ライフサイエンスコーパス: canopy

1 with leaf angle within layers or across the canopy.

2 ind speed and the formation of the deciduous canopy.

3 ry LAI increased concurrently with the upper canopy.

4 aboveground parts, possibly due to the open canopy.

5 ht gaps caused by seasonal variations of the canopy.

6 emporal overlap with the pest species in tea canopy.

7 unlit foliage are more abundant in the upper canopy.

8 strata: subterranean, ground, understory and canopy.

9 nly distributed within roots than within the canopy.

10 m of logging canals were located beneath the canopy.

11 ularly fern epiphytes that radiated into the canopy.

12 edict water and CO(2) fluxes from leaves and canopies.

13 storey before wildflowers are shaded by tree canopies.

14 esence of a gasket-like structure (forming a canopy above the collar filters).

15 in large part due to a historical absence of canopy access and suitable observational approaches.

16 ise the hypothesis that while the angiosperm canopy acted as a complex filter that restricted plant s

17 gh plenty of soil-derived C was available in canopy air for reassimilation by photosynthesis, no trac

18 larger extent under soil warming than under canopy air warming.

19 of vortical structures within and above the canopy along with key vegetation properties.

20 Small-scale disturbance of the plant canopy also had no effect on elevation trajectories-cont

21 vailability of natural resources at the tree canopies, An. cruzii primary habitat.

22 nalyses reveal that tall forests with closed canopies and low human pressure typical of natural condi

23 occur due to differential spreading of plant canopies and root systems.

24 or symptomatic fruit on the road side of the canopy and a higher incidence above 2 meters.

25 tions showed that Takanari clearly decreased canopy and air temperatures within the planetary boundar

26 to increased light transmission through the canopy and decreased snow albedo from deposition of ligh

27 he CZ lies between the top of the vegetation canopy and fresh, chemically unaltered bedrock and plays

28 , respectively, light penetration within the canopy and functional adjustments in whole-plant carbon

29 d by a lengthening of flowering duration for canopy and midstory trees.

30 t lineage cells, including interactions with canopy and reversal cells, are required to achieve coord

31 the magnitude and extent of edge effects on canopy and understorey epiphytic plants in the Brazilian

32 ight, size and number density; proportion of canopy and understory cover) simultaneously influence ra

33 The model did not perform as well for mid-canopy and understory leaves (R(2) = 0.27-0.29), because

34 vel carbon and water fluxes, as well as mean canopy and understory tree growth rates, tree size distr

35 ertically stratified: ant assemblages in the canopy and understory were twice as dark as assemblages

36 tool to track photosynthetic rates at leaf, canopy, and ecosystem scales.

37 Thus, we suggest that measuring canopy architecture and diffuse radiation will greatly i

38 of diffuse conditions or about the effect of canopy architecture are lacking.

39 provide in describing detailed, accurate 3D canopy architecture offers fascinating new insights into

40 h/dry matter content and its role in PPD and canopy architecture traits in cassava.

41 ) and cover crops characterized by different canopy architecture.

42 throughput phenotyping data of yield-related canopy architecture.

43 sugar transport is interrupted in fall when canopies are colder than roots and carbohydrate redistri

44 suggested that while both species used tall canopy areas more often than low canopy areas, spotted o

45 s used tall canopy areas more often than low canopy areas, spotted owls were more commonly found in a

46 ness of the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] canopy as determined by the Dark Green Color Index (DGCI

47 oot respiration can be decoupled from recent canopy assimilation and that stored carbohydrates can be

48 Invaded macroalgal canopies at nine coastal sites in the southwest UK were

49 ons, the isoprene concentrations in the near-canopy atmosphere over the plateau forest were 60% great

50 erogeneity in VOC concentrations in the near-canopy atmosphere was examined by sampling from an unman

51 availability and is fundamentally linked to canopy-atmosphere coupling.

52 nality, wind effects and the associated fire-canopy-atmosphere interactions while considering prescri

53 We applied the state-of-the-art FORest Canopy-Atmosphere Transfer canopy exchange model to inve

54 ke a first estimation of its contribution to canopy-atmosphere water exchange.

55 use of disturbed forest, they select certain canopy attributes within these forests, indicating that

56 hms reproduced observed mixing ratios in the canopy before and after the heatwave, the model underest

57 ng airborne imaging spectroscopy to estimate canopy beta-diversity for an extensive region of a Borne

58 ry plant communities is locally modulated by canopy buffering.

59 via an optimality-based approach, using net canopy C export (NCE, photosynthesis minus the C cost of

60 all canopy crossing points for a year (7,102 canopy camera nights), we confirmed bridge use by 25 mam

61 therto uncharacterized neuron they term the 'canopy' cell.

62 iously overlooked IN population (named here "canopy cells") representing 40% of L1 INs.

63 Conversely, "canopy-closing" may also explain dense canopies formed c

64 High spring irradiance before canopy closure accounted for 39-100% of species-level an

65 re likely to move in directions of increased canopy closure, tall trees, and uniform height, as well

66 vailability is the highest before overstorey canopy closure.

67 leaf senescence) relative to overstory tree canopy closure.

68 ctively as trees) grow in isolation, without canopy closure.

69 actors driving seasonal changes in evergreen canopy color and provide opportunities to monitor and mo

70 at winter-dormant sites, seasonal changes in canopy color can be used to predict the onset of canopy-

71 and a predictive model to simulate seasonal canopy color dynamics.

72 We show that seasonal changes in canopy color occur independently of new leaf production,

73 annual variation in the timing of changes in canopy color.

74 r stable isotope composition, was related to canopy condition across all species.

75 Here, we use estimates of canopy conductance and gross primary productivity (GPP)

76 ly explains how ecosystem-scale whole-forest canopy conductance at HSF maintained a similar response

77 ly correlated with associated changes in the canopy conductance to water vapor, photosynthetic photon

78 ach) spanning a range of impervious and tree canopy cover (0-100%, each) in a midsized city in the Up

79 We asked how tree canopy cover and impervious surface cover interact to in

80 mergence of the dragonfly community included canopy cover and slope, while aquatic factors included w

81 ver, where possible, to county-level average canopy cover can further remove pollution of SO(2), PM(1

82 Canopy cover decreased light resources, which increased

83 canopy cover, with the greatest cooling when canopy cover exceeded 40%.

84 The canopy cover increases from 0.1% (0.7 trees per hectare)

85 Although the overall canopy cover is low, the relatively high density of isol

86 es warming rates inside forests, but loss of canopy cover leads to increased local heat that exacerba

87 Increasing tree canopy cover reduces warming rates inside forests, but l

88 hilization rates is highest in forests where canopy cover was reduced, which suggests that the need f

89 ed in reduced tree density, height, and high canopy cover, and in increased DBH.

90 rature decreased nonlinearly with increasing canopy cover, with the greatest cooling when canopy cove

91 s than the cooling associated with increased canopy cover.

92 cetogens correlated with detrital volume and canopy coverage, and exhibited higher relative abundance

93 Monitoring all canopy crossing points for a year (7,102 canopy camera n

94 , which may act as a buffer against complete canopy death during prolonged drought in P. americana.

95 The low canopy decrease was driven by highly illuminated leaves

96 utants in the lab and in response to natural canopies depends on PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIF

97 g from premature leaf senescence and partial canopy dieback to whole-tree mortality reduce canopy lea

98 high vs low intensity fires and suggest that canopy-dominant laboratory fires may not accurately repr

99 growth from a mesic, low elevation stand of canopy-dominant Tsuga canadensis in north-eastern USA, w

100 eepest roots, which is necessary to maintain canopy during simulated dry seasons.

101 While most parrot species are tropical canopy dwellers, a subset has successfully colonized urb

102 Canopy-dwelling epiphytes in species-rich forests provid

103 nvolving non-human primates (NHP) and forest canopy-dwelling mosquitoes, mainly Haemagogus-spp and Sa

104 nd serve as spatial and temporal refugia for canopy-dwelling organisms, though this effect is tempora

105 tion, increasing from bottom to top of plant canopies, emerge as a plastic response to optimise N uti

106 ently estimating leaf age across forests and canopy environments is lacking.

107 mpling across diverse species, leaf ages and canopy environments.

108 d to complex behavior such as sun following, canopy escape, and plant twining.

109 of-the-art FORest Canopy-Atmosphere Transfer canopy exchange model to investigate the processes leadi

110 Leaf area low in the canopy exhibited behaviour consistent with water limitat

111 After controlling for topography, canopy foliar nutrient concentrations were lower in logg

112 The maps reveal that canopy foliar P and N concentrations decrease with eleva

113 nts to grow upward along others to reach the canopy for photosynthesis is hypothesized as a key innov

114 ower in open savannah compared to the closed-canopy forest environments, with some species experienci

115 ely, "canopy-closing" may also explain dense canopies formed close to the waterline, as they provide

116 a habitats, Undaria dominated over all other canopy formers due to low niche diversification and high

117 Canopy-forming kelps appeared most sensitive to warming

118 daria is coexisting or competing with native canopy-forming species across different habitat types.

119 In order to identify the role of canopy-forming species in belowground C dynamics, we con

120 ees, and uniform height, as well as avoiding canopy gaps and moving toward emergent crowns.

121 hanistic trait-based alternative to regulate canopy gas exchange in global models.

122 stressors, however, have reduced kelp forest canopies globally; converting once large and persistent

123 d to declines in remotely sensed mean annual canopy greenness (r(2) = 0.77-0.85; p < 0.1), controllin

124 Here, we sought to assess remotely sensed canopy greenness against steep soil nutrient gradients a

125 Thus, spatial gradients in canopy greenness are not necessarily positive indicators

126 Therefore, we described phenology with canopy greenness derived from digital repeat photography

127 Here we use 18-year time series of canopy greenness derived from satellite imagery (NDVI) t

128 ) = 0.65; p < 0.1), suggesting that tropical canopy greenness in Panama is predominantly limited by s

129 Using a novel remote sensing index of canopy greenness limitation, we assessed how observed gr

130 Genotypic variation in canopy greenness provides insights into the variation of

131 < 0.1), suggesting a feedback from soil N to canopy greenness to soil carbon storage.

132 urity group IV accessions was phenotyped for canopy greenness using DGCI in three environments.

133 egion-appears to have had a positive effect: canopy greenness within protected forests was more resil

134 based model to predict the seasonal cycle of canopy greenness, and we show that the model successfull

135 nses in soil moisture, soil respiration, and canopy greenness, as well as leaf water potential, growt

136 ferns, calling into question the role of the canopy habitat in fern evolution.

137 owth and because vascular epiphytes colonize canopy habitats after the formation of nonvascular epiph

138 zii populations collected at ground and tree-canopy habitats in the urban environment and higher gene

139 nal changes in the color of evergreen forest canopies have been documented with near-surface remote s

140 resolution airborne laser surveys to measure canopy height across 282,750 ha of old-growth and second

141 ent) and 2.1 times greater than models using canopy height alone.

142 re correlated with significant reductions in canopy height and leaf mass per area and increased folia

143 vertically structured LAI along axes of both canopy height and light environments.

144 mostly on MTA and only to a minor extent on canopy height and their interaction.

145 ults confirm the importance of incorporating canopy height in the formulation of aerodynamic conducta

146 riculture Imagery Program (NAIP) and a LiDAR canopy height model; and (3) develop a technique using L

147 One-meter canopy height models were constructed in a high-throughp

148 latform using NAIP imagery and LiDAR-derived canopy height models.

149 Mean leaf tilt angle (MTA) and canopy height were found to be the best predictors of th

150 res of airborne LiDAR measurements of top-of-canopy height with thousands of Planet Dove satellite im

151 nt showed shorter stems, wider leaves, lower canopy height, and a darker green color than the wild ty

152 that phytochemical diversity increased with canopy height, and higher levels of phytochemical divers

153 pared to (conventional) estimates using mean canopy height.

154 n, USA to explore the relative importance of canopy heterogeneity, vertical complexity of forest, and

155 odel were associated with extensive riparian canopy, high levels of organic carbon in soils, and subo

156 and needleleaf species, and upper- and lower-canopy (i.e. sun and shade) growth environments.

157 A "smart canopy" ideotype has been proposed with leaves being upr

158 tribution in sorghum according to the "smart canopy" ideotype.

159 tex streets in the lower layers of vegetated canopies, (ii) Kelvin-Helmholtz as well as attached eddi

160 e color and texture features of early-season canopy images.

161 The three-dimensional architecture of plant canopies imposes complex light dynamics, but the drivers

162 with greater leaf nitrogen dominating upper canopies in mixtures, rather than intraspecific shifts i

163 To understand the role of the canopy in structuring fern community diversity, we inves

164 water, and supplying it from the top of the canopy (in a direction facilitated by gravity), foliar u

165 turally complex environments comprising tall canopies, increased plant area index throughout the vert

166 This is because light absorption in tropical canopies is near maximal for the entire year, implying t

167 y in drought-induced leaf mortality across a canopy is caused by high interleaf variability in xylem

168 MI's midday overpass, a time when the forest canopy is most often light-saturated.

169 y being k(fu) and the proportion of time the canopy is wet.

170 creased during the dry season, whereas lower canopy LAI decreased.

171 Upper canopy LAI increased during the dry season, whereas lowe

172 We discovered that net leaf flushing of the canopy layer mainly occurs in early dry season, and is f

173 ies selected to establish a first protective canopy layer should, among other criteria, ideally have

174 The canopy layer urban heat island (UHI) effect, as manifest

175 d to the seasonal structural dynamics of the canopy layer.

176 In contrast, canopy vertical complexity (canopy layering and shape) did not affect movement.

177 anopy dieback to whole-tree mortality reduce canopy leaf area during the stress period and for a lagg

178 servation of individual organisms; long-term canopy-level monitoring at individual sites; automated p

179 py color can be used to predict the onset of canopy-level photosynthesis in spring, and its cessation

180 all, this greater understanding of leaf- and canopy-level photosynthetic traits provides a strong con

181 l changes in LAI have little impact on total canopy light absorption; and because leaf quality has a

182 Canopy light attenuation is primarily regulated by the l

183 programs, and linking movement properties to canopy light distributions and dynamic light fluctuation

184 on effect was not attributed to any improved canopy light interception but mainly to the increased ra

185 self-thinning, from phytoplankton to complex canopies, likely the consequence of simple physical laws

186 milation have used simplified models of crop canopies, limiting the accuracy of predictions.

187 We identified that seagrass canopy loss alone does not necessarily drive changes in

188 We found that canopy loss occurred across all major ecoregions of Texa

189 of 20-30% above pre-event levels, leading to canopy loss, reduced Normalized Difference Vegetation In

190 over wave exposure gradients suggested that canopy macroalgae allow species with ranges centred in c

191 Tree canopies may thus reduce the severity of warming impacts

192 that facilitated continued access to forest canopy may have complemented, rather than opposed, adapt

193 interactions with N-induced signals and with canopy measurement angles.

194 ed by urban tree species with the multilayer canopy model AIRTREE in two representative urban parks i

195 easurements of plant traits such as relative canopy moisture are providing early-warning signals that

196 numerous data sets covering a wide range of canopy morphology, densities, and rigidity.

197 Canopy/needle-derived emissions dominated in the laborat

198 net biodiversity effects on stem biomass and canopy nitrogen.

199 , and a suite of plant traits from the upper canopy of 15 tropical trees in two contrasting Panamania

200 s of light-demanding trees that dominate the canopy of central African forests are now aging.

201 o recognize a conserved motif buried under a canopy of glycans.

202 e petioles of leaves was observed across the canopy of plants that had experienced drought.

203 Two structural responses, "canopy-opening" and "below-ground-mass-depletion", gover

204 es and rough textures (e.g., jagged terrain, canopy outlines) that must be navigated to find food, es

205 ross watersheds and strongly related to tree canopy over streets, especially for phosphorus.

206 ucing chlorophyll content (Chl) can increase canopy photosynthesis in soybeans was tested using an ad

207 Achieving higher canopy photosynthesis rates is one of the keys to increa

208 Here, we show the response of canopy photosynthesis to different fractions of diffuse

209 cal quenching (NPQ) directly determine whole canopy photosynthesis, biomass and yield via prevention

210 ybeans was tested using an advanced model of canopy photosynthesis.

211 Changing canopy photosynthetic capacity (A(max)) was the primary

212 n accurately reproduce seasonal variation in canopy photosynthetic potential, and suggest that incorp

213 SSC) and delayed maturity (I(AD)) and upper canopy position advanced both mainly in the moderate cro

214 across a wide range of species, leaf age and canopy position from diverse biomes.

215 of preharvest factors such as crop load and canopy position on peach quality and maturity was evalua

216 isD, which was correlated with seed size and canopy position, but other life-history traits showed no

217 Lowland rice canopies presently consume a large amount of water, and

218 its are widely used to characterize leaf and canopy properties that drive ecosystem processes and to

219 ected for mammalian herbivores in any closed-canopy rainforest is -27.2 per mille.

220 Closed-canopy rainforests are important for climate (influencin

221 , median delta(13)C(diet) values from closed-canopy rainforests in Amazonia (-27.4 per mille) and equ

222 d greater levels of defoliation, dieback and canopy reduction.

223 ology, including climbing tall trees for her canopy research.

224 We use a multi-layer canopy-root-soil model to calculate the energy and entro

225 Canopy RTMs (PROSAIL and FLiES), driven by these three f

226 near relationship with photosynthesis at the canopy scale.

227 However, rarely have canopy-scale measurements been assessed against soil mea

228 ich is especially sensitive to NIR, captures canopy seasonal dynamics well.

229 We conclude that phototropic enhancement by canopy shade results from the combined activities of phy

230 In canopy shade, phytochrome photoreceptors perceive reduce

231 Therefore, the management of canopy should take into account the warming trends in vi

232 eaf fluorescence parameter to correlate with canopy SIF yield (SIF/APAR, R(2 ) = 0.79; P < 0.0001).

233 loroplast electron transport in leaves under canopy solar radiation was shown to be a major contribut

234 light and leaf wetting on photosynthesis in canopy species from a tropical montane cloud forest.

235 ic relationship between SIF retrieved from a canopy spectrometer system and GPP at a winter-dormant c

236 w leaf trait trade-offs enable divergence in canopy strategies.

237 with increased management intensity and more canopy structural diversity (e.g., amount of edge habita

238 logical processes suggest a critical role of canopy structural heterogeneity in seasonal changes in A

239 set of this spectrum, we assess gradients in canopy structural traits, characterise canopy structural

240 ts in canopy structural traits, characterise canopy structural types (CST) and evaluate drivers and f

241 luate drivers and functional consequences of canopy structural variation.

242 can arise from multiple, distinct effects on canopy structure and function that vary with edge age an

243 We derive CSTs from multivariate canopy structure data, illustrating variation along thre

244 Vegetation canopy structure is a fundamental characteristic of terr

245 ixtures, rather than intraspecific shifts in canopy structure or chemistry.

246 isturbance legacies can produce variation in canopy structure similar to that associated with sub-con

247 opies to classify ecosystems within a global canopy structure spectrum.

248 Leaf architecture directly influences canopy structure, consequentially affecting yield.

249 rest, which has little seasonal variation in canopy structure, needle chlorophyll content, and absorb

250 Optimal canopy structure, phenology and root water uptake, and t

251 is, stomatal and mesophyll conductances, and canopy structure.

252 hree-dimensional (3D) measurements of forest canopy structure.

253 However, the PV canopy structures over parking spaces potentially make s

254 Canopy temperature (CT) is an indirect measure of transp

255 The physiological data including canopy temperature (CT), SPAD chlorophyll content (SPAD)

256 ic resistance in the natural field and lower canopy temperature of Takanari than Koshihikari resulted

257 ributed soil texture, soil water content and canopy temperature) were used to examine hydraulic chara

258 Phenotypic trait data (canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, hyperspectral r

259 ious studies associated with canopy wilting, canopy temperature, water use efficiency, and other morp

260 ied during R5 likely due to relatively lower canopy temperatures and higher soil moisture, which unco

261 High-intensity heat waves, which resulted in canopy temperatures that exceeded optimal growth tempera

262 carbonate chemistry were greater in the kelp canopy than in the kelp benthos and in adjacent urchin b

263 erves and they foraged in safer parts of the canopy than willow tits in despotic groups.

264 Canopy-thinning allows macrophyte diversity to increase

265 e structural trait composition of vegetation canopies to classify ecosystems within a global canopy s

266 for a rendered mature Glycine max (soybean) canopy to review the relative importance of these delays

267 ree of drought-induced leaf death across the canopy, to test whether embolism formation in the xylem

268 s in conjunction with how climate influences canopy total leaf area.

269 We use canopy trait maps to assess how variable erosion rate wi

270 biogeochemical gradients and organisation of canopy traits across climatic and geochemical conditions

271 n catchments influence hillslope controls on canopy traits across Mt.

272 ncutting associated with greater turnover in canopy traits along hillslopes.

273 Seven mapped canopy traits revealed functional variation in a geospat

274 , inevitably, result in a lagged increase in canopy tree mortality, as is indeed widely observed, and

275 n, side of tree evaluated, height within the canopy, tree health, and tree age.

276 l and litterfall under four boreal mixedwood canopy types at the remote Experimental Lakes Area (ELA)

277 he simulations are conducted for these three canopies under two different conditions, where the fuel

278 unities to analyse the gradients of N in the canopy using N allocation coefficients (K N ) estimated

279 rn Sweden and quantified the contribution of canopy vegetation to soil CO(2) fluxes and belowground p

280 ents, we compared the temperatures under the canopy versus in the open at 98 sites across 5 continent

281 In contrast, canopy vertical complexity (canopy layering and shape) d

282 s the spatially averaged velocity within the canopy volume, and C(d) is a local drag coefficient per

283 els was detected in intact saplings when the canopy was bagged and stem water potential was close to

284 Bull kelp canopy was reduced by >90% along more than 350 km of coa

285 ests, and can simulate realistic patterns of canopy water potential and soil water dynamics at the st

286 of phytochemical diversity located near the canopy were characterised by tradeoffs between photoacti

287 Effects of canopy were limited at night; thus, reduction of impervi

288 middle (c) and upper (f) parts of the plant canopy were subjected to different levels of soil moistu

289 Structural attributes of the upper forest canopy were the dominant determinant of orangutan moveme

290 Using meteorological and canopy wetness data, coupled with empirically derived es

291 under optimal conditions let alone in forest canopy, which is physically and visually highly dynamic.

292 use, carbonate geology, and sparse riparian canopy, which suggested that reduced nitrogen inputs, pa

293 egions from previous studies associated with canopy wilting, canopy temperature, water use efficiency

294 tic depression could overcome enhancement in canopies with low light extinction coefficients and/or l

295 which connect their elevated photosynthetic canopies with the essential belowground activities of wa

296 n cleared in different degrees, leading to a canopy with almost no midstory, another with a sparse mi

297 and iWUE may translate into higher crop and canopy WUE.

298 ied at various berry developmental stages on canopy, yield, and free and glycoside-bound terpenes of

299 ted 1.9-fold more EC (299 +/- 45 mg EC m(-2) canopy yr(-1)) compared to live oak trees (160 +/- 31 mg

300 ed to live oak trees (160 +/- 31 mg EC m(-2) canopy yr(-1)).