ライフサイエンスコーパス: beam

1 ocused hard X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beam.

2 intrinsic partial coherence of the electron beam.

3 deliver container free samples to the X-ray beam.

4 to the nonuniform illumination by the X-ray beam.

5 ose delivered from a 200 MeV pulsed electron beam.

6 vented the full usage of a high-flux density beam.

7 ers were consecutively peeled off by the ion beam.

8 ofile was consistent with a tightly focussed beam.

9 s well-preserved transverse coherence of the beam.

10 kes drag and thus form a continuous particle beam.

11 to reconstruct the spectrum of the gamma-ray beam.

12 uenced balance performance when walking on a beam.

13 f twisted space-frequency and space-time GSM beams.

14 y and space-time Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beams.

15 media including relativistic charge particle beams.

16 and helical phase front optical vortex (OV) beams.

17 tally, achieving kaleidoscopic vector vortex beams.

18 acute exposures of monoenergetic single-ion beams.

19 spread and longitudinal profile of electron beams.

20 ally assigned larger weights than low-energy beams.

21 rated using both Gaussian and Bessel writing beams.

22 acold atomic systems, and even with electron beams.

23 For a proton beam, 1.9 x 10(6) neutron captures per RBE weighted Gray

24 manufacturing, with the help of focused-ion-beam, a mum-scale device containing only one phase-TaGeI

25 Cylindrical vector vortex beams, a particular class of higher-order Poincare spher

26 f the recently developed technique of single-beam acoustical tweezers to trap microbubbles, an import

27 framework that combines 3D sparse-view cone-beam acquisition with a multi-slice residual dense netwo

28 tified the direction of the bat's head/sonar beam aim and echolocation call rate as it tracked a targ

29 s is however made difficult by variations in beam alignment, laser intensity, and sample conditions.

30 antly increased by guiding the probing light beam along the channel length via multiple reflections b

31 The propagation of the beam along the optical system has been studied using the

32 n two harmonically modulated polarised laser beams - an 'object beam' that passes through the sample

33 We show how complementary ion beam analysis techniques, particle-induced X-ray emissio

34 Using ion beam analysis through particle induced X-ray emission (P

35 the system is much larger than the Gaussian beam and can be considered to be infinite.

36 pin-orbit excited molecular ions with merged beam and electrostatic trap experiments.

37 , the square-shaped EBG reformed the maximum beam and enhanced the far-field gain pattern in the desi

38 as cluster ion beam SEM into existing single-beam and multibeam SEM workflows should be straightforwa

39 e excitation of guided modes by the electron beam and their efficient detection via photons emitted i

40 We simulate the generated beams and find that the following can be achieved: (a) m

41 spatial fibre modes, cylindrical vector (CV) beams and helical phase front optical vortex (OV) beams.

42 ties in the phases of the 200-kilowatt laser beams and in the positions of the 40-kilogram mirrors of

43 Our system does not require auxiliary beams and only minor reconfiguration for different wavel

44 ations in signal processing, supercollimated beams, and communications.

45 anoimprinting, extreme ultraviolet, electron beams, and scanning probe litho-graphy are candidates fo

46 l system has been studied using the Gaussian beam approximation to design the incident beam such that

47 ensity-modulated proton therapy, high-energy beams are usually assigned larger weights than low-energ

48 icular class of higher-order Poincare sphere beams, are generalized forms of waves carrying orbital a

49 wheel that presents the liquid to the laser beam as a thin film.

50 nnected to the sliding end of the deformable beam as design parameters.

51 shed by a current winding around the optical beam axis with a magnitude proportional to its quantized

52 Though beam-based lattices have dominated mechanical metamateri

53 spare healthy brain compared to proton broad beams (BBs).

54 learance in bone marrow mononuclear cells by BEAMing (beads, emulsion, amplification, magnetics) digi

55 s pairwise interactions between self-trapped beams both in the short range where there is significant

56 e due to the presence of the reflections and beam broadening arising from the quasi-conformal mapping

57 hy participants could walk along a 30mm-wide beam by a factor of 2.0, compared to when the GyBAR was

58 h to arbitrarily shape propagation-invariant beams by smart beam design based on caustics.

59 The particle beam can also be switched to different lateral positions

60 ng stiffness of the biomimetic scale covered beam can be actively and reversibly tuned by a factor of

61 The proton beam can be focussed via target design to achieve except

62 f vanishing pressure of a propagating vortex beam can confine a microbubble by forcing low-amplitude,

63 ations for soft tissue imaging, the acoustic beams can also be used for sensing and actuation for bio

64 Scanned proton beams can be used as a tool for catheter-free ablation,

65 We estimate that such beams can generate fluences exceeding 10 mJ/cm(2), which

66 a helical phasefront rotating around its own beam center.

67 lse shape caused an 80% increase in electron beam charge, despite the pulse length changing by just 1

68 We demonstrate that quadratic beam cleanup is accompanied by significant self-focusing

69 localize high stress near the surface of the beam close to the anchor.

70 their magnetic moments, the electrons form a beam collimated along the magnetic-field lines.

71 indings from periapical radiographs and Cone Beam Computed Tomographies (CBCT) were analyzed to asses

72 urements were performed on verification cone beam computed tomographies with the planned paths superi

73 It is unknown whether cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image reconstruction cha

74 l artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) on the diagnostic accura

75 lants on the change of BBT according to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan analysis.

76 and density changes as quantified on a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan.

77 y was to apply texture analysis (TA) to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients with g

78 y be detected as incidental findings in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

79 1) to compare two phases of dual-phase cone beam computed tomography (DP-CBCT) achieved before and a

80 Corresponding cone-beam computed tomography images were used to measure the

81 Cone beam computed tomography was used to evaluate 200 patien

82 s were also evaluated radiographically (cone-beam computed tomography).

83 the augmented tissues were evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography, microcomputed tomography, and

84 In the large beam configuration (60 x 60 cm2), 54 special housing cag

85 High energy electron beams consisting of a long train of dense bunches of par

86 etic-controlled particle, and 3) an electron-beam-controlled reversible microactuator with sub-microm

87 y analyze the bending behavior of biomimetic beams covered with tunable stiffness scales of two archi

88 Cryo-focused-ion-beam (cryo-FIB) milling has been used to carve (micromac

89 parallel computing with GPU enables the cone-beam CT dose estimation nearly in real-time.

90 on on clinically diverse dataset of 637 cone beam CT volumes, with mandibular canals being coarsely a

91 bruary 2010 and October 2019 with collimated-beam CT-guided percutaneous FICS procedures for preventi

92 ety, and palliative durability of collimated-beam CT-guided percutaneous fixation with internal cemen

93 lity for applications demanding high average beam current.

94 oscopy techniques that minimize the electron beam damage for the extraction of intrinsic structural i

95 atter interaction and mechanisms of electron beam damage.

96 Our combination of crossed molecular beam data with electronic structure calculations and qua

97 x-ray sources due to their relatively large beam-defining apertures or focal spots.

98 The approach produces accurate beam deflection predictions in the fringe field region a

99 Using this form of beam delivery strategy cannot effectively use the biolog

100 he enhanced biological effects using a novel beam delivery strategy with elevated LET.

101 ion to FLACS, as it may interfere with laser beam delivery, thus causing unpredictable capsulorhexis

102 ass-selective, soft-landing electrospray ion beam deposition and imaged by low-temperature scanning t

103 y shape propagation-invariant beams by smart beam design based on caustics.

104 ser of wavelength 1.030 mum were used with a beam diameter of 1 mm and scanning speeds ranging from 5

105 tality data created as a function of various beam diameter, pulse width, and power conditions at visi

106 ferent forms, including: (1) a Gaussian-like beam dot that revolves around a central axis, and (2) a

107 thesis activation, ion bombardment, electron beam drilling, and nanolithography, are worthy of a crit

108 Proton beams driven by chirped pulse amplified lasers have mult

109 The beam duration of hundreds of ns to tens of [Formula: see

110 XRF imaging at multiple incident beam energies revealed that this As was mostly arsenate,

111 ned at standard vacuum conditions) at a high beam energy of 20 keV.

112 On-chip planar photonic waveguide-based beam engineering offers the potential to efficiently man

113 ating meta-structure which performs photonic beam engineering.

114 Using molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE), a series of single crystal Mn(x) Fe(

115 Sr(3) SnO single-crystal films by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE).

116 n on a p-type Si(111) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

117 cubic GaN grown by plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy (PA-MBE) over GaAs (001) substrates.

118 would take several days to grow by molecular-beam epitaxy are deposited in 8 minutes by close-spaced

119 techniques for borophene, such as molecular beam epitaxy, atomic layer deposition, and chemical vapo

120 ng a combination of reactive oxide molecular-beam epitaxy, substitutional diffusion and in-situ angle

121 omain transmission spectroscopy on molecular beam epitaxy-grown thin films of YbRh(2)Si(2), a model s

122 n on Si and sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy.

123 by controlling the termination via molecular beam epitaxy.

124 nd demonstrate various propagation-invariant beams experimentally, ranging from simple geometric shap

125 We found that the SR X-ray beam exposure induces changes in the oxidation state and

126 e electron microscope scan time and electron beam exposure with minimal information loss.

127 inear resonance ionisation at the ISOLDE ion-beam facility at CERN.

128 ly activated fluorophores with an excitation beam featuring a central zero-intensity point, the nanos

129 This is achieved by high-speed focused ion beam (FIB) milling though the application of a Xe(+) Pla

130 tectors can be integrated into a focused ion beam (FIB) system which, assembled with scanning electro

131 illed into thin lamellae using a focused-ion beam (FIB).

132 he technology is scalable, and it allows for beam focusing and steering and for structured illuminati

133 -angle X-ray scattering with a polychromatic beam for in vivo estimation of brain amyloid burden.

134 s to rapidly and precisely reconfigure light beams for the optical stimulation of neurons in vivo has

135 significant self-focusing of the fundamental beam, for both positive and negative signs of the linear

136 This direction information is crucial for beam forming and steering, which are fundamental operati

137 fractions over 2 to 6 weeks, with individual beam fractions as low as 0.1 to 0.2 mGy.

138 t it should be possible to create a UV light beam from aspherical air bubble collapse near a gallium-

139 he efficient and flexible generation of such beams from a compact laser source at practical output po

140 ntly manipulate photons to create excitation beams (Gaussian, focused and collimated) for lab-on-chip

141 ion of proteins induced by a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) leads to peptide cleavage producing fragment

142 Novel forms of beam generation and propagation based on orbital angular

143 aved shared-aperture metasurfaces for vortex beam generation are either severely limited by bulky opt

144 By combining parallel and cone beam geometry, autopsy samples with a maximum cross sect

145 Using the zoom capability of the cone beam geometry, regions-of-interest are reconstructed wit

146 or chemical transport, and mirrors for laser beam guidance.

147 ased on phase manipulation, such as external beam guiding, and present a new method for measuring the

148 scent particles pass through a focused laser beam has enabled quantitative characterization of a broa

149 us interface is characterized by an electron beam heating technique with high measurement spatial res

150 This renders a collimated incident beam, hence least angular dispersion, yielding a stronge

151 (OAM) intrinsically carried by vortex light beams holds a promise for multidimensional high-capacity

152 of mobile receivers using narrow directional beams, how do the nodes rapidly locate each other?

153 than one order of magnitude than a Gaussian beam illumination and matched exactly those of quantitat

154 maging approaches (including multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC)), h

155 Combining our method with multiplexed ion beam imaging by time of flight (MIBI-TOF), we uncovered

156 Raman or Brillouin amplification of a laser beam in plasma has long been seen as a way to reach mult

157 troscopy measurements on bunched fast atomic beams in a collinear geometry.

158 self-cleaning of a highly multimode optical beam, in the process of second-harmonic generation in a

159 projectiles can be mitigated by reducing the beam incidence angle with respect to the surface normal

160 ar and animal model systems to 33 sequential beams including 4 proton energies plus degrader, 4 heliu

161 ssful generation of various structured light beams including high-order linearly polarized spatial fi

162 competition assay whereby two targeted light beams independently activate mechanosensory bristle neur

163 ion of Ru nanostructures by focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) requires suitable precur

164 MS boosts ionization yield and decreases ion-beam induced fragmentation, greatly improving the detect

165 We found that beam-induced degradation of the perovskite leads to an i

166 hat eliminates buckling and reduces electron beam-induced particle movement to less than 1 angstrom.

167 Current approaches for the control of the beam intensity based on PCD employ a full-pulse analysis

168 orentz reciprocity by reflecting an incident beam into far-field radiation in forward scattering, but

169 f self-organized patterns due to cluster ion beam irradiation.

170 Twenty-five animals received scanned proton beam irradiation.

171 Chimera analyses demonstrate that the PIEZO2 beam is a key region tuning MA-mediated channel inhibiti

172 ng for the partial coherence of the electron beam is a prerequisite for high-quality structural recon

173 ture of the parent molecule in the molecular beam is reasonably derived.

174 ffective and accurate when the focused laser beam is well approximated by an infinite Gaussian beam w

175 -field properties, we reveal that the vortex beam lasing can be switched to linearly polarized beam l

176 lasing can be switched to linearly polarized beam lasing, or vice versa, with switching times of 1 to

177 An accelerating Airy-beam light-sheet critically enabled imaging areas that w

178 semiconductors using variable dose electron-beam lithography (EBL).

179 In) using a hybrid method utilizing electron-beam lithography and soft lithography.

180 -jet printing, screen printing, and electron-beam lithography, whose limitations have hampered rapid

181 f thermally responsive systems with a narrow beam, low power, and low cost 405 nm laser perturbs the

182 nable to crack-free 3D printing via electron beam melting (EBM) with preheat as well as selective las

183 is paper introduces a differential vibrating beam MEMS accelerometer demonstrating excellent long-ter

184 These results demonstrate that vibrating beam MEMS accelerometers can be employed for measurement

185 laser spectroscopic techniques in molecular beams merged with theoretical approaches have proven to

186 )), is measured using single-edge precracked beam method and simulated using reactive molecular dynam

187 s is also applicable for other types of dual-beam microscopes equipped with a cryo-stage.

188 CrossBeam) are routinely referred to as dual-beam microscopes, and they are equipped with a cryo-stag

189 on microscopy who get basic training in dual-beam microscopy can complete the protocol within 2-3 d,

190 ree-dimensional cryogenic SR and focused ion beam-milled block-face EM across entire vitreously froze

191 amino acids were detected using focused-ion-beam-modified ultrashort cantilevers.

192 to these high energy and high dose-per-pulse beams must be well understood.

193 phene microparticles with the use of a laser beam of a few hundred milliwatts of power.

194 We used a beam of positrons with kinetic energies of [Formula: see

195 e experiments were conducted at the Petawatt beam of the Dresden Laser Acceleration Source Draco and

196 The 1064 nm laser beam of the handheld Raman instrument was used to partia

197 reconfigurable systems powered by solitonic beams of self-trapped light and their particlelike inter

198 In this paper, ultrasound beams of specific shapes were designed by numerical mode

199 and Lieb (pseudospin-1) lattices with vortex beams of topological charge l, optimally aligned with a

200 e irradiation of multiple interference laser beams onto different facets of the parent azopolymeric m

201 at room temperature with an optimized double-beam optical setup that adjusts the path length (26 mum)

202 ultivariate concentric square field, balance beam, or Morris water maze tasks, but reduced swimming s

203 may be highly relativistic and geometrically beamed, or FRB-like events associated with SGR bursts ma

204 on single nanostructures by X-rays, electron beams, or tunnelling microscopies, is invasive and damag

205 example, nanoscale precise imaging by rapid beam oscillation (nSPIRO) is a super-resolution microsco

206 ental measurements are performed for various beams, phantoms and geometries.

207 time, lowering the stress while bending the beam plastically.

208 rgy exchange with the background plasma, the beam population slowly loses its energy and heats the ba

209 bunched structure of the very long electron beam produced spectral lines that were observed to have

210 The laser beam profile was determined to be Gaussian using a knife

211 Starting with the desired diffraction beam profile, we apply an inverse model to evaluate the

212 ctures during the interaction with the laser beam - provided further reduction in SEY comparable to t

213 Multi-beam ptychography approach increases the imaging speed,

214 r with those obtained by conventional single-beam ptychography in sequence.

215 Ophthalmic treatment included external beam radiation (30-40 Gy) in 6 eyes, intravitreous melph

216 ting experiments in such a way that electron beam radiation can be used to obtain answers for scienti

217 fficacy was not influenced by prior external-beam radiation therapy (79.1% vs. 82.1%, P = 0.55), andr

218 ve-sparing prostatectomy (n = 675), external beam radiation therapy (EBRT; n = 261), or low-dose-rate

219 y (androgen deprivation therapy and external-beam radiation therapy).

220 External beam radiation, intravitreous melphalan, and systemic ch

221 laque radiotherapy (7.0% vs. 5.2%), external beam radiotherapy (1.4% vs. 1.3%), enucleation (0.9% vs.

222 T) or a brachytherapy boost (BT) to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) have been shown to improve vari

223 ods: Six cell lines were exposed to external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or (177)Lu-DOTATATE, after whic

224 her with plaque radiotherapy (n = 3), proton beam radiotherapy (n = 1), external beam radiotherapy (n

225 , proton beam radiotherapy (n = 1), external beam radiotherapy (n = 1), systemic chemotherapy (n = 4)

226 d for in vitro cell cultures or for external-beam radiotherapy clinical studies.

227 Results: Clonogenic survival after external-beam radiotherapy was cell-line-specific, indicating var

228 ver, the high intensity and brightness of SR beams raise important issues regarding the potential dam

229 negative pions (- pai), and helium (He) ion beams resulted in 10, 17 and 1.3 times larger Gd neutron

230 re efficiency, low-power, minimal cost, wide beam scanning angle and broad bandwidth, over phased arr

231 ging of parental genomes we used focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) to study the

232 We demonstrate gas cluster ion beam scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in which wide-a

233 Focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy of infected cells vali

234 ally carotenoids, and whole-cell focused ion-beam scanning-electron microscopy revealed a deficiency

235 d via e.g., nanoscale-resolution focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) nano-tomogra

236 By utilizing focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy with serial surface im

237 A custom nonlinear optical beam-scanning microscope enabled patterned illumination

238 e 3D reconstruction method using Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM) can be appli

239 l imaging of single cells by gas cluster ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry (GCIB-SIMS) to dire

240 Incorporating gas cluster ion beam SEM into existing single-beam and multibeam SEM wor

241 s toward the electron microscopic imaging of beam-sensitive materials and associated materials scienc

242 ials science applications of a wide range of beam-sensitive materials, including metal-organic framew

243 The combination of both aspects, beam shaping and multivariate analysis, overcomes curren

244 surface plasmon resonance system by Gaussian beam shaping and multivariate data analysis.

245 y filter, circumventing the need for complex beam shaping apparatus.

246 stem utilizing a spatial light modulator for beam shaping is used to benchmark our implementation.

247 Modern beam shaping techniques have enabled the generation of o

248 steering and for structured illumination via beam shaping.

249 ight fields such as Bessel, Airy, or Mathieu beams show high robustness and have a self-healing natur

250 Optical and electron beam simulations are used to rationalize the observed pa

251 In this study, cone-beam single projection and axial CT scans are modeled wi

252 condary structures investigated by molecular beam spectroscopy are described, and the influences of s

253 Two identical bosons impinging on a beam splitter (of transmittance 1/2) cannot be detected

254 sh that partial time reversal transforms the beam splitter linear coupling into amplification.

255 High-Q beam splitters are also demonstrated.

256 onducting accelerator provides unprecedented beam stability within a pulse train.

257 tasurface can achieve Q-factors >2,500 while beam steering light to particular directions.

258 dly wavelength-swept lasers and inertia-free beam steering through angular dispersion.

259 jectory simulations discloses that molecular beam studies merged with dynamics simulations have advan

260 an beam approximation to design the incident beam such that the beam waist is aligned precisely and t

261 ere, we report the use of fast low-dose pink-beam synchrotron X-ray tomography in combination with me

262 e we use a magnetically controlled molecular beam technique to study the collision of rotationally or

263 gital nanosized electrodes using focused ion beam technology.

264 stimuli, head tremor and deficits in balance beam tests that are consistent with abnormal vestibular

265 tallography using a microfocused synchrotron beam that allowed for the collection of two series of 40

266 he use of a low-power continuous-wave vortex beam that traps and transports light-absorbing particles

267 ore the generation of dynamic spatiotemporal beams that combine these two forms of orbital-angular-mo

268 ibutes such as a construct of force-carrying beams that emanate from the eyes.

269 rough the sample under test and a 'reference beam' that bypasses the sample.

270 modulated polarised laser beams - an 'object beam' that passes through the sample under test and a 'r

271 When exposed to a slow electron beam, the NPs exhibit a charge/discharge behavior, light

272 The lateral position of the particle beam then is flexibly controlled by simultaneously energ

273 Proton beam therapy offers radiophysical properties that are ap

274 ted orbit was treated with 20 Gy of external beam therapy; sham therapy was given to the other side.

275 aneously imaged by spatially separated X-ray beams, therefore, the obtained field-of-view in one scan

276 in, lasers, electron injection, electron/ion beams, thermal loss of stoichiometry, and chemical treat

277 cal applications, transmitting an ultrasound beam through the skin to manipulate a solid object withi

278 and reintroduced, allowing the self-trapped beam to be rapidly and repeatedly switched on and off at

279 th different polarization states of the pump beam to demonstrate the capability of controlling the in

280 transfer of optical spin from a chiral light beam to produce an electronic torque that replicates the

281 omechanical pull-in instability, causing the beam to snap in after traversing a section of the airgap

282 r system is used with the 100 MeV/n H and He beams to provide a nearly continuous distribution of low

283 ately predicts the deflection of an electron beam trajectory in the vicinity of the fringing field of

284 electron accelerators and high-rate electron beam treatment (ELT) of water and wastewater.

285 Here we present a 16-beam, two-photon microscope to monitor activity across t

286 on to design the incident beam such that the beam waist is aligned precisely and that stability is as

287 molecule, dosed with an energetic molecular beam, was into a metastable chemisorption state.

288 he corresponding polarization profile of the beam, where [Formula: see text] The participants were ab

289 entional quantum probe, an entangled neutron beam, where individual neutrons can be entangled in spin

290 bending behavior of biomimetic scale covered beam, which are strongly dependent on the scale material

291 atedly switchable self-trapped visible laser beams, which exhibit strong pairwise interactions, can b

292 r separation distances of up to 10 times the beam width--where such overlap is negligible.

293 que on the support surface is limited by the beam width.

294 ncy near DC is achieved using only one laser beam with 15 uW of power.

295 ocal thermal excitations, a focused electron beam with a graphic pattern generator to "print" skyrmio

296 2) a Laguerre-Gaussian ([Formula: see text]) beam with a helical phasefront rotating around its own b

297 is well approximated by an infinite Gaussian beam with a waist that is small compared to the size of

298 tensity 4 x 10(18) W/cm(2), producing proton beams with 3 MeV slope temperature.

299 solution spectrometry of high-flux gamma-ray beams with energies per photon in the multi-GeV range.

300 ight be useful for generating spatiotemporal beams with even more sophisticated dynamic properties.