ライフサイエンスコーパス: barb

1 n in the corresponding region of the feather barb.

2 quasi-ordered nanostructures in bird feather barbs.

3 he latter with hooklets forming interlocking barbs.

4 the actin-capping protein (CP) gelsolin from barbed actin ends in vitro, allowing for elongation of a

5 turn, smaller hooked barbules branch off the barbs, allowing them to interlock in a tight zipper-like

6 supporting the developmental hypothesis that barbs already possessed barbules when they fused to form

7 Variations in rachis, barb and barbule morphology result in other feather type

8 Binding at the barbed and pointed end also occurred at an angle with re

9 s in the F-actin configuration bound to both barbed and pointed ends of a short F-actin filament at t

10 ervation to demonstrate that VopL/F bind the barbed and pointed ends of actin filaments but only nucl

11 - and thymosin-beta4-bound G-actin, and free barbed and pointed ends of actin filaments by model fitt

12 ts the monomer dissociation rate at both the barbed and pointed ends of actin.

13 Protomers disassembled from both the barbed and pointed ends of the actin filament with simil

14 r severing and accelerated monomer loss from barbed and pointed ends.

15 that Tbeta4 has two helices that bind at the barbed and pointed faces of G-actin, preventing the inco

16 nd the spectrin-based membrane skeleton, use barbed and pointed-end capping proteins to control subun

17 bit a short, slender rachis with alternating barbs and a uniform series of contiguous barbules, suppo

18 Each spicule is covered with recurved barbs and has an internal architecture consisting of a s

19 tively remove the surface contamination from barbs and shafts, and therefore, it is necessary to deve

20 Here, I call attention to these ethical barbs and suggest a way in which to proceed cautiously.

21 hered in areas where a high density of small barbs are present and then quickly transported to the le

22 Barbs at the tip of the quill independently exhibit the

23 While barb-based feather forms were investigated, feather shaf

24 -Saharan speakers hunting aquatic fauna with barbed bone points occupied the southern Sahara, while p

25 Hundreds of parallel barbs branch from the sides of the rachis.

26 ws that nanostructure in single bird feather barbs can be varied continuously by controlling the time

27 extensive thickening of the carotenoid-laden barb cortex, producing the yellow crown coloration.

28 ion of the Arp2/3 complex with CK666 reduced barbed end actin assembly site density at the leading ed

29 sistant to cytochalasin D that inhibits fast barbed end actin assembly.

30 In all cases, binding at the barbed end also occurred in a configuration similar to t

31 agonizes CP by reducing its affinity for the barbed end and by uncapping CP-capped filaments, whereas

32 within dendritic spines, as revealed by free-barbed end and FRAP assays, consistent with a role for E

33 ly accessible site on CP bound to a filament barbed end and inducing a change in the conformation of

34 ent nucleation then remain on the elongating barbed end and modulate filament elongation.

35 G-actin in 1:2 complexes that participate in barbed end assembly.

36 ding but promote high affinity (K(d) = 9 nM) barbed end attachment.

37 Surprisingly, neither mutation abolishes barbed end binding, as judged by pyrene-actin and total

38 Additional barbed end bound states were seen when the incoming subu

39 Further, mDia1 displaced from the barbed end by CP can randomly slide along the filament a

40 vitro; instead, they were proposed to act as barbed end cappers or filament bundlers.

41 hese results can explain how V-1 inactivates barbed end capping by CP and why V-1 is incapable of unc

42 Here we show that in the mouse cochlea the barbed end capping protein twinfilin 2 is present at the

43 K113E actin polymerization, consistent with barbed end capping.

44 evering, whereas G1 and G2 were required for barbed end capping.

45 ong electrostatic binding site for CP on the barbed end compete for this basic patch on CP.

46 3 increased, with the half-time of CP at the barbed end decreasing from approximately 30 min without

47 V, VC, and VCA enhance barbed end depolymerization like profilin but neither nu

48 tin delivery and FH2-regulated gating of the barbed end effectively limits the elongation rate, there

49 ofilin with the FH1 domain speeds processive barbed end elongation by FH2 domains.

50 combined inhibition of actin nucleation and barbed end elongation by profilin and SpTm.

51 tary mechanisms that regulate actin filament barbed end elongation in Arp2/3-derived networks.

52 atial and temporal control of actin filament barbed end elongation is crucial for force generation by

53 inus inhibits actin polymerization and slows barbed end elongation with moderate affinity.

54 over actin subunits through a combination of barbed end elongation, severing, and WH2 motif-mediated

55 ional proteins that work together to inhibit barbed end elongation.

56 ers and displays high affinity inhibition of barbed end elongation.

57 assay for Drosophila embryos, which revealed barbed end enrichment at junctions.

58 merization for the ATP and ADP growth at the barbed end exactly matches experimental results.

59 y remaining processively associated with the barbed end for an average of approximately 10 s in solut

60 may explain the inhibitory effects of PKD on barbed end formation as well as on directed cell migrati

61 ion to activate cofilin, promotes actin free barbed end formation, accelerates actin turnover, and en

62 After barbed end formation, cortactin is dephosphorylated, whi

63 small inhibitory RNA abrogates enhanced free barbed end formation, increased actin polymerization, an

64 bsequent Rac activation increases actin free barbed end formation.

65 n by promoting actin polymerization via free barbed end generation and centripetal elongation of an F

66 The C helix is likely to bind to the barbed end groove of Arp3 in a position for VCA to deliv

67 By stopping barbed end growth, CP favors nucleation of daughter fila

68 GSNL-1 severs actin filaments and caps the barbed end in a calcium-dependent manner similar to that

69 SNL-1 severed actin filaments and capped the barbed end in a calcium-dependent manner.

70 actin cytoskeletal polarity by developing a barbed end incorporation assay for Drosophila embryos, w

71 Each FH1 domain transfers actin to the barbed end independently of the other and structural evi

72 es showed that the binding of formins to the barbed end induces conformational transitions in actin f

73 They attach to the barbed end of a filament and prevent polymerization, lea

74 sis shows how the binding of profilin to the barbed end of actin causes a rotation of the small domai

75 heads swing forward alternately towards the barbed end of actin driven by ATP hydrolysis.

76 formin, AtFH14, processively attaches to the barbed end of actin filaments as a dimer and slows their

77 s, function as homodimers that bind with the barbed end of actin filaments through a ring-like struct

78 CP binds with high affinity to the barbed end of actin filaments, blocking the addition and

79 of the actin cytoskeleton by binding to the barbed end of actin filaments.

80 ittle effect on Capu once it is bound to the barbed end of an elongating filament.

81 ivation the first actin monomer binds at the barbed end of Arp2.

82 ently inhibits nucleation and binding to the barbed end of elongating filaments by the C-terminal hal

83 brin inhibits depolymerization mainly at the barbed end of F-actin.

84 It binds to the barbed end of filaments with high affinity and modulates

85 elerate elongation, although it binds to the barbed end of filaments.

86 %) associate for approximately 25 s with the barbed end of preassembled filaments, inhibiting their e

87 expressed, 62-kDa heterodimer that binds the barbed end of the actin filament with approximately 0.1

88 heterodimeric 62-kDa protein that binds the barbed end of the actin filament with high affinity to b

89 and the molecular basis for how CP binds the barbed end of the actin filament, we have used a combina

90 ced dynamics at the edge oriented toward the barbed end of the actin filament.

91 fidelity of information communicated at the barbed end of the actin filament.

92 Subunits at the barbed end of the filament are likely to be in this favo

93 Rapid treadmilling, where the barbed end of the filament grows and the pointed end shr

94 Conversely, the barbed end of the filament takes on a conformation nearl

95 rmin Homology 2 (FH2) domain dimers with the barbed end of the filament, allowing subunit addition wh

96 P interacts with both actin protomers at the barbed end of the filament, and the amphipathic helix at

97 in complexes into contact with the FH2-bound barbed end of the filament, thereby enabling direct tran

98 st G-actin compared with muscle actin in the barbed end pivot region and areas in subdomains 1 and 2

99 ce explains why filaments grow faster at the barbed end than the pointed end.

100 ts elongate and shorten much faster at their barbed end than their pointed end, but the molecular bas

101 At the barbed end the terminal subunit is loosely tethered by i

102 nal tail from a hydrophobic groove at Arp3's barbed end to destabilize the inactive state, providing

103 and it subsequently displaces Spire from the barbed end to elicit rapid processive assembly from prof

104 e along the filament and later return to the barbed end to re-form the complex.

105 ne-dimensional diffusion, and (3) processive barbed end tracking.

106 ults offer a mechanistic explanation for the barbed end uncapping activity of CARMIL, and they identi

107 in-profilin interface, Ala(167) of the actin barbed end W-loop and His(372) near the C terminus form

108 processively associated with the elongating barbed end while driving the addition of profilin-actin.

109 has a small but measurable affinity for the barbed end, as inferred from previous studies and kineti

110 ow that CAH3 binds CP already present on the barbed end, causing a 300-fold increase in the dissociat

111 ns tunes the processive association with the barbed end, indicating that this is a general role for f

112 s actin filament assembly and remains at the barbed end, modulating elongation.

113 les direct delivery of profilin-actin to the barbed end, speeding the rate of filament elongation.

114 eas several proteins cap the rapidly growing barbed end, tropomodulin (Tmod) is the only protein know

115 While several proteins cap the barbed end, tropomodulins (Tmods), a family of four clos

116 By regulating the availability of the barbed end, we propose that profilin binding establishes

117 ation during translocation along the growing barbed end, we propose that the flexible linker influenc

118 otein, competes with FH1-FH2 at the filament barbed end, where its binding is mutually exclusive with

119 tue of its ability to cap the actin filament barbed end, which promotes Arp2/3-dependent filament nuc

120 The ends are reeled in by barbed end-anchored actin filaments in adjacent segments

121 ses that deliver multiple actin monomers per barbed end-binding event and effectively antagonize fila

122 d actin polymerization protein Arp3, and the barbed end-capping and bundling protein Eps8, illustrati

123 ation of actin-binding regions of FH2 to the barbed end.

124 of the formin mDia1 simultaneously bind the barbed end.

125 associating with, and dissociating from, the barbed end.

126 nto a version with moderate affinity for the barbed end.

127 ments as well as transient aggregates at the barbed end.

128 end sides of cofilactin clusters than at the barbed end.

129 cts compete to deliver profilin-actin to the barbed end.

130 association of CP with and affinity for the barbed end.

131 on to and high affinity interaction with the barbed end.

132 filaments or by dissociating Cdc12p from the barbed end.

133 ing the rate of monomer incorporation at the barbed end.

134 AtFH14 moves processively on the elongating barbed end.

135 vitro to render it incapable of binding the barbed end.

136 n lifetime when force was applied toward the barbed (+) end.

137 the absence of profilin, but profilin slows barbed-end acceleration from constructs containing the P

138 factors Diaphanous and Enabled both promote barbed-end actin polymerization and can stimulate filopo

139 fission yeast, ring tension originates from barbed-end anchoring of actin filaments to the plasma me

140 clustered N-WASP affects Arp2/3-independent barbed-end assembly.

141 lin-actin with the FH1 domain as well as the barbed-end associated FH2 domain.

142 laments near beads and we identified Spire's barbed-end binding domain.

143 Loss of barbed-end binding increases nucleation by Spire and syn

144 y the loss-of-function mutant indicates that barbed-end binding is not necessary for oogenesis.

145 ith a requirement of accelerated assembly on barbed-end bundling.

146 omain regulate actin assembly and processive barbed-end capping by the FH2 domain.

147 /CD2AP and a previously unrecognized role of barbed-end capping in junctional actin dynamics.

148 Mena, an actin barbed-end capping protein antagonist, is expressed as v

149 iated protein (FSGS3/CD2AP) as a novel actin barbed-end capping protein responsible for actin stabili

150 way substrate 8 (Eps8; an actin bundling and barbed-end capping protein) and actin-related protein 3

151 orescence microscopy, we found that ABP29, a barbed-end capping protein, competes with FH1-FH2 at the

152 rk assembly at the leading edge by promoting barbed-end capping there.

153 ongly inhibiting both F-actin nucleation and barbed-end elongation at equimolar concentrations to act

154 reated by complex exchange slows the rate of barbed-end elongation by rapidly associating with, and d

155 at the N-terminal ABD1 blocks actin filament barbed-end elongation, whereas ABD2 and ABD3 do not show

156 lament, whereas profilin:actin only supports barbed-end elongation.

157 that interact with each other for processive barbed-end elongation.

158 other and together accelerate actin filament barbed-end elongation.

159 Cytochalasin-D inhibition of barbed-end exchange reduces rhodamine-actin incorporatio

160 ruitment of actin-capping protein, revealing barbed-end filament capping at endocytic sites to be a r

161 tactin phosphorylation and cofilin-dependent barbed-end formation at invadopodia, leading to a signif

162 in polymerization ~18 times faster than free-barbed-end growth while simultaneously enhancing protect

163 alphaE-catenin ABD binding limits barbed-end growth, especially in actin filament bundles.

164 or DCC, interacts with and ubiquitinates the barbed-end polymerase VASP to modulate filopodial stabil

165 patially distributed model, both synergy and barbed-end production are significant over a range of ac

166 Furthermore, barbed-end production is greatest when Arp2/3 activation

167 We specifically consider key barbed-end regulators such as capping protein and formin

168 Binding of open II vinculin to the barbed-end suggests this conformation allows for vinculi

169 a population of reversed filaments with the barbed-end toward the cell center.

170 tment of peripheral filaments and continuous barbed-end turnover.

171 ts by interacting with both S1 and S3 of the barbed-end, using the surface of Vt normally occluded by

172 at tension is generated by myosin pulling on barbed-end-anchored actin filaments in a stochastic slid

173 dent actin depolymerization factor and not a barbed-end-capping factor as was previously thought.

174 We show that myosin 15-S1 is a barbed-end-directed motor that moves actin filaments in

175 partly invaginated CCSs with actin filament barbed ends abutting the CCS neck, to a polarized comet

176 ments, whereas capping protein (CP) binds to barbed ends and arrests polymerization.

177 Capping protein (CP) is known to regulate barbed ends and control actin assembly in cells.

178 at Lpd delivers Ena/VASP proteins to growing barbed ends and increases their polymerase activity by t

179 homology 2 (FH2) domain that binds filament barbed ends and is critical for polymerization and depol

180 differential affinities for actin monomers, barbed ends and polyproline are thus tuned to adaptively

181 unbranched actin filaments by binding their barbed ends and processively stepping onto incoming acti

182 We found that Spire is sufficient to bind barbed ends and retain pointed ends of actin filaments n

183 dly elongating filaments with mDia1 at their barbed ends and SPIN90-Arp2/3 at their pointed ends.

184 mechanism by which Spire and Fmn2 compete at barbed ends and the role of FSI in orchestrating this co

185 s revealed an aster of actin filaments whose barbed ends are focalized near the plasma membrane.

186 nched actin network, in which actin filament barbed ends are oriented toward the CCS.

187 rsing melanosomes along actin tracks whose +/barbed ends are oriented toward the plasma membrane.

188 ccurs only at low activation rates, when few barbed ends are produced.

189 in-filament barbed ends, and both N-WASP and barbed ends are tightly clustered in these invasive stru

190 In addition, FSI binds actin at filament barbed ends as a weak capper and plays a role in displac

191 cofilin can sever actin filaments to create barbed ends at invadopodia to support Arp2/3-dependent a

192 by itself associates very poorly to filament barbed ends but is rapidly recruited to Spire-capped bar

193 ng influence on dissociation of formins from barbed ends but only a weak effect on elongation rates.

194 filopodia of uniform thickness with aligned barbed ends by a unique mechanistic cycle.

195 d lamellipodial assembly features capping of barbed ends by CP, and the formation of filopodia is pro

196 Individual barbed ends captured by WWCA domains grow at or below th

197 Moreover, in these processes, barbed ends directly push onto the load, as in a convent

198 berrant regulation of F-actin and actin free barbed ends dynamics.

199 runs, allowing them to catch up with leading barbed ends efficiently.

200 ctin assembly and protected growing filament barbed ends from capping protein.

201 New growth at barbed ends generated by severing was blocked specifical

202 Rapid polymerization of actin filament barbed ends generates protrusive forces at the cell edge

203 s remarkably slow and restricted to filament barbed ends in a small tip compartment, with minimal acc

204 ament length and for the capture of filament barbed ends in cells.

205 otein (CP), a major capper of actin filament barbed ends in cells.

206 Ena-associated trailing barbed ends in Fascin-bundled actin filaments have appro

207 drive the processive elongation of filament barbed ends in membrane protrusions or at the surface of

208 embly in which any cluster of actin filament barbed ends in proximity to the plasma membrane, either

209 favored by whatever means over the growth of barbed ends in the network.

210 The regulation of free barbed ends is central to the control of dynamic actin a

211 that Ena's enhanced processivity on trailing barbed ends is specific to fascin bundles, with no enhan

212 opodial base and diffuse toward the filament barbed ends near the tip.

213 he cell allow capping protein to bind to the barbed ends of actin filaments and Arp2/3 complex to bin

214 concentration of capping protein, which caps barbed ends of actin filaments and prevents elongation,

215 pping protein (CP) binds the rapidly growing barbed ends of actin filaments and prevents the addition

216 muscles near or on sarcomere Z lines, where barbed ends of actin filaments are anchored.

217 The barbed ends of actin filaments in striated muscle are an

218 e interaction of N-WASP with GRB2 and/or the barbed ends of actin filaments increases its exchange ra

219 min proteins associate processively with the barbed ends of actin filaments through many rounds of ac

220 ive activity of lamellipodia, depends on the barbed ends of actin filaments, and requires both the LI

221 also demonstrate that Aip1 does not cap the barbed ends of actin filaments, as was previously though

222 motility is driven by actin assembly at the barbed ends of core bundles, which in turn is linked to

223 Myosin-5 walks toward the barbed ends of F-actin, traveling to sites of actin poly

224 threefold longer processive runs on trailing barbed ends of fascin-bundled F-actin.

225 Moreover, enhanced processivity on trailing barbed ends of fascin-bundled filaments is an evolutiona

226 Aip1 does not cap the barbed ends of filaments severed by cofilin.

227 Capping protein (CP) binds to barbed ends of growing actin filaments and inhibits elon

228 atory factors IRTKS and EPS8 localize to the barbed ends of motile microvilli, where they control the

229 ngly, a loss of the uniform alignment of the barbed ends of the actin filaments.

230 ion due to addition of actin monomers to the barbed ends of the filaments.

231 ing nurse cell dumping, Enabled localizes to barbed ends of the nurse cell actin filaments, suggestin

232 nd Arp2/3 can each generate a large pulse of barbed ends on their own, but have little synergy; high

233 een inferred that the regulation of filament barbed ends plays a central role in choreographing actin

234 and promotes its displacement from filament barbed ends providing insight into possible modes of coo

235 gonizes capping protein but dissociates from barbed ends relatively quickly.

236 ly less effective at processively elongating barbed ends than most well studied formins.

237 filaments are uniformly oriented with their barbed ends toward stereocilia tips.

238 recently demonstrated how Spire, which caps barbed ends via its WH2 domains, activates Fmn2.

239 nds but is rapidly recruited to Spire-capped barbed ends via the KIND domain, and it subsequently dis

240 d, with mDia1 moving processively on growing barbed ends while APC remained at the site of nucleation

241 eing rapidly polymerized by formins at their barbed ends while simultanteously being stochastically s

242 arms to processively track growing filament barbed ends while three G-actin-binding sites (GABs) on

243 tivating Arp2/3, N-WASP binds actin-filament barbed ends, and both N-WASP and barbed ends are tightly

244 resulting from addition of monomers to free barbed ends, and one with slow turnover dynamics with po

245 te, and bundle filaments by associating with barbed ends, as well as in their use of WH2 motifs and o

246 Two important regulators of free barbed ends, cofilin and Arp2/3, have been shown to work

247 ts Fmn2 and facilitates its association with barbed ends, followed by rapid processive assembly and r

248 itate the localized generation of free actin barbed ends, leading to membrane protrusion.

249 e formation of a ternary complex at filament barbed ends, or by nucleation and interaction at filamen

250 Barbed ends, protected by Cappuccino, grow away from the

251 athway where filaments grow transiently from barbed ends, rapidly terminate growth to enter a long-li

252 We show that by capping filament barbed ends, Spire recruits Fmn2 and facilitates its ass

253 drugs that release mDia1 from actin filament barbed ends, stimulated stable MT formation in serum-sta

254 Capping protein (CP) binds to free barbed ends, thereby arresting microfilament growth and

255 tivity, and elevated formation of actin free barbed ends, thus restoring normal beta(2) integrin func

256 Ena/VASP proteins regulate actin dynamics at barbed ends, we monitored individual actin filaments gro

257 Drosophila Fhod binds tightly to barbed ends, where it slows elongation in the absence of

258 ing and remains bound to the newly generated barbed ends.

259 and restraining elongation to remaining free barbed ends.

260 ely active, diffusing freely to find and cap barbed ends.

261 han the diffusion-limited rate of unattached barbed ends.

262 gather and simultaneously elongate multiple barbed ends.

263 mn2 alternately kick off each other from the barbed ends.

264 opodia-like F-actin networks without tapered barbed ends.

265 vivo, and is proposed to cap actin filament barbed ends.

266 nishing the filament subpopulation with free barbed ends.

267 rization of actin filaments by capping their barbed ends.

268 ation of active ADF/cofilin and free F-actin barbed ends.

269 In addition, the C terminus binds filament barbed ends.

270 g activity of cofilin to generate actin-free barbed ends.

271 o control cofilin's generation of actin-free barbed ends.

272 port of G-actin monomers to the polymerizing barbed ends.

273 and delivering ATP-actin to growing filament barbed ends.

274 in-mediated processive elongation of growing barbed ends.

275 y displaces the Bnr1 FH2 domain from growing barbed ends.

276 estering actin monomers and capping filament barbed ends.

277 (CAPZ), which blocks actin polymerization at barbed ends.

278 Localization of Fhos to the barbed-ends of the arrays, achieved via a novel N-termin

279 trollers for the topologies of rachidial and barb generative zones (setting vane boundaries), respect

280 containing Iberian lines and a North African Barb Horse.

281 e adhesion force and the cooperation between barbs in the 0-2 mm and 2-4 mm regions appears critical

282 Barbs located near the first geometrical transition zone

283 ver, changes both in species composition and barb morphology can be directly linked to a paucity of f

284 l organization of the keratin matrix feather barbs of the crown.

285 y developed slightly but significantly fewer barbs on their stings (-7% in the 40K-treated bees).

286 ing whether they associate with the filament barbed or pointed end.

287 During exocytosis, the barbed part of the tubule is accelerated with >5 million

288 lack of obvious histodifferentiation of the barb rami or rachis suggests that these feathers could h

289 of the ventral components of the rachis and barb rami.

290 cortex and medullary pith of the rachis and barb rami.

291 The intermediate nature of the crown barbs, resulting from past admixture appears to have ren

292 In barb ridges, epidermal progenitors generate cylindrical,

293 Dynamic scaling analysis of the single barb scattering data implies that the phase separation a

294 netration and high tissue adhesion where the barbs specifically contribute to adhesion and unexpected

295 flexible N-terminal TSC1 core domains and a barbed "tail" makes up the TSC1 coiled-coil-TBC1D7 junct

296 Plants and animals use plumes, barbs, tails, feathers, hairs and fins to aid locomotion

297 ature microscopic backward-facing deployable barbs that are used in self-defense.

298 that the force transmitted from the surface barbs to the remainder of the skeletal system was maximi

299 alled nematocytes which fire a venom-covered barb via an unknown triggering mechanism.

300 The dual functions of barbs were reproduced with replica molded synthetic poly