ライフサイエンスコーパス: cell wall

1 s the core structural motif of the bacterial cell wall.

2 proteins is their outermost compartment, the cell wall.

3 polymerization and crosslinking to build the cell wall.

4 a originates in pigment molecules within the cell wall.

5 ning the final architecture of the bacterial cell wall.

6 lanes preferentially stacked parallel to the cell wall.

7 ge NPs that cannot translocate the bacterial cell wall.

8 ed cellulose microfibril organization in the cell wall.

9 te NMR to characterize the sorghum secondary cell wall.

10 sible for covalently linking adhesins to the cell wall.

11 5 cm(-1)), and significant thickening of the cell wall.

12 y the rigid net of peptidoglycan forming the cell wall.

13 bacteria are determined by the peptidoglycan cell wall.

14 m with an S-layer covering its peptidoglycan cell wall.

15 nonreducing ends of acceptor glycans in the cell wall.

16 WTA and LTA, mediating its retention on the cell wall.

17 larger than the size exclusion limit of the cell wall.

18 ls, as well as other cells with a degradable cell wall.

19 cells are surrounded by a peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall.

20 synthesis of flavonoid, phenylpropanoids and cell wall.

21 arides and lipopolysaccharides linked to the cell wall.

22 ell wall enzymes cooperate to build a mature cell wall.

23 m cellulose and epicuticular wax crystals in cell walls.

24 identify the determinants that define grass cell walls.

25 ring cellulose microfibrils in growing plant cell walls.

26 n of heteroxylan and mixed linkage glucan in cell walls.

27 ritical for the strength and growth of plant cell walls.

28 icles generated from Mycobacterium abscessus cell walls.

29 on led to slightly longer fibers and thinner cell walls.

30 terrogate the informational content of plant cell walls.

31 ry thickening (lignification) of their outer cell walls.

32 of wood components resulted in cracks in the cell walls.

33 ix and magnetically hard [Formula: see text] cell walls.

34 of twisting of microfibrils in plant primary cell walls.

35 that can play distinct roles in legume root cell walls.

36 icrometric scale concentrated in the papyrus cell walls.

37 -16), lack of mRNA polyadenylation and thick cell walls(17).

38 n systems to transport proteins across their cell wall, a process that plays an important role during

39 EM studies revealed that MN58b distorted the cell wall, a result consistent with the apparent teichoi

40 cells; frequency of plasmodesmata in the MS cell walls adjoining the parenchymatous bundle sheath; a

41 dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin in the conidial cell wall amplified the epithelial transmigration of neu

42 Cell wall analyses of inflorescence stems revealed chang

43 These genes included cell wall-anchored adhesins (ebh, sdrD), polysaccharide

44 This process is facilitated by cell wall-anchored adhesins that bind to host ligands.

45 provides a more realistic description of the cell wall and allows investigation of the relation betwe

46 ansion, as well as the synthesis of protein, cell wall and cell membrane components required for cell

47 mpD, AmpDh2, and AmpDh3, which turn over the cell wall and cell wall-derived muropeptides.

48 d substrates from the plasma membrane to the cell wall and discriminate between plasma membrane-resid

49 e isolated an 11 kDa protein of the parasite cell wall and identified it as a glycine-rich protein (G

50 oncellulosic polysaccharide transport to the cell wall and increasing the enzyme activity of Suc synt

51 melanin pigments that are deposited into the cell wall and interfere with the host immune response.

52 PG) is a critical component of the bacterial cell wall and is composed of a repeating beta-1,4-linked

53 tory pathways that control metabolism of the cell wall and surface lipids in M. tuberculosis during g

54 ifier, used to promote the swelling of algae cell wall and the formation of a large oil - ethanol int

55 ia with toxins that disrupt lipid membranes, cell walls and actin cytoskeletons.

56 view, we describe the architectures of plant cell walls and recent progress in overcoming recalcitran

57 valent cellulose-xyloglucan bonding in plant cell walls and showed that CXE and MXE action was up to

58 emical composition and structure of both the cell walls and the phytolith structures.

59 Analyses of cell size, cell walls and transcripts reveal barley COM1 regulates

60 nds to NO stress by strengthening the fungal cell wall, and by causing over-accumulation of methylgly

61 membrane depolarization, destruction of the cell wall, and eventually growth inhibition of E. coli K

62 ys confirm DslA specificity for deacetylated cell wall, and usage of two glutamate residues for catal

63 These PRPs are absent from root epidermal cell walls, and PRP accumulation is highly localized wit

64 h shows that PrgA protrudes far out from the cell wall (approximately 40 nm), where it presents a pro

65 of the SCAR/WAVE complex, controls the root cell wall architecture important for pathogenic oomycete

66 Understanding secondary cell wall architecture is key to understanding recalcitr

67 We propose a model of sorghum cell wall architecture which is dominated by interaction

68 This mutant also displayed defects of the cell wall architecture, suggesting GPI7 is required for

69 the peptidoglycan component of the bacterial cell wall are the targets of beta-lactams, the most clin

70 Plant cell walls are dynamic structures that are synthesized b

71 c niches where plant and/or algal cellulosic cell walls are present.

72 Cell wall assembly requires harmonized deposition of cel

73 During cell wall assembly, a lipid-linked disaccharide-peptide

74 Plant cell wall-associated polygalacturonase-inhibiting protei

75 o Adh1 in yeast and Adh2 in hyphae among the cell wall-associated proteins.

76 brata harbors a large family of more than 20 cell wall-attached epithelial adhesins (Epas).

77 afiltration at the roots aided by apoplastic cell wall barriers to thrive in saline conditions.

78 proteins from anaerobic origin or those with cell wall binding profiles.

79 resolution microscopy revealed strong fungal cell wall binding, penetration of the cell membrane at d

80 development of new antibiotics that disrupt cell wall biogenesis, a process essential to the surviva

81 rchitecture, suggesting GPI7 is required for cell wall biogenesis.

82 isome proteins, the cornerstone to bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and division.

83 osynthetic and transport processes including cell wall biosynthesis and gene regulation.

84 rstanding of the pathways that contribute to cell wall biosynthesis and how these pathways are regula

85 The regulatory aspects of cell wall biosynthesis are largely overlapping with thos

86 sophaentins leads to inhibition of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by disassembly of key divisome pr

87 ultigenic genes provides a rare glimpse into cell wall biosynthesis in algae.

88 acceptors will dramatically accelerate plant cell wall biosynthesis research.

89 ysis, membrane depolarization, inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis, and ClpP protease dysregulation.

90 NUT1 downstream target genes function in cell wall biosynthesis, apoptosis, and maintenance of xy

91 gether, PSL1 functions as a PG that modifies cell wall biosynthesis, plant development and drought to

92 identification and characterization of plant cell wall biosynthetic glycosyltransferases (GTs).

93 Conversely, the main cell wall bound phenolics (228.8 ug/g dw) were catechin,

94 GPI-CWPs are specifically sorted toward the cell wall by using GPI-core glycan modifications.

95 Primary cell wall cellulose is synthesized by the cellulose synt

96 karyotic microorganisms that have structural cell wall cellulose, suggesting expansins evolved in anc

97 Several lines of evidence suggest that cell wall changes and associated berry softening are the

98 concentration of phosphates at the bacterial cell wall compared to other bacteria, revealing the grea

99 Cellulose is an essential plant cell wall component and represents the most abundant bio

100 Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a cell wall component of both Gram-positive and Gram-negat

101 e plant tissue, probably by remodelling of a cell wall component or altering the barrier properties o

102 was restored upon loss of the mycobacterial cell wall component phthiocerol dimycocerosate.

103 about the biological importance of specific cell wall components in the response.

104 cell wall polysaccharides, more so of minor cell wall components that are especially challenging to

105 test the interactions of LL-37 and bacterial cell wall components we crystallized LL-37 in the presen

106 s considerable interest in engineering plant cell wall components, particularly lignin, to improve fo

107 us strains containing deletions of genes for cell wall components, we identified that deletion of the

108 ges the composition of all major C. albicans cell wall components.

109 The structural complexity of plant cell-wall components also provides substrates for polyme

110 system recognizes chitin as one of the major cell-wall components of invading fungi, but C. neoforman

111 Fruit firmness, cell wall composition and enzyme activity of three apric

112 Ripening-associated modifications in cell wall composition and structure of fruits play an im

113 cortical cell wall morphology and secondary cell wall composition are suggested to contribute to the

114 The metabolic changes during storage and cell wall composition could influence the susceptibility

115 Significant modifications to cell wall composition in the psl1 mutant compared with t

116 Cell wall composition was analysed by glycome profiling

117 Overall, our results indicate that cell-wall composition and molecular architecture are cri

118 tly, melanization is modulated by changes in cell-wall composition or ultrastructure.

119 Growing plants with modified cell wall compositions is a promising strategy to improv

120 induced pyelonephritis but whether bacterial cell wall constituents inhibit HCO(3) transport in the o

121 es as key intermediaries for energy storage, cell wall constituents, or also fuel for organisms.

122 However, cell walls contain fractions of varying solubilities, an

123 Using nanoimaging, we show that the cell wall contains pectin nanofilaments that possess an

124 Bacteria with these non-canonical cell-wall cross-links achieve a high optical density in

125 generated a bacterium where up to 31% of the cell-wall cross-links are formed by a non-enzymatic reac

126 on of the turnover chemistry of Pgp3 reveals cell wall D,D-endopeptidase and D,D-carboxypeptidase act

127 Plants sense this cell wall damage as a mark of infection and induce immun

128 We observed cell wall damage induced by bedaquiline and moxifloxacin

129 bolites, metabolism of simple sugars, fungal cell wall deconstruction, biofilm formation, antimicrobi

130 ion genes, which may reflect the substantial cell wall defects in the psd1Delta/Delta psd2Delta/Delta

131 nctions ascribed to QseBC may originate from cell wall defects.

132 h the Rod complex or to independently repair cell-wall defects.

133 mune responses, including callose-associated cell wall defenses that are under control by abscisic ac

134 n sorghum and maize MAE extracts, indicating cell wall degradation occurred during MAE.

135 erial pathogen) or lipaseA/esterase (LipA; a cell wall-degrading enzyme of X. oryzae pv oryzae).

136 -1 in the regulation of genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and nutrient scavenging and

137 deling associated with induction of multiple cell wall-degrading enzymes, a process which renders the

138 actin organization, vesicle trafficking and cell wall deposition, bearing consequences in pollen-sti

139 During distinct modes of polarized cell wall deposition, such as in the tip growth that occ

140 Cell wall-derived ferulate esters were detected in sorgh

141 and cello-oligosaccharides, as well as plant cell wall-derived hemicellulosic polysaccharides, and ca

142 nd AmpDh3, which turn over the cell wall and cell wall-derived muropeptides.

143 auxin transportation (e.g., PIN-FORMED1) and cell wall development (i.e., CELLULOSE SYNTHASE1) and ex

144 elix 30 interferes with the integrity of the cell wall, disrupts cell division, cell separation, and

145 The identity of the cell wall-editing enzymes involved was found to vary acr

146 Here, we examine cell wall elasticity to understand how it contributes to

147 le and provide the molecular basis for plant cell wall engineering.

148 at deepen our understanding of how bacterial cell wall enzymes cooperate to build a mature cell wall.

149 importance of the other seemingly redundant cell wall enzymes.

150 ll growth involves a complex interplay among cell-wall expansion, biosynthesis, and, in specific tiss

151 Grasses have numerous cell wall features that are distinct from eudicots and o

152 omplexes of globular starch granules-protein-cell wall fiber formed at HHP <= 450 MPa.

153 ests that long arabinan side-chains maintain cell wall flexibility in water deficit.

154 f lignin biosynthesis genes during secondary cell wall formation in P. deltoides.

155 illustrates the diversity in plant secondary cell wall formation that abounds in nature and casts lea

156 rol to cell recognition, energy storage, and cell wall formation.

157 chored proteins and those transferred to the cell wall (GPI-CWP).

158 PG biosynthesis is tightly coordinated with cell wall growth and turnover, and many of these control

159 id or D-alanine metabolic probes showed that cell wall growth is enhanced at both sidewall curvature

160 Cell wall growth is facilitated by peptidoglycan synthas

161 mination or by simply remodeling the dormant cell wall has been the subject of much debate.

162 lose crystallites normal to the plane of the cell wall has not been characterized.

163 Grass cell walls have hydroxycinnamic acids attached to arabin

164 ivers of hyperinflammation induced by fungal cell walls in CGD are still incompletely defined.

165 f intracellular composition and integrity of cell walls in modulating the release and bioaccessibilit

166 in the biomechanical integrity of secondary cell walls in tension and compression and has significan

167 ommon lipid anchor for key components of the cell wall, including the glycolipids phosphatidylinosito

168 nt or altering the barrier properties of the cell wall inducing a plant defence response, which resul

169 gains functions when hardened, for example, cell walls, insect scales, and diatom tests.

170 thickness that indirectly affects metaxylem cell wall integrity and function in the mutant.

171 e data highlight the importance of pectin in cell wall integrity and the value of lignin modification

172 ignin plays an important role in maintaining cell wall integrity of xylem vessels, physiological and

173 lysis showed that heating disrupted the bean cell wall integrity, protein matrix and starch granules

174 As this pathway is critical for fungal cell wall integrity, the hexosamine biosynthesis enzymes

175 nutritional information encoded in the plant cell wall into a regulatory hierarchy for optimal utiliz

176 The plant cell wall is a particularly challenging barrier for the

177 otrusions induces local tension, and how the cell wall is adapted to perform actuation surrounding le

178 A peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall is an essential component of nearly all bacter

179 namic changes and rearrangement of the plant cell wall is an important response to salt stress, but r

180 The peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall is the primary determinant of cell shape.

181 The cell wall is the primary interface between plant cells a

182 ch as inorganic ions, within secondary plant cell walls is central to many biomass applications.

183 mponent of arthropod exoskeletons and fungal cell walls, is endogenously produced by fishes and amphi

184 nt stress response regulators, including the cell wall kinase Yck2 and trehalose synthases.

185 a cuticle but are covered with a pectin-rich cell wall layer.

186 Intriguingly, the number of secondary cell wall layers compared with the wild type was increas

187 iffusing through loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) cell wall layers under 70%, 75%, or 80% relative humidit

188 Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a cell wall-less bacterial pathogen of the conducting airw

189 in CGD mice in the early response to fungal cell walls, likely by a dysregulated feed-forward loop i

190 The PSL1 gene encodes a cell wall-localised polygalacturonase (PG), a pectin-deg

191 LACCASEs, a family of cell wall-localized multicopper oxidases, are involved i

192 Expansins comprise a superfamily of plant cell wall loosening proteins that can be divided into fo

193 state requires the activities of a family of cell-wall lytic enzymes called resuscitation-promoting f

194 , commercial MOS is being derived from yeast cell wall mannan and is widely used as prebiotic in feed

195 ll membrane to complete integration into the cell wall matrix.

196 , pollen wall is a specialized extracellular cell-wall matrix surrounding male gametophytes and acts

197 mination responses through modulation of its cell wall mechanical properties.

198 signal localized intracellularly and at the cell wall-membrane interface, implying the presence of r

199 In this work, cell wall metabolism was studied in fruits from nine oli

200 d cell wall metabolite measurement implicate cell wall metabolism/integrity in betaCA3-mediated basal

201 Global transcriptome analysis and cell wall metabolite measurement implicate cell wall met

202 Current cell-wall models assume no covalent bonding between cell

203 watery saliva that could be involved in seed cell wall modification, thus triggering plant defenses a

204 rs and transducers, carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall modifications and the hormone-signaling pathwa

205 Casparian strips (CSs) are cell wall modifications of vascular plants restricting e

206 However, their contribution to cell-wall-modifying complexes and their potential as ant

207 assays reveal that RALF4 binds LLGs and LRX cell-wall modules with drastically different binding aff

208 is pathway is the export of the lipid-linked cell wall monomer, Lipid II, by its transporter MurJ.

209 Changes in cortical cell wall morphology and secondary cell wall composition

210 e structural and functional integrity of the cell wall needs to be constantly monitored and fine-tune

211 ment by mechanical feedback within the inner cell walls, not the outer epidermal wall, in guiding org

212 troducing non-canonical cross-links into the cell wall of Escherichia coli, we generated a bacterium

213 Several virulence lipids populate the outer cell wall of pathogenic mycobacteria.

214 promoted by SvBAHD05 acyltransferase in the cell wall of the model grass S. viridis.

215 characterized one of these BAHD genes in the cell wall of the model grass Setaria viridis.

216 XyG) is an abundant component of the primary cell walls of most plants.

217 ystalline structures of cellulose in primary cell walls of onion (Allium cepa), the model eudicot Ara

218 This structure is embedded in the cell walls of the epicarp and underlaid with a dark laye

219 lic biopolymer found mainly in the secondary cell walls of vascular plants, where it contributes to m

220 ucleotide donors to selected synthetic plant cell wall oligosaccharides on the array and that the tra

221 d in cuticle formation, drought response and cell wall organization, were also identified.

222 morphological defects and partially rescued cell wall organization.

223 e structure of the protein bodies and of the cell wall organization.

224 Thus, the plant cell wall, outside of the cell itself, is an active part

225 Native yeast and yeast cell wall particles (YCWPs) were used as model cell-base

226 AmpDh3 hydrolyzes the cell wall peptidoglycan of the prey bacterium, which lea

227 se required for d-alanine incorporation into cell wall peptidoglycan.

228 mpositional and structural factors governing cell-wall pigment deposition in C. neoformans and C. gat

229 ia possess enzymes that modify the essential cell-wall polymer peptidoglycan by O-acetylation.

230 ) are glycoproteins that interact with other cell wall polymers to influence plant growth and develop

231 in preferential loss of neutral sugars from cell wall polymers.

232 Plant cell wall polysaccharide analysis encompasses the utiliz

233 ges that do not directly reflect cereal root cell wall polysaccharide structures.

234 sts to overcome a greater diversity of plant cell wall polysaccharides and maximize access to the nut

235 during plant cytokinesis, newly synthesized cell wall polysaccharides are deposited in a restricted

236 to have a high content of genes involved in cell wall polysaccharides decomposition but low expressi

237 root exudate polysaccharides, distinct from cell wall polysaccharides, are adhesive factors secreted

238 te NMR structure analysis of insoluble plant cell wall polysaccharides, more so of minor cell wall co

239 pend on the ability to synthesize and modify cell wall polysaccharides.

240 the sequential release of HTG products from cell walls pre-labeled with substrate mimics.

241 (phytoliths) to silicified and nonsilicified cell walls prepared as a flat block of epoxy-embedded aw

242 We also show that sorghum secondary cell walls present a high ratio of amorphous to crystall

243 fore envisioned as models of secondary plant cell walls prior to lignification.

244 OM1 regulates cell growth, thereby affecting cell wall properties and signaling specifically in meris

245 However, the cell wall properties and the transcriptome of rice and B

246 a human opportunistic fungal pathogen whose cell wall protects it from the extracellular environment

247 show that an as-yet-unidentified nonsecreted cell wall protein is required to promote the early epith

248 e to host tissue is mediated by GPI-anchored cell wall proteins (GPI-CWPs); the corresponding genes c

249 Secondary cell walls provide a physical barrier that protects plan

250 l for bacterial viability; the peptidoglycan cell wall provides shape and osmotic protection to the c

251 edistribution of calcium particularly in the cell walls, providing support for the "phytase-phytate-p

252 t x tZHD14 as effective targets for reducing cell wall recalcitrance and improving the enzymatic degr

253 Many cell wall related genes are down regulated in mus-3 mul-

254 The plants also exhibit extensive cell wall remodeling associated with induction of multip

255 polysaccharide and capsule synthesis genes, cell wall remodeling genes (lytN, ddh), the urease opero

256 activities, including forming MDR pumps and cell wall remodeling machineries, to ensure bacterial su

257 ssion of LEA and ELIP genes, and evidence of cell wall remodeling.

258 e a role in coleorhiza reinforcement through cell wall remodelling to confer coat dormancy.

259 Their thick, chitin-reinforced cell walls render cell lysis difficult, complicating the

260 h large, organized lipid aggregates in plant cell walls represents a new mechanism for structural col

261 ino acid polymer that composes the bacterial cell wall, requires a significant expenditure of energy

262 nthesis, and, in specific tissues, secondary cell wall (SCW) deposition, yet the coordination of thes

263 To envisage potential applications, cell wall sequential extraction performed on dry plant y

264 possible, it is rather limited in turgid and cell wall-shielded plant cells.

265 A deeper understanding of cell wall signaling will provide insights into the growt

266 The assay incorporates both cell wall softening and hypo-osmotic treatment to induce

267 n modification (Hyp-Ara) found abundantly on cell wall structural proteins.

268 a coordinated signaling network that targets cell wall structure and is regulated in part via a decre

269 To further explore how the B. subtilis cell wall structure can influence the SICM current respo

270 Due to differences in cell wall structure, EVs in Gram-positive bacteria have

271 re selected as potential regulators of xylem cell wall structure.

272 best-characterized enzymes, acting upon the cell wall substrate peptidoglycan.

273 usceptible) using metabolomics profiling and cell wall sugar characterization at different developmen

274 lls together with an accumulation of crushed cell walls suggests that the EAS is a dynamic zone from

275 ical DEGs and pathways involved in secondary cell wall synthesis and regulation of the chemical compo

276 asis of the temporal modulation of secondary cell wall synthesis during plant cell elongation.

277 s as a valuable experimental system to study cell wall synthesis in plants, but our understanding of

278 Bacterial cell wall synthesis is an essential process in bacteria

279 we discuss fundamental aspects of bacterial cell wall synthesis, describe the regulation and diverse

280 e Z-ring and its role in coordinating septal cell wall synthesis, the early stages of protofilament f

281 iptional regulation of genes responsible for cell wall synthesis, which contributes to fibre length b

282 S-layer at specific sites that coincide with cell wall synthesis, while the secretion of SlpA from th

283 tion from rapid cell elongation to secondary cell wall synthesis.

284 d, occur through manipulating the process of cell wall synthesis.

285 its downstream proteins essential for septal cell wall synthesis.

286 The cell-wall-synthesis machinery responsible for rod shape

287 of complexes of membrane proteins including cell-wall synthetic proteins.

288 Peptidoglycan hydrolases and cell wall-tailoring enzymes that regulate glycan strand

289 y is the synthesis of the peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall that caps the daughter poles and prevents osmo

290 ross the lignin-rich and multi-layered plant cell wall that poses the dominant physical barrier to bi

291 of minor polysaccharide components of plant cell walls that are particularly difficult to assign by

292 izes around forming pits and under secondary cell wall thickenings in metaxylem cells.

293 stomatal densities (SD(aba) ) and mesophyll cell wall thickness (T(CW) ).

294 nthesis, apoptosis, and maintenance of xylem cell wall thickness and strength.

295 Cell lumen diameter and cell wall thickness in the pre-scarring fossilized wood

296 the activity of the enzymes that remodel the cell wall to ensure that the levels of activity are 'jus

297 the physical properties of the Gram-positive cell wall, was developed.

298 wn to affect beta-1,3-glucan exposure on the cell wall, we report here that iron changes the composit

299 t without causing any apparent damage to the cell walls when viewed by microscopy.

300 reen fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion to the cell wall with trapping within intracellular puncta; thi