ライフサイエンスコーパス: avian influenza

1 th most strains, including highly pathogenic avian influenza.

2 Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus are frequently fatal but

3 fluenza A (H1N1) virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus induce expression of tumo

4 Avian influenza A H5N1 viruses have caused many, typical

5 Avian influenza A H7 viruses have caused multiple outbre

6 In the years prior to 2013, avian influenza A H7 viruses were a cause of significant

7 The avian influenza A H7N9 virus has caused infections in hu

8 The potential role of wild mammals in avian influenza A virus (IAV) transmission cycles has re

9 these results suggest that PB1-F2 from H7N9 avian influenza A virus may be a major contributory fact

10 Avian influenza A virus polymerases typically do not fun

11 he localization of PB2 of human from that of avian influenza A virus strains.

12 During 2013, three new avian influenza A virus subtypes, A(H7N9), A(H6N1), and

13 ted for cases of human infection by emerging avian influenza A virus subtypes, including H7N9 and H10

14 blish a new lineage in the human population, avian influenza A viruses (AIV) must overcome the intrac

15 RNA polymerases of avian influenza A viruses (FluPolA) replicate viral RNA

16 Avian influenza A viruses (IAV) of the H9N2 subtype have

17 e should be continued.IMPORTANCE Subtype H10 avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) have caused sporadic hu

18 Avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) naturally infect differ

19 Ducks are the natural host of avian influenza A viruses and display few or no disease

20 ed this platform using different subtypes of avian influenza A viruses and human samples with respira

21 ly bind alpha2,6-linked sialic acids whereas avian influenza A viruses bind alpha2,3-linked sialic ac

22 Avian influenza A viruses have gained increasing attenti

23 genesis and tropism.IMPORTANCE Many zoonotic avian influenza A viruses have successfully crossed the

24 necessary for introduction and adaptation of avian influenza A viruses to mammalian hosts is importan

25 the introduction and subsequent spread of an avian influenza A(H10N7) virus among harbor seals of nor

26 that it was most closely related to various avian influenza A(H10N7) viruses.

27 igenic features related to low pathogenicity avian influenza A(H3N2) viruses and were distinct from A

28 equences of representative highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses from Vietnam were generate

29 after the emergence of human infections with avian influenza A(H5N1) and has evolved over time, with

30 he immunogenicity and protective efficacy of avian influenza A(H5N1) vaccine.

31 estigated 2 human cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection, detected throug

32 tation and reassortment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses at the animal-human inte

33 inct phenotypes.IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses have circulated continuo

34 llowing exposure to the European reassortant avian influenza A(H5N6) is unknown.

35 Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) viruses first emerged in China i

36 in influenza CVVs.IMPORTANCE The circulating avian influenza A(H7N9) has caused recurrent epidemic wa

37 rly 2013, >440 human cases of infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) have been reported including 122

38 The fatality of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection in humans was over 30%

39 Human infections by avian influenza A(H7N9) virus entail substantial morbidi

40 c influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) and avian influenza A(H7N9) virus hemagglutinins (HAs) despi

41 Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus is associated mainly with

42 hina in April 2013 of human illnesses due to avian influenza A(H7N9) virus provided reason for US pub

43 Human infections with the avian influenza A(H7N9) virus were first reported in Chi

44 Human infections caused by avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses have raised concerns of

45 Low-pathogenicity avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses, enzootic in poultry pop

46 from human influenza A/NT/60/1968 (H3N2) and avian influenza A/duck/Fujian/01/2002 (H5N1) viruses at

47 infections with clade 2.1 highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus have been reported, associa

48 Almost 700 cases of human infection with avian influenza A/H7N9 have been reported since 2013.

49 Avian influenza (AI) affects wild aquatic birds and pose

50 ghly pathogenic (HP) and low-pathogenic (LP) avian influenza (AI) H5N2 and H7N1 were investigated dur

51 Avian Influenza (AI) is a complex but still poorly under

52 resolution (cell size: 500m x 500m) maps for Avian Influenza (AI) suitability in each of the four Nor

53 Seropositivity to avian influenza (AI) via low-level antibody titers has b

54 is known about changes in host adaptation of avian influenza (AI) viruses in birds after long-term ci

55 es are considered to be the natural hosts of Avian Influenza (AI), and are presumed to pose one of th

56 oultry, human exposure to and infection with avian influenza becomes more common.

57 (CEFs) for studies on avian viruses such as avian influenza but no comprehensive study has as yet be

58 s chimeric vaccines based on the most common avian influenza H5 and human influenza H1 sequences.

59 d approach was to select a low-pathogenicity avian influenza H5 virus that elicited antibodies that c

60 method to the analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade data in the Mekong region.

61 used the ferret model to address this for an avian influenza H5N1 vaccine.

62 The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses has raised concerns about t

63 Clade 2.2.2.1 highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses were isolated from the case

64 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses.

65 H1N1 pandemic (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses.

66 fluenza (pdmH1N1) virus or highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus elicits robust, cross-react

67 Since May 2014, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N6 virus has been reported to cause si

68 Recently, novel highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses (clade 2.3.4.4) caused outb

69 An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N7 virus in Italy during 2013 resulted

70 Human infections with avian influenza H7N9 or H10N8 viruses have been reported

71 lly infected or immunized animals.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza H7N9 viruses circulating in poultry and

72 n a heightened threat for poultry.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza H7N9 viruses have been causing disease o

73 ORTANCE The potential pandemic risk posed by avian influenza H7N9 viruses was heightened during the f

74 up to 90% mortality in humans, whereas H5N1 avian influenza has a 60% fatality rate.

75 de 2.3.4.4 CVVs.IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses have circulated con

76 nciliated cells, whereas a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus primarily infected

77 outbreaks of newly found, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses have been reporte

78 tions and the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H7N9) strains in human cases.

79 The H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) clade 2.3.4.4 virus spread to Nor

80 In 2015, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses have caused outbreaks

81 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses, of the A/goose/Guangd

82 ly, a human isolate of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus successfully propagate

83 The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses continue to circulat

84 uses in mammals.IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses continue to evolve i

85 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses.

86 cedented 2015 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2 in the U.S. devastated its p

87 Emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in Asia and its spread

88 A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus, first detected in Jan

89 m infected during the 2013 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N7 epidemic in Italy to unravel

90 With the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N9 and H5N1 strains, there is a

91 Novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N9 viruses of the fifth epidemi

92 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) has recently (2014-2015) re-emerg

93 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a devastating disease of poult

94 evolutionary dynamics of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strain during a naturally occurri

95 An H7N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and an H7N8 low-pathogenic

96 Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H7N3 have been occu

97 tbreak of clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus that occurred in the United

98 Eurasian clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus.

99 nd mortality annually, and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses along with other emerging

100 2016, the presence of H7N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses and closely related H7N8

101 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses are enzootic in wild bird

102 ental spread of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the A/goose/Guangdong/

103 in poultry.IMPORTANCE H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the A/goose/Guangdong/

104 The spread of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the Gs/GD lineage by m

105 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5 A/goose/Guangdo

106 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype are e

107 Infections with H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses remain a major public hea

108 the potential to mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses, but such viruses' origin

109 tion, and the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses.

110 tect poultry against H5N1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI).

111 long-distance carriers of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).

112 as to reduce the risk of future epidemics of avian influenza in China.

113 on the seasonality of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the domestic poultry population of Vi

114 elded 10 (6.7%) additional highly pathogenic avian influenza isolates (H5N8 = 3 and H5N2 = 7).

115 In December 2016, a low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H7N2) virus was identified to b

116 Here, several human low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) and HPAI H7N9 virus isolates from

117 s to use suitability maps for Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) to identify areas at high risk fo

118 rus or rg-generated PWT/06 low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus seed strains protected chic

119 enza (HPAI) virus and an H7N8 low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus were recently isolated from

120 we explore the circulation of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses in wild birds and poultry

121 Introductions of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 int

122 uses and closely related H7N8 low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses was confirmed in commerci

123 man H1N1 and H3N2 viruses and low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses.

124 Avian influenza outbreaks have been occurring on smallho

125 with seasonal variation in the incidence of avian influenza outbreaks in the North of the country, t

126 The potential avian influenza pandemic remains a threat to public heal

127 However, detailed mechanisms underlying avian influenza pathogenicity are still undetermined.

128 an Anp32 proteins to overcome restriction of avian influenza polymerases in human cells.

129 of infectious bronchitis, Newcastle disease, avian influenza, porcine reproductive and respiratory sy

130 We found that an H9N2 avian influenza reassortant virus bearing a human-origin

131 The highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 (HPAI H5N1) is a worldwide

132 y was initiated to conduct highly pathogenic avian influenza surveillance in wild birds in the Pacifi

133 al profiles in individuals who received H5N1 avian influenza vaccine administered with MF59, with alu

134 should be taken into consideration in future avian influenza vaccine trials.

135 ans, the immune correlates of protection for avian influenza vaccines cannot be determined from clini

136 Avian influenza vaccines exhibit poor immunogenicity in

137 Previous priming with avian influenza vaccines results in more rapid and more

138 udies, chickens immunized with any of the H5 avian influenza vaccines were protected against A/chicke

139 ement of the human-origin PA gene segment in avian influenza virus (AIV) could overcome barriers to c

140 Vs in fruit bats and serological evidence of avian influenza virus (AIV) H9 infection in frugivorous

141 H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has an extended host range,

142 arly diagnosis of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) is significant for preventin

143 Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 attracts partic

144 ve bird markets (LBMs) are major targets for avian influenza virus (AIV) surveillance programmes.

145 RNA oligonucleotide sequences related to the avian influenza virus (AIV) type H5N1.

146 tion of oligonucleotide sequences related to avian influenza virus (AIV) type H5N1.

147 fy an interaction between specific CHIRs and avian influenza virus (AIV).

148 experienced several recent highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) epizootics.

149 e sustained circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 A/goose/Guangdong/199

150 The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 A/goose/Guangdong/199

151 hown to be associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 outbreaks in South-Ea

152 major policies to control highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infections in chickens.

153 on of the H5 HA of an H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), A/Vietnam/1203/04 (VN1203

154 ctural analysis.IMPORTANCE Low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) subtypes can reassort with

155 t HA head glycosylation of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) subtypes.

156 sence of a copathogen such as low-pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV).

157 Our data provide a glimpse into avian influenza virus adaptation in mammals, with broad

158 rase genes are known to play a major role in avian influenza virus adaptation to mammalian hosts.

159 ential for reassortment of H1N1 viruses with avian influenza virus and emphasize the need for continu

160 zed human sera against the tl/TX/079/07 H3N8 avian influenza virus and observed low but detectable an

161 A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus belonging to the H5 clade 2.3.4.4

162 H7N9 avian influenza virus causes severe infections and might

163 etically distinct, this virus shares several avian influenza virus characteristics suggesting a more

164 suggest that the Eurasian H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza virus emerged in late 2013 in China, spr

165 However, information on avian influenza virus evolution and transmission during

166 hile M2 has previously been shown to protect avian influenza virus HA proteins of the H5 and H7 subty

167 protein has previously been shown to protect avian influenza virus HA proteins that contain a polybas

168 nuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) expressing avian influenza virus hemagglutinins (HAs) prime for str

169 an AS03-adjuvanted versus nonadjuvanted H5N1 avian influenza virus inactivated vaccine.

170 negative regulatory signals during modified avian influenza virus infection.

171 se of the pathogenicity and low incidence of avian influenza virus infections in humans, the immune c

172 severe and prolonged disease associated with avian influenza virus infections in humans.

173 ary endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of avian influenza virus infections is largely unknown.

174 H9N2 avian influenza virus is a major cause of poultry produc

175 These results imply that when an avian influenza virus jumps the species barrier from bir

176 mpletely mapping amino-acid mutations to the avian influenza virus polymerase protein PB2 that enhanc

177 Avian influenza virus polymerases function poorly in mam

178 Avian influenza virus reassortants resembling the 1918 h

179 avian-origin influenza virus polymerases and avian influenza virus replication.

180 the possible role of PAM in the mediation of avian influenza virus resistance, we compared the host e

181 nly 1918 PB2 impacts the pathogenicity of an avian influenza virus sharing high homology to the 1918

182 Influenza A(H5N1) virus and other avian influenza virus strains represent major pandemic t

183 pendent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against avian influenza virus subtypes, including H7N9 and H5N1,

184 Our results can inform better avian influenza virus surveillance efforts as well as co

185 the acquisition of the NS segment of an H5N1 avian influenza virus that had previously been overlooke

186 ution PB2-A588V may be a new strategy for an avian influenza virus to adapt mammalian hosts.

187 use in the event of transmission of an H3N8 avian influenza virus to humans.

188 for HA conformational change, may facilitate avian influenza virus transmission via respiratory dropl

189 ild birds were sampled and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in 1.3% (n = 63).

190 14, a Eurasian strain H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in poultry in Canada.

191 A novel avian influenza virus, influenza A(H7N9), emerged in Chi

192 nction (GOF) research with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome

193 ry T cell numbers were decreased in modified avian influenza virus-infected mice.

194 In avian influenza virus-infected patients, the host immune

195 well as therapeutic treatments of HPAI H7N7 avian influenza virus.

196 ls to effectively control a modified form of avian influenza virus.

197 during human infection with pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus.

198 vaccine is urgently needed against the H7N9 avian influenza virus.

199 ns, the avian protozoan Eimeria tenella, and avian influenza virus.

200 h the severity of infection with seasonal or avian influenza virus.

201 focus of surveillance activities monitoring avian influenza viruses (AIV) circulating in poultry.

202 d, quantitative, and label-free detection of avian influenza viruses (AIV) H5N1.

203 olution to understand virulence evolution in avian influenza viruses (AIV).

204 Novel reassortants of H7N9, H10N8, and H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are currently circulating

205 Several subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are emerging as novel hum

206 Our surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) at Delaware Bay, USA, rev

207 ces can result in variable susceptibility of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) carrying resistance-assoc

208 H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate in poultry thro

209 H7N9 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) continue to evolve and re

210 TANCE The frequency of human infections with avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has increased in recent y

211 viously found during OS and ZAN selection in avian influenza viruses (AIVs) of the N3 to N9 subtypes

212 Phylogenetic analysis of these two novel avian influenza viruses (AIVs) suggested that their geno

213 he best way to predict and identify emerging avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that pose a potential thr

214 ) against several NAs of wild-type human and avian influenza viruses (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9), al

215 Low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) are genetically highly

216 H5 and H7 subtypes of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) can mutate to highly pa

217 r role in the epidemiology of low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs), which are occasionally

218 ion and poultry adaptation of H9N2 and other avian influenza viruses and helps us understand the stri

219 response to the continuing evolution of H5N1 avian influenza viruses and human infections, new candid

220 early apoptosis of PAM limits the spread of avian influenza viruses and that PB1-F2 could play a con

221 the innate and adaptive immune responses to avian influenza viruses and their role in disease and re

222 Human infections with avian influenza viruses are a serious public health conc

223 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are associated with severe disea

224 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are associated with severe disea

225 hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses are capable of crossing the spec

226 A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) avian influenza viruses are enzootic in Egyptian poultry

227 H9N2 avian influenza viruses are enzootic in poultry across A

228 Although most avian influenza viruses are harmless for humans, some (s

229 etween antigenic drift and viral fitness for avian influenza viruses as well as the challenges of pre

230 lication of and immune response to human and avian influenza viruses at relevant physiological temper

231 d ecology of viruses in this host.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses can jump from wild birds and pou

232 Avian influenza viruses continue to evolve and acquire m

233 Pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza viruses continue to represent a public h

234 In 2017, low-pathogenicity H7N9 avian influenza viruses evolved to a high-pathogenicity

235 We found that the H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses exhibited high virulence in mice

236 s utility for monitoring the evolution of H9 avian influenza viruses from China between 2005 and 2015

237 Our results indicate that the H7N8 avian influenza viruses from Indiana are able to replica

238 We showed that the H9N2 avian influenza viruses harboring 190V in the HA exhibit

239 of-function' experiments on high-consequence avian influenza viruses has highlighted the role of ferr

240 enetic clades, while reassortment with other avian influenza viruses has led to the emergence of new

241 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused outbreaks among poul

242 Notably, certain avian influenza viruses have evolved to escape this rest

243 Active surveillance of avian influenza viruses in Bangladeshi live poultry mark

244 nfections in humans, as well as detection of avian influenza viruses in birds in the United States.

245 s of numerous outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in commercial poultry farms.

246 gated serological profiles against human and avian influenza viruses in the general population using

247 estrict the emergence and perpetuation of HP avian influenza viruses in these natural reservoirs.

248 The number of humans infected with avian influenza viruses is increasing, raising concerns

249 cate that the number of humans infected with avian influenza viruses is much larger than the number o

250 sence of an aspartic acid in over 95% of all avian influenza viruses is not, resulting in a clear dis

251 Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) proteins from avian influenza viruses like the 1918 pandemic NS1 are c

252 Vaccines against H7 avian influenza viruses may be more effective than HI an

253 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses must acquire mutations to overco

254 Avian influenza viruses need several adaptive mutations

255 Avian influenza viruses occasionally infect and adapt to

256 ncern in Bangladesh, where highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the A(H5N1) subtype are endem

257 Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype have been tr

258 Avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype pose a serio

259 Avian influenza viruses of the H7 hemagglutinin (HA) sub

260 on of human influenza virus strains, whereas avian influenza viruses overcome these restriction facto

261 ction for prepandemic vaccines.IMPORTANCE H7 avian influenza viruses present a serious risk to human

262 Human and avian influenza viruses recognize different sialic acid-

263 easing, raising concerns of the emergence of avian influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase (NA)

264 Recurring reports of avian influenza viruses severely affecting humans have s

265 Avian influenza viruses that cause infection and are tra

266 influenza viruses and for highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses that circulate in poultry, but m

267 Antigenically novel avian influenza viruses that infect and cause disease in

268 We analyzed the adaptation of avian influenza viruses to a mammalian host by passaging

269 t insight into the potential for emerging H7 avian influenza viruses to acquire the ability to cause

270 The inability of avian influenza viruses to effectively bind human-like s

271 s use of the codon usage biases of human and avian influenza viruses to generate a human-derived infl

272 NAI resistance among specific NA subtypes of avian influenza viruses to help guide clinical managemen

273 Furthermore, regular transmission of avian influenza viruses to humans increases the risk of

274 between antigenic drift and the potential of avian influenza viruses to infect humans.

275 In contrast, selected avian influenza viruses were able to escape IFITM3 restr

276 lobal concern persists that these or similar avian influenza viruses will evolve into viruses that ca

277 humans, some (such as highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses) are capable of infecting humans

278 Avian influenza viruses, including H5N1 and H7N9, have b

279 We found that a subset of avian influenza viruses, including potentially pandemic

280 lly bind the hemagglutinin (HA) of human and avian influenza viruses, respectively, were detected on

281 Avian influenza viruses, such as A(H5N1) and A(H7N9), ar

282 r zoonotic and pandemic emergence.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses, such as H9N2, cause disease in

283 hical range seen in these viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses, such as H9N2, cause huge econom

284 omparing human seasonal influenza strains to avian influenza viruses, we provide greater insight into

285 ring therapeutic protection against human or avian influenza viruses.

286 at human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

287 redict the pandemic potential of circulating avian influenza viruses.

288 thought to potentiate antigenic diversity in avian influenza viruses.

289 clear distinction between human-adapted and avian influenza viruses.

290 ltry farms in northwest Iowa for exposure to avian influenza viruses.

291 s virus can also reassort with H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses.

292 the assessment of the pandemic potential of avian influenza viruses.

293 PAI viruses and cocirculating low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

294 with activity against highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses.

295 hanisms of the differential pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses.

296 ent barrier against zoonotic transmission of avian influenza viruses.

297 ection with both low- and high-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses.

298 ght confer heterosubtypic protection against avian influenza viruses.

299 t commonly considered intermediate hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza virus

300 ters were estimated for high pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, which agree with previous findings.