ライフサイエンスコーパス: bitter taste

1 expands the capacity of the system to encode bitter taste.

2 gene directly linked to variations in human bitter taste.

3 entify the fraction contributing most to the bitter taste.

4 four times more likely than the presence of bitter taste.

5 enic-glycoside, was positively associated to bitter taste.

6 ctyol (HED), a known inhibitor of caffeine's bitter taste.

7 ce of potentially harmful compounds by their bitter taste.

8 yllactucin-8-sulphate does not contribute to bitter taste.

9 tions associated with optogenetically evoked bitter taste.

10 more artificial fruit and citrus aromas, and bitter taste.

11 -transducins, is a key mediator of sweet and bitter tastes.

12 salty tastes, and the rejection of sour and bitter tastes.

13 sourness but not to sweet, umami, salty, and bitter tastes.

14 bolishes the perception of sweet, umami, and bitter tastes.

15 n the "sticky" percept and flavonols in the "bitter" taste.

16 whereas the other triterpenoids are non- or bitter-tasting.

17 whereas the other triterpenoids are non- or bitter-tasting.

18 Groups first learned to avoid the bitter-tasting alternative of two foods.

19 particularly after US treatment, reduced the bitter taste and enhanced the antioxidant capacities of

20 a major polyphenol in green tea, to mask its bitter taste and expand its application in food products

21 n as a food ingredient is limited due to its bitter taste and hard texture.

22 al location of genes essential for sweet and bitter taste and identification of the relevant G protei

23 cessing and storage, imparting objectionable bitter taste and rancid flavour to roe products.

24 te that the midgut Hh signal also suppresses bitter taste and some odour responses, affecting overall

25 e is an association between insensitivity to bitter taste and the prevalence of malaria, which sugges

26 rienced low intensity of bitter tastes or no bitter tastes) and underwent evaluation for lack of infe

27 Quinoa surface borne saponins are bitter tasting anti-nutritional compounds that must be r

28 ne) that can block responses to an intensely bitter-tasting anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) d

29 eral other signaling mechanisms in sweet and bitter taste, apparently unrelated to alpha-gustducin, t

30 ry role, the receptors for sweet, umami, and bitter taste are expressed in some cancers where they re

31 Bitter tastes are among the most salient of life's exper

32 However, it remains unclear how sweet and bitter tastes are represented by the neural circuits lin

33 Pathways for sweet and bitter tastes are segregated from sensory input to motor

34 ines of evidence suggest that both sweet and bitter tastes are transduced via receptors coupled to he

35 n the right temporal group rated an aversive bitter taste as more intense than did subjects in the co

36 ng a view of the representation of sweet and bitter taste at the periphery.

37 to identify compounds that contribute to the bitter taste attributes of American hazelnuts (C. americ

38 ary signal transduction, also restores grk-2 bitter taste avoidance.

39 antioxidants, and neutralization of possible bitter taste (because the bitter tasting peptides are in

40 rception, and to relate to dietary intake of bitter-tasting beverages and foods.

41 Our hope is to use bitter taste blockers to increase medical compliance wit

42 as safe under conditions of intended use as bitter taste blockers.

43 bitter-tasting (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, bitter-tasting caffeine, and the umami-tasting l-glutami

44 We show that ACh-release from BC via the bitter taste cascade leads to immediate paracrine protec

45 noxious heat, which predominantly excited PB bitter taste cells.

46 ral acids but does not respond to sweet- and bitter-tasting chemicals or salt.

47 sugars and amino acids, from harmful, mostly bitter-tasting chemicals present in many plants.

48 ults illustrate the fundamental principle of bitter taste coding at the periphery: dedicated cells ac

49 of these studies for understanding salt and bitter taste coding is discussed.

50 d attractive egg-laying responses toward the bitter-tasting compound lobeline.

51 mulant of gastric acid secretion (GAS), is a bitter-tasting compound that activates several taste typ

52 ting peptides in the gastric lumen, and (II) bitter tasting compounds have been demonstrated to reduc

53 Bitter-tasting compounds can have specific physiological

54 e receptors (TAS2Rs), which are activated by bitter-tasting compounds such as those found in many foo

55 cells are more narrowly tuned to respond to bitter-tasting compounds than had been predicted from mo

56 indicate that TAS2Rs couple the detection of bitter-tasting compounds to changes in thyrocyte functio

57 y they evoke, single neuron responses to ten bitter-tasting compounds were recorded from rat glossoph

58 ike peptide-1) in response to stimulation by bitter-tasting compounds.

59 nt in taste cells to allow the perception of bitter-tasting compounds.

60 nd strychnine, plus a number of non-alkaloid bitter-tasting compounds: 0.1 M KCl, 0.01 M MgCl2, and 1

61 pecifically, we propose that any drug with a bitter taste could have unintended actions in the body t

62 The bitter-tasting denatonium ion has been proposed to act v

63 Bitter taste detection functions as an important sensory

64 minating a local motif that weighs sugar and bitter taste detection to adjust the behavioral outcomes

65 p understand how these factors contribute to bitter taste development.

66 Sweet and bitter taste distinguishes good food sources from potent

67 Arabica coffee contains the bitter-tasting diterpene glycoside mozambioside, which d

68 For a specific bitter-tasting drug, identification of the responsible b

69 evaluation revealed that the astringent- and bitter-tasting (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, bitter-tast

70 tification of a small molecule that inhibits bitter taste from tenofovir alafenamide may increase the

71 tacin B) previously inferred in unexpectedly bitter-tasting fruits of an Italian variety (Scopatizzo)

72 Bitter taste guides avoidance of ingestion of toxins whi

73 Our understanding of bitter taste has advanced by combined information from d

74 Variation in the perception of bitter tastes has been associated with eating behavior,

75 quences, we infer that the sweet, umami, and bitter tastes have been lost in all penguins, an order o

76 ed marked selectivity over a panel of 24 non-bitter taste human G protein-coupled receptors.

77 HPLC-ToF-MS and could contribute to coffee's bitter taste impression.

78 xemplary family that are responsible for the bitter taste in citrus (e.g., limonin) and the active co

79 ucurbitacins are triterpenoids that confer a bitter taste in cucurbits such as cucumber, melon, water

80 rs ago and may have influenced perception of bitter taste in eastern gorillas.

81 ents for improving bioactivities and masking bitter taste in foods.

82 Bitter taste in humans is believed to be mediated by a f

83 recognized by taste 2 receptors that mediate bitter taste in humans.

84 Of the genotyped children, 45% were bitter taste insensitive individuals of the genotype AVI

85 Bitter taste intensities of crude phenolic fractions of

86 Bitter taste is a basic taste modality, required to safe

87 We provide a systematic analysis of how bitter taste is encoded by the major taste organ of the

88 In humans, bitter taste is mediated by 25 TAS2Rs.

89 Bitter taste is mediated by a different group of G prote

90 Human bitter taste is mediated by the hTAS2R family of G prote

91 both, a more bitter tasting (MBT) and a less bitter tasting (LBT) pea protein hydrolysate (PPH) can b

92 tein-coupled taste receptors that bind with "bitter-tasting" ligands are coexpressed in single taste

93 i taste, however, the stronger source of the bitter taste may be the flavonoids contained in the extr

94 We hypothesize that both, a more bitter tasting (MBT) and a less bitter tasting (LBT) pea

95 In addition to the common notion of bitter tasting medicines, we also found starchy, musky,

96 enabling the simultaneous quantification of bitter-tasting mono- and bidesmosidic saponins in fresh

97 e show that acids activate neither sweet nor bitter taste neurons in tarsal taste sensilla.

98 er flies, and this repellency is mediated by bitter taste neurons in the proboscis [9].

99 Further, nociceptive activity in PbN bitter taste neurons was suppressed during optogenetic-a

100 hibited nociceptive activity in parabrachial bitter taste neurons.

101 s influenced, in part, by sensitivity to the bitter taste of 6-n-propylthiouracil (Prop), a heritable

102 considered the primary determinants for the bitter taste of cooked asparagus.

103 The bitter taste of Cyclopia genistoides infusions is unacce

104 pends on (a) elimination of the unacceptably bitter taste of free erythromycin, (b) its stability aga

105 irst time to be the major contributor to the bitter taste of fresh asparagus spears, while the bidesm

106 we present a novel method for estimating the bitter taste of hydrolysate samples on the basis of thei

107 The bitter taste of olives is mainly caused by the phenolic

108 Genetic sensitivity to the bitter taste of phenylthiocarbamide and 6-n-propylthiour

109 to plant-based, more satiating diets, is the bitter taste of plant proteins.

110 e sensitizers, are needed to mask the strong bitter taste of pyrophosphates.

111 ponins are considered the main source of the bitter taste of quinoa, however, it has not been confirm

112 The starter culture reduced the bitter taste of the final product.

113 luding the ability to modulate the salty and bitter tastes of sodium and potassium salts.

114 ters (those who experienced low intensity of bitter tastes or no bitter tastes) and underwent evaluat

115 excipients, and nutraceuticals, impart their bitter taste (or in part) through TAS2R8 activation.

116 repels on contact by activating an aversive bitter taste pathway [10].

117 feeding initiation circuit is inhibited by a bitter taste pathway that impinges on premotor neurons,

118 zation of possible bitter taste (because the bitter tasting peptides are incorporated into the matrix

119 etary proteins are known to be digested into bitter tasting peptides in the gastric lumen, and (II) b

120 te (PPH) can be digested in the stomach into bitter tasting peptides that stimulate proton secretion

121 ily of mammalian taste receptors involved in bitter taste perception (the T2Rs).

122 8 is a bitter taste receptor that influences bitter taste perception and diet and is also found in in

123 rry introgressed mouflon alleles involved in bitter taste perception and/or innate immunity.

124 We found that changes in bitter taste perception have accompanied this adaptation

125 are responsible in part for the variation in bitter taste perception of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) a

126 Bitter taste perception prevents mammals from ingesting

127 Bitter taste perception provides animals with critical p

128 ors and suggest activities of TAS2R14 beyond bitter taste perception via intracellular allosteric tas

129 A significant reduction of bitter taste perception was documented in individuals ha

130 pression accounts for the variation in human bitter taste perception, and to relate to dietary intake

131 for diet and lifestyle behaviors related to bitter taste perception, and were not seen for variants

132 re a possible link between these enzymes and bitter taste perception, we demonstrate that salivary gl

133 e preferences than with genetically inferred bitter taste perception.

134 chemistry: caffeine, a naturally occurring, bitter-tasting, pharmacologically active secondary compo

135 urrent understanding of the role of the PROP bitter taste phenotype in food selection and body weight

136 e investigated the relation between the PROP bitter-taste phenotype and acceptance and consumption of

137 These novel findings suggest that the PROP bitter-taste phenotype contributes to the development of

138 y an important role in limiting ingestion of bitter-tasting, potentially toxic compounds.

139 ing of these tubers results in dark-colored, bitter-tasting products.

140 Gentiana lutea rhizomes are known for their bitter tasting properties conferred by its unique bioche

141 es, indicating a satiating potential of less bitter tasting protein hydrolysates.

142 eptor antagonists can effectively reduce the bitter taste qualities of foods, beverages, and pharmace

143 Moreover, we show that bitter tasting quorum-sensing molecules from Pseudomonas

144 tor cells that coincide with sweet/umami and bitter taste reception to modulate local inflammatory re

145 taste tissue, abolish sweet, amino acid, and bitter taste reception, but do not impact sour or salty

146 as established the bronchodilatory effect of bitter taste receptor (TAS2R) agonists in various models

147 es have established that genetic variants in bitter taste receptor (TAS2R) genes are associated with

148 We hypothesize that human bitter taste receptor (TAS2R) genes might be relaxed fro

149 om it, and tested their ability to stimulate bitter taste receptor activity, using a calcium mobiliza

150 original ligand repertoire of the ancestral bitter taste receptor at the evolutionary origin of this

151 ssynaptic tracing originating from umami and bitter taste receptor cells does not selectively label t

152 We then show that expression of a bitter taste receptor confers sensitivity to selected av

153 ngle gene that encodes a member of the TAS2R bitter taste receptor family.

154 as related to common variants of the TAS2R31 bitter taste receptor gene and to NNS intake.

155 hypothesis through cross-mammal analyses of bitter taste receptor gene repertoires.

156 a polymorphic trait mediated by the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor gene.

157 aries among adults due to polymorphisms in a bitter taste receptor gene.

158 r's disease, emphasizing the significance of bitter taste receptor genes in its pathogenesis.

159 It is assumed that the orthologous bitter taste receptor genes mediate the recognition of b

160 lineages generated species-specific sets of bitter taste receptor genes.

161 table to smaller surviving mammals with more bitter taste receptor genes.

162 n, we show that mice engineered to express a bitter taste receptor in 'sweet cells' become strongly a

163 Bitter taste receptor phenotype appears to be associated

164 It is believed that the receptive ranges of bitter taste receptor repertoires match the profiles of

165 Here, we present evidence that the bitter taste receptor T2R38 regulates the mucosal innate

166 The bitter taste receptor TAS2R14 is a G protein-coupled rec

167 ecretion in human parietal cells (HGT-1) via bitter taste receptor TAS2R16, confirmed by siRNA knockd

168 ietal cells (HGT-1 cells), we demonstrated a bitter taste receptor TAS2R16-dependent reduction of a H

169 Bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 is expressed in the respir

170 lactoferrin and deficient functioning of the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38.

171 TAS2R38 is a bitter taste receptor that influences bitter taste perce

172 A polymorphism in a bitter taste receptor was recently associated with refra

173 The TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor, recently identified within intest

174 Bitter taste receptor-14 (TAS2R14) is a GPCR also expres

175 ere, we first demonstrate that, unlike other bitter-taste receptor agonists, absinthin alone (1 mum)

176 a clear signal of positive selection at the bitter-taste receptor gene TAS2R16.

177 Polymorphisms in the bitter-taste receptor TAS2R38 explain the majority of ph

178 In humans, the 25 bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) are activated by hundreds

179 Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) have been implicated in si

180 Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) in the human airway detect

181 Bitter tastants acting upon bitter taste receptors (TAS2R family) have been proposed

182 -protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) including bitter taste receptors (TAS2R) agonists and prostaglandi

183 yometrial cells from human and mouse express bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) and their canonical sign

184 These regions of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are extremely short comp

185 Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are G-protein-coupled re

186 Although bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are important for human

187 Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) enable animals to detect

188 Strikingly, activation of G-protein-coupled bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) in airway smooth muscle

189 There are twenty-five bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) in humans, each of which

190 Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) on the tongue probably e

191 Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), a subfamily of G-protei

192 cytokines through functional involvement of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), we hypothesized that th

193 nclear for many GPCR families, including the bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs).

194 allele-specific expressed genes such as the bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs).

195 y signals, via the functional involvement of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs).

196 ompounds are recognized by G-protein-coupled bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs).

197 Bitter taste receptors (taste 2 receptors, TAS2Rs) serve

198 We recently identified bitter taste receptors (taste family type 2 receptors, o

199 the remaining Gr genes are likely to encode bitter taste receptors [9-11], albeit some function as p

200 TAS2R1 and TAS2R8 were the major bitter taste receptors activated most potently by these

201 y chemosensory cells (SCCs) that express T2R bitter taste receptors along with their downstream signa

202 vide insights into the ligand recognition of bitter taste receptors and suggest activities of TAS2R14

203 Bitter taste receptors as targets for tocolytics in pret

204 have demonstrated that sequence-orthologous bitter taste receptors have distinct agonist profiles.

205 Until now, bitter taste receptors have only been found in bony vert

206 that single taste bud cells express multiple bitter taste receptors have reignited a long-standing co

207 n and colleagues investigate the role of the bitter taste receptors in airway epithelial cells, and f

208 ing to multiple members of the T2R family of bitter taste receptors in the antral and fundic gastric

209 These findings (i) demonstrate that bitter taste receptors in the stomach and the oral cavit

210 These results demonstrate the expression of bitter taste receptors of the T2R family in the mouse an

211 l enteroendocrine cells express chemosensory bitter taste receptors that may play an important role i

212 of the TAS2R16 gene, encoding for one of the bitter taste receptors that selectively binds to salicin

213 The identity of phenolic compounds and the bitter taste receptors they stimulate remain unknown.

214 By challenging 34 mouse bitter taste receptors with 128 prototypical bitter subs

215 ion, and were not seen for variants in other bitter taste receptors without putative roles in glucose

216 e II cells, where taste receptors, including bitter taste receptors, are located.

217 g that some of these chemicals interact with bitter taste receptors, implying that sweeteners likely

218 We found that these cells express sensory bitter taste receptors, which localized on motile cilia.

219 d in the oral cavity, where they function as bitter taste receptors.

220 ystem to show that specific T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors.

221 These chemosensory cells express T2R "bitter-taste" receptors and alpha-gustducin, a G protein

222 Based on quantitative data and bitter taste recognition thresholds, dose-over-threshold

223 n of 1-8 in coffee concentrations elicited a bitter taste recognized in 80 % of the panelists, sugges

224 scending pathways is required for shock- and bitter-taste-reinforced aversive learning.

225 t have investigated the relationship between bitter-taste response and dietary behaviors and chronic

226 a history of rapid yet constrained change in bitter taste responses in the course of primate evolutio

227 naling components that transduce or regulate bitter taste responses.

228 and mouse) can determine the selectivity of bitter taste responses.

229 the GWASs, the highest associations were for bitter taste (rs1726866-TAS2R38, with P = 7.74 x 10-18 f

230 Previously, we showed that changes in bitter taste sensation accompanied this adaptation.

231 compelling evidence for its pivotal role in bitter taste sensation, a direct involvement of the G-pr

232 , obesity influences components of sweet and bitter taste sensing in the duodenum as well as regions

233 Bitter taste sensing is mediated by type 2 taste recepto

234 and palate epithelium and are implicated in bitter taste sensing.

235 Bitter taste-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (type 2

236 e taste pathways by activating the sour- and bitter-taste-sensing cells.

237 Genetic variation in bitter taste sensitivity has been well documented, and i

238 ore general, hypothesis is that variation in bitter taste sensitivity has coevolved with the use of s

239 nd food intake in healthy volunteers.Lingual bitter taste sensitivity was tested with the use of 6 co

240 a collectively suggests that RGS21 modulates bitter taste signal transduction.

241 ermore, addition of compounds widely used in bitter taste signaling (e.g., denatonium, phenylthiocarb

242 gand binding assay, these results illuminate bitter taste signaling and provide tools for a site-targ

243 are mediated via activation of the canonical bitter taste signaling cascade (i.e., TAS2R-gustducin-ph

244 Here we report that bitter taste signaling in murine BCs induces neurogenic

245 ed high expression levels of cholinergic and bitter taste signaling transcripts (Tas2r108, Gnat3, Trp

246 expression approach to analyze the logic of bitter taste signaling.

247 Bitter taste signals a potentially toxic food that shoul

248 dorants and pheromones as well as sweet- and bitter-tasting small molecules are perceived through act

249 onal anatomy of neural circuits activated by bitter taste stimulation.

250 tuation phenomenon generalized to four other bitter taste stimuli (caffeine, aristolochic acid, Grind

251 uch cells, a subpopulation responsive to the bitter taste stimuli quinine and cycloheximide, and aver

252 could discriminate between salicin and those bitter taste stimuli that activate (1) different populat

253 enhanced ATP release evoked by sweet but not bitter taste stimuli.

254 s of taste cells that respond selectively to bitter taste stimuli.

255 his insect facilitates the discrimination of bitter taste stimuli.

256 tributes to the discrimination of different "bitter" taste stimuli in Manduca sexta caterpillars.

257 ) contribute to the discrimination of three "bitter" taste stimuli: salicin, caffeine, and aristoloch

258 olved in the transduction of both sweet- and bitter-tasting stimuli by mammalian taste receptor cells

259 at PYY signaling modulates responsiveness to bitter-tasting stimuli, as well as to lipid emulsions.

260 ar's taste-mediated aversive response to one bitter taste stimulus (salicin) and then asked whether t

261 could not discriminate between salicin and a bitter taste stimulus that activates the same signaling

262 Denatonium, one of the most bitter-tasting substances known, stimulated insulin secr

263 ubunit implicated in responses to sweet- and bitter-tasting substances.

264 cated in the transduction of both sweet- and bitter-tasting substances.

265 atory reflexes to locally released bacterial bitter "taste" substances are most probably initiated by

266 investigated this question in the Drosophila bitter taste system, which contains diverse bitter-sensi

267 es the chemosensory receptor subfamilies for bitter taste (TAS2R) and pheromones (Vomeronasal, VN1R)

268 (those who experienced greater intensity of bitter tastes), tasters, or nontasters (those who experi

269 and salty tastes and reject lower levels of bitter tastes than do adults.

270 ables, particularly the vegetables that were bitter tasting, than did the taster children during a fr

271 vide a plausible explanation for the uniform bitter taste that is evoked by many structurally unrelat

272 ntrations in nectar did not exceed the bees' bitter taste threshold, implying that pollinators impose

273 Human bitter taste thresholds of 1, 2, and 4-8 were determined

274 y, mild oliguria, moderate nasal congestion, bitter taste , throat discomfort, alongside severe manif

275 urbitacins are known to impart an unpleasant bitter taste to edible fruits and even lead to severe he

276 pure nature-derived food additive to provide bitter taste to foods and beverages.

277 use of their cellular toxicity and resultant bitter taste to humans.

278 ction to protect an animal from ingestion of bitter-tasting toxins.

279 of the G-protein subunit alpha-gustducin in bitter taste transduction in taste cells has not been de

280 s GWAS; none was involved in known sweet and bitter taste transduction pathways.

281 wnstream signaling effectors associated with bitter taste transduction.

282 nsive cells and thus may also play a role in bitter taste transduction.

283 ength using different compounds of sweet and bitter taste types, suggesting taste sensation specifici

284 on that the recognition of sweet, umami, and bitter tastes use the same signaling molecules.

285 reflected the higher consumption of the more bitter-tasting vegetables (olives, cucumber, and broccol

286 of PROP would give higher hedonic ratings to bitter-tasting vegetables and would consume more bitter

287 ay a role in the acceptance and rejection of bitter-tasting vegetables by young children.

288 A significant predictive model for bitter taste was built by means of PLSR.

289 Bitter taste was highly correlated with the in-mouth per

290 ting the brain fields representing sweet and bitter taste we directly control an animal's internal re

291 Some vegetables and fruit have bitter tastes, which can be aversive to consumers, parti

292 yoniresinol 1 is reported to impart a strong bitter taste while its enantiomer (-)-lyoniresnol 2 is t

293 esity have concentrated largely on sweet and bitter tastes, with little work on the "savory" tastes-s

294 s were led to believe that a highly aversive bitter taste would be less distasteful than it actually