ライフサイエンスコーパス: bird

1 le levels in a small subset of cells in LD+T birds.

2 of Anchiornithinae as the earliest diverging birds.

3 reviously reported for diurnal and nocturnal birds.

4 increased in carnivores regularly feeding on birds.

5 used approaches to study movement ecology of birds.

6 trophil/heterophil in modern-day mammals and birds.

7 ationship across the origin and evolution of birds.

8 n nonmammalian vertebrate species, including birds.

9 om that leading up to mammals, reptiles, and birds.

10 during the breeding season of most farmland birds.

11 ologs in nonmammalian vertebrates, including birds.

12 roperly examined: tactile facial bristles in birds.

13 ard exact integer ratios (1:2 or 1:3) in the birds.

14 adopted as a proxy for dispersal ability in birds.

15 ontext for glycolytic muscle fibres in small birds.

16 o-occurrence of crown birds and avialan stem birds.

17 roductive success of ground-nesting farmland birds.

18 lutant concentrations among sites/individual birds.

19 the successful production of the gene-edited birds.

20 t characterize altitudinal migration in many birds.

21 d these were consistent in other neognathous birds.

22 evolutionary understanding of dinosaurs and birds.

23 beak can adapt as a distinct module in these birds.

24 sparate small-bodied coelurosaurs, including birds.

25 ade-Sierra populations than those of coastal birds.

26 ies, although this result is based mostly on birds.

27 es effective protection against predation by birds.

28 the only extant family of flightless diving birds.

29 cking animal migrations, most commonly small birds.

30 irus themselves, when infected by vaccinated birds.

31 y on the abundance and diversity of foraging birds.

32 rblers but otherwise highly conserved across birds.

33 ine a new standard for how to score sleep in birds.

34 quenced genomes produced for phase II of the Bird 10,000 Genomes (B10K) Project.

35 p in the early evolutionary history of crown birds(10,11).

36 tary populations, a phenomenon documented in birds [2-5] and butterflies [6].

37 al hypotheses of a Gondwanan origin of crown birds(3), and its relatively small size and possible lit

38 llowed by mammals (58%), bony fish (49%) and birds (35%).

39 event between migrant and resident continent birds ~5000 ya.

40 ically ozone, is associated with declines in bird abundance in the United States.

41 -avian dinosaurs is key to understanding how birds achieved their remarkable success after the Cretac

42 These birds also displayed lower levels of behaviours indicati

43 n relation to endangered amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal species.

44 me framework, juveniles and adults for crown birds and alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), we fin

45 hylogenetic endemism (PE) separately for all birds and amphibians across the globe.

46 an important cause of viral encephalitis in birds and animals, including humans.

47 irect evidence of the co-occurrence of crown birds and avialan stem birds.

48 higher fitness of residents over migrants in birds and herpetofauna (the best-sampled groups).

49 s the first evidence of a tactile "fovea" in birds and how this led to detailed studies of tactile sp

50 In two field experiments using wild birds and humans, we measured both the "survival" and di

51 y that was previously unknown among Mesozoic birds and is superficially similar to that of a variety

52 he computations and processing strategies in birds and mammals share some strikingly similar characte

53 Birds and mammals share specialized forms of sleep inclu

54 In birds and mammals the embryonic somites generate a linea

55 cies distributions and functional traits for birds and mammals to identify the ecologically rare spec

56 ion in terrestrial vertebrates, particularly birds and mammals, including humans.

57 ine nuts, marine invertebrates, fish, marine birds and mammals, tortoises, waterfowl, and hoofed game

58 1) have shown broad protective efficacies in birds and mammals, which correlate with the ability to i

59 a weak effect on apparent survival of tagged birds and managed to pinpoint key aspects and drivers of

60 geolocators may reduce vital rates in tagged birds and may bias obtained movement data.

61 to understanding sensory system evolution in birds and other vertebrates.

62 nfluenza (HPAI) viruses are enzootic in wild birds and poultry and continue to cause human infections

63 a A viruses continue to circulate among wild birds and poultry worldwide, posing constant pandemic th

64 .3.4.4 virus spread to North America by wild birds and reassorted to generate the H5N2 HPAI virus tha

65 n a variety of extant vertebrates, including birds and reptiles [1-3] and non-human mammals [4-6].

66 poultry in Asia have spilled over into wild birds and spread via bird migration to countries in Euro

67 umber of nuclei involved in parental care in birds and suggests similar regulatory mechanisms in cari

68 the potential for powered flight among early birds and their closest relatives.

69 esponse to changing phenology from migratory birds and ungulates to an apex predator, further demonst

70 es were 32.0% and 53.9% in extant dinosaurs (birds) and non-avian reptiles, respectively.

71 shown that animals such as jumping spiders, birds, and butterflies have evolved ultra-black colorati

72 f forebrain organization shared by reptiles, birds, and mammals.

73 ndrichthyes, teleosts, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

74 xposures, including aluminum smelting, lead, birds, and mold, were independently associated with ILA.

75 can cause severe disease in poultry and wild birds, and occasionally in humans.

76 dataset sampling> 2,000 modern birds, fossil birds, and theropod dinosaurs, we infer patterns of brai

77 ion on seed dispersal focused on primates or birds, and we lack a detailed understanding on the inter

78 e-related tool use has been recorded in wild birds (anting), our finding shows that the wild avian to

79 entified islands of differentiation in these birds appear to be generally associated with relatively

80 overall flight effort in the largest soaring birds appears to be constrained by the requirements for

81 ising given that the flight muscles of small birds are generally thought to contain only fast oxidati

82 nnate antiviral defenses in birds.IMPORTANCE Birds are important hosts of viruses that have the poten

83 Consequently, contact birds are less likely to develop disease symptoms or die

84 Tropical birds are purported to be longer lived than their temper

85 g extensive cellular dysfunction and damage, birds are remarkably long-lived.

86 ssment of the potential tag effects on small birds, as previous meta-analyses did not evaluate unpubl

87 significant shift from rodent-associated to bird-associated Borrelia species was noted whilst in the

88 able and potentially strong implications for birds at different time scales, but these responses are

89 Birds (Aves) display high metabolic rates and oxygen con

90 Uncertainties in the phylogeny of birds (Avialae) and their closest relatives have impeded

91 ich has been shown to evolve more rapidly in birds, avian cranial morphology is characterised by a st

92 We used bird banding and encounter data for American kestrels (F

93 finch brain slices we show that within each bird basal ganglia Area X-projecting (HVC(X)) neurons sh

94 ctly address this fundamental question using bird beak shape, a key evolutionary innovation linked to

95 Instead, the probability of a bird being infected with Leucocytozoon increased with in

96 cant role in modulating the probability of a bird being infected.

97 during the nestling rearing period on urban birds' breeding success.

98 ts confirm powered flight potential in early birds but its rarity among the ancestors of the closest

99 ss migratory animals (e.g., of all migratory birds, ca. 51% are partially migratory [5]), speciation

100 Our results support the idea that birds can distinguish colors throughout tetrachromatic c

101 Here, we explain how these remarkable birds can help us uncover the basic biological processes

102 Using other vertebrate taxa, such as birds, can contribute to a more comprehensive, evolution

103 e postnatal fusion of cranial bones in crown birds, can explain this pattern.

104 ion of BDNF protein adjacent to the RA of SD birds caused an increase in the spontaneous neuron firin

105 eased dramatically following exposure to the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), with high [C

106 The bird cochlea may also use prestin at high frequencies, b

107 hosts data on almost 1.5 million individual birds collected in 80 populations over 2,000 cumulative

108 for Leucocytozoon parasites, we surveyed 69 bird communities from Alaska to Patagonia.

109 Bird communities in intensive-agricultural habitats prov

110 ore drier and warmer tolerant species, their bird communities still occupy distinct climatological sp

111 eater Antilles, resulting in more vulnerable bird communities.

112 Any goals for bird community recovery in Amazonian second growth shoul

113 second growth should recognise that a modern bird community will inevitably differ from a baseline fr

114 ct ecological displacements due to pterosaur-bird competition.

115 During stopovers, birds concentrated close to the coast during spring and

116 We found that each bird continued to fly along its preferred trajectory up

117 Consequently, on-the-tree and shared birds contributed more to metanetwork organisation where

118 and their way of data management, while SPI-Birds creates tailored pipelines to convert each unique

119 In birds, daily energy expenditure (DEE) scales with body m

120 research study was conducted to determine if bird depredation in feedlots is associated with the prev

121 Can birds discriminate nonspectral colors, and are these col

122 explained substantial variation in observed bird diversity across protected areas.

123 During their foraging trips, GPS-tagged birds doubled their time away from the nest, experienced

124 community diversity shifts due to an 'early-bird' effect.

125 Although the elephant bird egg is slightly larger, its eggshell is roughly fiv

126 In birds, empirical evidence suggests that orientation on f

127 One bird even flew for >5 h without flapping, covering ~172

128 nderstanding of the earliest stages of crown bird evolution is hindered by an exceedingly sparse avia

129 uggests several possible scenarios regarding bird evolution, including an independent paleognathous l

130 -Paleogene extinction rather than earlier in bird evolution.

131 Wetland birds exhibit a strong phylogenetic signal towards urban

132 Birds exhibited these differences while showing high spa

133 At monthly or seasonal scales, less common birds experienced decreases in occurrence following drou

134 Here we describe a crow-sized stem bird, Falcatakely forsterae gen. et sp. nov., from the L

135 sity, by analysing 363 genomes from 92.4% of bird families-including 267 newly sequenced genomes prod

136 ory data in Tyrant flycatchers - the largest bird family - suggest long-distance migration contribute

137 ogical surfaces of animals and plants (e.g., bird feathers, insect wings, plant leaves, etc.) are sup

138 The birds fed CTL18 or APS18 recorded the worst feed convers

139 In addition, birds fed diets APS21 and CTL19 showed significantly inc

140 Moreover, birds fed test diet containing APS21 recorded better (P

141 Bird-plant interactions involving birds feeding only on-the-tree or both on and under-the-

142 ork organisation than interactions involving birds feeding only under-the-tree.

143 selenium (Se) shown to cause deformities in birds, fish, and mammals can transfer from parents to pr

144 plastics (MP/NP) on diverse organisms (e.g., birds, fish, and mammals).

145 We found that in small broiler flocks (<=16 birds/flock) the estimated probability of harvest was 56

146 Young birds followed more exploratory routes at first, but gra

147 similar to that of a variety of crown-group birds (for example, toucans).

148 bout novel aposematic prey and then compared birds' foraging choices in 'a small-scale novel world' t

149 comprehensive dataset sampling> 2,000 modern birds, fossil birds, and theropod dinosaurs, we infer pa

150 of southern capuchino seedeaters, finch-like birds from South America that have undergone a species r

151 nknown due to the general inability to track birds from specific wintering habitats to stopovers or b

152 r AIVs, 59 H5 LPAIVs were isolated from wild-bird habitats (a mean annual rate of 5.3% of AIV isolati

153 Although vaccinated birds had higher titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting (

154 he number of published studies tagging small birds has increased substantially.

155 age in the agricultural sector and some wild birds has led to the evolution and selection of distinct

156 sparrows, highlight what the study of these birds has meant to bioscience generally, and describe th

157 The evolutionary radiation of birds has produced incredible morphological variation, i

158 year and a half since the establishment, SPI-Birds has recruited over 120 members, and currently host

159 However, recent work in a polygamous bird, has instead indicated that successful parents divo

160 Birds have four color cone types (compared to three in h

161 n understanding innate antiviral defenses in birds.IMPORTANCE Birds are important hosts of viruses th

162 Birds in Condition 4 experienced the poorest health (hig

163 ctive' scores, play, ground-scratching) than birds in Conditions 1-3.

164 However, winter survival of birds in egalitarian groups was impaired relative to des

165 Over the past half century, migratory birds in North America have shown divergent population t

166 ation with vegetation greenness by migratory birds in other dietary guilds, across the full extent of

167 refully controlled study of the behaviour of birds in response to a newly introduced obstacle in thei

168 he glutathione cycle compared to conspecific birds in unlogged forest.

169 to the reorganisation of skull structure in birds-including loss of a separate postorbital bone in a

170 ated spillovers of H5 HPAI viruses into wild birds, increases the risk of emergence of a reassortant

171 ion was virtually absent in RA neurons of SD birds, increasing to barely detectable levels in a small

172 ayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda), a passerine bird inhabiting the temperate forests of South America.

173 Plumage colouration in birds is important for a plethora of reasons, ranging fr

174 s, the antigenic variation of LPAIVs in wild birds is poorly understood.

175 corporation of aromatic plants into nests by birds is suspected to constitute an example of preventat

176 As modern crocodilians and birds lay hard-shelled eggs, this eggshell type has been

177 rsification of olfactory receptor genes in a bird lineage that relies extensively on olfaction.

178 When juvenile birds listen to their tutor, NIf neurons are also activa

179 Birds living in logged forests had a higher activity of

180 nded increasingly strongly to marine animal, bird, mammal, and human faces.

181 l borders-which include 53.8% of terrestrial birds, mammals and amphibians-are in increasing peril th

182 ced net declines in the analysed data, while birds, mammals and reptiles experienced net increases.

183 n observed across biological taxa, including birds, mammals, and insects.

184 in five major vertebrate clades (amphibians, birds, mammals, ray-finned fish and squamate reptiles) a

185 e scope of influenza viruses present in live bird markets and the threat they pose to human health.

186 al mechanism in fish, providing evidence for bird-mediated dispersal ability of soft-membraned eggs u

187 s raises the question of the significance of bird migration during past periods with different patter

188 ghlight the strong flexibility of the global bird migration system and offer a baseline in the contex

189 spilled over into wild birds and spread via bird migration to countries in Europe, Africa, and North

190 Our results indicate that bird migration was also a prevalent phenomenon during th

191 ng between vegetation greenness and seasonal bird migration within North America.

192 uctions to simulate the past 50,000 years of bird migration worldwide, a period encompassing the tran

193 s model of frugivory and seed dispersal with bird movement and foraging data from tropical and temper

194 els of their dominant prey species to relate bird movements to changes in foraging habitat quality in

195 It was also possible to identify a bird mummy to species level from the X-ray data.

196 of latitudinal range shifts in 32 species of birds native to eastern North America.

197 there is no clear 'central place' near which birds need to remain.

198 e investigated whether ants are attracted to bird nests by the heat generated by the hosts, and/or th

199 ntrol of invasive European starlings reduced bird numbers on feedlots by 70.4%, but decreasing popula

200 likely represent not only the largest flying birds of the Eocene but also some of the largest volant

201 Our results show that in birds of the more aggressive phenotype, ERalpha knockdow

202 icial intelligence to locate ground-nests of birds on agricultural land.

203 ng sequence) with priority AMR were found in birds on feedlots separated by distances exceeding 150 k

204 Total number of birds on feedlots were positively associated with increa

205 en manipulated the gut microbiome by feeding birds one of two diets that differed in their relative l

206 ammalian Peyer patches but not the O-MALT of birds or ectotherms.

207 fect a broad range of mammals, but few fish, birds or reptiles.

208 radiofrequency (RF) in the MHz range disrupt bird orientation and mammalian cellular respiration.

209 anced the neural representations of both the birds' own song and the tutor song in NCM and a downstre

210 ds (Deinonychosauria) as the sister taxon to birds (Paraves) and the recovery of Anchiornithinae as t

211 and light can substantially affect breeding bird phenology and fitness, and underscore the need to c

212 Bird-plant interactions involving birds feeding only on-

213 xa dataset from disturbed forests, including birds, plants, insects and fungi, to close this gap.

214 c trade winds, determines the viability of a bird population.

215 ns of parasites for annual mortality in wild bird populations using phylogenetic comparative methods.

216 of a reassortant virus that persists in wild bird populations yet remains highly pathogenic for poult

217 However, for almost all bird populations, there is insufficient long-term monito

218 raits, in general we found more evidence for birds preferring and/or performing better in forest than

219 ound in the environment, mostly derived from bird proteins and fungi.

220 tudy diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines.

221 od size reduced somatic state was supported: Birds rearing enlarged broods showed subsequent increase

222 divergence times(1,8-10) of ancestral crown birds remain unanswered.

223 ence suggest that many of the archaeological bird remains underlying this northern origins hypothesis

224 Aquatic birds represent a vast reservoir from which new pandemic

225 Here, using three long-term datasets on bird reproduction, daily insect availability, and weathe

226 hifts in the community-level distribution of bird reproduction.

227 We also show that birds responded by producing higher performance songs at

228 surveys, tree diversity noticeably affected bird responses, demonstrated by significantly higher abu

229 riously, stable isotope values from the same birds reveal that their diet was heavy in agricultural p

230 uraging community involvement stems from SPI-Bird's decentralized approach: research groups retain fu

231 arious contexts correlates positively with a bird's intrinsic reward state and with opioid markers in

232 We then investigated the robustness of each bird's trajectory by interposing a disk-shaped obstacle

233 cades of surveillance data from wild aquatic birds sampled along North American migratory flyways, we

234 d in the literature, regularly exceeding the bird Se dietary risk threshold of 5 mug/g of dw.

235 adth of tool use to include another group of birds, seabirds, and a different suborder (Lari).

236 Complex natural sounds, such as bird singing, people talking, or traffic noise, induce d

237 are topologically similar, whereas juvenile bird skulls have a morphological complexity and anisomer

238 This suggests that the more egalitarian bird societies may best be adapted to less-disturbed env

239 Human speech and bird song are acoustically complex communication signals

240 speciation-focused studies of frog calls and bird songs.

241 ncourage further use of geolocators on small bird species but the ethical aspects and scientific bene

242 atoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii), a widespread bird species comprising populations of varying conservat

243 ttle and to determine if removal of invasive bird species could be an effective management strategy t

244 ooked microstructures fasten feathers across bird species except silent fliers, whose feathers also l

245 dult predation risk during incubation for 40 bird species in north temperate, tropical, and south tem

246 We assess the abundance of 75 bird species in relation to roads across Great Britain.

247 xidative status markers among 15 understorey bird species in unlogged and selectively logged forest i

248 ound 94% of the populations of 77 mammal and bird species on the brink have been lost in the last cen

249 tened or Near Threatened, but not on overall bird species richness.

250 ve effects of protection on the diversity of bird species that are forest-dependent, endemic to the h

251 s highlight the potential for many migratory bird species to encounter phenological mismatches as veg

252 ght-level geolocators enabled studying small bird species whose migratory patterns were widely unknow

253 ter antioxidant response in Neoaves (~95% of bird species), providing an adaptive mechanism capable o

254 data on the social dynamics of a cooperative bird species, the wire-tailed manakin, to evaluate the p

255 6 individuals of 52 North American migratory bird species, we demonstrate that increasing annual summ

256 cal gene symbols and 612 synonyms across 363 bird species.

257 nd the factors that determine where and when birds stopover during spring and autumn migration.

258 budgerigar study-and commonly used in older bird studies-dramatically disrupted budgerigar sleep str

259 aemosporidian parasite was higher for female birds, suggesting that they are more prone to be parasit

260 ed from females to their eggs differed among bird taxa and with maternal THg exposure.

261 te that toxicity risk of MeHg can vary among bird taxa due to differences in maternal transfer of MeH

262 e Eocene but also some of the largest volant birds that ever lived (with an estimated 5-6 m wingspan)

263 Thus, within individual birds the population of current magnitudes covary over t

264 ich individuals of a long-distance migratory bird, the alpine swift Tachymarptis melba, were captured

265 In socially monogamous birds, there have been repeated rapid reductions in rela

266 ,9) that influenced the persistence of crown birds through the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.

267 nitoring dataset (1988-2012) on a long-lived bird to quantify transients, and we use a life table res

268 favourable pre-migratory conditions allowing birds to delay departure from wintering grounds.

269 ting their potentials to be transmitted from birds to pigs.

270 Migration is a widespread response of birds to seasonally varying climates.

271 ral protein pUL47 is an essential factor for bird-to-bird transmission of the virus.

272 We combined data on birds tracked from breeding sites along a longitudinal g

273 Individual birds' transitions between aviary zones were also record

274 ein pUL47 is an essential factor for bird-to-bird transmission of the virus.

275 -DCA-Anaero was isolated from Cj-P0-infected birds transplanted with DCA-modulated anaerobic microbio

276 Each spring, migratory birds travel tens to tens of thousands of kilometers fro

277 s phenotype (and presumed ecology) in a stem bird underscores that consolidation to the neornithine-l

278 detecting the target parasite in an infected bird using PCR and sequencing analyses may be influenced

279 using GPS, monitored departure of migratory birds using weather radar and simulated their migration

280 We apply this novel approach to a harvested bird valued by birders and hunters in North America, the

281 comparable to the PFC in mammals, the NCL in birds varies considerably across species.

282 Viruses with the wild bird virus backbone and either PB1, NP, or the entire po

283 %), richness (32%), PD (25%) and FD (25%) of birds visiting polyculture plots compared to monoculture

284 uggest that the exploitation of these baited birds was an important adaptation for early farmers in C

285 r, the remarkable cranial shape diversity in birds was not a product of accelerated evolution from th

286 ording 137 species of resident and migratory birds), we focus on the landbirds from four islands with

287 For a global radiation of passerine birds, we confirm that the generation of morphological v

288 Routes of the tracked birds were associated with partial reduction in the barr

289 extant taxa from extinct species when adult birds were included.

290 Populations of wintering birds were more dynamic, having higher rates of local ex

291 anetwork organisation whereas under-the-tree birds were more involved in local processes.

292 Birds were much more likely to take off (i.e. switch fro

293 for earlier breeding, although the earliest birds were not the most productive.

294 sent in the SCs of the fish, amphibians, and birds which readily regenerate hair cells, are responsib

295 species and show that they evolve rapidly in birds, which is an important indication of their relevan

296 ck rather than inside the thorax as in other birds, while the internal structure is bipartite with so

297 ble effect of diet composition on wild adult birds whose immune systems are presumably fully develope

298 staging site in Iceland 5-15 days later than birds wintering further north or south.

299 This is particularly true for long-lived birds with multi-year, socially monogamous pair bonds.

300 brain-wide gene expression assessments in a bird, ZEBrA provides important substrates for comparativ