ライフサイエンスコーパス: attentional

1 Pupil dilation is a sensitive index of attentional allocation and effort, and inter-individual

2 ion captured the behaviour and self-reported attentional allocation of human participants performing

3 Across five experiments, attentional allocation was measured in objects of equal

4 tes strongly associated with saliency-driven attentional allocation.

5 r inferred real-world object size influences attentional allocation.

6 internal and external influences, including attentional and arousal states, motor activity and neuro

7 re we examined how momentary fluctuations in attentional and cardiac states combine to regulate the p

8 However, data on attentional and executive (dys)functions in individuals

9 Dopamine is integral to attentional and motivational processes, but studies are

10 de a detailed, dynamical characterization of attentional and oculomotor capture that is not only qual

11 However, by varying attentional and stimulus parameters, we found differenti

12 n of neural activities involved in stimulus, attentional, and recognition processing.

13 system would be affected by emotion via the attentional/arousal effect according to the attentional

14 a decreasing order of acuity, would decrease attentional attrition.

15 Given attentional atypicalities in ASD, this study is the firs

16 demands, offering a mechanistic account for attentional atypicalities in ASD.

17 mechanistic and neurobiological account for attentional atypicalities in ASD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

18 later periods, produces long-lasting visual attentional behavior deficits, and results in excessive

19 uits with long-range connectivity to produce attentional behavior.

20 Development of novel measures of attentional behaviors may lead to earlier identification

21 ism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit atypical attentional behaviors, including altered sensory respons

22 In a converging experiment, we reveal that attentional benefits are greatest when a subpopulation i

23 plays a role in dictating its potential for attentional benefits.

24 t stronger normalization also exhibit larger attentional benefits.

25 from awareness still confers perceptual and attentional benefits.

26 trol is necessary for an association between attentional bias and catastrophizing to be observed, whi

27 ay explain the lack of relationships between attentional bias and individual characteristics, such as

28 oriented, which limits the effectiveness of attentional bias modification techniques that utilize in

29 rs with cocaine or water reward performed an attentional bias task, in which those colors served as i

30 e have employed a non-human primate model of attentional bias to cocaine cues while simultaneously re

31 orbitofrontal cortex, are likely involved in attentional bias to cocaine-associated environmental cue

32 Attentional bias to drug-associated cues correlates with

33 l control moderated the relationship between attentional bias to pain faces and pain catastrophizing.

34 the critical role of pain catastrophizing in attentional bias to pain-related stimuli.

35 ant relationship between catastrophizing and attentional bias to pain.

36 al responses to affective touch and increase attentional bias toward positive facial expressions.

37 his case, pleasantness of physical touch and attentional bias toward positive facial expressions.

38 As in clinical studies, attentional bias was indicated by elongated response tim

39 t selective attention to pain-related faces (attentional bias); and (b) to determine whether attentio

40 previously investigated the neural basis of attentional bias, but the lack of animal models preclude

41 On the EOG measure of attentional bias, MDMA, but not MA, increased attention

42 ognition-for example, worry, rumination, and attentional bias-rather than the content, and aimed to c

43 ing electrooculography (EOG) in a measure of attentional bias.

44 learning in the expression of threat-related attentional biases in anxiety.

45 on, dwelled for longer durations on, and had attentional biases towards images that contain boundary

46 ty patterns to support relatively persistent attentional biases.

47 king our finding to a prominent model of the attentional blink - the Simultaneous Type/Serial Token m

48 We address this question using the Attentional Blink approach with visual objects as target

49 d large differences across categories in the attentional blink.

50 r temporal selection), we tested whether the attentional boost effect is accompanied by an increase i

51 Thus, conditions that produce the attentional boost effect may also elicit phasic changes

52 ented information, a phenomenon known as the attentional boost effect.

53 One account of the attentional boost suggests that it reflects the temporal

54 Go trials lead to an attentional boosting of perceived trust on high trust an

55 ase during face presentation interacted with attentional boosting of trust, enhancing high trust face

56 One theory underlying this value-driven attentional capture (VDAC) is that reward-associated sti

57 This finding suggests that value-driven attentional capture begins with sensory modulations of d

58 of the dorsal attention network in resisting attentional capture by a salient singleton distractor: t

59 ociations, a phenomenon termed "value-driven attentional capture" (VDAC).

60 These results demonstrate an attentional compensation mechanism that regulates cellul

61 be used to determine how animals work within attentional constraints and how environmental pressures

62 , phasic, transient cholinergic signaling in attentional contexts.

63 positive changes in key neural signatures of attentional control (frontal theta inter-trial coherence

64 cessing speed (g = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19-0.62), attentional control (g = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33-0.73), and m

65 IB with 39 matched HC underwent the Variable Attentional Control (VAC) task.

66 ngs reveal a critical shift around 10 y/o in attentional control and crossing decisions in a road cro

67 gs have important implications for models of attentional control and invite sensitivity to object siz

68 ate prefrontal cortex that subserve top-down attentional control and working memory.

69 sal area PITd, has been suggested as a third attentional control area.

70 ildren show similar to adult performance and attentional control in a visually guided task; in a natu

71 A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular a

72 These findings confirm that attentional control is necessary for an association betw

73 ange input balance, and the establishment of attentional control is poorly understood.

74 In moderation analyses, data showed that attentional control moderated the relationship between a

75 entional bias); and (b) to determine whether attentional control moderated this relationship.

76 itry in frontal cortex to implement top-down attentional control of sensory regions.

77 Models of action control assume that attentional control settings regulate the processing of

78 Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not

79 ptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in m

80 linergic receptors are critical to establish attentional control signals in the frontal eye field in

81 led that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even f

82 eficits in working memory, processing speed, attentional control, and metacognitive skills.

83 Given its role in attentional control, decision-making, and emotional regu

84 tivation of prefrontal regions important for attentional control, working memory, and cognitive flexi

85 SCZ and SIB from healthy controls (HC) using attentional control-dependent FC patterns, and to test t

86 ay, in particular action video game play, on attentional control.

87 d), also exhibits the defining properties of attentional control.

88 of parietal and frontal cortex as sources of attentional control.

89 n terms of other cognitive processes such as attentional control.

90 consistently reported along with deficits in attentional control.

91 CC), a brain region thought to contribute to attentional control.

92 In this posture, an attentional cue was presented inside or outside their oc

93 y exhibited greater behavioral benefits from attentional cues.

94 ients with schizophrenia exhibited a general attentional deficit and inefficient right-medial PFC act

95 relatively unaffected, suggesting a primary attentional deficit during acute abstinence.

96 ion is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunc

97 The mechanisms underpinning attentional deficits are only partially understood.

98 imentally reduced have been reported to show attentional deficits at locations unreachable by their e

99 ing inactivation, monkeys exhibited hallmark attentional deficits of neglect in tasks using either mo

100 al shifting in large than small objects when attentional demand was high.

101 This effect should increase with greater attentional demand.

102 of LC activity in accordance with changes in attentional demands, offering a mechanistic account for

103 al modulation of LC activity with changes in attentional demands, offering a possible mechanistic and

104 rum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by early attentional differences that often precede the hallmark

105 sed aetiologies: fluctuating cognition as an attentional disorder, as a consequence of loss of cholin

106 istractors characterizes a spectrum of human attentional disorders.

107 These results also question the attentional dominance of faces in active social scenes,

108 These results support an attentional drag theory, whereby attentional engagement

109 amplified to attractive faces, represent an attentional effect to facial salience rather than to the

110 st, a parietal alpha source was modulated by attentional effort, showing lowest alpha power when atte

111 otlight of attention" and the other reflects attentional effort.

112 ongside signals reflecting target selection, attentional engagement and motor output and examined the

113 Attentional engagement is known to be regulated by the l

114 support an attentional drag theory, whereby attentional engagement is prolonged when features change

115 Even when ASD children show attentional engagement to social content, our results su

116 er (ASD) is characterized partly by atypical attentional engagement, reflected in exaggerated and var

117 ediated by its effects on the EEG markers of attentional engagement, sensory processing and the varia

118 ddle frontal gyrus, a region associated with attentional engagement.

119 The amount of attentional enhancement depended upon neuronal physiolog

120 presynaptic activity was more determinant of attentional enhancement of communication efficacy than p

121 We further show that the attentional enhancement of phase coherence is positively

122 e analysis to assess this dissociation in an attentional/experiential blink paradigm.

123 We observed robust attentional facilitation of communication among these ci

124 eriments with different tasks to control for attentional factors.

125 d 100% of rested participants with 3 or more attentional failures (n = 57 of 151) were non-resilient

126 at 97% of rested participants with 2 or more attentional failures (n = 73 of 151) and 100% of rested

127 -sleep-loss phenotype based on the number of attentional failures on a 10-min visual psychomotor vigi

128 = 26 participants; non-resilient: 6 or more attentional failures, n = 125 participants).

129 en at 20 hours awake (resilient: less than 6 attentional failures, n = 26 participants; non-resilient

130 Our findings revealed signatures of attentional FC abnormalities shared by SCZ and SIB indiv

131 rall, our results identify a new pathway for attentional filtering and reveal its multiple roles in s

132 ion to background noise is unaffected by the attentional focus of the listener.

133 a increases in the hemisphere ipsilateral to attentional focus.

134 ring or distribution of the two individuals' attentional focus.

135 Moreover, by tracking gaze biases linked to attentional focusing in memory, we provide direct eviden

136 cies pervasiveness, stability, fidelity, and attentional funnelling in social learning.

137 ant impairments in motor (g = 0.39-0.48) and attentional (g = 0.55) inhibition, discounting (g = 0.66

138 Contrarily, the attentional gains occurred in the ROP patients who showe

139 attentional/arousal effect according to the attentional gate model.

140 ch memories are used to prepare for upcoming attentional goals.

141 Theories of attentional guidance hold that image features and task d

142 stronger coupling with visual cortex during attentional guidance.

143 One of these is your prior attentional history.

144 t hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which share attentional impairments as a feature.

145 However, LTMs self-reported lower attentional impulsivity, but higher motor and non-planni

146 d symptom severity is associated with higher attentional impulsivity, especially if there are additio

147 works-use disorder is mainly associated with attentional impulsivity.

148 from subjective and objective behavioral and attentional indices, as well as its neural reward system

149 tices were stronger in deeper laminae, while attentional influences were greatest at the surface.

150 g Disorder or in at-risk (problem) gambling: attentional inhibition, motor inhibition, discounting, d

151 lower Go/No-Go trial ratio) rather than for attentional interference processes.

152 cents, with timing and intensity impacted by attentional lapses regardless of experimentally shortene

153 ver, such parallel training may increase the attentional load of training and impair performance.

154 ns related to external stimulus and internal attentional manipulations.

155 Findings indicate that early attentional mechanisms for speech discrimination were ch

156 avior, providing insight into visuomotor and attentional mechanisms mediated by superior colliculus.

157 ndent profiles suggest that multisensory and attentional mechanisms regulate sensory processing via p

158 The experts relied on stronger preparatory attentional mechanisms when they processed contextual in

159 ing speed, potentially owing to compensatory attentional mechanisms.

160 esses specific to VWM or more general visual attentional mechanisms.

161 le-cell recordings from PITd revealed strong attentional modulation across 3 attention tasks yet no t

162 mechanism of attention and demonstrate that attentional modulation at the granular level depends on

163 ariation in the magnitude of the brainstem's attentional modulation between the different volunteers.

164 However, a mechanistic account of attentional modulation during fear-relevant processes, e

165 However, whether attentional modulation extended to unconscious processes

166 rimary regions, which although a hallmark of attentional modulation in human auditory cortex, has not

167 Together, these findings highlight attentional modulation of communication efficacy as a ge

168 ether a peripheral hearing loss degrades the attentional modulation of cortical speech tracking.

169 opposite signs of these effects suggest that attentional modulation of dynamic visual stimulation rel

170 In parallel, attentional modulation of neuronal firing rate is not un

171 us pain modulation system, manifested by the attentional modulation of pain ratings and enhanced pain

172 We document an attentional modulation of pre-stimulus inter-trial phase

173 Furthermore, we found that only the attentional modulation of the brainstem response to spee

174 interneurons have been proposed as a hub for attentional modulation of underlying cortex, but the tra

175 We found categorically different patterns of attentional modulation on fMRI activity in early visual

176 signals in the alpha band revealed additive attentional modulation patterns like those observed with

177 We further replicate this task-induced attentional modulation phenomenon in separate experiment

178 Hand crossing attenuated this attentional modulation predominantly over ipsilateral po

179 ere accompanied by marked reductions in fMRI attentional modulation that were strongest in a small re

180 s of information; content representation vs. attentional modulation) and one structural feature (anat

181 these normalization measures to measures of attentional modulation, we demonstrate that subpopulatio

182 k provides a parsimonious mechanism for this attentional modulation.

183 predicted that color categories would impact attentional modulation.

184 activity, as the LC plays a critical role in attentional modulation.

185 Instead, fMRI measures of attentional modulations are more closely linked with lat

186 used to index the same neural mechanisms of attentional modulations at different spatiotemporal scal

187 Here, we show that SC inactivation decreases attentional modulations in fSTS neurons by increasing th

188 tools to measure the location and timing of attentional modulations in visual cortex and are often u

189 arameters, we found differential patterns of attentional modulations of fMRI activity in early visual

190 EEG oscillations in the alpha band exhibited attentional modulations similar to those observed with f

191 ablish a causal link between these areas and attentional modulations, we used transcranial magnetic s

192 distribution of alpha specifically linked to attentional neglect for one side of space?

193 ing - and assessed its potential to train an attentional network in adolescents.

194 ext]] points and an increase in the conflict attentional network of 11.31 (95% CI: 6.05, 16.57) milli

195 r loop (ii) limbic system, and (iii) ventral attentional network.

196 ities, including working memory and conflict attentional network.

197 g clusters, with regions in sensorimotor and attentional networks exhibiting the greatest levels of o

198 activation promotes rapid shifts in cortical attentional networks following changes in environmental

199 t-MFG region may describe a dysregulation of attentional networks linked to the clinical expression o

200 er these two forms of salience interact with attentional networks through similar or different neural

201 eraction between subcortical and neocortical attentional networks would provide useful insight in fut

202 erception, from the auditory cortex, through attentional networks, to the motor system.

203 onnectivity with both canonical language and attentional networks.

204 's default network and its interactions with attentional networks.

205 mpatible with the view that covert and overt attentional orienting are guided by feedback projections

206 pha-band activity in parietal regions during attentional orienting in expectance of tactile stimulati

207 tended side of space is a reliable marker of attentional orienting in the healthy human brain: can th

208 physiological studies have demonstrated that attentional orienting is associated with activity in fro

209 t enhanced physical salience leads to faster attentional orienting, but value-driven salience to stro

210 nting, but value-driven salience to stronger attentional orienting, underscoring the utilization of d

211 physical-salience targets, indicating faster attentional orienting.

212 nd event-related potentials, focusing on the attentional-orienting-sensitive N2pc event-related poten

213 VS impaired attentional performance in the sustained attention task

214 s clarify why Chrna5 is required for optimal attentional performance under demanding conditions.

215 entially improve personalized predictions of attentional performance when sleep deprivation cannot be

216 Novel attentional pooling is introduced here for learning dise

217 introduces a new measure of social/nonsocial attentional preference in ASD and demonstrates the value

218 ive Average Look Duration (RALD), indicating attentional preference to different stimuli, such as soc

219 nistic interventions designed to modify such attentional preferences.

220 st-stimulus), but it is unknown whether this attentional prioritization is sustained throughout later

221 r information about object properties, as an attentional priority map.

222 d with poor oxygenation are risk factors for attentional problems in childhood and may show interacti

223 ons likely linking visual, phonological, and attentional processes for written language.

224 ute to a better understanding of the role of attentional processes in and the robustness of visuomoto

225 ural variability is a fundamental feature of attentional processes in humans with clear behavioral im

226 been increasing interest in studying visual attentional processes under more natural conditions.

227 emerging role of theta band connectivity in attentional processes(5,6), we examined the theta power

228 ng, (c) can possibly be compensated by later attentional processes, (d) thus leading to normal MSI at

229 ect is not simply attributable to visual and attentional processes.

230 nticipatory mechanisms that modulate frontal attentional processes.

231 ociated cognitive anomalies, particularly in attentional processes.

232 t the operation regime of these areas during attentional processing and working memory and resolve co

233 age triggers neuroplastic adaptation of the attentional processing system.

234 uch as the prefrontal cortex are critical to attentional processing, but far less is understood regar

235 cal window of interest for cue detection and attentional processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The alpha5

236 hypothesis that these areas are sensitive to attentional, rather than reward properties of faces.

237 e of the spouse might establish synchrony in attentional regulation mechanisms toward socially releva

238 constant energy supply, which thus requires attentional regulation.

239 cts delayed, supramodal processes related to attentional reorienting.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Localizin

240 The learned attentional representation is subsequently fed through a

241 mined how demands associated with changes in attentional requirements in a Sustained Attention Task (

242 der of patient acuity mitigated attrition in attentional reserves when compared with the traditional

243 ive control abilities, and our surrogate for attentional reserves.

244 signal task testing was used as a proxy for attentional reserves.

245 of their sensory modality, they may allocate attentional resources and encode the probability of even

246 s, however little is known about how limited attentional resources are distributed during real-world

247 In everyday social environments, demands on attentional resources dynamically shift to balance our a

248 tation effects shows that the brain controls attentional resources interactively across the senses bu

249 oimaging study shows that the brain controls attentional resources interactively across the senses vi

250 In line with a hypothesis of limited attentional resources, the modulation of neural activity

251 unding in the ICU can tax clinicians' finite attentional resources.

252 and exteroception or modulations of general attentional resources.

253 t and had objectively greater behavioral and attentional salience, regulating speed of simple color d

254 gs show that electrophysiological markers of attentional selection and memory maintenance not only tr

255 These data suggest that attentional selection automatically operates at an objec

256 ion is clear, the effect of inferred size on attentional selection is ill-defined.

257 Attentional selection mechanisms in visual cortex involv

258 w findings providing unique evidence for the attentional selection of salient auditory features.

259 PITd stimulation controlled the location of attentional selection without altering feature discrimin

260 This allocation occurred as early as attentional selection, as indicated by the N2pc.

261 s physical salience accelerates the speed of attentional selection, value-driven salience selectively

262 novel formulation of precision filtering and attentional selection, which explains why some lower-lev

263 on selection, perceptual categorization, and attentional selection.

264 n enhance their salience, facilitating their attentional selection.

265 e of a target improve behavioral measures of attentional selection.

266 ntion state and predicted upcoming errors of attentional selection.

267 are not necessarily associated with degraded attentional selection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT People with

268 , yet with advancing age, deficits emerge in attentional selectivity.

269 Attentional set-shifting was significantly related to fu

270 ning, cognitive flexibility and specifically attentional set-shifting.

271 In addition, attentional-set representations were prominent throughou

272 Also, the strength of attentional sets was related to target representations e

273 nt representations predict performance, with attentional settings emerging as a strong and consistent

274 ferred to be small than large, with costlier attentional shifting in large than small objects when at

275 orthcoming shift in attention or reinforcing attentional shifts that have previously occurred.

276 d attention function, generalizes to predict attentional state from data collected across minutes, da

277 Participants' judgments of the attentional state of the faces was significantly altered

278 ese results demonstrate that fluctuations in attentional state reflect variability in the same functi

279 s are heavily modulated by factors including attentional state, context, reward history, motor prepar

280 n individual to an object, to help represent attentional state.

281 ide a clocking mechanism for two alternating attentional states that are associated with either engag

282 nctional connectivity signatures of stronger attentional states when awake than when under deep sedat

283 , we often use past experiences to guide our attentional states.

284 identify networks that relate to particular attentional states.

285 ported by neural preparation for anticipated attentional states.

286 regions contained information about upcoming attentional states.

287 putational predictions of each participant's attentional strategies during learning, we find that tha

288 hat their mechanisms extend to the domain of attentional switching.

289 y, indicative of a flexible and multisensory attentional system that underlies our conscious visual e

290 ess suppressed in older adults in for higher attentional task demands, and the level of suppression c

291 e first to evaluate whether, under different attentional task demands, individuals with ASD exhibit a

292 Performance on an additional attentional task showed that this rTMS on the parietal s

293 o the neural mechanisms that support complex attentional templates.

294 SD constructs, including threat learning and attentional threat bias.

295 Subjects performed a visual attentional tracking task immediately after rTMS, and th

296 Confidence judgments revealed that attentional trust boosting, and its cardiac modulation,

297 and demonstrates the value of incorporating attentional variables measured simultaneously with EEG i

298 mplete information about a person's relative attentional vulnerability to total sleep deprivation.

299 used for classifying participants' relative attentional vulnerability to total sleep deprivation.

300 gnals, including selection of an appropriate attentional 'zoom'.