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1 d outer primary layer thickness in the polar brachiopod.
2 triking multiscale-patterned edge in certain brachiopods.
3 e biomineralization of shell valves in crown brachiopods.
4 ived from the isotopic composition of fossil brachiopods.
5 so reflected in other benthic faunas such as brachiopods.
6  latitudinal trend in shell thickness within brachiopods.
7 ted for the depauperate nature of modern-day brachiopods.
8 ts characteristics of slow-growing, deep sea brachiopods.
9  of chaetal microvilli found in annelids and brachiopods.
10 ith bryozoans, one of which is also found in brachiopods.
11 icae length/shell length) of shell plicae of brachiopods (36.4% and 60.0%, respectively) across the P
12 wo entoprocts, an ectoproct, an inarticulate brachiopod, a phoronid, two annelids, and a platyhelmint
13                                              Brachiopod ability to produce a thicker shell when exten
14 , we investigated morphological evolution of brachiopods across the Permian-Triassic mass extinction
15 costs of calcification by more than half for brachiopods across the PTME, and by ~20-62% for foramini
16 esent quantitative size data of bivalves and brachiopods across the TOAE from oxygenated habitats in
17 uva) and a temperate ( Calloria inconspicua) brachiopod after 7 months and 3 months exposure, respect
18 eement of bulk rock [Formula: see text] with brachiopod and conodont [Formula: see text] trends throu
19  temperatures that were obtained from fossil brachiopod and mollusc shells using the 'carbonate clump
20 exhibits an unusual combination of phoronid, brachiopod and tommotiid (Cambrian problematica) charact
21                                              Brachiopods and bivalve mollusks have also convergently
22 ong diversification and sampling dynamics of brachiopods and bivalves and five paleoenvironmental pro
23          Our study strengthens evidence that brachiopods and bivalves were not competitors over macro
24 tes indicated different spatial responses of brachiopods and bivalves, and of habitat specialists and
25 e rich and densely sampled fossil history of brachiopods and bivalves, while accounting for inconsist
26 rs may have driven biogeographic patterns of brachiopods and bivalves.
27 mportant, previously dominant groups such as brachiopods and crinoids.
28  are also present in other groups, including brachiopods and hyoliths.
29 n temperate buccinid) and echinoids, but not brachiopods and laternulid clams.
30 e of the earliest Paleozoic apatitic-shelled brachiopods and may also be indicators of siliceous biom
31 g the annelids as well as such groups as the brachiopods and molluscs) remains limited.
32                                              Brachiopods and mollusks are 2 shell-bearing phyla that
33  the camenellan tommotiids, relatives of the brachiopods and phoronids.
34 n phyla-the annelids, nemerteans, phoronids, brachiopods and rotifers-show that at least one of these
35 on suggests that the high extinction rate of brachiopods and the limited diversification of new forms
36 r; only pb (in T. transversa), Hox3 (in both brachiopods), and Dfd (in both brachiopods) show stagger
37 tratigraphic interval has yielded trilobite, brachiopod, and hyolith fossils with preserved soft part
38 ter genes are most similar to known annelid, brachiopod, and nemertean Hox gene homeodomain sequences
39 estigated in bivalve and gastropod molluscs, brachiopods, and echinoids.
40 d assemblage composition of marine bivalves, brachiopods, and gastropods over one-million-year time s
41 essed in the excretory organs of a phoronid, brachiopod, annelid, onychophoran, priapulid, and hemich
42            'Articulated' rhynchonelliformean brachiopods are abundant shelly fossils, but the direct
43                                      Smaller brachiopods are attached to the specimen; these include
44 er supports the conjecture that molluscs and brachiopods are descended from an ancestral vermiform an
45                                          The brachiopod-bivalve switch is emblematic of the global tu
46 clades during the PTME set the stage for the brachiopod-bivalve switch, with differential responses t
47 s was attributed to competitive exclusion of brachiopods by the better adapted bivalves or simply to
48 occurred nearly in parallel across all major brachiopod clades (classes and orders) and is consistent
49 ath model shows that the extinction of major brachiopod clades during the PTME set the stage for the
50 l size increases among major, more inclusive brachiopod clades from a single habitat type is best exp
51  allowing sessile suspension feeders such as brachiopods, corals, and bryozoans to recover rapidly.
52  Less extensive dissolution in the temperate brachiopod did not affect shell thickness.
53 e report that the load-bearing shells of the brachiopod Discinisca tenuis are an exception to this pr
54 competed brachiopods evolutionarily, because brachiopod diversity declined through time while bivalve
55          However, the presence of thecideoid brachiopod ectosymbionts on its carapace, usually associ
56 es, suggesting that bivalves have suppressed brachiopod evolution.
57 ing debate over whether bivalves outcompeted brachiopods evolutionarily, because brachiopod diversity
58                                              Brachiopods experienced a wholesale turnover across the
59 ypes of risk intersect in the well-preserved brachiopod fauna of the Appalachian Foreland Basin durin
60 rocta are not sister taxa, (3) phoronids and brachiopods form a monophyletic clade, and (4) neither E
61                     The average body size of brachiopods from a single habitat type increased gradual
62 level evolutionary framework for articulated brachiopods from North America.
63 nction dynamics of fossil marine bivalve and brachiopod genera from the Ordovician through to the Rec
64  unique association with epibiont thecideoid brachiopods, giving insights onto the palaeoenvironment
65                                         Both brachiopod groups show a rapid recovery at the Sinsk Eve
66  adapted bivalves or simply to the fact that brachiopods had been hit especially hard by the PTME.
67                          Marine bivalves and brachiopods have overlapping niches such that competitio
68 e-specific transcriptomic analyses show that brachiopod Hox genes are neither strictly temporally nor
69 n of lophotrochozoans, suggesting rooting of brachiopods into the sessile lophotrochozoans and the or
70 tages of camenellans, an early clade of stem-brachiopods, known previously only from isolated sclerit
71 e a maximum-likelihood approach to show that brachiopod (lamp shell) abundance distributions from fou
72 um channel/acid-sensing ion channel from the brachiopod (lamp shell) Novocrania anomala, at which dia
73  diversity through this interval: phosphatic brachiopods (linguliformeans) show a body size decrease
74 brates: a crustacean Paraceradocus miersi, a brachiopod Liothyrella uva, two bivalve molluscs, Latern
75 nd echiurans) with nemerteans, phoronids and brachiopods, molluscs as sister to that assemblage, and
76 ay components in chaetae and shell fields in brachiopods, mollusks, and annelids provide molecular ev
77                                          How brachiopod morphological innovations reacted to swiftly
78 ntal drivers had any detectable influence on brachiopod or bivalve diversification.
79  history of the four major Mesozoic-Cenozoic brachiopod orders (Terebratulida, Rhynchonellida, Spirif
80  bivalve extinction rates causally increased brachiopod origination rates, suggesting that bivalves h
81 indicate an affinity with the lophophorates (brachiopods, phoronids and tommotiids), substantially in
82  putative clade Lophophorata, which includes brachiopods, phoronids, and bryozoans, united by a cilia
83 lia (mollusks and entoprocts), Lophophorata (brachiopods, phoronids, and ectoprocts), and a third unn
84                                  Present-day brachiopods revealed frequencies only slightly higher.
85                                     Calcitic brachiopods (rhynchonelliformeans), however, show a gene
86 on mechanisms of biominerals like corals and brachiopod shells, as well as the scale formation in des
87 Hox3 (in both brachiopods), and Dfd (in both brachiopods) show staggered mesodermal expression.
88 characterized by abundant occurrences of the brachiopod Soaresirhynchia, which exhibits characteristi
89 arkably, expression of the Hox genes in both brachiopod species demonstrates cooption of Hox genes in
90  cluster, and expression of Hox genes in two brachiopod species, Terebratalia transversa and Novocran
91 n assigned variously to stem-group annelids, brachiopods, stem-group molluscs or stem-group aculifera
92                      But the trends shown by brachiopods suggests a differing physiological response.
93 l fusion events shared between bryozoans and brachiopods, supporting the traditional but highly debat
94 esponse gradient, which is also stronger for brachiopods than for bivalves, while the relationship co
95        A classic example was the switch from brachiopods to bivalves as major seabed organisms follow
96    Therefore, the ecological transition from brachiopods to bivalves was more protracted and complex
97 tterns suggests that the shift from abundant brachiopods to dominant molluscs was abrupt and largely
98 rals, fossil-plant matter, and shallow-water brachiopods, we estimated atmospheric partial pressure o
99  persistent rarity of drilling suggests that brachiopods were the secondary casualties of mistaken or
100 redation indicates that attacks on Paleozoic brachiopods were very rare, especially compared to those