ライフサイエンスコーパス: antiretroviral

1 ical D:A:D score and potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals.

2 nce of latent genomes despite treatment with antiretrovirals.

3 ficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals on antiretrovirals.

4 nteractions were observed with other studied antiretrovirals.

5 ger, longitudinal cohorts.IMPORTANCE Several antiretroviral agents do not efficiently enter the CNS,

6 s a single entity (in combination with other antiretroviral agents) and as a fixed-dose combination (

7 y significant changes in the exposure of any antiretroviral agents.

8 lipoatrophy led to the development of newer antiretroviral agents; however, studies have demonstrate

9 Antiretrovirals and cytokines/chemokines concentrations

10 These observations establish a link between antiretrovirals and specific functional effects that pro

11 ibitors (INSTIs) are recent compounds in the antiretroviral arsenal used against HIV.

12 with HIV (n = 4 with viral suppression using antiretroviral [ART] therapy; n = 2 with rebound viremia

13 ate CD8(+) T cell targets in vivo IMPORTANCE Antiretroviral (ARV) drug regimens suppress HIV-1 replic

14 Although the newer antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are highly active against the

15 Clinical studies have validated that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs can serve as an HIV pre-expos

16 The coadministration of DOACs with the antiretroviral (ARV) pharmacokinetic boosters ritonavir

17 HIV-1 and HIV-2 differ in their antiretroviral (ARV) susceptibilities and drug resistanc

18 Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that involve antiretrovirals (ARVs) tend to cause harm if unrecognize

19 al drug in at least one but no more than two antiretroviral classes to add either fostemsavir (at a d

20 prospective cohort, the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC).

21 At the time of elevated VL, 19% of cases had antiretrovirals detected in plasma, compared with 87% of

22 ameters) and for cumulative exposure to each antiretroviral drug (ARV).

23 of using at least one fully active, approved antiretroviral drug in at least one but no more than two

24 Clinical and antiretroviral drug pickup data were obtained through th

25 We adapted the Modeling Antiretroviral drug Resistance In South Africa (MARISA)

26 with human immunodeficiency virus, extensive antiretroviral drug resistance, and high self-reported a

27 iral therapy still is unclear.IMPORTANCE The antiretroviral drug rilpivirine was developed into a lon

28 considered as adjuncts to the initiation of antiretroviral drug therapy.

29 for HIV RNA viral load, CD4 cell count, and antiretroviral drug-resistant mutations.

30 ded with elvitegravir (EVG), a commonly used antiretroviral drug.

31 ntial drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) between antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and comedications was high i

32 vances in HIV prevention and management with antiretroviral drugs continue to improve clinical care a

33 From 5316 citations about antiretroviral drugs identified, 549 were included to fo

34 Given widespread use of new antiretroviral drugs worldwide and anticipated use of ne

35 ch, especially if can be translated to other antiretroviral drugs, has potential for reducing the siz

36 Data on the use of antiretroviral drugs, including new drugs and formulatio

37 mes are targeted by the latest generation of antiretroviral drugs, integrase strand-transfer inhibito

38 lenging to address due to low penetration of antiretroviral drugs, lack of resident T cells, and perm

39 provide new insights for the development of antiretroviral drugs.

40 ve been implicated in elevated resistance to antiretroviral drugs.

41 turation' that is the target of FDA-approved antiretroviral drugs.

42 confirmed HIV infection who had not received antiretrovirals during this pregnancy.

43 isks (RRs) for associations between in utero antiretroviral exposure and microcephaly status, adjuste

44 ANCE compared the efficacy and safety of two antiretroviral first-line combinations (dolutegravir com

45 d for access to resistance testing and newer antiretrovirals for the optimal management of third-line

46 HIV) has driven novel interventions, such as antiretrovirals, for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

47 but a link between endothelial function and antiretrovirals has not been established.

48 fants born from women taking a wide range of antiretrovirals in 4 pharmacovigilance databases (WHO Vi

49 Effective concentrations of antiretrovirals in the female genital tract (FGT) are cr

50 l load was measured 7 days and 28 days after antiretroviral initiation, at 36 weeks' gestation, and a

51 ed in care' are more likely to be prescribed antiretroviral medication and achieve HIV viral suppress

52 clinic and care provider, but many reported antiretroviral medication nonadherence.

53 brain inflammation or in certain instances, antiretroviral neurotoxicity.

54 cohort, in which patients with no remaining antiretroviral options received oral fostemsavir (600 mg

55 ane, and oregano oil is a safe supplement to antiretrovirals, potentially delaying disease progressio

56 All infants received appropriate antiretroviral prophylaxis.

57 ecommended for the first time, a long-acting antiretroviral regimen injected once every 4 weeks for t

58 tudy who switched from TDF to TAF-containing antiretroviral regimen or continued TDF, we estimated ch

59 yweight observed in participants given these antiretroviral regimens and the trajectory of this weigh

60 Although antiretroviral regimens containing integrase inhibitors

61 limited treatment options, fostemsavir-based antiretroviral regimens were generally well tolerated an

62 p from 1997-2017 and switched to INSTI-based antiretroviral regimens were included.

63 has substantially decreased with combination antiretroviral regimens, but complications in children w

64 nts from drug-drug interactions with certain antiretroviral regimens.

65 of HIV drug resistance, identify appropriate antiretroviral regimes, and characterize transmission dy

66 which patients with one or two fully active antiretrovirals remaining received oral fostemsavir (600

67 pants with virologic failure and anticipated antiretroviral susceptibility received an optimized regi

68 Antiretroviral therapies efficiently block HIV-1 replica

69 [OR], 3.7; P < .001), imperfect adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) (OR, 2.8; P < .001), and de

70 ople living with HIV, initiate and retain on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 90% of those diagnosed, and

71 AD) events have been associated with certain antiretroviral therapy (ART) agents.

72 reatment, but the extent to which the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and anti-tuberculosis medic

73 n immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with bone lo

74 Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) can control the virus, it d

75 Immune restoration on antiretroviral therapy (ART) can drive inflammation in p

76 imitations include lack of data on access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) care and social or clinical

77 contraceptive efficacy and interaction with antiretroviral therapy (ART) complicate counseling.

78 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage was 80.2% among th

79 A 6-month interruption of supply of antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs across 50% of the pop

80 In adults starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute infection, 2%

81 with usual care (UC), offering same-day (SD) antiretroviral therapy (ART) during home-based human imm

82 collected from 12 persons with HIV who began antiretroviral therapy (ART) during very early HIV infec

83 lock-and-lock HIV cure approaches.IMPORTANCE Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively reduces an indi

84 d regimens are now recommended as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for adults with human immun

85 A key component of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV patients is the nuc

86 ed 150 DBS specimens from ongoing studies of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-2 infection in Sene

87 The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has remarkably decreased th

88 While the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved

89 counts despite fully suppressed HIV-1 RNA on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been associated with i

90 Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have made it possible for p

91 VID-19) among HIV-positive persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) have not been characterized

92 ns affected viral rebound after cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 18 acutely treated and d

93 lected data on HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Cape Town, South Africa

94 Despite the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1 infected mothers a

95 Late initiation of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy is associated

96 for HIV-positive children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa.

97 f 150 cells per muL or less, who had not had antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the past 6 months or tub

98 Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in vertically HIV-infected

99 ) coinfected adults starting tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Zambia, median baseline

100 A prospective study of DR-TB HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiating bedaquiline-cont

101 Y); screen acceptance (80%), linkage-to-care/antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (76%), HIV trans

102 tudied the impact of clinic-level factors on antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and viral suppre

103 Elevated viral load (VL) early after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation appears frequent

104 munodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during an era of

105 ver injury challenges coinfected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during antituber

106 a previously described effect of very early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation on the rate of r

107 or pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) before antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, there is little

108 on inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and death at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.

109 duals living with HIV/TB up to 48 weeks post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.

110 rsists in most HIV-1-positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important milestone f

111 iremia that is not suppressed by combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is generally attributed to

112 ed mortality between men and women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) is incompletely characteriz

113 ular reservoirs that can reignite viremia if antiretroviral therapy (ART) is interrupted.

114 rase strand-transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for human im

115 ta in HIV-1 patients with short or long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unclear.

116 Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) often leads to weight gain.

117 We assessed the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV suppression, immune

118 The effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the natural history of a

119 finitely in individuals with HIV who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) owing to a reservoir of lat

120 g with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) present with an abnormal in

121 nfected with HIV-1 who initiated suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens in infancy, HIV-1-

122 go and included participants receiving older antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens with infrequent vi

123 mine patient characteristics associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) reinitiation in Medicaid en

124 The number of people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) requiring treatment monitor

125 Discontinued antiretroviral therapy (ART) results in uncontrolled HIV

126 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up in sub-Saharan Afr

127 odeficiency virus (PLWH) switched from older antiretroviral therapy (ART) to newer integrase strand t

128 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat and pre-exposure p

129 Patterns of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and immunologic correla

130 cilities, including outreach nurses, and (2) antiretroviral therapy (ART) via community pharmacies.

131 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was associated with signifi

132 ency virus SHIV.C.CH505.375H.dCT, and triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) was initiated after 16 week

133 men who have sex with men (MSM) who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) within 1 year of their esti

134 Most patients (94.3%) were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), 88.7% had HIV virologic su

135 ons, including enhanced HIV testing, earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART), and strengthened male circ

136 se who know their HIV-positive status are on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and that 90% of those on t

137 y countries encourage same-day initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but evidence on eligibilit

138 We evaluated the association of antiretroviral therapy (ART), CD4+ count and human immun

139 Despite the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), incarcerated people have n

140 Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), low-level persistent HIV r

141 n of long-lived resting CD4 T cells, despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), remains a barrier to HIV c

142 After scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), routine annual viral load

143 based regimens now recommended as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), the of baseline genotypes

144 Even with treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART), the risk of tuberculosis (

145 We analyzed antiretroviral therapy (ART)-eligible adults newly linki

146 We characterized HIVDR among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and experienced parti

147 done for paired blood and semen samples from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive men living in Malawi

148 Detection of residual plasma viremia in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed HIV-infected ind

149 lood and rectum of HIV-negative (HIV(-)) and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed HIV-positive (HI

150 y due to the low level of antigen present in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed patients in cont

151 nd persistent induction of plasma viremia in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated simian immunodefici

152 (HIV-1) infection persists despite years of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

153 HIV-infected adults (18 to 40 years old) on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

154 drug-resistant HIV-1 jeopardizes success of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

155 y virus (HIV; PLWH) starting efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART).

156 ng cancers, and pulmonary infections despite antiretroviral therapy (ART).

157 ngitudinal samples from eight individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

158 eatens the success of the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

159 iferation but are poorly studied in women on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

160 IV infection and persisted despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART).

161 munodeficiency virus (HIV) controllers start antiretroviral therapy (ART).

162 an persist despite decades of treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART).

163 ell apoptosis in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

164 dentify key sites of viral persistence under antiretroviral therapy (ART).

165 ontributor to viral persistence in people on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

166 it is not always possible to initiate early antiretroviral therapy (ART).

167 chronic disease despite the effective use of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

168 d persistence during suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and treatment interruption

169 The combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) can efficiently suppress H

170 also assessed after 8 months of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiated in Fiebig II/III

171 tries to recommend initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) irrespective of CD4 cell c

172 transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is associated with greater

173 suppressed patients on standard combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) switching to DTG + emtrici

174 ine if responses to standardized combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) were similar between group

175 e setting of early initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), at high CD4 cell counts.

176 viremia initially controlled by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), CPT31 monotherapy prevent

177 nificant cognitive impairment in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated, perinatally human

178 HIV-monoinfected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

179 Though highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to better long-te

180 While highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is successful in controll

181 Despite increased access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), lung disease remains com

182 ment-experienced adults (>=18 years) failing antiretroviral therapy (HIV-1 RNA >=400 copies per mL) i

183 , we demonstrate that successful combination antiretroviral therapy (last HIV viral load <50 copies/m

184 related action plans.Proportions adherent to antiretroviral therapy (proportion of days covered [PDC]

185 h HIV face challenges to their wellbeing and antiretroviral therapy adherence and have poor treatment

186 0.007) that is not explained by differential antiretroviral therapy adherence.

187 HF, there were 434 PHIV; 90% were prescribed antiretroviral therapy and 62% were virally suppressed.

188 The risk of drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral therapy and aramchol, cenicriviroc, elafi

189 iving with perinatally-acquired HIV, despite antiretroviral therapy and CD4 preservation/reconstituti

190 SM has not been examined since the advent of antiretroviral therapy and molecular diagnostics.

191 ivate provirus expression in the presence of antiretroviral therapy and target virus-expressing cells

192 People living with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy are at increased risk of cardiova

193 who spontaneously control infection without antiretroviral therapy as well as preclinical immunizati

194 Maternal receipt of 3-drug antiretroviral therapy compared with zidovudine was asso

195 sistently low CD4 counts despite efficacious antiretroviral therapy could have higher hospitalization

196 To date, the impact of antiretroviral therapy duration on HIV-infected CD4(+) T

197 n 29 HIV-infected participants who initiated antiretroviral therapy during acute infection and underw

198 2 HIV-1-positive participants in the CNS HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Effects Research (CHARTER) study

199 Median duration of antiretroviral therapy for PLHIV was 8 years (interquart

200 Despite the use of antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infect

201 flammation, and the expansion of combination antiretroviral therapy has led to varied demographic and

202 Nonetheless, combination antiretroviral therapy has offered people with HIV the o

203 sode of histoplasmosis within 6 months after antiretroviral therapy initiation.

204 histoplasmosis should be implemented before antiretroviral therapy initiation.

205 1 days (interquartile range 7-40 days) after antiretroviral therapy initiation.

206 ists in people living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy is critical to develop cure strat

207 SIV-infected RMs.IMPORTANCE While effective, antiretroviral therapy is not a cure for HIV infection.

208 Antiretroviral therapy is recommended as soon as possibl

209 Combination antiretroviral therapy is the mainstay of HIV treatment,

210 Current antiretroviral therapy slows disease progression but doe

211 tance on virologic outcome during subsequent antiretroviral therapy still is unclear.IMPORTANCE The a

212 Antiretroviral therapy suppresses but does not cure HIV-

213 ollowed by linkage to care and initiation of antiretroviral therapy to suppress viral replication.

214 There is no effect of combination antiretroviral therapy use on multiple myeloma or leukae

215 people who were HIV-positive did not report antiretroviral therapy use, of whom 2652 (68.4%) had vir

216 hy, acquired from the standard highly active antiretroviral therapy used to treat AIDS patients, like

217 he use of raltegravir- or dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy was associated with an adjusted o

218 Virally suppressed participants receiving antiretroviral therapy were randomized 1:1 for 12 weeks

219 nts with HIV infection receiving combination antiretroviral therapy were randomized equally to either

220 To this end, HIV-1 patients on antiretroviral therapy who are reported to exhibit chron

221 cipants 40-75 years of age, receiving stable antiretroviral therapy with CD4+ T-cell count >100 cells

222 We compared safety and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy with either raltegravir or efavir

223 Some studies have associated antiretroviral therapy with increased risk of myocardial

224 man immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who were on antiretroviral therapy with suppressed HIV viremia and h

225 lly for individuals on long-term combination antiretroviral therapy with well controlled HIV.

226 uman immunodeficiency virus (even when under antiretroviral therapy), and hepatitis C virus or those

227 cell counts (nadir, <200/muL; >350/muL after antiretroviral therapy), antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell me

228 are living with HIV-1 worldwide, and despite antiretroviral therapy, 30 to 50% of the people living w

229 ntral nervous system, imperfect adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and depression.

230 load, study type, previous time on combined antiretroviral therapy, and follow-up interval during TI

231 dritic cells (FDCs), persists in vivo during antiretroviral therapy, and likely contributes to viral

232 their CD4 + T cell pool after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, and their prognosis is inferior

233 ion has dramatically decreased with maternal antiretroviral therapy, breast milk transmission account

234 ed by lifelong administration of combination antiretroviral therapy, but an effective vaccine will li

235 Even with antiretroviral therapy, children born to HIV-infected (H

236 HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and active TB commencing antiretroviral therapy, iNKT cells in TB-IRIS patients a

237 ntrast to individuals treated with long-term antiretroviral therapy, intact proviral sequences from e

238 HIV-1 persists in a latent form during antiretroviral therapy, mainly in CD4(+) T cells, thus h

239 76.5% males, 48.3% with cirrhosis, 98.3% on antiretroviral therapy, median CD4+ cell count 527 cells

240 odeficiency virus (HIV) infection initiating antiretroviral therapy, screening serum for cryptococcal

241 nced meaningful declines in lung function on antiretroviral therapy, suggesting a role for lung funct

242 Despite antiretroviral therapy-associated improvement in CD4+ T-

243 ndomized, open-label study in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral therapy-naive adults (CD4+ >=50 cells/mm3

244 ith fat gain due to restoration to health in antiretroviral therapy-naive PLWH, which is compounded b

245 A substantial proportion of antiretroviral therapy-treated PWH exhibited myocardial

246 s with HCV-1/HIV coinfection suppressed with antiretroviral therapy.

247 achieving viral remission in the absence of antiretroviral therapy.

248 s weight gain with integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.

249 These pathologies persist despite antiretroviral therapy.

250 matory syndrome (TB-IRIS) when they commence antiretroviral therapy.

251 on facilitates immune escape and complicates antiretroviral therapy.

252 and rilpivirine dosed every 4 weeks to oral antiretroviral therapy.

253 unt <= 100 cells/mul, and 35% were receiving antiretroviral therapy.

254 HIV) co-infected patients receiving combined antiretroviral therapy.

255 igational principal component of long-acting antiretroviral therapy.

256 outh Africa, to define a cohort of PWLHIV on antiretroviral therapy.

257 ntributes to viral rebound upon cessation of antiretroviral therapy.

258 over drug-drug interactions associated with antiretroviral therapy.

259 discontinuing CPT in stabilized patients on antiretroviral therapy.

260 as darunavir (DRV), are the key component of antiretroviral therapy.

261 , 11.1) years and 97.4% received combination antiretroviral therapy.

262 7 cells/muL, 64% were women, and 38% were on antiretroviral therapy.

263 inority variants, can compromise response to antiretroviral therapy.

264 Viral replication can be blocked by antiretroviral therapy.

265 ut of people with HIV-1, even with effective antiretroviral therapy.

266 as safe and effective as optimally delivered antiretroviral therapy.

267 t solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients on antiretroviral therapy.

268 , cirrhosis, body mass index, and/or type of antiretroviral therapy.

269 -4 in HBV/HIV co-infected adults on combined antiretroviral therapy.

270 the treatment of HIV as part of combination antiretroviral therapy.

271 in 586 women who were naive to highly active antiretroviral therapy.

272 We also discuss the role of rituximab and antiretroviral therapy.

273 8 with longstanding HIV infection, 88% under antiretroviral therapy; and 57 women without HIV from th

274 netic background, clinical risk factors, and antiretrovirals to chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unkno

275 and increased morbidity and mortality during antiretroviral-treated HIV disease.

276 set of AGEhIV Cohort participants comprising antiretroviral-treated PWH and seronegative controls mat

277 We examined whether universal antiretroviral treatment (ART) eligibility policies (Tre

278 Maternal HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment (ART) have been associated with

279 in a cohort of HIV-infected persons starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) in a high tuberculosis en

280 cs of the HIV DNA reservoir over time during antiretroviral treatment (ART) in relation to those of o

281 Children living with HIV (CLHIV) receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource limited setti

282 Uptake of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is expanding rapidly in l

283 e of pregnancy, but studies of the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on pregnancy incidence ha

284 ackage that models the decline of HIV during antiretroviral treatment (ART) using a popular mathemati

285 ce, risk factors for HIV, provision of PMTCT antiretroviral treatment (ART), and the association betw

286 Further analysis in combined antiretroviral treatment (cART)-treated individuals with

287 exposure, time since initiating combination antiretroviral treatment (per 5-year use) was associated

288 IV/TB coinfected women on an efavirenz-based antiretroviral treatment and rifampicin-based TB treatme

289 Antiretroviral treatment failed in 91% of HIV-45G-infect

290 h diagnosed HIV (PLWH) used to pay for their antiretroviral treatment in 2015 to 2016 reported in the

291 g with HIV (PLWH), including participants on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana Combination Pre

292 anti-TB treatment and 874 people with HIV to antiretroviral treatment sites.

293 ereas PLWH were more likely to pay for their antiretroviral treatment using publicly sponsored progra

294 new infections, overcome the limitations of antiretroviral treatment, combat stigma and discriminati

295 l transcription persists in patients despite antiretroviral treatment, potentially due to intermitten

296 e patients with CD4+ < 200 cells/muL started antiretroviral treatment, rs111200466-deletion carriers

297 onses during HIV infection in the absence of antiretroviral treatment, we compared HLA-B*57:01-restri

298 ead in the presence and absence of effective antiretroviral treatment.

299 inical disease progression in absence of any antiretroviral treatment.

300 layed a fitness advantage in the presence of antiretroviral treatment.IMPORTANCE Both viral (e.g., RT