ライフサイエンスコーパス: axonal

1 tic strength, using retrograde regulation of axonal actin dynamics to mobilize and recruit presynapti

2 le motion is in turn impeded by shutting off axonal actin polymerization, mediated by nitric oxide-cy

3 ) channels necessary for rapid and efficient axonal action potential conduction.

4 nce were accompanied by robust noradrenergic axonal activity and gradual sustained cAMP increases.

5 y depends on signaling pathways that control axonal and dendritic development.

6 GNIFICANCE STATEMENT The proper formation of axonal and dendritic morphologies is crucial for the pre

7 d synaptic distances from the soma along the axonal and dendritic paths, for more than 1900 distinct

8 ce, the latter group developed greater acute axonal and myelin loss attributed to elevated oxidative

9 l analysis revealed significant increases of axonal and neuronal density along with significantly low

10 synaptic drive; a significant effect of the axonal and somatic load on the firing rate; and the role

11 (O-GlcNAc) groups to proteins important for axonal and synaptic function.

12 nervous system (CNS) development, mediating axonal, and neuronal navigation.

13 ssion of an unphosphorylatable HTT decreased axonal anterograde transport of APP, reduced presynaptic

14 ratified dendritic arbors and one stratified axonal arbor in the tectal neuropil.

15 borization; they also exhibited a very dense axonal arborization that overlapped the dendritic field.

16 e initial mucosal site of infection, rely on axonal bidirectional transport mediated by microtubule-b

17 us provide insights into multiple aspects of axonal biology.

18 4(+) T cells in safeguarding neurons against axonal blebbing and poliomyelitis from murine betacorona

19 own if miniature coils could be effective in axonal blockage and, if so, what the underlying mechanis

20 ptic terminal but also its activation in the axonal bouton by PKC-induced calcium-dependent phosphory

21 al responses to drifting gratings in retinal axonal boutons were robustly modulated by arousal level

22 ANCE STATEMENT The formation of interstitial axonal branches plays a prominent role in numerous place

23 n arbors exhibit free endings with extensive axonal branching in the superficial epidermis and large

24 ns altered growth cone filopodia density and axonal branching patterns in a TRIM9- and netrin-1-depen

25 ative model, we investigate growth rules for axonal branching patterns in cat area 17, originating fr

26 ation for statistical quantifications of the axonal branching patterns, the generative model is porte

27 Stretch-growth was also found to stimulate axonal branching, glutamatergic synaptic transmission, a

28 y connect to a single glomerulus without any axonal branching.

29 ly, computational simulations predicted that axonal [Ca(2+)](i) transients reflect a 0.4% Ca(2+) cond

30 We find that intra-axonal calcium flux is accompanied by actin-Rho dependen

31 tal hereditary motor neuropathies (HMNs) and axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (CMT2) are clinica

32 IR-CAP could well be 'axonal CIDP' in view of clinical similarity, but not pro

33 changes, such as an increase in PC recurrent axonal collateral formation and hypertrophy of GABAergic

34 ry contributor to be slow conduction through axonal collaterals within HVC, which typically adds betw

35 lipidation of newly synthesized proteins in axonal compartments allows for short-term and autonomous

36 ecting midbrain somatodendritic and striatal axonal compartments of dopaminergic neurons.

37 king of vesicles between somatodendritic and axonal compartments.

38 istant midbrain somatodendritic and striatal axonal compartments.

39 resting alternative for electric blockage of axonal conductance in clinical settings.

40 Furthermore, inner-zone GCs have faster axonal conduction velocity and elicit faster synaptic po

41 cess is critical for the re-establishment of axonal conduction velocity and metabolic support to the

42 Axonal conduction velocity, which ensures efficient func

43 erted into a computational model to simulate axonal conduction, a rapid decrease in velocity was obse

44 Myelination facilitates rapid axonal conduction, enabling efficient communication acro

45 f the forebrain are interconnected by 35,738 axonal connections forming a large set of overlapping, h

46 chitecture, has limited investigation of how axonal connections influence subsequent development and

47 ce that allows controlled network-to-network axonal connections through microtunnels.

48 ction plays a key role in the development of axonal connections within the ellipsoid body.

49 Axonal connectivity is largely built during embryonic de

50 n, processes involved in establishment of DA axonal connectivity remain largely unknown.

51 Although developmental myelination and axonal coverage by endogenous oligodendrocytes was exten

52 ogeneous set of molecules, including myelin, axonal cytoskeleton, and ion channel antigens, in indivi

53 red for maintaining myelin structure and the axonal cytoskeleton.

54 -glia interactions that converge on distinct axonal cytoskeletons.

55 on demonstrated a notably similar pattern of axonal damage adjacent to the gray-white interface.

56 tments, the drug arrested development of new axonal damage by 30 days.

57 ed demyelination, oral GlcNAc prevents neuro-axonal damage by driving myelin repair.

58 c effects that decrease oxidative stress and axonal damage in chronic and relapsing multiple sclerosi

59 light chain (sNfL) and its ability to expose axonal damage in neurologic disorders have solicited a c

60 ggers post-traumatic neurodegeneration, with axonal damage leading to Wallerian degeneration and toxi

61 light chain (NfL) as a reliable biomarker of axonal damage, and the availability of an ultrasensitive

62 re of remyelination promotes permanent neuro-axonal damage.

63 gulate galectin-3 (MAC-2), a marker of glial axonal debris phagocytosis, on NMJ denervation in SOD1 m

64 RM1, which has been previously implicated in axonal degeneration (p = 1.76 x 10(-08) with amyotrophic

65 s, downstream mechanisms that lead to distal axonal degeneration are unknown.

66 Axonal degeneration has been recognized as a predominant

67 In this review, we discuss the role of axonal degeneration in neurodegenerative disorders, with

68 myelitis (gray matter inflammation), chronic axonal degeneration, and inflammatory demyelination due

69 SARM1, an executor of axonal degeneration, displays NADase activity that deple

70 uses dose-dependent neuronal dysfunction and axonal degeneration, which are rescued by genetic or pha

71 utive activation of SARM1 and thereby led to axonal degeneration.

72 involving dysmyelination, demyelination and axonal degeneration.

73 Thus, local axonal "delay lines" can play an important role in deter

74 lin profiles that were often associated with axonal detachment and degeneration throughout the CNS, i

75 The lack of Tsc2 also delayed axonal development and caused aberrant tract fasciculati

76 at blood vessels, cells, and vacuoles affect axonal diameter and trajectory.

77 implying that although synchronized with BC axonal differentiation, presynaptic differentiation of t

78 erived from diffusion tensor imaging reflect axonal disruption and demyelination in specific white ma

79 al tract provides a realistic model in which axonal disruption and demyelination occur together in th

80 w membrane proteins traffic to this proximal axonal domain is incompletely understood.

81 of the nodes of Ranvier and other myelinated axonal domains in sensory neurons cultured alone or toge

82 demonstrated that p38 MAPK inhibition abates axonal dysfunction and slows degeneration in the inducib

83 e terminals is associated with nigrostriatal axonal dysfunction in mild to moderate PD.

84 Associated with these changes, axonal dystrophy was exacerbated from 6 to 7 months onwa

85 bilization through NMII inactivation affects axonal electrophysiology, increasing action potential co

86 stal helix B decrease calmodulin-binding and axonal enrichment.

87 e MPS is an actomyosin network that controls axonal expansion and contraction.

88 During development, GAP-43 is found in axonal extensions of most neurons.

89 Axonal factors, such as Neuregulin-1 Type III, trigger p

90 ctions are mediated by long-range myelinated axonal fiber bundles, collectively termed as white matte

91 othalamic nucleus -> paraventricular nucleus axonal fiber outgrowth.

92 Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A), the commonest axonal form of CMT, with significant allelic heterogenei

93 nd myelin is needed to metabolically support axonal function, the findings suggest a link between ant

94 hat nerve regeneration can be accelerated by axonal G3BP1 granule disassembly, releasing axonal mRNAs

95 nerve injury correlates with disassembly of axonal G3BP1 granules as well as increased phospho-G3BP1

96 Knockout of LRRTM4 reduces RBC axonal GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptor clustering and disru

97 Thus, axonal GABA(B)Rs are positioned to efficiently control t

98 V1 controls the dynamics and motility of the axonal GCs of cortical neurons in an EB1-dependent manne

99 ymerizing MT plus ends to actin filaments in axonal GCs, preventing MT depolymerization in F-actin-ri

100 caffold-based approaches promote significant axonal growth and functional recovery in vivo in a spina

101 stathmin-2 (STMN2), an essential protein for axonal growth and maintenance.

102 a neuron-intrinsic mechanism that regulates axonal growth and regeneration.

103 or of actin and microtubules (MTs), powering axonal growth and regeneration.

104 synaptic terminals, synaptic plasticity, and axonal growth and regeneration.

105 n neurons and that uPA/uPAR binding triggers axonal growth and synapse formation.

106 h the establishment of neuronal polarity and axonal growth are crucial steps in the development of th

107 In young cortical cultures, nestin regulates axonal growth cone morphology.

108 to a few presynaptic terminals and scattered axonal growth cones.

109 edge of lamellipodia in migrating cells and axonal growth cones.

110 re is no effective treatment that stimulates axonal growth following injury.

111 ties of the 3D porous nanoscaffold, enhanced axonal growth from the dual-targeting therapeutic strate

112 prenylation in sympathetic axons to promote axonal growth in response to the neurotrophin, nerve gro

113 3 GOF in postmitotic neurons not only alters axonal growth of postmitotic neurons but also impairs RG

114 d promote receptor trafficking necessary for axonal growth.

115 mple, neuronal proliferation, migration, and axonal guidance as well as postnatal plasticity.

116 roblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) and axonal guidance molecules known as neuropilins (NRPs).

117 RT-qPCR also showed enhanced stem cell and axonal guidance related gene expression (Bmp2, GDNF, and

118 body beta-lobe midline crossing, a metric of axonal guidance.

119 e-synaptic functions, MEK-ERK signaling, and axonal guidance.

120 nd its autophagy effector ULK1 accumulate at axonal hillocks.

121 MI: poor oligodendrocyte maturation, diffuse axonal hypomyelination, and permanent sensorimotor defic

122 istopathologic and animal studies have shown axonal impairment and loss of connectivity of the nigros

123 )) channels are a functional hallmark of the axonal initial segment in vertebrates.

124 r calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in the axonal initial segment was only partially dependent on v

125 als (APs) initiate close to the soma, at the axonal initial segment.

126 tic excitatory and inhibitory puncta, longer axonal initial segments (AISs), and higher PV expression

127 t study of a promising drug to treat diffuse axonal injury (DAI) caused by traumatic brain injury, us

128 Axonal injury and histological features of neurons and g

129 ain (NfL) is a promising biomarker of active axonal injury and neuronal degeneration.

130 However, in humans the link between diffuse axonal injury and subsequent neurodegeneration has yet t

131 ter traumatic brain injury relate to diffuse axonal injury and the consequent widespread disruption o

132 This supports a causal link between axonal injury and the progressive neurodegeneration that

133 matter atrophy was not predicted by diffuse axonal injury at baseline.

134 The increased rate of neuro-axonal injury during the first five years after onset wa

135 intrinsically poor regenerative capacity, so axonal injury has permanent consequences.

136 Acute axonal injury in children with CM is associated with lon

137 Diffuse axonal injury is a primary neuropathological feature of

138 l inflammatory activity on the rate of neuro-axonal injury over the MS course.

139 The location and extent of diffuse axonal injury predicted the degree of brain atrophy: fra

140 is that the severity and location of diffuse axonal injury predicts the degree of progressive post-tr

141 STAT3 and DLK/JNK pathways are important for axonal injury responses, and we found that ZDHHC5 and ZD

142 In experimental models, diffuse axonal injury triggers post-traumatic neurodegeneration,

143 The assessment of diffuse axonal injury with diffusion MRI is likely to improve pr

144 inflammation, a treatable feature, on neuro-axonal injury, is paramount to optimize neuroprotective

145 Unchanged NFL was consistent with no acute axonal injury.

146 which are most commonly affected by diffuse axonal injury.

147 usion tensor imaging as a measure of diffuse axonal injury.

148 oading at thresholds that can induce diffuse axonal injury.

149 Here we report that KIF1A, unlike other axonal kinesins, is an intrinsically unstable protein pr

150 i during myelination was consistent with its axonal localization during neuritogenesis.

151 is, myelitis, and optic neuritis followed by axonal loss and demyelination.

152 hysiology, we can make future predictions of axonal loss and microcircuit dysfunction.

153 Subependymal demyelinated lesions with axonal loss and microglial/macrophage activation were al

154 CNS that is characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, gliosis, and inflammation.

155 ral-cell damage leading to demyelination and axonal loss, which are pathological features of multiple

156 lity-is poor, questioning the unique role of axonal loss.

157 mpaired synaptic transmission, and glial and axonal loss.

158 sis (MS) is considered primarily a result of axonal loss.

159 eveals novel morphological cell clusters and axonal maturation patterns.

160 c186 is highly mobile after insertion in the axonal membrane and diffuses bidirectionally until immob

161 In order to understand how the axonal membrane potential may show temperature dependenc

162 s play diverse non-canonical roles including axonal metabolic support and activity-dependent myelinat

163 Axonal microcircuits develop first and provide the most

164 shown that KIFC1 is important for organizing axonal microtubules in neurons, a process that depends o

165 Depletion of Spindly affects polarity of axonal microtubules in vivo and in primary neuronal cult

166 ith reduced KT, CPC, and SAC proteins, while axonal microtubules were unaffected.

167 These results demonstrate how the axonal miR-26a can regulate local protein translation in

168 Intriguingly, also axonal mitochondria show signs of damage, such as fusion

169 Ablation of MICU3 renders axonal mitochondria similar to non-neuronal mitochondria

170 injury induces transient calcium influx into axonal mitochondria, dependent on MCU-1.

171 pathway that controls axon regrowth through axonal mitochondrial calcium uptake.

172 autophagy and mitophagy genes normalizes the axonal mitochondrial content that is reduced upon mitoch

173 d mitophagy, ultimately resulting in reduced axonal mitochondrial content that is restored by genetic

174 ce, injury responses, axon survival and even axonal mitochondrial function.

175 role of AMPK signaling in the depression of axonal mitochondrial mobility during localized energetic

176 Importantly, TRPV4 activity impairs axonal mitochondrial transport, and TRPV4-mediated neuro

177 whether localized AMPK signaling influenced axonal mitochondrial transport.

178 rably more accurate in recreating individual axonal morphologies.

179 Axonal morphology displays large variability and complex

180 ol to adapt the model to novel categories of axonal morphology.

181 ential translational activation of different axonal mRNAs as severed axons transition from injury to

182 Translation of axonal mRNAs encoding some injury-associated proteins is

183 axonal G3BP1 granule disassembly, releasing axonal mRNAs for local translation to support axon growt

184 ligodendrocyte signatures suggested impaired axonal myelination and metabolic adaptation to neuronal

185 les used during development for cellular and axonal navigation also play roles in synapse maturation

186 tioner of canonical necroptosis; however, in axonal necroptosis, MLKL does not directly trigger degen

187 these findings define a specialized form of axonal necroptosis.

188 ests that Tau pathology may spread along the axonal network and propagate between synaptically connec

189 fter murine TBI, is associated with arrested axonal neurodegeneration and cognitive recovery, benefit

190 gag RNA), synaptic (PSD-95; synaptophysin), axonal (neurofilament/neurofilament light chain [NFL]),

191 tibodies, are mostly detected in acute motor axonal neuropathy type of GBS and in FS, and less freque

192 'Inflammatory axonal neuropathy' was proven in 14 (45%) of 31 sural ne

193 ia telangiectasia, spastic paraplegia, giant axonal neuropathy, and fumarate hydratase deficiency.

194 eration by functioning as a scaffold to link axonal organelles, motors and membranes, establishing im

195 nding factors such as extra-axonal water and axonal orientation dispersion are eliminated - heavily d

196 density, oligodendrocyte interconnectivity, axonal orientation, and vascularization.

197 eurons results in a substantial reduction in axonal outgrowth and arborization.

198 VGluT2 expression in dopamine neurons drives axonal outgrowth and contributes to dopamine neuron axon

199 that Vangl2 acts as a negative regulator of axonal outgrowth by regulating the strength of the molec

200 ts as a key regulator of neuronal migration, axonal outgrowth, axon guidance, and synaptogenesis by a

201 oneuron survival up to 45 weeks and improved axonal outgrowth, electrophysiological recovery, and mus

202 NMJ chip' enables real-time, live imaging of axonal outgrowth, NMJ formation and muscle maturation, a

203 uidance defects and proteins that promote DA axonal outgrowth.

204 ro and to rescue alterations of retinotectal axonal pathfinding induced by loss of NOVA2 ortholog in

205 Axonal pathfinding toward the dorsal striatum was determ

206 9 and shRNA techniques resulted in perturbed axonal pathfinding, delay in midline crossing, excess br

207 thways involved in cell cycle regulation and axonal pathfinding.

208 ee neuroprotective drugs acting on different axonal pathobiologies.

209 Because it has been recognized that axonal pathology is commonly found at anatomic interface

210 tances from the soma along the dendritic and axonal paths, which may affect signal attenuation and de

211 mic colocalization with TRIM proteins at the axonal periphery, including at the tips of filopodia.

212 outgrowth and contributes to dopamine neuron axonal plasticity in the postlesional brain.

213 iagnostic testing showed a motor and sensory axonal polyneuropathy.

214 ographically organized columns of reciprocal axonal processes running perpendicular to the layers, an

215 ion and hypertrophy of GABAergic basket cell axonal processes, could be compensatory responses to res

216 distinct electrophysiological properties and axonal projection patterns argue that these two neuron c

217 population of tectal neurons with a defined axonal projection to a second-order visual area: id2b:ga

218 nstratified dendritic arbor and a descending axonal projection to tegmentum.

219 al cortex (PFC) projection neurons relate to axonal projections and encoding properties across multip

220 ntral DG differ in the distribution of their axonal projections and possibly their function.SIGNIFICA

221 ochemical staining revealed that cholinergic axonal projections exclusively reached type I acini in t

222 al (3D) convolutional network for extracting axonal projections from intact cleared mouse brains imag

223 embloids, we show that cortical neurons send axonal projections into striatal organoids and form syna

224 ular layer of the DG, we discovered that the axonal projections of dorsal and ventral MCs differ.

225 Here, we demonstrate that axonal projections of MCs in these two regions are consi

226 Contrastingly, axonal projections of the axolotl (salamander) branch ex

227 tically barcoded neurons (MAPseq) to map the axonal projections of thousands of vCA1 neurons, we iden

228 n provides a roadmap for studying descending axonal projections that may influence visceromotor syste

229 ell-derived cortical neurons send widespread axonal projections to both hemispheres of rats with isch

230 populations of pyramidal neurons (PNs) send axonal projections to distinct targets, suggesting multi

231 ors often predicts dendrite morphologies and axonal projections to specific tectal layers and extrate

232 bined with their narrow dendritic fields and axonal projections, it is likely that these neurons, her

233 maintain constancy in both the dendritic and axonal projective field.

234 e translational tools to make development of axonal protective, SARM1 inhibitors a viable approach to

235 ve, and strikingly, in a manner dependent on axonal protein synthesis.

236 hese junctions are a barrier to diffusion of axonal proteins into the node and highlight differences

237 A major question is how the various axonal proteins that comprise the multimeric nodal compl

238 cing, gene overexpression and knockdown, and axonal quantification to compare the functions of CTIP2

239 educing the artificial currents required for axonal recruitment, and it was found to reduce and shift

240 Ongoing efforts to promote axonal regeneration after SCI have involved multiple str

241 Glial signals are known to inhibit axonal regeneration and functional recovery after mammal

242 duced rapidly after injury and necessary for axonal regeneration and functional recovery.

243 ation concerning the biological mechanism of axonal regeneration and its complexity has delayed the p

244 o peripheral nerve injury that both promotes axonal regeneration and suppresses cell identity.

245 en widely studied for its role in inhibiting axonal regeneration following injury to the central nerv

246 The failure of axonal regeneration in the damaged CNS limits functional

247 ntification of a drug that is able to induce axonal regeneration in vivo.

248 6 domain on their surface potently inhibited axonal regeneration of mechanically injured cerebral cor

249 any hits and some new mechanisms involved in axonal regeneration were identified.

250 nstitutively active Pfn1 to rodents promoted axonal regeneration, neuromuscular junction maturation,

251 Overcoming the restricted axonal regenerative ability that limits functional repai

252 stress in axons, which was most amplified in axonal regions near the interface.

253 , the ability of many molecules to stimulate axonal regrowth was evaluated through automated screenin

254 clearance and resident MPs being involved in axonal regrowth.

255 potential for designing novel strategies for axonal regrowth.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Axon growth invol

256 l mechanism by which palmitoylation controls axonal retrograde signaling.

257 identified that Para is enriched at a distal axonal segment.

258 l neurons lose their positional identity and axonal selectivity when mouse fetuses are exposed to exc

259 not only the mobilization of GAP-43 from the axonal shaft to the presynaptic terminal but also its ac

260 Using a series of PRV mutants deficient in axonal sorting and anterograde spread, we identified the

261 A, a kinesin-3 motor, mediates the efficient axonal sorting and transport of newly assembled PRV viri

262 (SARM1) has emerged as the first compelling axonal-specific target for therapeutic intervention.

263 y actin-Rho dependent growth of calcium rich axonal spheroids that eventually rupture, releasing mate

264 light chain (Nf-L), an integral part of the axonal structure, has emerged as a robust fluid biomarke

265 The identification of axonal structures as thin as one voxel benefits from dat

266 Topical rh-NGF also promotes greater axonal survival and inhibits astrocyte activity in the o

267 f ON CBC classes, constituting 5%-25% of all axonal synaptic contacts.

268 crossing, excess branching of neurites, and axonal targeting errors during the period of circuit dev

269 tion, such as soma ventral translocation and axonal targeting.

270 that the actin-spectrin skeleton acts as an axonal tension buffer by reversibly unfolding repeat dom

271 pha-synuclein aggregation in cell somas when axonal terminals were exposed to alpha-synuclein oligome

272 Despite the dramatic increase in axonal territory available, oligodendrogenesis was persi

273 om functional magnetic resonance imaging and axonal tracing experiments into the 3D Allen mouse brain

274 mposition of secreted factors influencing DA axonal tract formation and renders the striatum non-perm

275 fusion parameters in medial forebrain bundle axonal tracts connecting midbrain somatodendritic and st

276 manuscript, we show that CCB is involved in axonal trafficking of FasII and synaptobrevin, but not s

277 idespread conservation of FXGs suggests that axonal translation is an ancient, conserved mechanism fo

278 ter photobleaching (FRAP) reporter assay for axonal translation, we see that translational specificit

279 uncovered new mechanisms for regulating the axonal transport and localized translation of mRNAs, wit

280 onsible for the spatiotemporal regulation of axonal transport are not completely understood.

281 rain can induce optic neuritis by retrograde axonal transport from the brain to the retina through th

282 Axonal transport is critical for neuronal homeostasis an

283 The Akt-HTT pathway and axonal transport of APP thus regulate APP presynaptic le

284 We also provided evidence that axonal transport of capsids requires the kinesin-1 molec

285 els a new molecular system for vesicle-based axonal transport of proteins in male and female flies (D

286 is positioned downstream of CCB within this axonal transport system.

287 forming functions that range from retrograde axonal transport to mitotic spindle assembly(1,2).

288 in rats prevented degradation of anterograde axonal transport to the superior colliculus and degenera

289 although it increased the overall numbers of axonal transport vesicles.

290 regulated Ca(2+) dynamics for mitochondrial axonal transport, and the therapeutic promise of TRPV4 a

291 t to the widely accepted model of long-range axonal transport, our studies suggest that DAT traffics

292 The pathological traits include reduced axonal transport, synapse loss, defective climbing abili

293 as a role in MHV pathogenesis and retrograde axonal transport.

294 exocytosis of the dense-cored vesicles from axonal varicosities and acts by diffusion-a localized vo

295 Notably, capsids acquired envelopes at axonal varicosities and terminals where the sites formin

296 hich are located close to the plasmalemma of axonal varicosities in which no electron-lucent microves

297 t were associated with calcium signaling and axonal vesicle transport (including the alpha4 nAChR sub

298 We distinguished the early axonal volley and later spinal synaptic field potentials

299 e presumed mode of action is via blockade of axonal voltage gated potassium channels, thereby enhanci

300 how - when confounding factors such as extra-axonal water and axonal orientation dispersion are elimi