LC7A11, a component of the cystine/glutamate antiporter that regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS)-

266 GlpT is an antiporter that transports G3P into the cell in exchange

267 It has been well-established that NSTs are antiporters that exchange nucleotide sugars with the res

268 ATE) transporters are ubiquitous ion-coupled antiporters that extrude structurally and chemically dis

269 of which (VI and VII) are absent from other antiporters that share the Ec-NhaA structural fold.

270 Like many Na(+)/H(+) antiporters, the activity of NhaA is regulated by pH, on

271 ese proteins are most likely nitrate/nitrite antiporters, they can also act in the net uptake of nitr

272 working in tandem with an arginine-agmatine antiporter, this enzymatic cycle protects the organism b

273 ortant vacuolar ion transporters, Na(+)/H(+) antiporter (TNHXS1) and H(+)-pyrophosphatase (TVP1), wer

274 ribe the transformation of EmrE, a drug/H(+) antiporter to a polyamine importer by a single mutation.

275 eleased from the cell through the system Xc- antiporter to activate a metabotropic glutamate receptor

276 t to work in conjunction with an l-Asp/l-Ala antiporter to establish a proton gradient across the mem

277 ectrophoretically transported by the ATP/ADP antiporter to the catalytic site of bound hexokinase or

278 We used monensin, a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, to examine the role of the pump on the burst

279 verly Sensitive 1), encoding a sodium/proton antiporter, to plant salinity tolerance was analyzed in

280 e needed and for the value added by specific antiporter types in specific settings.

281 e side chain of Ser(cen) of CLC channels and antiporters typically projects into the pore and coordin

282 Finally, we show that inhibiting antiporter uptake of cystine interferes with presentatio

283 ession of system xc(-) cystine and glutamate antiporter via the JAK/STAT1 pathway.

284 The electrogenic Na(+)/H(+) antiporter was active in asymmetric liposomes, and it ca

285 luding SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE1 and Na(+)/H(+) ANTIPORTER, was impaired in camta6 mutants.

286 f the bacterial APC family arginine/agmatine antiporter, we introduced amino acid substitutions liabl

287 ichia coli NhaA is a prototype sodium-proton antiporter, which has been extensively characterized by

288 nvironmental cystine acquisition via the xCT antiporter, which is expressed on one-third of triple-ne

289 LT OVERLY SENSITIVE1 (SOS1), a sodium/proton antiporter, which represents an essential component of p

290 e synthesis depends on the cystine/glutamate antiporter, which transports the rate-limiting precursor

291 host cells usually possess zero to one such antiporter while other stress-exposed bacteria exhibit e

292 coded by the NCLX gene, and of a H(+)/Ca(2+) antiporter, whose identity is still debated.

293 NHE9 (SLC9A9) is an endosomal cation/proton antiporter with orthologues in yeast and bacteria.

294 r to distantly related bacterial Na(+) /H(+) antiporters with 13 transmembrane segments.

295 Detailed structures of antiporters with bound substrate ions are essential for

296 tective scaffolding, gain of glial glutamate antiporter xCT expression, and reactive astrocytosis, we

297 The cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT is frequently overexpressed in cancer and

298 via phosphorylation of the cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT.

299 utamine dependence via the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT/SLC7A11.

300 s model, we found that the glutamate/cystine antiporter (xCT) is required for increased sensitivity t