ライフサイエンスコーパス: biochar

1 tional amendment of pyrolyzed waste biomass (biochar).

2 onents, including the charcoal black carbon (biochar).

3 t is promoted as a C sequestration strategy (biochar).

4 ent along the edges of multisheets composing biochar.

5 heets is likely to dominate on 700 degrees C biochar.

6 ient-rich organic matter, e.g., co-composted biochar.

7 lant performance observed in the presence of biochar.

8 arising from additions of sugarcane-derived biochar.

9 o not represent soil carbon sequestration or biochar.

10 ay biochar), as compared to untreated bamboo biochar.

11 ined TOrCs more effectively than 1.0 wt % BN-biochar.

12 O(2) production of 106.3 +/- 5.1 mumol g(-1) biochar.

13 oli can form biofilms on the surfaces of the biochar.

14 stration potentials than most slow-pyrolysis biochars.

15 vailability parameters for PAHs in two model biochars.

16 s of PAHs (i.e., bioacessibility) in the two biochars.

17 short-term laboratory incubation besides two biochars.

18 lowest for Dowex Mac 3 (5 L) and highest for biochar (19 L).

19 The addition of biochar (33 ton dry biochar ha(-1)) gave rise to a sharp

20 adsorption of 165 organic compounds onto 50 biochars, 34 carbon nanotubes, 35 GACs, and 30 polymeric

21 Here, we aged a wood biochar (550 degrees C) by chemical oxidation with 5-15%

22 Biochar, a form of pyrogenic carbon, can contribute to a

23 us material (n-PCM) derived from pecan shell biochar, a model for natural chars and human-made chars

24 results show that a suitable distribution of biochar across global croplands (i.e., one application o

25 uel soot, biomass char), engineered carbons (biochar, activated carbon), and related materials like g

26 The introduction of biochar, activated carbon, and other carbonaceous materi

27 Biochar addition also increased the contents of macronut

28 ith previous studies our results showed that biochar addition can lead to a significant decrease in N

29 Furthermore, biochar addition led to a significant increase in transc

30 The effect of biochar addition on the levels of black carbon (BC) and

31 emissions from soil carbon sequestration and biochar addition to land, and also the potential global

32 the system (e.g. organic manure amendments, biochar addition); (e) provision of additional C inputs

33 Biochar adsorbents can cost less and sequester carbon; h

34 by pulverized granular activated carbon and biochar adsorption in deionized water and stormwater was

35 Biochar affected differently shoot and root length of cr

36 cosm experiments to test the hypothesis that biochar altered the structure and function of stream ben

37 However, when DMPP was applied to the biochar amended soil, a counteracting effect was observe

38 nhanced stormwater control measures, such as biochar-amended biofilters, reduce both pesticide storm

39 nstrate enhanced TOrC biodegradation and (2) biochar-amended sand bearing DOC-cultivated biofilms wou

40 fold higher than that of E. coli K12 in all biochar-amended sand columns.

41 esses that cause N2O emission suppression in biochar-amended soils are still poorly understood.

42 ion of trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) in biochar-amended stormwater biofilters.

43 findings highlight the valuable services of biochar amendment for CH4 control from paddy soil in a f

44 Soil biochar amendment has been proposed as a promising tool

45 Soil biochar amendment has been shown to significantly decrea

46 Consequently, biochar amendment has the potential to broadly improve w

47 plausible mechanism for CH(4) mitigation by biochar amendment in anaerobic environments.

48 ity during microbial incubations with active biochar amendment.

49 duction was observed with chemically reduced biochar amendment.

50 The efficiency of binding of C(free) PAHs by biochar and AC increased with time.

51 C(free)) of PAHs in soils amended with 2.5% biochar and activated carbon (AC) during a long-term (18

52 To assess the effectiveness of biochar and activated carbon (AC) for enhanced trace org

53 While both biochar and activated carbon slowed growth compared to u

54 substantially underestimate the organic O in biochar and adversely impact the accuracy of O:C ratios

55 lding together the amorphous carbon units of biochar and C60 packing in the nC60 superstructure.

56 ater adsorption capacity for Cd(II) than the biochar and citric acid modified rice straw.

57 these results suggest that coamendment with biochar and compost may robustly enhance TOrC attenuatio

58 c communities were simultaneously exposed to biochar and Cu, effects were primarily associated with m

59 iple agricultural practices such as tillage, biochar and different nutrient applications could influe

60 fficient working land to apply all available biochar and digestate, although land becomes a constrain

61 edominance of fulvic acid-like structures in biochar and lignin-like moieties in bio-oil.

62 Adsorption on a biochar and reference adsorbent graphite was conducted o

63 The performances of biochar and teff straw were assessed based on the operat

64 ion of mineral species into the pores of the biochar and the formation of mineral nanostructures.

65 n the negative emission potential of SCS and biochar and their potential advantages compared to other

66 Wheat straw biochars and ash exhibited equivalent or marginally high

67 washing removed 17% of the structural O from biochars and significantly changes O/C ratios.

68 roduction and use of wood biochar, biosolids biochar, and coal-derived PAC to remove sulfamethoxazole

69 available absorbent materials such as sand, biochar, and teff straw in a media.

70 triple super phosphate (TSP), and bone meal biochar] and hematite were applied at a molar ratio of P

71 Our results indicate that biochar application considerably increases particulate e

72 er spinach increased by 40.1% under the high biochar application rate of 48 t ha(-1) (HBC), which was

73 raw, or manure), and their interactions with biochar application rates, soil properties, and environm

74 Biochar application to croplands has been proposed as a

75 In this sense, biochar application to low-quality soils where high yiel

76 ify the environmental impacts of large-scale biochar application.

77 mitigation, including additional effects of biochar applications on greenhouse gas balances.

78 pening new potential areas and scenarios for biochar applications.

79 udy evaluated the synergic effect of a woody biochar applied with DMPP on soil N(2)O emissions.

80 Charcoal and biochar are commonly used as analogues for each other to

81 ucture, degradation pathway, and porosity of biochar are observed at pyrolysis temperatures ranging f

82 the common notion that natural charcoal and biochar are well suited as proxies for each other, and s

83 Biochars are obtained by pyrolyzing biomass materials an

84 his work describes for first time the use of biochar as electrode modifier in combination with differ

85 It was found that, by adding biochar as the sole electron acceptor in an anaerobic en

86 ing wastewater biosolids-derived biochar (WB-biochar) as a catalyst was investigated to decrease bio-

87 ted by iron-sulfate-clay slurries (iron-clay biochar), as compared to untreated bamboo biochar.

88 The porosity of the biochar, as measured by NMR cryoporosimetry, is altered

89 minerals (CaSiO(3)), fused Ca-Mg-phosphates, biochar, ash, diatomaceous earth, and municipal sewage s

90 ume is observed in the kaolinite-infiltrated biochar at 550 degrees C, which is attributed to the blo

91 ical processes (e.g., aeolian transport) for biochar-based carbon sequestration programs.

92 onia gas (NH(3)(g)) sorbents and compared to biochar (BC) and a metal-organic framework (MOF).

93 was successfully decorated on the surface of biochar (BC).

94 N removed) were lower for clinoptilolite and biochar because of their substantially lower unit cost.

95 minants, we quantified PAH concentrations in biochars before and after three different incubation exp

96 e should be included with estimates of other biochar benefits, such as crop yield increase, soil wate

97 impacts from the production and use of wood biochar, biosolids biochar, and coal-derived PAC to remo

98 and nanostructure of gasification charcoal (biochar) by comparing it with heat-treated fullerene arc

99 e, suggesting that utilizing sand mixed with biochar can act as a promising biofilter capable of prot

100 study shows that the chemical reactivity of biochar can also stimulate anaerobic oxidation of CH(4)

101 While it is clear that biochar can alter soil N2O emissions, data on NO impacts

102 tiveness in soil conditioning and reveal how biochar can alter specific bacterial metabolic pathways.

103 Digestate and biochar can be land applied to sequester carbon and impr

104 In a case study, we show that CFI biochar can provide substantial amounts of B to rapeseed

105 This work suggests that biochar can serve as a beneficial soil amendment while m

106 Owing to the production process, biochars can contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (P

107 ther solid materials, such as coal, coke, or biochar, can hardly be analyzed by liquid state NMR due

108 n trade-off between bioenergy production and biochar carbon sequestration in Stockholm's context is d

109 lates to an increase in the estimated global biochar carbon sequestration potential to over 2.6 Gt CO

110 carbon sources-such as coal, petroleum coke, biochar, carbon black, discarded food, rubber tyres and

111 WB-biochar catalyst increased the py-gas yield nearly 2-fol

112 was significantly lower in trays containing biochar compared to the results from the controls.

113 f ruminants suggests that quality-controlled biochar containing <10 mg/kg(dw) PAHs will not pose an i

114 Biochar contains both organic and inorganic forms of O,

115 Biochar could be implemented in combination with bioener

116 In soils, biochar could change its role over time through alterati

117 ity and bioaccessibility in sediments, while biochar could impact sediment microbial ecology.

118 Biochar could improve productivity of degraded pasturela

119 filtration basin amended with F300-AC or MCG-biochar could obtain sorption-retarded breakthrough time

120 Our results suggest that aging of biochar could reverse its capacity for the adsorption of

121 tial, AM-enriched biochar facilitates viable biochar deployment for carbon sequestration purposes wit

122 ly adsorbed both ammonium and phosphate when biochar derived organic matter (BDOM) was included.

123 e clay, at lower pyrolysis temperatures, the biochar develops a higher pore volume, while at higher t

124 Except for potassium, AC or biochar did not negatively impact nutrient availability.

125 G) emissions and carbon storage potential of biochar, digested solids, and composted digested solids

126 han in control soil, demonstrating that this biochar diminishes the efficiency of the DMPP both at lo

127 ts than PAC in five categories due to larger biochar dose requirements to reach the treatment objecti

128 curves for four adsorbents (clinoptilolite, biochar, Dowex 50, and Dowex Mac 3) were compared in pur

129 ty of the biochar in the soil, as well as of biochar effects on biomass yield, is evaluated.

130 Molecular mechanisms associated with biochar-elicited suppression of soilborne plant diseases

131 carbon sequestration potential, AM-enriched biochar facilitates viable biochar deployment for carbon

132 The impact of biochar, fertilizer and inoculant on the productivity of

133 ha(-1) straw biochar, or <10 t ha(-1) manure biochar for other soils) could achieve an increase in gl

134 (i.e., one application of <40 t ha(-1) wood biochar for poorly buffered soils, such as those charact

135 granular activated carbon, carbon cloth, and biochar, for long-range electron exchange without the ne

136 reased application rates of unoxidized PW600 biochar from 0 to 20 wt % led to a reduction in the tran

137 low pyrolysis system for generating heat and biochar from lignocellulosic energy crops is simulated a

138 bonaceous sorbents include activated carbon, biochar, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes, with applicat

139 wever, the extent and spatial variability of biochar function at the global level are still unclear.

140 Biochar generally has a larger potential for decreasing

141 Environmental modelers are encouraged to use biochar H:C ratios.

142 ross the State at application rates of 4.2 t biochar ha(-1) year(-1).

143 The addition of biochar (33 ton dry biochar ha(-1)) gave rise to a sharp increase in soil or

144 alysis (RNA-seq) of tomato demonstrated that biochar had a priming effect on gene expression and upre

145 Moderate capacity wood biochar had environmental benefits in four categories (s

146 Low capacity wood biochar had even larger benefits for global warming, res

147 Compared to the NT-URAN, the NT-biochar had lower soil respiration and similar yield.

148 Biosolids biochar had the worst relative environmental performance

149 Biochar has a long residence time in the soil and hence

150 Biochar has been proposed as a soil amendment in agricul

151 Biochar has been shown to improve soil properties and ag

152 indicate that soil carbon sequestration and biochar have useful negative emission potential (each 0.

153 Combined biochar, heat, and power production is an option to achi

154 It was concluded that coconut shell derived biochar improved the biomass yields of water spinach and

155 s through co-firing bio-oil and sequestering biochar in agricultural lands.

156 tial for soil C sequestration with sugarcane biochar in Sao Paulo State, Brazil.

157 to superior sorption kinetics, 0.2 wt % MCG-biochar in saturated sand columns retained TOrCs more ef

158 This implies that the functioning of biochar in soil is determined by the formation of an org

159 The divergence between pyrolysis vapors and biochar in the distribution of WSOCs with increasing car

160 he results of the long-term stability of the biochar in the soil, as well as of biochar effects on bi

161 ils amended with different concentrations of biochar, in comparison to control soils.

162 In stream mesocosms, biochar increased macroinvertebrate drift and significan

163 apped N2O and N2 in biochar microcosms and a biochar-induced increase in typical and atypical nosZ tr

164 Our findings suggest that biochar-induced N2O emission mitigation is based on the

165 esults point towards a potential coupling of biochar-induced N2O emission reduction and an increase i

166 To examine how biochar influences microbial metabolism, Escherichia col

167 Incorporating biochar into paddy soil has been shown previously to red

168 lts showed that (1) the addition of oxidized biochar into QS columns enhanced the transport of E. col

169 Biochar is 617% more expensive than common fertilizers.

170 Biochar is a new, promising, and sustainable feed additi

171 Overall, moderate capacity wood biochar is an environmentally superior alternative to co

172 However, PAH sorption to biochar is characterized by very high (10(4)-10(6) L/kg)

173 urately determining the organic O content of biochar is difficult.

174 e and glycolysis reveals that treatment with biochar is less disruptive than activated carbon through

175 anistic understanding of nutrient storage in biochar is missing.

176 Biochar is one of only a few such technologies, and the

177 yses demonstrated that the redox activity of biochar is related to its oxygen-based functional groups

178 t biochar production techniques are used and biochar is subsidized by low emission incentive schemes.

179 The organic O content of biochar is useful for assessing biochar stability and re

180 y (wildfire charcoal) and anthropogenically (biochar), is extensively studied due to its importance i

181 ractions between nC60-stir and 700 degrees C biochar likely disrupted van der Waals forces holding to

182 ollectively, carboxyl-enriched 300 degrees C biochar likely formed strong hydrogen bonds with the cit

183 0%; and one application of <80 t ha(-1) wood biochar, <40 t ha(-1) straw biochar, or <10 t ha(-1) man

184 Sand columns containing just 0.5 wt % biochar maintained sorptive TOrC retention in the presen

185 ncreases plant nutrient content of resulting biochar, making it better suited for agricultural applic

186 ack carbon emissions from soils amended with biochar may counteract the negative emission potential d

187 gies such as large-scale land application of biochar may provide sustainable pathways to increase the

188 ack carbons (graphite, activated carbon, and biochar) mediate the degradation of nitrated compounds b

189 etween ANME-2d and biochar were proposed for biochar-mediated AOM.

190 Modeled biochar-mediated health benefits are up to $4.3 million/

191 r quantities of soil-entrapped N2O and N2 in biochar microcosms and a biochar-induced increase in typ

192 Biochar mitigated N(2)O emissions only at 40% WFPS due t

193 dy was conducted with a silt loam soil and a biochar obtained from Pinus taeda at 500 degrees C.

194 -capped nAu on 300-700 degrees C pecan shell biochars occurred rapidly and irreversibly even at neutr

195 alues of typically 10(6)-10(9) L/kg made the biochars often act as sinks, rather than sources, of PAH

196 to retain soil nutrients, yet the effects of biochar on bacterial growth remain poorly understood.

197 r, the comprehensive study on the effects of biochar on HOC biodegradation coupled with bioavailabili

198 reaction (qPCR) to investigate the impact of biochar on mineral and gaseous nitrogen dynamics and den

199 and to evaluate the effects of coconut shell biochar on N loss and crop growth.

200 In this paper, the effects of biochar on the biodegradation of nonylphenol (NP) were i

201 here have been some reports on the impact of biochar on the N leaching in farmlands, most of them foc

202 However, the effect of biochar on the structure and function of microbial commu

203 , well-defined media and treated with either biochar or activated carbon.

204 Some options (e.g. biochar or non-pyrogenic C amendment application) may ev

205 These results indicate that biochars or ACs with superior sorption capacity and kine

206 80 t ha(-1) wood biochar, <40 t ha(-1) straw biochar, or <10 t ha(-1) manure biochar for other soils)

207 N or chicken litter) and application method, biochar, or denitrification inhibitor.

208 ntent of biochar using three easily measured biochar parameters- pyrolysis temperature, H/C molar rat

209 mechanisms-the accelerated emission of fine biochar particles and the generation and emission of fin

210 r particles resulting from abrasion of large biochar particles by sand grains.

211 cles and the generation and emission of fine biochar particles resulting from abrasion of large bioch

212 overs the outer and inner (pore) surfaces of biochar particles using high-resolution spectro(micro)sc

213 0 nm) reproducibly disintegrated pecan shell biochar pellets (2 mm) made at 700 degrees C into a stab

214 udy indicated that there could be an optimal biochar percentage in biochar-sediment systems at differ

215 - and 3-ring PAHs, the differences in AC and biochar performances were smaller than those for 4-6-rin

216 eactive barriers (PRBs) made of woodchips or biochar, placed in the path of infiltrating water, stimu

217 e presence of clay causes a reduction in the biochar pore volume.

218 f hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) to biochar presents potential implications for HOCs bioavai

219 idized (UO) pine wood (PW) or pine bark (PB) biochar produced at either 350 or 600 degrees C.

220 ounds (WSOCs) were extracted from corn stalk biochar produced at increasing pyrolysis temperatures (3

221 rmation of these structures was confirmed in biochar produced by pilot plant pyrolysis units.

222 e, we compare estimates of the O content for biochars produced from pure compounds (little or no ash)

223 Biochar (produced from greenhouse plant wastes) was foun

224 and considerably improving the economics of biochar production and atmospheric carbon sequestration.

225 potassium as a low-concentration additive in biochar production can increase biochar's carbon sequest

226 ster carbon; however, net benefits depend on biochar production conditions and treatment capabilities

227 g-term improvements in soil fertility offset biochar production costs.

228 The costs of biochar production for smallholder farmers, mostly becau

229 elands in Brazil if investments in efficient biochar production techniques are used and biochar is su

230 elopment of minimum performance criteria for biochar products.

231 removal (primarily via denitrification), and biochar promoted 33 +/- 12% nitrate removal (likely via

232 recognized to be from physical properties of biochar, providing a favorable growth environment for ae

233 Amending soil with biochar (pyrolized biomass) is suggested as a globally a

234 However, we find that biochar quantitatively adsorbs less of these metabolic p

235 Two biochar rates (0 and 2% (w/w)) and three different nitro

236 nded with different percentage of rice straw biochar (RC).

237 e residues by partially converting them into biochar (recalcitrant carbon-rich material).

238 The Ca and Fe in WB-biochar reduced bio-oil yield and increased py-gas yield

239 ironmental exposure of PAHs originating from biochars relevant.

240 Hydrophilic species in poorly carbonized biochar resembled those in bio-oil, but the increasing c

241 horter heating durations than slow-pyrolysis biochars, resulting in differing physicochemical propert

242 Electron microscopy analysis of the biochar reveals the infusion of mineral species into the

243 ration purposes with reduced need to rely on biochar's abilities to improve soil properties and crop

244 additive in biochar production can increase biochar's carbon sequestration potential; by up to 45% i

245 on, the experiments identify a mechanism for biochar's effectiveness in soil conditioning and reveal

246 as proxies for each other, and suggest that biochar's environmental residence time may be underestim

247 ht the need for an improved understanding of biochar's impacts on soil NO emissions.

248 tion capacity was nonlinearly related to the biochar's surface charge density (r(2) = 0.94) while ele

249 sed as the control, the rice straw ash (Sa), biochar (Sa), and modified rice straw (Ms) were prepared

250 Each hectare amended with biochar saved 91 tonnes of CO(2)eq through land sparing

251 re could be an optimal biochar percentage in biochar-sediment systems at different HOC concentrations

252 he most cost-effective technology only where biochar significantly improves agricultural yields, with

253 Within 10 days, biochar significantly increased the diversity of nirK an

254 terial and fungal isolates), together with a biochar soil amendment, were tested further in the field

255 d provide 10-20% more mitigation than direct biochar soil incorporation.

256 O content of biochar is useful for assessing biochar stability and reactivity.

257 However, the oxidized biochar substantially adsorbed both ammonium and phospha

258 formation of an organic coating, rather than biochar surface oxidation, as previously suggested.

259 reenhouse gas emissions are obtained for the biochar system, indicating a significant carbon abatemen

260 Although bioenergy-biochar systems (BEBCS) can also deliver CDR, they are n

261 These results help design regional biochar systems that combine negative carbon dioxide emi

262 nsferability of these findings to other soil-biochar systems.

263 Retention of nAu was (i) greater on biochars than a sandy loam soil, (ii) greater at higher

264 utrient-rich organic coating on co-composted biochar that covers the outer and inner (pore) surfaces

265 lities reach these goals because it produces biochar that is a valuable soil amendment as well as bio

266 For biochar, the maximum reduction of 4-6-ring PAHs (18-67%)

267 d to be better in reducing C(free) PAHs than biochar, though for 2- and 3-ring PAHs, the differences

268 soil NO reduction, widespread application of biochar to fertilized agricultural soils could reduce O3

269 approach was used to explore the ability of biochar to induce systemic resistance in tomato plants a

270 ly occurred above the weight ratio of 30,000 biochar to nC60-stir.

271 Adding biochar to paddy soil reduced CH4 emission under ambient

272 e examined the ability of rice straw-derived biochar to reduce CH4 emission from paddy soil under ele

273 These properties allow biochar to retain soil nutrients, yet the effects of bio

274 The direct addition of biochar to soil did not cause any immediate reduction of

275 ared to untreated media, Escherichia coli in biochar-treated media grew more efficiently, as indicate

276 Because it is unlikely that biochar treatments would be employed in uncontaminated a

277 terature, we mapped the impacts of different biochar types (derived from wood, straw, or manure), and

278 g on biomass-fuelled district heating, while biochar use could mitigate environmental pollution and g

279 tential air quality and health cobenefits of biochar use highlight the need for an improved understan

280 Effects of cascading biochar use in animal husbandry are uncertain but could

281 a new method to predict organic O content of biochar using three easily measured biochar parameters-

282 matic products from lignocellulose, while in biochar was featured by saturated carboxylic acids from

283 Biochar was prepared from eucalyptus wood, teff straw wa

284 The amorphous carbon structure of biochar was preserved after the disintegration, which on

285 Biochar was recently identified as an effective soil ame

286 Biochar was shown to promote plant growth, especially wh

287 Surface area-normalized retention of nAu on biochars was several orders of magnitude higher than neg

288 d additional mesoporosity, which strengthens biochar-water interactions and thus enhances nutrient re

289 s process using wastewater biosolids-derived biochar (WB-biochar) as a catalyst was investigated to d

290 or indirect interactions between ANME-2d and biochar were proposed for biochar-mediated AOM.

291 Specifically, the biochars were subjected to (1) an aqueous cyclodextrin s

292 Three different biochars were used that contained 13-407 mg/kg(dw) of th

293 ight be affected by soil amendments, such as biochar, which has been shown to reduce N(2)O emissions.

294 EM, and was preserved after the retention by biochar, which resulted in the aggregation or alignment

295 eat and power for the city of Stockholm, and biochar whose potential use as a feed and manure additiv

296 However, experiments with other soils and biochars will be required to verify the transferability

297 t decreased in organic soil, while pine bark biochar with N did not affect the N(2)O production in ei

298 Corn residue biochar with N fertilizer increased N(2)O production in

299 Oxidation changed the functionality of biochar with the introduction of carboxylic and phenolic

300 pyrolysis temperature, H/C molar ratio, and %biochar yield, and evidence indicating that the conventi