ライフサイエンスコーパス: aster

1 ules by the sperm-derived centrosomes (sperm asters).

2 ear attachment and migration along the sperm aster.

3 capture of the meiotic spindle by the sperm aster.

4 m a mature centrosome that nucleates a sperm aster.

5 e complex MT network architecture within the aster.

6 onucleus is independent of the sperm and its aster.

7 rotubules early in the assembly of the sperm aster.

8 t not with microtubule remnants of the sperm aster.

9 vement of yolk granules toward the center of asters.

10 at reduced levels at cortical sites near the asters.

11 rest and decreased formation of mitotic-like asters.

12 icrotubules to centrosome-associated mitotic asters.

13 f-assembly of structures such as microtubule asters.

14 ments emanate from the plasmid DNA in radial asters.

15 a recombinant 4.1R reconstituted the mitotic asters.

16 nt manner in the direction of the separating asters.

17 nd induced rapid disassembly of preassembled asters.

18 in bipolar spindles associated with ectopic asters.

19 o a polarizing cue associated with the sperm asters.

20 d disassembly of bipolar spindles into large asters.

21 pindle poles, mimics Ran's ability to induce asters.

22 s from microtubules emanating from the sperm asters.

23 microtubule bundles at the boundary between asters.

24 (ch-TOGp) is an abundant component of these asters.

25 , centrosome maturation and the formation of asters.

26 umulate large amounts of DNA and microtubule asters.

27 bers to study the positioning of microtubule asters.

28 that furrows always assemble midway between asters.

29 molecular motors, is sufficient to position asters.

30 ad to a strong anisotropy of the microtubule asters.

31 he spindle poles toward the centers of these asters.

32 ects, which lead to a weak anisotropy of the asters.

33 bundle to form a bipolar spindle that lacks asters.

34 nsitions from actin vortices over stars into asters.

35 tes boundaries to microtubule growth between asters.

36 linked apolar asters, and a lattice of polar asters.

37 s as a proxy for the movement of microtubule asters.

38 ulation, we produced "cells" containing only asters, a truncated central spindle lacking both asters

39 terol-loaded fibroblasts with a knockdown of Aster-A and in mouse macrophages from Aster-B and Aster-

40 -A and in mouse macrophages from Aster-B and Aster-A/B-deficient mice.

41 These microtubule asters accurately reflect the noncentrosomal aspects of

42 Conversely, in anucleate cells, asters alone can support furrow induction without a spin

43 ng fertilization by nucleating a microtubule aster along which the female pronucleus migrates toward

44 as used to measure the diameter of the sperm aster and assign a score (0-3) based on the degree of ra

45 ependent difference in diameter of the sperm aster and in the organization of the sperm astral microt

46 and the more mechanism-based assignments of ASTER and MOAtox.

47 upporting observations, including testing of aster and ring function with inhibitors.

48 ization in extracts, dramatically inhibiting aster and spindle assembly and also depolymerizing prefo

49 Stable associations between the sperm aster and the pronuclei are essential during this direct

50 mulate to high levels at sites distal to the asters and at reduced levels at cortical sites near the

51 buttercups [Ranunculaceae pro parte (p.p.)], asters and campanulas (Asterales), bluets (Rubiaceae p.p

52 rs, a truncated central spindle lacking both asters and chromosomes, or microtubules alone.

53 nctional interaction between the microtubule asters and cortical actin has been largely analyzed in a

54 ng" that enforces radial organization within asters and generates boundaries to microtubule growth be

55 d disassembly of F-actin and keratin between asters and local softening of the cytoplasm as assayed b

56 lso observed cells with multiple cytoplasmic asters and MTs lacking an organizing center.

57 These domains efficiently attract asters and nuclei, yielding marked asymmetric divisions.

58 blocked the interpenetration of neighboring asters and recruited cytokinesis midzone proteins, inclu

59 anL43E) induced the formation of microtubule asters and spindle assembly, in the absence of sperm nuc

60 Signaling by the centrosomal asters and spindle midzone coordinately directs formatio

61 extracts results in compromised microtubule asters and spindles and the mislocalization of XMAP215,

62 atase Ran stimulates assembly of microtubule asters and spindles in mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.

63 nts into dynamic patterns, such as vortices, asters and stars.

64 xtracts depleted of Ndel1 are unable to form asters and that this defect can be rescued by the additi

65 ns of animal Ran in the formation of spindle asters and the reassembly of the nuclear envelope in mit

66 the Verhaar scheme, 1165 were classified by ASTER, and 802 were available in MOAtox.

67 ion, namely bundled filaments, linked apolar asters, and a lattice of polar asters.

68 to interpolar MT bundles, half spindles, and asters, and is enriched around spindle poles.

69 ilization, optimal starting distance between asters, and proximity to chromatin all favored CPC recru

70 (MTs) of the first mitotic spindle, spindle asters, and the cortical MTs, but not with microtubule r

71 ive MAP kinase is localized at kinetochores, asters, and the midbody during mitosis.

72 expressed as transient assembly of cortical asters, and this cortical reorganization was altered in

73 two other microtubule structures: the sperm aster; and the radial, monastral array of microtubules e

74 We find that aster anisotropy is biased in the direction of the chrom

75 In both, large numbers of asters appeared at the cortex of the egg after completio

76 on, lateral interactions between microtubule asters are assumed to be important for regular spatial o

77 These asters are foci of microtubules, motors, and microtubule

78 s, mitochondria in the region of the spindle asters are labeled.

79 Our results also indicate that sperm asters are not essential for pronuclear migration but ar

80 ts, showing that microtubule linkages within asters are remarkably compliant (mean stiffness 0.025 pN

81 irst, the aggregation of microtubule foci or asters around the chromosomes, and second, the elongatio

82 ng and were specific for mitotic centrosomal asters as we observed little effect on interphase asters

83 lymerization of microtubules was measured in aster assays suggesting a role for MAP kinase in regulat

84 ved little effect on interphase asters or on asters assembled by the Ran-mediated centrosome-independ

85 h-TOGp is a major constituent of microtubule asters assembled in a mammalian mitotic extract and that

86 les in the microtubule pellet of the mitotic asters assembled in mammalian cell-free mitotic extract.

87 Microtubule asters assembled in response to centrosomes and Ran-GTP

88 e microtubule-associated proteins in mitotic asters assembled in vitro.

89 n mitotic extracts and reconstitutes mitotic aster assemblies in 4.1R-immunodepleted extracts in vitr

90 n vitro using a cell-free system for mitotic aster assembly and in vivo after injection into cultured

91 nization in murine oocytes and taxol-induced aster assembly in cultured cells.

92 he mitotic spindles, and its role in mitotic aster assembly in vitro.

93 he spindle poles and for mitotic microtubule aster assembly in vitro.

94 importin-beta is an inhibitor of microtubule aster assembly in Xenopus egg extracts and that Ran regu

95 oteins from the cell free system for mitotic aster assembly indicates that the plus end-directed acti

96 XNercc immunodepletion also slows aster assembly induced by Ran-GTP, producing Ran-asters

97 uRCs from centrosomes, inhibited microtubule aster assembly, and induced rapid disassembly of preasse

98 pADPr, extended from PARP-5a, also triggered aster assembly, suggesting a functional role of the pADP

99 ogical MT dynamics as assayed by Ran-induced aster assembly.

100 ion that ch-TOGp is required for microtubule aster assembly.

101 and dynactin to microtubules during spindle/aster assembly.

102 f M9M to mitotic cytosol induces microtubule aster assembly.

103 None of the cytoplasmic asters associated with the zygotic nucleus and, as in un

104 function prevents the development of mitotic aster asymmetry and spindle pole movement towards the su

105 a key determinant in organizing microtubule aster asymmetry to power nuclear dynein-dependent separa

106 g the first phase (establishment), the sperm asters at one end of the embryo exclude the PAR-3/PAR-6/

107 ctivated to pull on microtubules to decenter asters attached to centrosomes, nuclei, or spindles.

108 Simultaneous aster attenuation and MP-GAP inhibition led to RhoA accu

109 own of Aster-A and in mouse macrophages from Aster-B and Aster-A/B-deficient mice.

110 experiments with liposomes revealed that the Aster-B GRAM domain binds to membranes in a cholesterol

111 ins after pronuclear meeting, when the sperm asters begin to invade the anterior.

112 Beads coated with active CPC mimicked aster boundaries and caused AURKB-dependent disassembly

113 We propose that active CPC at aster boundaries locally reduces cytoplasmic stiffness b

114 broadened by attenuation of the centrosomal asters but was not affected by MP-GAP inhibition alone.

115 Here, we explore the contribution of the asters by analyzing the consequences of altering interas

116 We show that dynamic asters can also be obtained from a homogeneous solution

117 ster, while dynein-coated beads moved to the aster center at a constant rate, suggesting organelle mo

118 were released and translocated away from the aster center.

119 Interphase asters center and orient centrosomes with dynein-mediate

120 Rather, the preceding interphase aster centers and orients a pair of centrosomes prior to

121 lation is important to focus microtubules at aster centers and to facilitate the transition from aste

122 centrifugal clearing of F-actin from around aster centers.

123 We conclude that the asters confer accuracy and precision to a primary furrow

124 tubule (MT)-binding proteins, Orbit/multiple asters/cytoplasmic linker protein-associated protein, ha

125 Remarkably, aster decentration only occurred after asters had first

126 In asymmetrically dividing cells, aster decentration typically follows a centering phase,

127 gnaling-based cortical forces pulling on the asters, delays furrow formation and leads to the formati

128 The organization of microtubules into asters depends on 4.1R in that immunodepletion of 4.1R f

129 ion from bull A resulted in an average sperm aster diameter of 101.4 microm (76.3% of oocyte diameter

130 ers (P < or = 0.0001) from the average sperm aster diameters produced after inseminations from bull B

131 anillin (ANI-1) promotes the formation of an aster-directed furrow in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos.

132 In aster-directed furrowing, cytoskeletal factors accumulat

133 ation is reasonably well understood, but the aster-directed pathway is not.

134 The aster disassembled during anaphase, leaving the spindle

135 tile ring formation, with anaphase entry and aster disassembly also required for polar body biogenesi

136 play decreased nematic order and that motile asters distort the nematic director field.

137 onal alignment, we find that monopolar sperm asters do not show evidence for flux, partially contradi

138 and cell cycle kinase Aurora A along spindle asters during cell division.

139 (KIF2C) also resulted in ectopic microtubule asters during mitosis in C. elegans zygotes or HeLa cell

140 , we propose that signaling by the separated asters executes two critical functions: 1) it couples fu

141 Our model predicts that asters expand as traveling waves and recapitulates all m

142 accessible cholesterol pool in cells lacking Aster expression.

143 We also show that (acentrosomal) microtubule asters fail to assemble in vitro without HSET activity,

144 In mutant embryos arrested in meiosis, sperm asters fail to form, and posterior is defined by the pos

145 , in the absence of cohesin, mitotic spindle asters failed to form in vitro.

146 rom Xenopus laevis eggs to study microtubule aster formation and microtubule dynamics in the presence

147 Using an in vitro aster formation assay, we found that BRCA1-dependent ubi

148 he NuMA tail was shown to induce microtubule aster formation by mediating microtubule bundling.

149 active as a ubiquitin ligase did not inhibit aster formation by the centrosome.

150 by specific antibodies impaired microtubule aster formation from purified mitotic centrosomes in vit

151 pletion from egg extracts delays microtubule aster formation from sperm basal bodies.

152 mation by blocking or reducing the degree of aster formation in chosen regions of the sample, without

153 Rev has a strong inhibitory effect on aster formation in Xenopus egg extracts, demonstrating t

154 Centrosome aster formation is reconstituted when these inactive, sa

155 increasing LIS1 concentration partly rescues aster formation, suggesting that Ndel1 is a recruitment

156 ized, tangle-shaped microtubules and reduced aster formation, which however did not alter appreciably

157 imbalances in motor force during microtubule aster formation.

158 crotubules that is capable of self-organized aster formation.

159 in centrosome amplification and microtubule aster formation.

160 any cellular structures, such as the dynamic asters found in mitotic and meiotic spindles.

161 f an organized centrosome and its associated aster from one of the spindle poles, whereas the centros

162 Microtubules grew out as asters from artificial centrosomes and met to organize a

163 C recruitment to microtubule bundles between asters from the same spindle.

164 rmal velocities, but reduced the ejection of asters from the spindles, blocked chromosome decondensat

165 cytoplasm comprise a mechanically integrated aster gel that moves collectively in response to dynein

166 We reported previously that the Aster/Gramd1 family of sterol transporters mediates nonv

167 a cell-free system derived from eggs, where asters grew to hundreds of microns in diameter.

168 growth is initiated by centrosomes but that asters grow by propagating a wave of microtubule nucleat

169 ParM-R1 asters grow from centrosome-like structures consisting o

170 It has been unclear whether asters grow to fill the enormous egg by the same mechani

171 were also required for radial order of large asters growing in isolation, apparently to compensate fo

172 The standard model of aster growth assumes a fixed number of microtubules orig

173 We propose that aster growth is initiated by centrosomes but that asters

174 ate was longer than that predicted by radial aster growth models, agreeing with recent models of a mo

175 n dynamics to develop a biophysical model of aster growth.

176 waves and recapitulates all major aspects of aster growth.

177 utward, but this was not essential for rapid aster growth.

178 ably, aster decentration only occurred after asters had first reached the cell center.

179 ch aster pairs from the same spindle (sister asters) have chromatin between them, whereas asters pair

180 NDVI was obtained from ASTER images.

181 icrotubules that either constitute the sperm aster in in vitro-fertilized (IVF) oocytes or originate

182 l F-actin ring that closely approximated the aster in location, measured diameter range, and pattern.

183 actile ring was determined by the peripheral aster in Spisula.

184 e addressed this question by imaging growing asters in a cell-free system derived from eggs, where as

185 rowing ends) of the filaments of microtubule asters in a KB cell extract.

186 to the mechanical properties of microtubule asters in a manner consistent with its localization to s

187 re, analysis of partially reconstituted MTOC asters in cells that escape complete repolymerization bl

188 e contributions of RhoA flux and centrosomal asters in controlling RhoA zone dimensions.

189 an-GTP caused normal assembly of microtubule asters in depleted extracts, indicating that this defect

190 otubule self-organization using Ran-mediated asters in meiotic Xenopus egg extracts.

191 d motor-dependent self-organized microtubule asters in metaphase-arrested Xenopus egg extracts.

192 n interaction zone that forms between sister-asters in telophase.

193 dles or the generation of single microtubule asters in the droplets.

194 petent to nucleate microtubules and assemble asters in the same cytoplasm.

195 ubules have previously been observed to form asters in vitro.

196 arallel bundles at interaction zones between asters in Xenopus egg extracts.

197 s to separate post-anaphase microtubule (MT) asters in Xenopus laevis and other large eggs remains un

198 zation of Taxol-stabilized microtubules into asters in Xenopus meiotic extracts revealed motor-depend

199 d disassembly of the keratin network between asters in zygotes fixed before and during 1(st) cytokine

200 ganized and centrosome-nucleated microtubule asters indicates that 4.1 is involved in regulating both

201 otofilament bundles emanating from different asters interconnect, mimicking the closure of the FtsZ r

202 monastral arrays of microtubules, the sperm aster is reduced in size, and the centrosomes often diss

203 ccurs when a small, late-growing microtubule aster is visible at the centrosome.

204 Although the aster labeling was constant from the time of nuclear env

205 en mating cells come into contact, they form aster-like actin structures that direct cell wall remode

206 in a mammalian mitotic extract organize into aster-like arrays in a centrosome-independent process th

207 resulted in the contraction of the gels into aster-like arrays.

208 oncentrations, a morphological transition to aster-like geometries was observed.

209 ion of purified tubulin and the formation of aster-like microtubule structures.

210 Initially, FtsZ nucleation centers grow into aster-like structures that dramatically resemble microtu

211 ic phases, ranging from a gas of spinners to aster-like vortices and rotating flocks, with either pol

212 These studies revealed that the Aster-mediated nonvesicular cholesterol transport pathwa

213 Where these asters meet at the midplane, they assemble a disk-shaped

214 titution in cell-free extracts permits sperm aster microtubule assembly in vitro.

215 nuclear membrane available to interact with aster microtubules.

216 In unfertilized eggs, the asters migrated inwards and two of them became stably as

217 ry revealed an important role of microtubule aster migration through cytoplasmic space, which depende

218 ve evolution, and we advocate for the use of aster modeling as a rigorous basis for achieving this go

219 However, aster morphology in this model does not scale with cell

220 egg extract to investigate the mechanics of aster movement and centration.

221 Characterization of aster movement away from V-shaped hydrogel barriers prov

222 We imaged aster movement by dynein and actomyosin forces in Xenopu

223 Our results suggest that asters observed in large fish and amphibian eggs are a m

224 Fus1, actin, and type V myosins revealed an aster of actin filaments whose barbed ends are focalized

225 ized in the centriolar adjunct from which an aster of microtubules emanates.

226 r assembly induced by Ran-GTP, producing Ran-asters of abnormal size and morphology.

227 Positioning of the MT aster often results in its movement to the center of a c

228 organized into distinct structures, such as asters or bundles.

229 d in defective spindle structures resembling asters or half-spindles.

230 s as we observed little effect on interphase asters or on asters assembled by the Ran-mediated centro

231 ch noncentrosomal protein during microtubule aster organization and suggests that microtubule organiz

232 otor (NuMA) proteins involved in microtubule aster organization.

233 f forces acting on microtubules and restores aster organization.

234 Sperm asters organized by bull A-derived sperm had an average

235 icrotubule plus-ends pushing the microtubule aster outward and that the balance of these forces posit

236 ation provides a natural experiment in which aster pairs from the same spindle (sister asters) have c

237 In frogs, only sister aster pairs induce furrows.

238 asters) have chromatin between them, whereas asters pairs from different spindles (nonsisters) do not

239 ein-dependent inward movement at the growing aster periphery, then mostly halted inside the aster, wh

240 During formation of the polar aster phase, advection of the self-organizing actomyosin

241 ogical production of astins independent from aster plants.

242 bly or taxol stabilization of the peripheral aster produced poorly defined rings or bulging anaphase

243 ation in vitro and in vivo and sequesters an aster promoting activity (APA) that consists of multiple

244 cholesterol transport is mediated by GRAMD1/Aster proteins that bind PS and cholesterol.

245 rm pronucleus and its associated centrosomal asters provide a cue that establishes the anterior-poste

246 that the large number of microtubules in the asters provides a highly precise mechanism for positioni

247 y (EPA) ASsessment Tool for Evaluating Risk (ASTER) QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationshi

248 Microtubule asters - radial arrays of microtubules organized by cent

249 ale pronucleus and the remaining cytoplasmic asters rapidly disappeared.

250 We found that only sister asters recruited two conserved furrow-inducing signaling

251 y and promote the formation of interphase MT asters required for normal nuclear spacing, centrosome s

252 ich beautiful structures form resembling the asters seen in cell division.

253 investigate the mechanism that keeps the two asters separate and forms a distinct boundary between th

254 Simultaneously delaying aster separation and disrupting midzone-based signaling

255 Preventing aster separation, by simultaneously inhibiting TPXL-1 an

256 Delaying aster separation, by using TPXL-1 depletion to shorten t

257 Aster shape is determined by interactions of the expandi

258 s study describes a paternal effect on sperm aster size and microtubule organization during bovine fe

259 "early" step, manifested by greatly reduced aster size during early time points in maskin-depleted e

260 data support the hypothesis that peripheral aster spreading, perhaps dynein-driven, is causally rela

261 o quantify bundling in the whole microtubule aster structure and a way to compare the simulated resul

262 Retriever for Successful Revascularization (ASTER) study was a randomized, open-label, blinded end-p

263 phorylated APC/C associates with microtubule asters, suggesting that phosphatases are important.

264 The plant Aster tataricus is widely used in traditional Chinese me

265 uration during meiosis and growth of a sperm aster that could capture the oocyte meiotic spindle.

266 al model of the dynamic formin-filamin-actin asters that can self-organize into a contractile actomyo

267 links we applied optical trapping to mitotic asters that form in mammalian mitotic extracts.

268 gotes is positioned by two large microtubule asters that grow out from the poles of the first mitotic

269 ntation to the cell cortex using microtubule asters that grow out from the spindle poles during anaph

270 scribing spontaneous bipolarization of sperm asters that was missed previously.

271 ce of all structural constituents, including asters, the central spindle, and chromosomes.

272 The sperm aster then captures the female pronucleus to join the ma

273 enters and to facilitate the transition from asters to bipolar spindles.

274 most feasible was found to be binding of the asters to cytoskeletal filaments and directed transport

275 modifies the landscape over time and allows asters to explore otherwise inaccessible configurations.

276 preventing the migration of the microtubule asters to opposite sides of chromosomes.

277 into a directional migration of centrosomal asters toward chromatin and their steady-state repositio

278 could not be overcome by manipulation of the asters toward the cortex.

279 aying and attenuating the formation of sperm asters until after the period of reorganization, suggest

280 wing asters with a discontinuous jump of the aster velocity to a nonzero value.

281 e degree of radial organization of the sperm aster was also bull-dependent.

282 The metaphase peripheral aster was confirmed to spread cortically in an umbrella-

283 equired to organize acentrosomal microtubule asters, we show that addition of either active or kinase

284 We determined that asters were able to find the center of artificial channe

285 d with NuMA and XMAP215 at the center of Ran asters where its activity is regulated by Aurora A-depen

286 is a radial array of microtubules called an aster, which is nucleated by a central organizing center

287 Like smaller cells, they are organized by asters, which grow, interact, and move to precisely posi

288 a coli, can also self-organize in vitro into asters, which resemble astral microtubules.

289 ter periphery, then mostly halted inside the aster, while dynein-coated beads moved to the aster cent

290 rsists and organizes an abnormal microtubule aster, while iMTOCs and satellites are greatly reduced.

291 losive transition from stationary to growing asters with a discontinuous jump of the aster velocity t

292 Asters with short microtubules move toward the position

293 ced poorly defined rings or bulging anaphase asters within the ring center, respectively, inhibiting

294 tifying a double infection with SbGP/MPV and aster yellows (16SrI) phytoplasma.

295 and colleagues report that one PMU from the aster yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom (AY-WB)

296 e 706,569-bp chromosome and four plasmids of aster yellows phytoplasma strain witches' broom (AY-WB)

297 all (+/- 10 kDa) virulence effector SAP11 of Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom (AY-WB)

298 plete repeat among the PMUs in the genome of Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom (AY-WB).

299 rabidopsis thaliana) expressing the secreted Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom protein1

300 starvation responses, we found that secreted Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom protein1