ライフサイエンスコーパス: axon collateral

1 main axon that gave forth 1-12 local primary axon collaterals.

2 sive positive feedback mediated by recurrent axon collaterals.

3 pses on neighboring striatal neurons through axon collaterals.

4 ous motor-related information to the GPe via axon collaterals.

5 lso directly inhibit granule cells via their axon collaterals.

6 ut instead promote the extension of specific axon collaterals.

7 latter also sending extensive extra-striatal axon collaterals.

8 gic inhibition: striatal afferents and local axon collaterals.

9 diated transmission and intact Purkinje cell axon collaterals.

10 rebellar cortex, where they sprout exuberant axon collaterals.

11 ugh antidromic activation of corticostriatal axon collaterals.

12 fered from that of STN neurons without local axon collaterals.

13 suggest a different role for the spiny cell axon collaterals.

14 ates for this aberrant excitation: recurrent axon collaterals, abnormal basal dendrites, and mossy fi

15 ces the ability of undamaged neurons to form axon collaterals after brain damage.

16 halic trigeminal jaw-muscle spindle afferent axon collaterals and boutons were predominantly distribu

17 in slices, we demonstrate that intracortical axon collaterals and en passant presynaptic terminals of

18 r spatiotemporal synchronization, widespread axon collaterals and feed-back/feed-forward mechanisms,

19 Both types possessed local axon collaterals and flat dendritic fields oriented para

20 including cholinergic C-terminals and motor axon collaterals and glutamatergic terminals that expres

21 rast IPSCs in spiny neurons originating from axon collaterals and interneurons.

22 similar to that of STN neurons without local axon collaterals and more generally to that of classical

23 n owing to the properties of Kv1 channels in axon collaterals and presynaptic boutons.

24 ws the falling phase of action potentials in axon collaterals and presynaptic boutons.

25 to determine the spatial organization of the axon collaterals and principal axon projections furnishe

26 nalysis of the relationship between Mauthner axon collaterals and spinal neurons revealed that there

27 ntracellularly stained mossy cells, in which axon collaterals and synaptic targets were examined in s

28 and for the long-term changes, sprouting of axon collaterals and synaptogenesis.

29 ls, surprisingly little is known about their axon collaterals and their target neurons within the cer

30 correlate with changes in dendritic branch, axon collateral, and synapse numbers.

31 Motor axon collaterals appear to enter both cutaneous and musc

32 Recurrent axon collaterals are a major means of communication betw

33 cortex to determine whether early developing axon collaterals are formed specifically in the correct

34 Central axon collaterals are found in subsets of primaries based

35 n in slice preparation where many inhibitory axon collaterals are lost.

36 visual cortical neurons at the time when CST axon collaterals are stereotypically pruned.

37 o attain specific connections, some of their axon collaterals are subsequently pruned-a process calle

38 ical properties and functions of their local axon collaterals are unknown.

39 sing neurons, and mapped the distribution of axon collaterals arising from projection-defined GLP1 ne

40 amined the synaptic targets of the intrinsic axon collaterals arising from supragranular pyramidal ne

41 o evidence of L1 immunoreactivity on retinal axon collaterals as they defasciculate from the optic tr

42 cholinergic PPN neurons emit extensive local axon collaterals (as well as long-range projections), an

43 proximal to the repair site increased motor axon collaterals at least fivefold and significantly inc

44 In this course, the fibers gave off axon collaterals bearing varicosities in the trigeminal

45 nce visual processing because elimination of axon collateral-bearing ipRGCs impairs light adaptation

46 nd ADF exert a dynamic regulatory control on axon collateral branch initiation and may underly the ne

47 Axon collateral branches are established through a serie

48 We now report that the growth of axon collateral branches can occur independent of microt

49 rtex, pyramidal excitatory neurons elaborate axon collateral branches in a laminar-specific manner th

50 The sprouting of axon collateral branches is important in the establishme

51 infusion resulted in increased corticospinal axon collateral branches with presynaptic puncta in the

52 je and basket neurons caused abnormal basket axon collateral branching and targeting to Purkinje soma

53 Axon collateral branching is initiated by the elaboratio

54 roscopy, we show that AnkB440 also modulates axon collateral branching stochastically by reducing the

55 ted formin, Fmn2, is a critical regulator of axon collateral branching.

56 al area 9 and examined the labeled intrinsic axon collaterals by electron microscopy.

57 Two distinct types of axon collateral connections could be distinguished among

58 ther cortical areas, whereas their intrinsic axon collaterals course through the gray matter and form

59 The number of such aberrant motor axon collaterals decreased over time in some repair grou

60 at the pruning of visual, but not motor, CST axon collaterals depends on plexin-A3, plexin-A4, and ne

61 These results suggest that newly sprouted axon collaterals do not preferentially innervate functio

62 th compete and cooperate through their local axon collaterals during cortical input processing.

63 T-3 promotes precocious development of short axon collaterals endowed with focal arbors along the sid

64 Axon collaterals extend a given neuron's range by distri

65 ricose dendrites, and dense, highly varicose axon collateral fields.

66 ion as well as follow spike propagation into axon collaterals for each action potential initiated on

67 revealed distinct and often extensive spinal axon collaterals for the different cell types.

68 copic analysis, we also show that visual CST axon collaterals form synaptic contacts in the spinal co

69 ry, we found that infrapyramidal mossy fiber axon collaterals form transient synaptic complexes with

70 of CRE sequence-containing plasmids enhanced axon collateral formation (both number and length) as co

71 teins may function as positive regulators of axon collateral formation during the establishment or re

72 mpartments enable the spatial specificity of axon collateral formation.

73 Newly sprouting axon collaterals formed synaptic connections with spinal

74 ition of synaptic transmission was larger at axon collaterals from iMSNs than their projections to th

75 must exist to allow selective elimination of axon collaterals from incorrect layers.

76 rtex (PFC), horizontally oriented, intrinsic axon collaterals from supragranular pyramidal neurons fo

77 erhaps GABAB, receptors, and were excited by axon collaterals from thalamocortical cells.

78 ng established this innervation's origin via axon collaterals from the mesostriatal pathway.

79 purine nucleoside, has been shown to promote axon collateral growth in the corticospinal tract (CST)

80 spartate, an NMDAR agonist, onto basket cell axon collaterals had no effect on evoked IPSCs measured

81 Most neurons in the IC have local axon collaterals; however, the organization and function

82 Axon collaterals in lamina VI formed synapses with somat

83 tino-MGN projections develop by sprouting of axon collaterals in response to signals arising from the

84 sities and axonal extensions were present on axon collaterals in the cell layer and in the apical den

85 contralateral branches of these bifurcating axon collaterals in the chicken by antidromic stimulatio

86 IFICANCE STATEMENT Functional roles of local axon collaterals in the external globus pallidus (GPe) h

87 ervated by centrifugal or mitral/tufted cell axon collaterals in the GCL and that these inputs may co

88 STD and sparse connectivity, local GABAergic axon collaterals in the GP may echo the changes in presy

89 Cs), and Purkinje cell (PC) synapses made by axon collaterals in the granular layer, are both enriche

90 s and cell bodies labeled by transport along axon collaterals in the gray matter formed intrinsic clu

91 terneurons enlarge, extend dendrites, sprout axon collaterals in the molecular layer, and form new sy

92 rons resembled dentate granule cells but had axon collaterals in the molecular layer, significantly l

93 is required for stereotyped pruning of long axon collaterals in the vertebrate CNS; however, a cellu

94 s propagated faithfully through the axon and axon collaterals, in a saltatory manner.

95 piny projection neurons with extensive local axon collaterals innervating principally other spiny pro

96 ted over the dendrites makes the motoneurone axon collateral input susceptible to inhibition by the p

97 20, about one-half of the cells had extended axon collaterals into layer 5 or higher, and these alrea

98 n their proximal dendrites, and project more axon collaterals into the CA3 region.

99 reotyped pruning of the visual and motor CST axon collaterals is differentially regulated and that th

100 potentials, and how they conduct into local axon collaterals, is important for understanding local a

101 The number of motor axon collaterals maintained entirely within cutaneous or

102 e three lines of evidence showing that these axon collaterals make connections with upstream dopamine

103 ) fluorescence microscopy reveals that ipRGC axon collaterals make putative presynaptic contact with

104 The existence and function of a substantial axon collateral network, also arising from PNs and remai

105 Specifically, Area X projects to the VP via axon collaterals of Area X output neurons that also proj

106 Sprouted axon collaterals of biocytin-filled granule cells projec

107 he terminals contributed by the intranuclear axon collaterals of BL projection cells established syna

108 ins, including a significant contingent from axon collaterals of direct and indirect pathway projecti

109 Moreover, optogenetic stimulation of axon collaterals of double-projecting vCA1 neurons induc

110 adjacent to the medial lobes, which receive axon collaterals of efferent neurons.

111 he aim was to assess the morphology of local axon collaterals of electrophysiologically identified MS

112 These fibers may represent axon collaterals of ganglion cells.

113 roscopy, and synaptic arrangements formed by axon collaterals of interneurons and synapses formed wit

114 t anatomical and physiological evidence that axon collaterals of ipRGCs constitute a centrifugal path

115 The collective axon collaterals of labeled neurons entered the spinal c

116 The latter result demonstrates that axon collaterals of lumbar-projecting RVLM neurons proje

117 microscopy (LSFM), we mapped the brain-wide axon collaterals of populations of mPFC neurons that pro

118 e that the prevalent target of the intrinsic axon collaterals of projection cells depend on the rostr

119 dulated by feedback inhibition initiated via axon collaterals of pyramidal cells.

120 izontal connections, formed primarily by the axon collaterals of pyramidal neurons in layer 2/3 of vi

121 atch domains made by the laterally spreading axon collaterals of pyramidal neurons within the superfi

122 ACh that is released locally, presumably via axon collaterals of septohippocampal cholinergic neurons

123 apses are GABAergic, the latter arising from axon collaterals of spiny projection neurons and from GA

124 d lateral inhibitory network mediated by the axon collaterals of spiny projection neurons.

125 In this study, we show that feedback via axon collaterals of substantia nigra projection neurons

126 J In monkey prefrontal cortex, the intrinsic axon collaterals of supragranular pyramidal neurons exte

127 All cell types possessed axon collaterals of the en passant type, and some in add

128 Branching of the primary axon collaterals of the fast-spiking and type I burst-fi

129 me, described the main features of the local axon collaterals of the five neuron types.

130 Axon collaterals of these cells formed elaborate arbors

131 that expressed reporters to fully label the axon collaterals of transduced GLP1 neurons.

132 generated in the somata and axons, including axon collaterals, of somatostatin-expressing interneuron

133 ynapses onto GC proximal dendrites via their axon collaterals or terminals in the internal plexiform

134 vate multiple targets by sprouting secondary axon collaterals (or branches) from a primary axon shaft

135 Purkinje Nfasc is required for proper basket axon collateral outgrowth and targeting to Purkinje soma

136 orted both tracers, indicating that they had axon collaterals passing through or terminating within t

137 d that there was a decrease in the number of axon collaterals per Mauthner axon in mutant larvae comp

138 We found that Purkinje cell axon collaterals projected asymmetrically in the sagitta

139 The sprouted axon collaterals projected into the supragranular region

140 jections into the dDON consisted of multiple axon collaterals projecting to numerous sites along the

141 e find that Fmn2 regulates the initiation of axon collateral protrusions in chick spinal neurons and

142 l (1-2 mm along the septotemporal axis), the axon collaterals ramified predominantly within the inner

143 irds expanded the system of intrahippocampal axon collaterals, relative to turtles and lizards.

144 Although the aberrant motor axon collaterals remained in digital sensory nerve terri

145 riatal input and increased activity of local axon collaterals, respectively.

146 one of the primary dendrites, which gave off axon collaterals, some of which projected out of the nuc

147 jury to the corticospinal tract, NgR1 limits axon collateral sprouting but is not important for block

148 We propose a model by which dSPN GPe axon collaterals (striatopallidal Go pathway) act in con

149 r typical sustained firing and associational axon collaterals suggest that they are functionally dist

150 The distribution of dendrites and of axon collaterals suggests that neurons in layers II and

151 The distribution of dendrites and axon collaterals suggests that there is an associative n

152 tion neurons (MSNs) are GABAergic, and their axon collaterals synapse on other MSNs.

153 Basket axon collaterals synapse onto the Purkinje soma/axon ini

154 MSNs), are interconnected by local recurrent axon collateral synapses.

155 increased excitability in the CA3 recurrent axon collateral system, perhaps contributing to the limb

156 hannels, which are possibly expressed in the axon collateral terminals of ipRGCs; and (3) fluorescenc

157 r 5, but the numbers of both branches and of axon collateral terminations in layer 4 approximately do

158 d, many of these presympathetic neurons have axon collaterals that arborize into neighboring cardiore

159 in-containing projection neurons issue local axon collaterals that arborize within the substantia nig

160 All but two pyramidal cells had axon collaterals that entered the deep white matter (alv

161 rt axonal protrusions reminiscent of nascent axon collaterals that fail to elongate.

162 Subsets of spinal motor neurons also exhibit axon collaterals that influence motor output centrally.

163 al nigrostriatal pathways but also by way of axon collaterals that innervate the thalamus.

164 ll population of M1 ipRGCs have intraretinal axon collaterals that project toward the outer retina.

165 beled by HRP were observed to have extensive axon collaterals that projected locally within the later

166 y regular spiking [RS] class) tended to have axon collaterals that reached longer distances in the ce

167 In contrast, for both the intrinsic axon collaterals that travel between stripes (long-range

168 rsting [IB] class) had one or more ascending axon collaterals that typically remained within the regi

169 tionally, CSNs possess expansive supraspinal axon collaterals, the functional organization of which i

170 localized Slit inhibit formation of specific axon collaterals through modulation of Dscam1 activity.

171 The observation that pacemaker neurons send axon collaterals throughout the neonatal spinal cord rai

172 RGCs distribute their signals via axon collaterals to 12 retinorecipient areas in forebrai

173 o the contralateral pre-BotC, many also with axon collaterals to areas containing inspiratory hypoglo

174 revealing that many afferent neurons project axon collaterals to both the lateral and medial NTS subd

175 a significant minority of RVLM neurons send axon collaterals to disparate spinal segments (T(2) and

176 y, many projectome types extended long-range axon collaterals to distinct brain regions, allowing sin

177 Yet, M2 cortex sends additional long-range axon collaterals to diverse output brain regions beyond

178 projection extends septotemporally divergent axon collaterals to hippocampal area CA3.

179 to the hippocampal dentate gyrus, also send axon collaterals to layer 1 (L1) of the MEC.

180 Single neurons that send axon collaterals to multiple cortical and subcortical tr

181 in the developing CNS tend to send out long axon collaterals to multiple target areas.

182 a single somatosensory structure, also send axon collaterals to other relay sites along the same asc

183 nate functions throughout the system through axon collaterals to other sites along the ventricular ne

184 er individual granule cells extend divergent axon collaterals to septotemporally distinct levels of h

185 guide the development and refinement of MNTB axon collaterals to the binaural nuclei have become incr

186 ion cells forming the RHT bifurcate, sending axon collaterals to the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) th

187 ns in layers V and VI, and they also project axon collaterals toward superficial layers.

188 l microcircuits activated by recurrent motor axon collaterals via glutamatergic synapses.

189 One ascending axon collateral was found among the thirty-one deep laye

190 The rostral-caudal distribution of axon collaterals was of particular interest because of i

191 rgets between local and long-range intrinsic axon collaterals was supported by whole-cell, patch clam

192 mine the synaptic targets of thalamocortical axon collaterals, we examined RLD profiles in the PGN an

193 Axon collaterals were densest in distant lamellae rather

194 In all repaired nerves, aberrant motor axon collaterals were detected in digital sensory nerve

195 experiment, the individual CN neuron and its axon collaterals were filled with dye.

196 ic terminals formed by LY-labeled, intra-RTN axon collaterals were relatively few in number, and no d

197 retinin-positive neurons issued at least one axon collateral, which ramified within the substantia ni

198 uthner cell, cells MiD2cm and MiD3cm, showed axon collaterals with extensive arbors recurring at regu

199 BA release was studied at terminals on local axon collaterals within NRT as well as on projection fib

200 have re-established that dSPNs also possess axon collaterals within the globus pallidus (GPe) (bridg

201 the branching and refinement of DCN and LSO axon collaterals within the IC, as well as IC axon colla

202 xon collaterals within the IC, as well as IC axon collaterals within the medial geniculate body.

203 eurons often revealed the presence of beaded axon collaterals within the PGN, suggesting that this ma

204 inating bilaterally, but with no significant axon collaterals within the spinal cord, medulla, or cer