ライフサイエンスコーパス: calyx

1 Scn binding pocket (also referred to as the calyx).

2 uction in the surface area and volume of the calyx.

3 two glomerulus-like substructures in the MB calyx.

4 tes downward and toward the perimeter of the calyx.

5 and EF loop apposition and occlusion of the calyx.

6 0 these ligands no longer bind within the TL calyx.

7 ly development and which represent the whole calyx.

8 p 1, residues 38-52) near the opening of the calyx.

9 hological-functional diversity in the mature calyx.

10 ture postnatal day (P)7 and the mature (P21) calyx.

11 s within the striola had not yet developed a calyx.

12 k and swelling subcompartments in the mature calyx.

13 olate mature type I hair cells without their calyx.

14 not merely interrupting visual input to the calyx.

15 s of the main calyx and the dorsal accessory calyx.

16 he diverticulum is in a middle or lower pole calyx, a laparoscopic approach is recommended.

17 f the diverticulum is in a superior anterior calyx, a ureteroscopic approach is recommended while if

18 d at large appositions such as the hair cell-calyx afferent synapses present in central regions of th

19 Here, we report that bouton, dimorph, and calyx afferents all regenerate slowly at different time

20 spillover may play a role in gain control of calyx afferents and contribute to their high-pass proper

21 air cells influence discharge rates in their calyx afferents by modulating the potassium concentratio

22 in CD afferents distinguished dimorphic from calyx afferents by revealing type II hair cell input.

23 The calyx allows the principal neurons in the medial nucleus

24 II Kenyon cells) with dendrites in a dorsal calyx and axons that bifurcate into medial and vertical

25 Dimorphic afferents, which have both calyx and bouton endings, are not labeled by calretinin

26 ation of vestibular efferent neurons excites calyx and dimorphic (CD) afferents.

27 se experiments, alpha9 was expressed in both calyx and dimorphic afferents.

28 ponses were obtained from calyx-bearing (CD, calyx and dimorphic) afferents and from bouton (B) affer

29 erent from those in irregularly discharging (calyx and dimorphic) afferents, much slower and longer l

30 relay information to the mushroom body (MB) calyx and lateral horn.

31 d high variability in fruit weight and size, calyx and peel properties, number of arils per fruit, to

32 synapse with MB gamma neurons in the larval calyx and that these synaptic profiles are engulfed by g

33 ion in the Kenyon cell dendrites of the main calyx and the dorsal accessory calyx.

34 ry centers, including the mushroom body (MB) calyx and the lateral horn (LH) in the protocerebrum.

35 L. monocytogenes survived in calyxes and stem ends of apples of all 3 cultivars throu

36 the location of dendritic arbors within the calyx, and branching pattern in the lobes.

37 gle large afferent nerve terminal, named the calyx, and by the expression of a low-voltage-activated

38 Three aspects of recent findings on the calyx are reviewed here, each of which seems to have onl

39 Cells in the input neuropil, the calyx, are organized into an array of microglomeruli eac

40 action (MAE) from eggplant peel and eggplant calyx (as food processing wastes of eggplant) were compa

41 bitory GABA(B) receptors were present on the calyx at all developmental stages examined.

42 lar space, which we attributed to a residual calyx attached to the basolateral membrane of the hair c

43 bsent from bushy cell somata (from which the calyx axons arise); instead somatic low threshold channe

44 ferent-mediated responses were obtained from calyx-bearing (CD, calyx and dimorphic) afferents and fr

45 er-face ribbons, and 2.6 efferent boutons on calyx-bearing endings.

46 s III Kenyon cells form a separate accessory calyx below the calyx proper.

47 ront of the brain, the shafts, one from each calyx, bifurcate to provide a pair of subdivisions in th

48 s to identify single cells in the Drosophila calyx by light microscopy and compared these with cell s

49 These differences suggest changes in calyx circuitry facilitating the increased demands on pr

50 eriphery a unique postsynaptic terminal, the calyx, completely covers the basolateral walls of type I

51 We found that every calyx contained an overshoot pool approximately 1.8 time

52 her sufficient nor necessary to generate the calyx DAP, whereas I(NaR) by itself can generate a promi

53 ls are encapsulated by a calretinin-positive calyx defining them as type I cells.

54 ons rapidly excites the resting discharge of calyx/dimorphic (CD) afferents.

55 "Dinomischids" possess a basal calyx encircled by 18 tentacles that surround the mouth.

56 n at 400 and 1000Gy promoted browning of the calyx end and fungal infection.

57 -10 ribbon synapses with the inner face of a calyx ending.

58 Thus, both hair cells and calyx endings have large M-like K+ conductances with the

59 Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from calyx endings were performed in an in vitro whole-tissue

60 Calyx endings were strongly labeled by KCNQ4 and erg1 an

61 ferent innervation of type II hair cells and calyx endings, show that turtle efferents commonly conta

62 ne mats, all overlaid by a large presynaptic calyx engulfing the cell.

63 ke, 'gilled' labellum and a showy, patterned calyx - enhance pollinator attraction by exploiting the

64 idues on loops CD and EF, which overhang the calyx entrance, show reduced accessibility to acrylamide

65 ssociated with this type I HC preponderance, calyx fibers make up a much larger fraction of the affer

66 entials, and thereby substantially increased calyx firing rates.

67 e manipulative capabilities of wasp-injected calyx fluid containing polydnaviruses and venom, as well

68 lt mice both channels reside in postsynaptic calyx-forming neurons, but cannot be detected in the inn

69 ir major afferent input; this preparation of calyx-free MNTB neurons allowed the effects of postsynap

70 lost from the ciliary neuron surface as the calyx grows.

71 During calyx growth but before hearing onset, MNTB cells acquir

72 xcitability to decreased excitability during calyx growth could provide a mechanism to establish the

73 sic functional and morphological features of calyx growth have not been studied previously, including

74 However, the posthearing calyx has dramatically different release properties.

75 Our data show that the calyx has reached a mature state by around P18.

76 EM reconstructions also revealed a long pre-calyx heminode, and biophysical modeling showed that exc

77 Na(+) current (I(NaP)), but measurements of calyx I(NaP) together with computer modeling indicate th

78 We found that in the absence of the calyx, IK,L in type I hair cells exhibited unique biophy

79 Both ligands are found to occupy the central calyx in a manner similar to retinol binding in retinol-

80 ith partial disruption of the characteristic calyx in beta-lactoglobulin.

81 part of which approximates a mushroom body's calyx in having large numbers of microglomeruli.

82 hygrosensory neuropil, the lateral accessory calyx (lACA), by reconstructing neurons downstream of he

83 biological ligands in their highly conserved calyx-like cavity, among them siderophores with the stro

84 pallidal input to these neurons forms giant calyx-like synapses, we were able to record extracellula

85 ease directly onto spines from the overlying calyx lined with vesicles.

86 These observations indicate that calyx maturation is not temporally correlated with loss

87 Access to the calyx may be regulated by movement of this loop in respo

88 In the basal ring region of the calyx, medulla neuron terminals are restricted to a smal

89 atterns form several microdomains within the calyx membrane: a synaptic domain facing the hair cell,

90 PN) innervating Kenyon cells (KCs) in the MB calyx microglomeruli and (2) the output MVP2 neuron inne

91 alyces, thereby showing a complete switch of calyx modality from olfaction to vision.

92 type I vestibular hair cells to postsynaptic calyx nerve terminals.

93 ored the involvement of the hydrophobic core/calyx of beta-lactoglobulin in the aggregation process.

94 cluster II in alpha-lactalbumin and into the calyx of beta-lactoglobulin resulting in conformational

95 We demonstrate here that calyx of Held (CH) innervation of its target, which form

96 We addressed this question using the calyx of Held (CH), a large nerve terminal in the audito

97 Using the mature calyx of Held (P16-20), we report that tissue-specific a

98 Recent studies of a giant synapse - the calyx of Held - have shed new light on this issue.

99 together enable high timing precision of the calyx of Held already shortly after its formation.

100 The calyx of Held also expresses a persistent Na(+) current

101 (V)2.1 and Ca(V)2.2 alpha(1) subunits at the calyx of Held at immature and mature developmental stage

102 e matching of excitatory transmission in the calyx of Held by a powerful, precision inhibitory system

103 d Ca(V) 2 subtype currents and levels during calyx of Held development.

104 is conveyed to MNTB neurons through a single calyx of Held excitatory synapse arising from the cochle

105 ude that native mature NMDAR channels at the calyx of Held have a fast time course and reduced block

106 extracellular single-unit recordings at the calyx of Held in brevican-deficient mice yielded a signi

107 ion transfer in endbulbs in the VNLL and the calyx of Held in juvenile Mongolian gerbils.

108 ynaptic terminals in goldfish retina and the calyx of Held in rat auditory brainstem.

109 rent conflict at a large nerve terminal, the calyx of Held in rat brainstem, in which recent studies

110 larger than the RRP at a nerve terminal, the calyx of Held in rat brainstem.

111 nnels, particularly P/Q-type channels at the calyx of Held in rat brainstem.

112 We have introduced the calyx of Held in the auditory brainstem as a model syste

113 he anterior ventral cochlear nucleus and the calyx of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid bod

114 aptic transmission at a central synapse, the calyx of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid bod

115 on molecules from presynaptic neurons of the calyx of Held in the mouse auditory system, a model syna

116 Here, we show in synapses of the calyx of Held in vivo and hippocampal neurons in culture

117 Measurements of calcium at the calyx of Held indicate that deficits in synaptic modulat

118 The calyx of Held inputs degenerated within 3 days in cultur

119 The calyx of Held is a giant axosomatic terminal in the audi

120 The calyx of Held is a giant nerve terminal that forms a glu

121 The calyx of Held is an axosomatic terminal in the auditory

122 tion of synaptic vesicle (SV) release at the calyx of Held is critical for auditory processing.

123 proteins (GITs), GIT1 and GIT2, at the mouse calyx of Held leads to a large increase in AP-evoked rel

124 t the synaptic release of glutamate from the calyx of Held nerve terminal activates CP-AMPARs in the

125 Here we investigated the excitability of the calyx of Held nerve terminal in dysmyelinated auditory b

126 We addressed this issue at the rat calyx of Held nerve terminal with capacitance measuremen

127 Here, we find that at calyx of Held nerve terminals in the rat auditory brains

128 We tested this in calyx of Held nerve terminals, which allow simultaneous

129 d to large specialized terminals such as the calyx of Held or hippocampal mossy fiber bouton.

130 uggesting specific localization to the large calyx of Held presynaptic endings that envelop the princ

131 ly stages of circuit maturation impacted the calyx of Held presynaptic terminal development and funct

132 subunits on a CaV2.1 null background at the calyx of Held presynaptic terminal.

133 precisely timed depolarization of the giant calyx of Held presynaptic terminal.

134 whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from rat calyx of Held presynaptic terminals, our data show, for

135 volumes and subsynaptic distribution at the calyx of Held remains unclear.

136 econvolution analysis of transmission at the calyx of Held showed that this acceleration of the recep

137 ective disruption of this interaction in the calyx of Held synapse decreased the size of the readily

138 l nucleus of the trapezoid body at the mouse calyx of Held synapse express functional homomeric Acid-

139 Using the calyx of Held synapse from tissue-specific dynamin-1 kno

140 to the calcium dependence of release at the calyx of Held synapse in mice.

141 rdings and presynaptic Ca(2+) imaging at the calyx of Held synapse in rat brainstem slices.

142 h protein kinase C (PKC) mediates PTP at the calyx of Held synapse in the auditory brainstem before a

143 The calyx of Held synapse in the mammalian medial nucleus of

144 ds to inhibition of synaptic currents at the calyx of Held synapse in the medial nucleus of the trape

145 t astrocytes juxtaposed to the glutamatergic calyx of Held synapse in the rat medial nucleus of the t

146 x of Held synapse.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The calyx of Held synapse is pivotal to the circuitry that c

147 We find that at the functionally mature calyx of Held synapse the Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinas

148 analyze the role of synapsins 1 and 2 in the calyx of Held synapse, allowing precise measurements of

149 es of genetic ablation of Cplx1 in the mouse calyx of Held synapse, and discovered a developmentally

150 ate the mechanism of this enhancement at the calyx of Held synapse, in which presynaptic glycine rece

151 resolved capacitance measurements at the rat calyx of Held synapse, the role of calmodulin in endocyt

152 and Ca(2+)-imaging experiments at the mouse calyx of Held synapse, to reveal the interplay between C

153 Using the calyx of Held synapse, we find that Na(+) and K(+) chann

154 We investigated this issue at the rat calyx of Held synapse, where previous studies using whol

155 embly blocks neurotransmitter release in the calyx of Held synapse, whereas a mutant peptide that doe

156 Here, we used the mouse calyx of Held synapse, which allows simultaneous presyna

157 orms PKCalpha and PKCbeta mediate PTP at the calyx of Held synapse, with PKCbeta contributing signifi

158 currents, EPSCs, and in vivo activity at the calyx of Held synapse.

159 isoforms PKCalpha and PKCbeta in PTP at the calyx of Held synapse.

160 esent work addressed these issues at a large calyx of Held synapse.

161 ect of glutamate transporter blockade at the calyx of Held synapse.

162 naptic vesicle exocytosis as measured in the Calyx of Held synapse.

163 king a prolonged signaling mode, such as the calyx of Held synapse.

164 ines over early postnatal development in the calyx of Held synapse.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The calyx o

165 nce changes and the postsynaptic EPSC at rat calyx of Held synapses in the absence or presence of tra

166 We addressed this issue using mature calyx of Held synapses whose numbers of bouton-like swel

167 In Calyx of Held synapses, this mutation causes a delay and

168 tsynaptic receptor cluster at glutamatergic, calyx of Held synapses.

169 evelop a model of synaptic depression at the calyx of Held synaptic terminal that combines many of th

170 Here we study the Na+ currents of the rat calyx of Held terminal and compare them with those of po

171 hat intracellular Na(+) concentration at the calyx of Held terminal increased rapidly during spike ac

172 itical design features that allow the mature calyx of Held terminal to fire reliably at frequencies n

173 We have employed the calyx of Held terminal with its target, the principal ne

174 ate release during in vitro ischaemia in the calyx of Held terminal, an experimentally accessible pre

175 n received an excitatory input from a single calyx of Held terminal, and this one-to-one pattern of i

176 Using direct recordings from the rat calyx of Held terminal, we found that a fast Na(+)/K(+)-

177 in three typical forms of endocytosis at rat calyx of Held terminals by whole-cell membrane capacitan

178 Na(+) substantially accumulated in the mouse calyx of Held terminals of either sex during repetitive

179 that Na(+) substantially accumulated in the calyx of Held terminals of juvenile mice of either sex d

180 rast, presynaptic receptors on glutamatergic calyx of Held terminals were composed of dispersed, homo

181 KEY POINTS: At rat calyx of Held terminals, ATP was required not only for s

182 a-syn A53T (h-alpha-synA53T) mutation at the calyx of Held terminals, where release mechanisms can be

183 exploit the unique input-specificity of the calyx of Held to characterize NO modulation at this glut

184 We have used the calyx of Held to investigate the role of presynaptic Kv1

185 -ready vesicles and was in sharp contrast to Calyx of Held transmission, which exhibited 100% reliabi

186 functionally surface-scaled versions of the calyx of Held with respect to vesicle availability, rele

187 04C knockin, on synaptic transmission in the calyx of Held, a central synapse ideally suited for high

188 via membrane capacitance measurements at the calyx of Held, a giant glutamatergic synapse.

189 In recordings from the calyx of Held, a giant mammalian glutamatergic synapse,

190 In recordings made from the rat calyx of Held, a giant mammalian terminal, we found rest

191 Using the calyx of Held, a giant nerve terminal in the mouse brain

192 e, we use a gene-replacement strategy at the calyx of Held, a large CNS model synapse that expresses

193 The calyx of Held, a large glutamatergic presynaptic termina

194 preliminary studies of synaptogenesis at the calyx of Held, a large nerve terminal that selectively i

195 pplication of the pH indicators at the mouse calyx of Held, a mammalian central synapse, similarly re

196 However, unlike the calyx of Held, at the PF-->PC synapse either PKCalpha or

197 sis at the same synaptic nerve terminal, the calyx of Held, in rats.

198 We investigated the formation of the calyx of Held, probably the largest nerve terminal in th

199 At the prehearing calyx of Held, synchronous and asynchronous release is m

200 is issue at a mammalian central synapse, the calyx of Held, using a capacitance measurement technique

201 Using the calyx of Held, we demonstrate here a large presynaptic p

202 ge mammalian central nerve terminal, the rat calyx of Held, we report for the first time that BDNF sl

203 (ET) to the study of a central terminal, the calyx of Held, we revealed an elaborate cytoskeletal sup

204 ut in cultured hippocampal neurons or at the calyx of Held, which abolished evoked exocytosis.

205 of a rat auditory glutamatergic synapse--the calyx of Held--and combined voltage-clamp recordings of

206 c transmission by activating ASIC-1as at the calyx of Held-MNTB synapse.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The ma

207 , and patch pipette perfusion of EGTA at the calyx of Held.

208 generate APs in neurons postsynaptic to the calyx of Held.

209 xplains stimulus-dependent depression at the calyx of Held.

210 with presynaptic Ca(2+) measurements at the calyx of Held.

211 as the neuromuscular junction and the giant calyx of Held.

212 r for mitochondria, mito-APEX2, at the mouse calyx of Held.

213 ns of high-frequency synaptic stimuli at the calyx of Held.

214 the most powerful terminals in the CNS, the calyx of Held.

215 ase mito-APEX2 and expressed it at the mouse calyx of Held.

216 lutamate evoked a transporter current in the calyx of Held.

217 ctive zone expansion at the developing mouse calyx of Held.

218 through the giant glutamatergic synapse, the calyx of Held.

219 l maturation, and subsequent survival of the calyx of Held.

220 pses in cultured hippocampal neurons and the calyx of Held.

221 y of high-speed synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held.

222 ediator of fast synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held.

223 air bundles in the inner ear and the ciliary calyx of photoreceptors in the eye, as an avian ortholog

224 n different fruit fractions (peel, pulp, and calyx of ripe fruits) were investigated by HPLC-DAD-APCI

225 the Odd neurons projects dendrites into the calyx of the mushroom body (MB) and axons into the infer

226 entified a group of cells that innervate the calyx of the mushroom body and could thus define a previ

227 ynaptic input from projection neurons in the calyx of the mushroom body and project axons to the cent

228 xamined the anatomy of the input region, the calyx, of the mushroom bodies of Drosophila melanogaster

229 measurements of synaptic transmission in the calyx-of-Held synapse from mutant mice in which syntaxin

230 of asynchronous neurotransmitter release in calyx-of-Held synapses.

231 the brain and terminate in the mushroom body calyx on a set of secondary olfactory glomeruli, a featu

232 Calretinin labels calyx-only afferents.

233 ed by glutamatergic signals derived from the calyx or simulated by conductance clamp were suppressed

234 cells encapsulated by a calretinin-negative calyx or type II hair cells.

235 Inner-face synapses outnumber those on calyx outer faces by a 40:1 ratio.

236 gher extraction yield (29.17%) than eggplant calyx pectin (ECP; 18.36%).

237 s supplying the annular zone extend from the calyx perimeter toward its center.

238 ls form a separate accessory calyx below the calyx proper.

239 Another part of the calyx receives visual input from the secondary visual ne

240 structure that, similar to the entire larval calyx, receives dendritic inputs from all four MB clones

241 Presynaptic calyx recordings revealed that 3,5-DHPG shifted the acti

242 This calyx region is composed of much smaller glomeruli ("mic

243 ly, a small dendritic domain in the adult MB calyx remains as a fourfold structure that, similar to t

244 We found the P16-P19 calyx RRP consists of two pools: a fast pool (tau </= 0.

245 t a dominant parameter regulating the mature calyx RRP release kinetics is the distance between SVs a

246 vealed that Nav1.6 is already present at the calyx shortly after its formation, which was in line wit

247 The calyx showed a characteristic burst firing pattern, whic

248 Current-clamp recording from the calyx showed that each presynaptic action potential (AP)

249 hese receptors, or the ultrastructure of the calyx, spine mats, and active zones.

250 In vitro, the afferent nerve calyx surrounding type I hair cells causes unstable inte

251 at neurexins perform a major function at the calyx synapse in coupling presynaptic calcium channels t

252 he role of glutamatergic transmission at the calyx synapse is investigated.

253 The isolated chick ciliary neuron calyx synapse preparation was used to test cysteine stri

254 Here, we show at the calyx synapse that synaptotagmin-7-dependent asynchronou

255 The neuromuscular junctions and Calyx synapses of CSPalpha-deficient mice exhibit increa

256 lly occlude each other during development of calyx synapses.

257 We also report new features of calyx synaptic organization, in particular extensive ser

258 onstrate an ancient history for the inflated calyx syndrome.

259 Direct recordings of the presynaptic calyx terminal AP waveform revealed that myelin loss doe

260 that Na+ channels are mostly absent from the calyx terminal but are instead highly concentrated in an

261 owed that exclusion of Na+ channels from the calyx terminal produces an action potential waveform wit

262 Voltage-clamp recordings from the calyx terminal revealed the expression of a resurgent Na

263 antal excitatory postsynaptic current in the calyx terminal that was causally modulated by cleft acid

264 nabinoids that activate CB1 receptors on the calyx terminal, which leads to a reduction of presynapti

265 pike-firing precision and reliability of the calyx terminal.

266 In addition, calyx terminals are morphologically diverse, which impac

267 hannel KCNQ5 (Kv7.5), KCNQ4 is also found at calyx terminals ensheathing type I vestibular hair cells

268 ave driven the proliferation of postsynaptic calyx terminals in the inner ear vestibular organs of co

269 fter about 2 weeks and are then contacted by calyx terminals of vestibular neurons.

270 aining, identified the alpha3-NKA isoform on calyx terminals.

271 basal taxon, the Odonata, possess a remnant calyx that may reflect the visual ecology of this group.

272 ls sparsely and are restricted mainly to the calyx, the alpha'-lobes, and the gamma-lobes.

273 ures are less prominent in the mushroom body calyx, the insect analog of the mammalian piriform corte

274 f KC somata and in restricted regions of the calyx, the neuropil of the MB.

275 were observed in the surface covered by the calyx, the number of spine aggregates, the size of acety

276 In the more mature calyx, there is a far smaller diffusional barrier attrib

277 The special adaptations that allow the calyx to drive its principal neuron even when frequencie

278 Accordingly, the increased ability of the calyx to faithfully fire during a high-frequency train a

279 hus, mGluRs may be expressed in the immature calyx to help limit glutamate release.

280 om the stem end of the fruit surrounding the calyx to the base of the fruit.

281 a second system of parallel fibers from the calyx to the gamma lobe.

282 air cells (VHC-I) are surrounded by a single calyx-type afferent terminal that receives input from se

283 el vesicles at many terminals, including the calyx-type nerve terminal, led to a well accepted "princ

284 synaptic ultrastructure and exocytosis in a calyx-type nerve terminal.

285 s) and slow (tens of seconds) endocytosis in calyx-type nerve terminals containing conventional activ

286 both rapid and slow endocytosis at the large calyx-type synapse in 7- to 10-d-old rats and mice, and

287 provides this missing piece of evidence at a calyx-type synapse.

288 id, bulk, and overshoot endocytosis at large calyx-type synapses, and for slow endocytosis and bulk e

289 docrine cells, pituitary nerve terminals and calyx-type synapses.

290 h full collapse and 'kiss-and-run' fusion at calyx-type synapses.

291 ure or cell type, but is present in afferent calyxes, vestibular ganglion neurons, and both type I an

292 By dialyzing 0-1 muM calcium into the calyx via a whole-cell pipette, we found that slow endoc

293 In all successful cases, the calyx was accurately punctured.

294 bular aggregates grew from days 5 to 16, the calyx was completely disrupted and the globular aggregat

295 with mutations in three residues lining the calyx were prepared: Scn-W79A/R81A and Scn-Y106F.

296 differences exist in the adult Drosophila MB calyx, where processing and integration of distinct type

297 eurons terminate in the collar region of the calyx, where they segregate into five layers that receiv

298 large hydrophobic cavity at the base of the calyx, whereas corresponding residues in NGAL restrict a

299 displays a typical lipocalin fold forming a calyx with a distinct binding pocket that is indicative

300 nses to taste compounds in the mushroom body calyx with calcium imaging reveals sparse, taste-specifi