ライフサイエンスコーパス: cause

1 altered innate immunity hypothesized to be a cause.

2 or were euthanized due to a possible cardiac cause.

3 ly known definitive genetic or environmental causes.

4 and limited data addressing risk factors for causes.

5 tility in sample-size distributions that can cause a nontrivial proportion of trials to assign more p

6 HS2ST1 variants cause a reduction in HS2ST1 mRNA and decreased or absent

7 ly, the data show that FDD and FBD mutations cause a reduction of BRI2 levels and function at synapse

8 traumatic injury, corneal wound healing can cause a scarring response that stiffens the tissue and i

9 Upon infection, paramyxoviruses cause a second type of membrane fusion, cell-cell fusion

10 CRK9 depletion also caused a loss of phosphorylation in RPB1, the largest su

11 itability during the first 2 postnatal weeks caused a premature differentiation of oligodendrocytes s

12 In addition, freeze-drying caused a relative loss of short chain fatty acids (SCFA)

13 coupling" scenario, the presence of effector causes a change in the DeltaH associated with substrate

14 failure, induced via myocardial infarction, causes a decrease of the cGMP levels generated by these

15 Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes a lifelong infection through establishment of lat

16 Stress causes a massive reorganization of the transcriptional p

17 at stimulation of VLPO glutamatergic neurons causes a strong increase in wakefulness.

18 insect-transmitted orthobunyavirus that can cause abortions and congenital malformations in the offs

19 in nuclear export stabilized substrates, and caused accumulation in the nucleus.

20 e common atmospheric pollutants and known to cause adverse health effects.

21 Persistent smoking may cause adverse outcomes among patients with cancer.

22 The prospect of EDCs causing adverse health effects in humans and wildlife ha

23 ace to solvent reduces protein stability and causes aggregation, even though the interface makes no d

24 infectious pathogens and source of allergens causing allergic conditions in animals and humans.

25 ith molecular and physiological changes that cause alterations in lung function, diminished pulmonary

26 ial for cytokinesis and viability of disease-causing amastigotes but not for flagellar membrane traff

27 tanding of the harm to health from lifestyle causes among the general population is low, with a poor

28 Size-scaled gene expression could cause an increasing ratio of activators to inhibitors wi

29 We found that sevoflurane caused an increase in neuronal activation in primary som

30 plasmanylethanolamine desaturase deficiency causes an accumulation of plasmanyl species, a too littl

31 ficantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

32 as more effective than TIV in preventing all-cause and P&I hospitalization from NHs during an A/H3N2

33 and shed light on the consistency, candidate causes, and potential functional corollaries of sex-bias

34 oiesis, decreased hemoglobin expression, and caused anemia.

35 des pose a significant threat to agriculture causing annual yield losses worth more than 100 billion

36 We consider failures due to internal causes at the nodal level and external failures due to a

37 s in the maternal and fetal compartments and causes behavioral changes in offspring.

38 hog (HH) signaling and aberrant HH signaling causes birth defects or cancers.

39 Parkinson's disease is caused by a loss of dopaminergic input from the substant

40 A single episode of febrile UTI is often caused by a virulent Escherichia coli strain, whereas re

41 The papaya diminutive phenotype is caused by an alteration in gene function rather than a l

42 nosis is a narrowing of coronary lumen space caused by an atherosclerotic lesion.

43 epair pathways of DNA interstrand crosslinks caused by an endogenous and alcohol-derived metabolite,

44 Thus, GLD may be caused by at least two mechanisms: psychosine-induced de

45 FXR seems to influence the degree of damage caused by atorvastatin depending on its interaction with

46 (MG) is a neuromuscular, autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies that target postsynaptic protei

47 It may be caused by bacteria in deep skin structures unsusceptible

48 f Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS), which is caused by bi-allelic variants in UBR1, notably by the pr

49 rome (BS) are disorders of DNA damage repair caused by biallelic disruption of the WRN or BLM DNA hel

50 okine storm associated with severe pneumonia caused by coronaviruses.

51 Respiratory illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and C. ulcerans, a

52 ory enhancing effect (behavioral tagging) is caused by dopaminergic and noradrenergic neuromodulation

53 Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought and salinity is a significant environm

54 IL-8 cytokines were quantified in keratitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

55 on of the N-module subunits due to attrition caused by its constant activity under physiological cond

56 l drugs against neglected parasitic diseases caused by kinetoplastids.

57 s in GPHYSD1 patients with this mutation are caused by loss of O-fucosylation on TSR3 and impaired AD

58 cterized by premature cardiovascular disease caused by markedly elevated levels of low-density lipopr

59 uxin levels suggest these irregularities are caused by misregulation of ABCB19-mediated auxin distrib

60 X-linked (IPEX) syndrome is a lethal disease caused by mutations in a transcription factor critical f

61 HVDAS is caused by mutations in activity-dependent neuroprotectiv

62 ilial forms of Alzheimer's disease (FAD) are caused by mutations in the gene encoding amyloid precurs

63 neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene Mecp2 Misexpression of t

64 This angiogenic switching appears to be caused by myeloid-derived suppressor cells recruited to

65 s appear less commonly in patients with WMS4 caused by pathogenic ADAMTS17 variants.

66 main (physical functioning, role limitations caused by physical health problems) remained statistical

67 Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum manifests in many organ-

68 d to be the result of undesired liver uptake caused by poor physicochemical properties.

69 and bone marrow microenvironment degradation caused by pre-transplantation radiation treatment.

70 Rabies, caused by rabies virus (RABV), is a fatal encephalitis i

71 n that the macromolecule is involved in ARDS caused by SARS-CoV-2.

72 (DILI) is a necro-inflammatory liver disease caused by several drugs commonly used in clinical practi

73 Lyme disease, caused by some Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, is the m

74 ges, such as varied sea surface temperatures caused by storms.

75 Here, we aimed to detect anomalies caused by technical errors in water-quality (turbidity a

76 n opportunistic infection of the oral mucosa caused by the commensal fungus Candida albicans IL-17R s

77 ings were convened to address the challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, review options for main

78 Retinal striae may be caused by the volume effect of the choroidal effusion.

79 terized by a specific encephalopathy that is caused by toxic accumulation of lysine degradation inter

80 rator to accurately account for overpressure caused by viscous flow.

81 delayed onset compared to the onset of those caused by WT EBV, although the tumors occurred at a simi

82 ng and remodelling of the blood vasculature, causing cancer cell hypoxia and death in distant avascul

83 ete destruction of the bacterial chromosome, causing cell death prior to completion of phage replicat

84 n in expression patterns of regulatory genes causing changes in anisotropic cell expansion and divisi

85 n kinase (BCR-Abl) is a driver oncogene that causes chronic myeloid leukemia and a subset of acute ly

86 Many of these variants cause complete loss of NHE6 expression, but how subtler

87 Mutations in NHE6 cause complex, slowly progressive neurodegeneration.

88 obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), may cause compromise of respiratory gas exchange during slee

89 Human actions are causing concurrent shifts in CO(2) , temperature, precip

90 D(+)-binding site or the ARM-TIR interaction caused constitutive activation of SARM1 and thereby led

91 nd correction (where possible) of underlying causes, correction of nutritional deficiencies, and the

92 have CTDs, and inactivation of Crkl in mice causes CTDs, thus implicating this gene as a modifier.

93 ed with significantly increased risk for all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio for moderate and seve

94 LPS can cause death as a result of septic shock, and its lipid A

95 to date reveals that CHIKV-ECSA strains can cause death in individuals from both risk and non-risk g

96 ssess effects on cardiovascular death or all-cause death or to characterise effects in clinically imp

97 rows even as the extreme pressures they face cause declining availability.

98 disrupt intermediary metabolic pathways and cause defective absorption and metabolism of dietary nut

99 KO in young mice, but not older adult mice, causes defects in muscle function, consistent with a pro

100 Since spironolactone causes degradation of xeroderma pigmentosum group B-comp

101 on when early ablation or overexpression can cause developmental defects or embryonic lethality.

102 uous chain of H-bonds that impart stability, causing difficulty in digestion for bottom-up measuremen

103 Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause disease in various human tissues and organs, inclu

104 the mechanism by which the UBQLN2 mutations cause disease remains unclear.

105 genes, and mechanisms by which variants can cause diseases or alter phenotypic traits.

106 hes multivalent, synergistic H3-tail binding causing distinct cellular localization and enhanced H3K9

107 Chemotherapy and irradiation cause DNA damage to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), lea

108 in cysteine string protein-alpha (CSPalpha) cause dominantly inherited adult-onset neuronal ceroid l

109 he underlying protein stability changes that cause dramatic cellular phenotypes observed at nonpermis

110 s thought to contribute to neuropathology by causing dysregulation of plasticity.

111 Extreme heat wave events are now causing ecosystem degradation across marine ecosystems.

112 MHV infection in mice provides an efficient cause-effect experimental model to understand the mechan

113 roductive phenotypic variation, although the cause-effect relationships are difficult to discern, cal

114 found that treating these cells with laminin causes endogenous agrin to localize to the cell surface,

115 evolved with bat immune systems will likely cause enhanced virulence following emergence into second

116 CHIKV causes explosive outbreaks but there are no approved the

117 A damage repair, and mutations in SMCHD1 can cause facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

118 Mutations of the ion pump alpha2-Na/K ATPase cause familial hemiplegic migraine, but the mechanisms b

119 cause of death worldwide and the number one cause for acquired long-term disability, resulting in a

120 9orf72 gene is the most common known genetic cause for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and fronto

121 Peri-implantitis is the leading cause for IR.

122 ated, leaving an epigenetic factor as a main cause for variability in this case.

123 identify and characterize these new disease-causing genes.

124 These exposures can not only cause genetic and epigenetic alterations in colorectal e

125 2/3 pulmonary hypertension patients and may cause harm.

126 in demonstrating that vaping of e-cigarettes causes health effects both similar to and disparate from

127 infect a large proportion of the population, causing high mortality.

128 e mechanism through which verubecestat might cause hippocampal (and other brain region) volume loss b

129 associated with lower risk of mortality, all-cause hospital admission, and intubation, but no signifi

130 E targets murine Darc through DR1 in vivo to cause host lethality.

131 (PAMI) syndrome is a novel genetic disorder, causing hypercalprotectinemia and hyperzincemia with inf

132 insulin receptor pathogenic variants, INSR) causes hyperglycemia without steatosis.

133 imulating the sympathetic nervous system and causing hypertension.

134 Each year in the United States, influenza causes illness in 9.2 to 35.6 million individuals and is

135 ponents of the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway cause immunodeficiency.

136 LRG1 deletion causes impaired immune cell infiltration, reepithelializ

137 c leukemia (ALL) are at risk for thrombosis, caused in part by the use of l-asparaginase (L-ASP).

138 om both cardiovascular and noncardiovascular causes in low-, middle-, and high-income countries.

139 secretion but impairs beta-cell function, 2) causes insulin resistance, and 3) reduces metabolic clea

140 s growth range from mild to severe, but many cause irreversible loss of viability.

141 We found that TOGARAM1 variants cause JBTS and disrupt TOGARAM1 interaction with ARMC9.

142 (KSHV) is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that causes Kaposi's sarcoma and other lymphoproliferative di

143 tection, so police raids and scams regularly cause large losses to marketplace participants.

144 t small changes in the activity of PTP1B can cause large shifts in the phosphorylation states of its

145 arcinogenic, and rhodamine B was reported to cause local sarcomas.

146 e level of evidence for 17 genes reported to cause LQTS.

147 The Delta3A virus caused lymphomas with delayed onset compared to the onse

148 ions in the galactosidase beta 1 (GLB1) gene cause lysosomal beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) deficiency

149 Though neglected, these parasites can cause major pathology and mortality to livestock leading

150 Unfortunately, RAR causes many problems, including (1) bias from temporal t

151 Treatment with Tat-A and Tat-B caused membrane disruption and pore formation in HeLa an

152 ePVAC develops signs of exudation over time, causing metamorphopsia and visual decline and therefore

153 e propose that mutations in centrosome genes cause microcephaly by delaying mitosis and pathologicall

154 Interhomolog polymorphism causes mismatches in recombining molecules, which can be

155 patial scales, such that higher growth rates cause more localized competition.

156 lobal public health problem that has already caused more than 662,000 deaths worldwide.

157 demonstrated a significant reduction in all-cause mortality (ACM) risk with fluticasone furoate/umec

158 ls, PN was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.49 [CI, 1.15 to 1.

159 atio [HR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.72-0.92]) and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.75-0.92]), whereas

160 ios for coronary heart disease, CVD, and all-cause mortality according to categories of BMI and CAC.

161 patients with T2MI had higher long-term all-cause mortality after adjustment for age and sex, driven

162 nship between handgun ownership and both all-cause mortality and suicide (by firearm and by other met

163 d 2-year rates of HF hospitalization and all-cause mortality compared with GDMT alone.

164 ker dependency at 30 days and 1 year and all-cause mortality during follow-up were evaluated.

165 in/tazobactam for both endpoints: day 28 all-cause mortality was 15.9% with imipenem/cilastatin/releb

166 xgenotype interaction predicting time to all-cause mortality, adjusted for Meta-Analysis Global Group

167 The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was cause-spe

168 ge) and sex and the composite outcome of all-cause mortality, LV assist device implantation, or heart

169 ne or antioxidants was seen with CVD and all-cause mortality.

170 ted accumulation of chronic diseases and all-cause mortality.

171 .84%) for the background population; and all-cause mortality: 10.88% (95% CI: 10.23% to 11.55%) for s

172 e interval: 0.68 to 0.88; p < 0.001) and all-cause-mortality (7.6% vs. 9.7%; adjusted hazard ratio: 0

173 in 886 index cases of PID found that disease-causing mutations in known genes that are implicated in

174 utation is one of the most prevalent disease-causing mutations, making it possible to obtain pre-symp

175 iated with 25.0-37.5% of deaths from medical causes (n = 8).

176 Neurofibrillary tangles likely cause neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

177 ort bi-allelic pathogenic HPDL variants as a cause of a progressive, pediatric-onset spastic movement

178 Noroviruses are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis.

179 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in you

180 The most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontot

181 e inhibitors that disable the most prevalent cause of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria

182 Pneumonia is the leading cause of antibiotic use and hospitalization in Vietnam.

183 syndrome (FXS), the most common monogenetic cause of ASD, has emerged as a powerful gateway for expl

184 er is the most common cancer, and the second cause of cancer-related deaths (after lung cancer) among

185 AE) is the leading preventable developmental cause of cognitive dysfunction.

186 A major cause of damage is local inflammatory responses, which m

187 (aHR, 0.58; P = 0.001) and donor with anoxic cause of death (aHR, 0.51; P = 0.007) were associated wi

188 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, requiring

189 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death globally, and drug-resistant TB strains p

190 terial cardiovascular events are the leading cause of death in patients with JAK2V617F myeloprolifera

191 The major cause of death in prostate cancer patients can be attrib

192 Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, who have a notable increase in

193 Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disabili

194 However, stroke remains the second leading cause of death worldwide and the number one cause for ac

195 Suicide is a leading cause of death.

196 ere gastrointestinal disease that is a major cause of diarrhea-associated mortality in humans.

197 Severe trauma is the first cause of disability-adjusted life years worldwide, yet m

198 ading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disability.

199 alactam (BL) antibiotics are the most common cause of drug hypersensitivity.

200 itophagy and mutations in Parkin are a major cause of early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD).

201 ORTANCE Enteric viral infections are a major cause of gastroenteritis worldwide and have the potentia

202 It is considered a major cause of health loss, but data for the global burden of

203 ates of cardiomyopathies, which are a common cause of heart failure in young people, have increased d

204 zome as an ideal food material to manage the cause of hyperglycemia and resultant oxidative stress.

205 of efficient early diagnosis is an important cause of its high mortality.

206 Chronic HBV infection is a major cause of liver disease and cancer worldwide.

207 Right ventricular failure (RVF) is a cause of major morbidity and mortality after left ventri

208 lmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in lung transplant reci

209 Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.

210 Excessive alcohol use is the third leading cause of mortality in the United States, where alcohol u

211 Chronic ethanol consumption is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with higher risks to devel

212 Here, we report a cause of NKD resulting from compound heterozygous mutati

213 ealth problem worldwide and is the principal cause of parenterally transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis

214 int defect population explains a common root cause of performance losses.

215 Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of pneumonia.

216 From fundus photography grading, the cause of poor vision appeared to be macular atrophy in 6

217 The most frequent cause of portal hypertension is cirrhosis.

218 ssible to MNV infection, suggesting that the cause of resistance lies in the entry step of MNV infect

219 omyopathy (HCM) is an uncommon but important cause of sudden cardiac death.

220 n patients and relatives, and is the leading cause of the global burden from skin disease.

221 tions providing important insights about the cause of these diseases, which can help accelerate new p

222 rs that are likely to be contributing to the cause of this syndrome and consider how they might be mo

223 tees believes that myopia is a high-priority cause of visual impairment, warranting a timely evaluati

224 high index of suspicion for other important causes of ACS.

225 elop mechanistic treatments directed at root causes of AF.

226 tera venom allergy ranks among the top three causes of anaphylaxis worldwide, and approximately one-q

227 enocarcinoma (OAC) is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths.

228 However, the causes of evolutionary constraint have remained elusive

229 Extensive investigations for possible causes of exudative retinal detachment were performed wi

230 In this review we discuss the potential causes of inflammaging, the cellular source of the infla

231 ding a locally relevant understanding of the causes of mangrove loss.

232 als vary in their vulnerability to different causes of mortality due to traits, life history stages,

233 Stroke remains one of the leading causes of permanent disability and death worldwide.

234 We propose that to understand causes of sex-biased mortalities, more complex analyses

235 acterial infection from other, noninfectious causes of systemic inflammatory illness.

236 The causes of this major deficiency and consequences thereof

237 Bordetella pertussis is among the leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths and morbidity globa

238 Viral infection can cause organ dysfunction, but its role in placentally rel

239 Recent studies show hyperactivation of Nrf2 causes osteopenia in Keap1(-/-) mice, and Keap1(-/-) ost

240 airway narrowing disrupting ventilation, and causing oxyhemoglobin desaturation and poor sleep qualit

241 ple, we applied this approach to the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum, an organism that

242 nd CHCHD10 (C10) were recently identified as causing Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral scle

243 The rate of deaths from cardiovascular causes per 100 patient-years was 2.2 with sotagliflozin

244 re diabetes-like phenotypes without markedly causing peripheral insulin resistance.

245 of observed cases to expected cases for all-cause pneumonia was 0.92 (95% CI 0.70-1.36) for children

246 Although numerous different obstacles cause Pol II stalling or arrest, the cell somehow distin

247 n developed countries where air pollution is caused predominantly by vehicle traffic.

248 r117HisfsTer10) in F3, the gene encoding TF, causing premature termination of TF (TFshort) in a woman

249 ICH induction in male mice caused profound HN loss in the affected hemisphere.

250 ptor (D1R) and dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) and cause psychotic-like features in mice.

251 This process causes rapid Y/W degeneration and simultaneous evolution

252 the Coronaviridae family of viruses that can cause respiratory infections of varying severity.

253 PE caused robust vasoconstriction in resting skeletal muscl

254 Ca(2+) dysregulation is thought to cause rod and cone photoreceptor cell death.

255 iced fah1-2 background mutation, which could cause salicylic acid- and EDS5-independent mutant phenot

256 subtype H1N1 influenza A viruses (IAVs) have caused seasonal epidemics since 1977.

257 Disease-causing sequence variants often affect binding residues.

258 Neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction cause serious infections and inflammatory bowel disease

259 Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have caused serious outbreaks and epidemics in the past eight

260 Despite its relevance as a disease-causing serotype, the associated capsular polysaccharide

261 undant Kindlin-2 and deleting its expression causes severe diabetes-like phenotypes without markedly

262 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes severe disability and death of young men because

263 genitor cells in naturally aged mice without causing severe thrombocytopenia.

264 Bacteria of the genus Shigella cause shigellosis, a severe gastrointestinal disease tha

265 gate the endothelial cell phenotype (s) that causes Shock-Induced Endotheliopathy in trauma.

266 d abnormalities in its structure or function cause sick sinus syndrome, the most common reason for el

267 rvest use of glyphosate-based herbicides can cause significant differences in wheat protein chemistry

268 nosuppression regimens and allograft failure cause significant morbidity and mortality.

269 However, in some patients SRL may cause significant proteinuria.

270 ,6-dichlorophenyl)ethenyl]-1H-pyrazole 2l 1) caused significant effects on the cell cycle in PC3 cell

271 to the CDKL5 promoter using three guide RNAs causes significant reactivation of the inactive allele i

272 tween the two strategies, the local strategy causes significantly fewer person-days of closure, even

273 radiotracer in the urinary bladder which may cause some lesions in its vicinity to be obscured.

274 use mortality, and the secondary outcome was cause-specific mortality.

275 eltaCa (i) variant in phloem companion cells caused strongly reduced rosette growth in the absence of

276 Energetic collisions with background gas can cause structural changes ranging from unfolding to subun

277 remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) causes structural and functional changes in the heart le

278 he availability of food in each nest changed causing sub-colonies to change their inter-nest connecti

279 h quantitative RT-PCR, we found that feeding causes substantial and transient changes in gene express

280 irs suggests that either different pathogens cause the same gross lesions in different species or tha

281 Among co-pigment sources, SCSE caused the highest stabilities of anthocyanins, hyperchr

282 Loss of KBTBD2 in all tissues causes the teeny phenotype, characterized by insulin res

283 In addition to causing the pandemic influenza outbreaks of 1918 and 200

284 are intensely released into the bloodstream, causing the so-called "cytokine storm".

285 end-stage renal disease, or death from renal causes), the individual components of this composite, an

286 Type I IFN signaling caused tight junction dysregulation in IECs, promoted gu

287 d with Alzheimer's disease and is assumed to cause toxicity by its interaction with the neuron membra

288 ether, our data imply that Col6a2 deficiency causes trabecular bone loss by enhancing osteoclast diff

289 Genetic perturbations causing uncharged transfer RNA (tRNA) accumulation activ

290 It causes undesirable organoleptic, nutritional and colour

291 se strong alpha-amylase inhibition generally causes undesired side effects.

292 Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes unrelenting, progressive cognitive impairments, b

293 oxidase 2 (NOX2) generated oxidative injury causes upregulation of a constitutively active form of a

294 the use of agents like luciferin, which can cause variability due to changing bioavailability, it ca

295 We monitor F508del-CFTR, the most common CF-causing variant, and confirm rescue by low temperature,

296 eceptor-group of hand-foot-and-mouth disease causing viruses, which includes CV-A10.

297 erative diseases that share a common genetic cause, which is an expansion of CAG repeats in the codin

298 cause of the introduced fungal pathogen that causes white-nose syndrome (WNS), survival of the specie

299 Global climate and land use change are causing woody plant encroachment in arctic, alpine, and

300 hosts of viruses that have the potential to cause zoonotic infections in humans.