ライフサイエンスコーパス: bleach

1 ., the proportion of colonies on a reef that bleached).

2 o the irritation associated with chlorinated bleach.

3 usceptible to inactivation by treatment with bleach.

4 but does not recover, and one that does not bleach.

5 tability and limit inactivation from heat or bleach.

6 protection to prevent their deactivation by bleach.

7 but no genetic structure was associated with bleaching.

8 ure, yet relatively few loci associated with bleaching.

9 s within species reacted very differently to bleaching.

10 t, experienced the greatest losses following bleaching.

11 s to breakdown more frequently, resulting in bleaching.

12 ch includes all MHWs that caused major coral bleaching.

13 osynthetic potential after the first year of bleaching.

14 enefits of these nutrients persist following bleaching.

15 lightly improved resistance to hydration and bleaching.

16 played a similarly strong role in predicting bleaching.

17 trajectories of fish communities after mass bleaching.

18 ions now have a higher thermal threshold for bleaching.

19 limit damaging effects of thermally-induced bleaching.

20 absorbance capacity (ORAC) and beta-carotene bleaching.

21 pporting genes may be involved in triggering bleaching.

22 or color quality than obtained with chemical bleaching.

23 reef structural complexity following severe bleaching.

24 have explored conditions that moderate coral bleaching.

25 ) before and after high temperature-mediated bleaching.

26 sensitivity of a jurisdiction's fisheries to bleaching.

27 maging and fluorescence recovery after photo-bleaching.

28 e warming oceans may extend far beyond coral bleaching.

29 benthic data collected pre- (2014) and post-bleaching (2016-2019) at 12 sites across three locations

30 PIM-FRAP, wherein we use a sheet of light to bleach a two-dimensional (2D) plane and subsequently ima

31 To evaluate the bleaching ability, the effect on enamel surface and cyto

32 ollution can shape spatial patterns of coral bleaching across a seascape.

33 erant parents showed two to three times less bleaching across species than nursery stock from less to

34 strongest radical scavenging, beta-carotene bleaching activity, alpha-glucosidase inhibition and the

35 and a rare highly active state that mediates bleaching adaptation in photoreceptors.

36 Bleaching adaptation in rod photoreceptors is mediated b

37 We conclude that bleaching adaptation is mediated by opsin that exists in

38 eguide modes, we detect incoherent A-exciton bleaching along with a coherent optical Stark shift in W

39 strongest radical scavenging, beta-carotene bleaching, alpha-glucosidase inhibition and greatest amo

40 es in line with projected increases in coral bleaching among contemporary inshore and mid-shelf reefs

41 Most corals bleach and suffer mortality at just 1-2 degrees C above

42 ays; RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.69-1.04; p=0.116), or bleach and UV (n=131; 45.6 cases per 10 000 exposure day

43 V-C] light except for C difficile, for which bleach and UV-C were used); bleach; and bleach and UV-C.

44 hich bleach and UV-C were used); bleach; and bleach and UV-C.

45 We compared existing Porites data with bleached and unbleached colonies of the branching coral

46 To test this, bleached and unbleached sea anemones, both with and with

47 ilar to temperatures known to initiate coral bleaching and are therefore relevant for application in

48 Frequent occurrences of coral bleaching and associated coral mortality over recent dec

49 g sponges depended on the intensity of coral bleaching and consequent coral mortality.

50 ures (SST), which were associated with coral bleaching and declines in coral cover, and (ii) maximum

51 Despite linkage between coral bleaching and disease, the roles of symbiotic bacteria i

52 Furthermore, EB-NS display no bleaching and high brightness compared with other NIR fl

53 A. solitaryensis, showed little incidence of bleaching and immediate mortality.

54 Thermal-stress events that cause coral bleaching and mortality have recently increased in frequ

55 s associated with climate change cause coral bleaching and mortality that threatens coral reefs globa

56 n the region were decimated by massive coral bleaching and mortality.

57 Using island-wide surveys of coral bleaching and nitrogen availability within a Bayesian hi

58 communities in the Maldives, caused by coral bleaching and other disturbances (outbreaks of crown-of-

59 transient marine heatwaves are causing coral bleaching and profoundly altering habitat structure, yet

60 to an extreme heatwave that triggered coral bleaching and to invasive rats which disrupt nutrient su

61 are treated at room temperature with NaClO (bleach) and then UV-irradiated for less than one minute

62 hes, photo-induced absorption, photo-induced bleach, and carrier population dynamics.

63 ovides protection against hydrogen peroxide, bleach, and ciprofloxacin.

64 leach frames, diffusion (and binding) during bleaching, and bleaching during imaging.

65 orescent protein maturation, photostability, bleaching, and fluorescence brightness can have an impac

66 ensitive algal symbiont communities, endured bleaching, and then recovered through proliferation of h

67 icile, for which bleach and UV-C were used); bleach; and bleach and UV-C.

68 Effects of coral bleaching are not however, equally apportioned among dif

69 re we synthesize field observations of coral bleaching at 3351 sites in 81 countries from 1998 to 201

70 An ~675-nm bleach attributed to the loss of chl-a absorption due to

71 on of key I/R injury-components by combining bleaching-augmented solvent-based non-toxic clearing (BA

72 ortable experimental system termed the Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS), we thus highl

73 with coral diseases and temperature-induced bleaching being primary drivers of these declines.

74 species' differential responses to the post-bleaching benthic trajectories, suggesting that projecti

75 es can be inactivated by exposure to heat or bleach, but poliovirus, coxsackievirus B3, and reovirus

76 ent and projections indicating annual severe bleaching by the 2050s at most reefs, long-term effects

77 Bleaching caused a dramatic reduction of 'Ca.

78 Coral bleaching, caused by the loss of brownish-colored dinofl

79 the greatest stability and its spectral and bleaching characteristics was intermediate to 1 -> 2 and

80 Floor bleach cleaning led to prolonged, substantial decreases

81 en trichloride (NCl(3)) mixing ratios during bleach cleaning reported herein are likely detrimental t

82 -per-billion by volume levels indoors during bleach cleaning-several orders of magnitude higher than

83 tches of different types, including natural, bleached/colored, colored and gray, were exposed on the

84 max) (<=16 nm), resistance to hydration, and bleaching compared to 1 -> 6 disaccharides.The 1 -> 6 di

85 Exposing these corals to thermal bleaching conditions changes the microbiome for heat-sen

86 tes were maintained or increased after coral bleaching, consistent with increasing abundance of herbi

87 ures are causing severe and widespread coral bleaching, contributing to extensive coral loss and degr

88 In October 2017, after the bleaching, coral populations were dominated by smaller a

89 Occasionally, bleached corals become exceptionally colorful rather tha

90 g, respectively, 54%, 68% and 93% of the pre-bleaching cover in 2019.

91 he northern Red Sea has not experienced mass bleaching despite intensive Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) o

92 ties, with reduced light, are less likely to bleach during thermal-stress events than corals at other

93 iffusion (and binding) during bleaching, and bleaching during imaging.

94 inear drift, 2) exponential decrease (due to bleaching during the measurements), 3) stochastic Gaussi

95 idity, between 0.080 and 0.127 reduced coral bleaching during thermal-stress events.

96 reductions are unlikely to buffer projected bleaching effects among outer-shelf GBR reefs dominated

97 or brightness and photostability (no obvious bleaching even after continuous laser irradiation for 5

98 ding that excess nitrogen can trigger severe bleaching even under relatively low heat stress implies

99 Nonetheless, by the 2017 bleaching event all soft coral populations exhibited sig

100 ivores and piscivores were unaffected by the bleaching event and sustained the greatest difference in

101 Ocean, immediately before the 2015-2016 mass bleaching event and, in 2018, two years following the bl

102 reef community changes following the 2015/16 bleaching event at Aldabra Atoll, where direct human imp

103 Before the 2015 natural bleaching event in American Samoa, we set out 800 coral

104 cessive annual spawning seasons and the 2016 bleaching event on the Great Barrier Reef.

105 her individual genetic diversity through the bleaching event than did less heat-tolerant corals.

106 of the 2015-2016 El Nino-induced mass coral bleaching event, we quantified the effects of severe hea

107 s, which were coincidental with a mass coral bleaching event.

108 le loss of habitat volume one year after the bleaching event.

109 n Kane'ohe Bay Hawai'i during the 2015 coral bleaching event.

110 mal stress during the 2014-2017 global coral bleaching event.

111 event and, in 2018, two years following the bleaching event.

112 cades, spanning a major climate-driven coral bleaching event.

113 hown differential mortality during a natural bleaching event.

114 no consensus regarding what causes colorful bleaching events and what the consequences for the coral

115 Here, we document that colorful bleaching events are a recurring phenomenon in reef regi

116 Climate-driven coral bleaching events are fundamentally changing coral reef e

117 Earth's temperature continues to rise, coral bleaching events become more frequent.

118 tering habitat structure, yet despite severe bleaching events becoming more frequent and projections

119 em-following unprecedented back-to-back mass bleaching events caused by global warming.

120 corals are exceptionally heat-resistant, yet bleaching events have increased in frequency.

121 increase in frequency and severity of coral bleaching events is likely to make even rapid recovery a

122 These increasingly frequent bleaching events often result in large scale coral morta

123 red as a distinct biological phenomenon from bleaching events on coral reefs.

124 s affect the response of coral reefs to mass bleaching events or whether the benefits of these nutrie

125 Recently, consecutive coral bleaching events shifted the morphological makeup of hab

126 ase in the incidence of regional-scale coral bleaching events since the 1980s; analyses based on glob

127 perature conditions associated with colorful bleaching events suggests that corals develop extreme co

128 ng soft coral on Guam back-reefs, cumulative bleaching events ultimately turned this "winner" into a

129 Despite the increased frequency of coral bleaching events, few studies to date have examined chan

130 Given realized and projected frequencies of bleaching events, our results show that fish communities

131 pecies coral nursery that withstood multiple bleaching events, that proxies for thermal tolerance in

132 hereby heightening reef resilience to future bleaching events.

133 gen evolution according to homogeneous photo-bleach experiment, electron spin-resonance spectroscopy,

134 "Iterative bleaching extends multiplexity" (IBEX) uses an iterative

135 NAs for extended time periods, likely due to bleached fluorophore replacement.

136 ts demonstrate how these effects could delay bleaching for corals, providing thermal refugia.

137 ts with temperature anomalies to alter coral bleaching for the two dominant genera of branching coral

138 estimation and that accounting for multiple bleach frames improves the result.

139 We show that accounting for multiple bleach frames is important and that the effect of neglec

140 The model explicitly accounts for multiple bleach frames, diffusion (and binding) during bleaching,

141 Tooth bleaching gels containing bromelain, papain, or ficin ha

142 omelain, ficin-based, and carbamide peroxide bleaching gels showed a similar color change (p < 0.001)

143 The most severely-bleached genera included species that were either endemi

144 eates a delay in the timing of annual severe bleaching >= 10 yr (>= 20 yr) for 38% (9%), 15% (1%), an

145 reefs are biologically distinct to how coral bleaching has been understood to date, in that heatwave

146 In the last decade, the onset of coral bleaching has occurred at significantly higher SSTs (~0.

147 ditions, MHWs identify all areas where coral bleaching has previously been reported; (b) those condit

148 Our data indicate that colorful bleaching has the potential to identify local environmen

149 logical advantage by enhancing resilience to bleaching, highlighting the benefits of symbioses in a c

150 ly sensitive at micromolar concentrations to bleach (hypochlorous acid, HOCl), a potent antimicrobial

151 emperature-sensitive ecosystems (e.g., coral bleaching, hypoxia) and is expected to have expanding im

152 In contrast, the severity of bleaching (i.e., the proportion of an individual colony

153 Yet evidence of long-term bleaching impacts on coral reef fishery productivity is

154 s and cones adapt to background light and to bleaches in a manner almost identical to other vertebrat

155 t thermal events have resulted in soft coral bleaching in four of five years on Guam, where they domi

156 rtality associated with the 2016 severe mass bleaching in the Central Maldives Archipelago.

157 We argue that bleaching in the Red Sea may be vastly underrepresented.

158 ing events that have led to documented coral bleaching in the Red Sea, we propose that this approach

159 nd further confirmed by digital blinking and bleaching in the temporal domain.

160 derived from it into a predictive model for bleaching in the wild.

161 tosynthetic potential through three years of bleaching, in contrast to the other species that exhibit

162 enhance poliovirus stability against heat or bleach inactivation, but the specific molecular requirem

163 Although coral bleaching increased fishery dependence on herbivore spec

164 Particularly catastrophic bleaching-induced coral mortality events in the past 5 y

165 es have been punctuated by severe mass coral bleaching-induced mortality events that have grown in in

166 ctivity (IC(50) = 6.81 ug/mL), beta-carotene bleaching inhibition (IC(50) = 206 ug/mL), ferric reduci

167 Relatively, holes predominantly bleach inter-chain interactions with H-type electronic c

168 dly assimilating our knowledge base of coral bleaching into more integrated frameworks.

169 t brood stocks to repeated episodes of coral bleaching is inexorably tied to an impaired capacity for

170 Coral bleaching is one of the main drivers of reef degradation

171 Coral recovery from bleaching is only known to occur after temperatures retu

172 on levels declined precipitously long before bleaching itself was evident, suggesting that loss of ex

173 de of temperature anomalies that cause coral bleaching, leading to widespread mortality of stony cora

174 Washing with chlorine bleach leads to high mixing ratios of gas-phase HOCl.

175 benthic cover suggest growing resistance to bleaching-level heat stress among coral communities subj

176 dark adaptation following exposure to bright bleaching light was significantly delayed in GRK1-S21A m

177 However, conventional point-bleach measurements are complicated by signal-to-noise l

178 soft coral populations exhibited significant bleaching-mediated declines and loss of photosynthetic e

179 BEX) uses an iterative staining and chemical bleaching method to enable high-resolution imaging of >6

180 In the wake of repeated coral bleaching mortalities in Lakshadweep, we examined how wa

181 f the pigmented E. gracilis strain Z and two bleached mutants that lack detectable plastid structures

182 lycosyldiacylglycerols were detected in both bleached mutants, indicating that mutant cells retain so

183 ary outcome was not statistically lower with bleach (n=101; 41.6 cases per 10 000 exposure days; RR 0

184 raphically, the highest probability of coral bleaching occurred at tropical mid-latitude sites (15-20

185 ush them above their thermal tolerance (e.g. bleaching of coral reefs).

186 nch Polynesia has repeatedly resulted in the bleaching of corals and giant clams.

187 Of these, only DMPO decreased the bleaching of norbixin indicating the involvement of carb

188 However, bleaching often is spatially variable for a given heat s

189 2010 the region experienced the most severe bleaching on record with corals subject to sea temperatu

190 ngle-dye molecules and quantum dots, without bleaching or blinking.

191 might be involved in triggering or executing bleaching, or in protecting corals from it, we used RNAs

192 the background (i.e., fluorophore blinking, bleaching, or moving).

193 an operational system informing-and testing-bleaching outcomes.

194 implement new capacity to resolve how coral bleaching patterns emerge from complex biological-enviro

195 Yet coral bleaching patterns vary spatially and temporally.

196 ovariates and temperature metrics to analyze bleaching patterns.

197 forts have therefore persistently focused on bleaching phenomena to understand where corals bleach, w

198 Coral reefs have been subject to mass coral bleaching, potentially causing rapid and widespread degr

199 In appropriate cases, bleached preparations and other immunohistochemical stai

200 ra and Acropora, heat stress primarily drove bleaching prevalence (i.e., the proportion of colonies o

201 The bleach produced a dramatic increase in the frequency of

202 h-whitening agent in self-administered tooth-bleaching products.

203 maps of the effects these processes have on bleaching projections for three IPCC-AR5 emissions scena

204 e that this approach could be used to reveal bleaching-prone regions in other data-limited tropical r

205 ew (40)Ar/(39)Ar on tephras and ESR dates on bleached quartz securely and accurately place these occu

206 re are three mantATP binding sites: one that bleaches rapidly (time constant ~ 1.7 s) and recovers sl

207 Spectral changes, half-lives, and bleaching rates were determined.

208 sh relationship could, therefore, facilitate bleaching recovery.

209 The bleaching reduction can be converted into accordingly br

210 immobile binding sites, as well as arbitrary bleach region shapes.

211 s accounted for <50% and <0.1% total loss of bleach-related compounds from indoor air, respectively;

212 her parrotfish growth was enhanced following bleaching-related coral mortality, thus providing an org

213 ite and in situ temperature data can provide bleaching-relevant heat stress results to avoid misrepre

214 ow the past three decades of intensive coral bleaching research has established the basis for complex

215 Pre-bleaching reserve responses were consistent with a large

216 trenchii across inshore corals suggests that bleaching resilience among even the most stress tolerant

217 sufficient to confer heat resistance but not bleach resistance.

218 otic, (4) solitary or small colonies and (5) bleaching-resistant.

219 Here, we investigated the bleaching response and mortality of 14 coral genera acro

220 Toward predicting bleaching response from genomic data, we generated a chr

221 was considerable spatial variation in their bleaching response which corresponded with reef-flat dep

222 d non-stress periods, confirming contrasting bleaching responses among taxa.

223 severity of assemblage-scale and genus-level bleaching responses was associated with cumulative heat

224 The severity of assemblage-scale bleaching responses was poorly explained by the environm

225 nces in species abundance and taxon-specific bleaching responses.

226 and 168.9 ug/mL meanwhile the beta-carotene bleaching results were 55.19% and 5.75% respectively.

227 ed a genome-wide association study of visual bleaching score for 213 samples, incorporating the polyg

228 After 106 days, bleached sea anemones with anemonefish had an algal symb

229 ore, total chlorophyll was 66% higher in the bleached sea anemones with anemonefish than the controls

230 In contrast, recovery did not occur for the bleached sea anemones without anemonefish as they had 78

231 that roles in either promoting or preventing bleaching seem plausible.

232 cesses that underlie larval connectivity and bleaching sensitivity in coral networks.

233 Bleaching severity of Pocillopora was high where SST(LTM

234 TMAX) was low or PARZ(VAR) was high, whereas bleaching severity of Porites was directly associated wi

235 ogen interacted with heat stress to increase bleaching severity up to twofold when nitrogen was high

236 The marked taxonomic disparity in bleaching severity, coupled with high mortality of high-

237 etworks, which together regulate outcomes of bleaching severity.

238 However, there was a post-bleaching shift in benthic community structure around is

239 pped Au(333)(SR)(79) all exhibit two plasmon-bleaching signals independent of the -R group as well as

240 In February 2016 (prior to recent mass-bleaching), size-frequency distributions of all coral ta

241 e the supramolecular cellulose structures in bleached softwood Kraft fibers during enzyme-mediated hy

242 Application of chlorine bleach solution (major component sodium hypochlorite, Na

243 indoor air while cleaning with a commercial bleach solution during the House Observations of Microbi

244 ntamination with the bacteriophage MS-2 when bleach solution spray or wipes were used for PPE disinfe

245 Quantitative analysis of the bleaching solution reveals how the process variables aff

246 ic copper(II) chloride and hydrogen peroxide bleaching solution.

247 (2)-FA fibrous nanoparticles offer favorable bleaching stability and exceptional surface area-to-volu

248 he potential of deep coral reef refugia from bleaching stress by leveraging a long record of satellit

249 plications, for example, in experiments that bleach subregions versus the entire condensate, two comm

250 rogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) from household non-bleach surface cleaning in a chamber designed to simulat

251 Bleached surfaces are temporarily repaired to some exten

252 This study explored variation in bleaching susceptibility and mortality associated with t

253 ts, and algal type association), we assessed bleaching susceptibility of Stylophora pistillata coloni

254 al and environmental frameworks underpinning bleaching susceptibility, but that new tools are urgentl

255 ogy, cryptic genetic structure, and apparent bleaching susceptibility.

256 We analyzed coral bleaching, temperature, and turbidity data from 3,694 si

257 t density and colour score were lower in the bleached than unbleached sea anemones, whereas total chl

258 xima and the hybrid were more susceptible to bleaching than S. polydactyla, and this was related to d

259 more reactive (susceptible to hydration and bleaching) than cyanidin-3-glucoside.

260 hibited enhanced growth of individuals after bleaching that was decoupled from expected thermal perfo

261 y environmental stressors that lead to coral bleaching (that is, the disruption of endosymbiosis), wh

262 This collapse bleaches the absorption, at a peak intensity one order o

263 ea-level anomalies, and frequency of extreme bleaching the positive role of rising sea level should n

264 Acropora species are extremely vulnerable to bleaching, the Acropora species common at high latitudes

265 t symbionts, and despite initially resisting bleaching, these corals had no survival advantage in one

266 did not enhance community-wide resistance to bleaching, they may still promote recovery of these reef

267 or water quality are more resistant to coral bleaching, they recover from disturbance more slowly and

268 sing ocean temperatures and associated coral bleaching threaten the structural integrity of these imp

269 However, they are unable to increase their bleaching thresholds after 6-months acclimation to + 1 d

270 pigments could facilitate recolonization of bleached tissue by symbionts.

271 O(2)) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, liquid bleach) to remove impurities present in microbial cellul

272 Documenting post-bleaching trajectories of coral reef communities is cruc

273 The RNAs persist in progeny after bleach treatment of adult animals, indicating vertical t

274 A bleach treatment produces some highly negatively charged

275 eloped lesions after bacterial challenge and bleached under thermal stress).

276 ts into the cellular mechanisms of cnidarian bleaching under different environmental stressors.

277 Loss of endosymbiotic algae ("bleaching") under heat stress has become a major problem

278 or detecting coral reef zones susceptible to bleaching, using the Red Sea as a model system.

279 corals are declining worldwide, responses to bleaching vary within and across species and are partly

280 , NCl(3)) production occurred in the applied bleach via aqueous reactions involving nitrite (NO(2)(-)

281 sinfectant except for C difficile, for which bleach was used); UV (quaternary ammonium disinfectant a

282 Instead, the severity of assemblage-scale bleaching was associated with local differences in speci

283 Soft coral bleaching was examined in Sinularia maxima, S. polydacty

284 evels returned to baseline many hours before bleaching was first detected, raising doubts about their

285 The results indicate that the extent of bleaching was limited during the 2009-2010 El Nino event

286 Coral bleaching was most common in localities experiencing hig

287 xtended farther and occurred more often than bleaching was reported; and (c) an emergent pattern of e

288 However, coral bleaching was significantly less common in localities wi

289 the proportion of an individual colony that bleached) was positively associated with both heat stres

290 twice-daily intranasal mupirocin, and daily bleach-water baths.

291 high ocean temperature together cause coral bleaching, we explore whether corals at turbid localitie

292 ease the susceptibility of a coral colony to bleaching, we lack evidence that heterogeneity in nitrog

293 ermediate AMD, before and after photopigment bleaching, were used to quantify visual pigment metrics.

294 eaching phenomena to understand where corals bleach, when and why-resulting in a large-yet still some

295 amage is mediated by a process called 'coral bleaching' where corals, sea anemones, and other cnidari

296 sea surface temperatures often lead to coral bleaching wherein reef-building corals lose significant

297 es have caused pantropical episodes of coral bleaching, which has led to widespread coral mortality a

298 corals survived the event by recovering from bleaching while still at elevated temperatures.

299 yses based on global climate models forecast bleaching will become an annual event for most of the wo

300 vers slowly (time constant ~ 44 s), one that bleaches with the same time constant but does not recove

301 als respond to thermal stress and subsequent bleaching with increases in heterotrophy, which may incr