ライフサイエンスコーパス: challenge to

1 bearing 1,3 (meta) substitution patterns are challenging to access using the Diels-Alder reaction (th

2 A technical challenge to accurately quantify the FAF intensities, th

3 ical and logistical issues, however, make it challenging to accurately detect abnormal copy number ev

4 data with few biological replicates make it challenging to accurately detect those samples, and this

5 genetic and phenotypic variation, but remain challenging to accurately type and are hence poorly char

6 the lack of Pockels effect presents a major challenge to achieve high-speed modulation of Si(3)N(4).

7 ucer that systematically addresses all these challenges to achieve nearly three orders of magnitude i

8 However, it is challenging to achieve high piezoelectricity and perfect

9 anti-commuting reflection symmetries, it is challenging to achieve higher-order quantized multipole

10 Despite recent progress, it remains challenging to achieve multiple shape manipulations in o

11 Despite extensive progress, it remains challenging to achieve the physical limit of flow boilin

12 s approach the sub-micrometer scale which is challenging to achieve with conventional micro-electrome

13 llular rejection (ACR) remains a significant challenge to achieving long-term graft survival.

14 oirs in the central nervous system (CNS) are challenging to address due to low penetration of antiret

15 Key challenges to advancing MRI-guided RT include real-time

16 allergy underwent sequential diagnostic food challenges to all other nuts and sesame seed.

17 er other dominant chemical signatures posing challenges to an effective classification based on pleas

18 mentalization are sparse, and typically very challenging to analyze computationally.

19 nor cell wall components that are especially challenging to analyze with current methods.

20 line the need for increased awareness of the challenge to animal and human health posed by excessive

21 ent outstanding questions that are otherwise challenging to answer.

22 sts, and this should be viewed as a critical challenge to any elimination effort.

23 However, it is still challenging to apply GCN for SL prediction as SL interac

24 One significant challenge to applying this method to commercial cells ha

25 udies of selection, highlight some important challenges to applying these methods to large data sets,

26 nt metabolic plasticity and is a therapeutic challenge to be overcome.

27 With these challenges to be addressed, this article aims to review

28 glucose, and analyses the potential and the challenges to be overcome in developing a PGM-based bios

29 By focusing on transcripts which are challenging to be investigated with RNA-Seq, we accurate

30 ctures and telomeric protein binding, pose a challenge to BIR and increase the vulnerability of the D

31 wever, the low success rate presents a great challenge to broader clinical application.

32 st and high noise in particle images make it challenging to build 3D density maps at intermediate to

33 However, it remains challenging to build good predictive models especially w

34 Multidrug resistance is one major challenge to cancer treatment.

35 mber and diversity of sequenced species, the challenge to characterize genes with functional informat

36 n fractured porous rock such as sandstone is challenging to characterize and quantify.

37 2S]-cluster-bridged complexes that are often challenging to characterize because of the inherent inst

38 le tertiary alkylamines provides a continual challenge to chemical synthesis.

39 tion and reduction of N(2) have been a major challenge to chemists and the focus since now has mostly

40 d to limit community transmission, but it is challenging to choose the best interventions for a given

41 n-induced conformational changes pose unique challenges to classical molecular dynamics simulations,

42 partial/leaky splicing defects are the most challenging to classify because the minimal level of ful

43 ocognitive phenotypes continues to present a challenge to clinical geneticists and diagnostic laborat

44 he bone and other metastatic sites have been challenging to collect.

45 Finally, we identify key open questions and challenges to comprehensively understanding the intersec

46 how that the Maximum Independent Set is more challenging to compute in sparser graphs than in denser

47 It is challenging to conduct ecologically relevant global chan

48 to proprietary systems that pose significant challenges to conducting accurate analyses of many clini

49 Finally, we review challenges to conducting experimental camera trap studie

50 and epigenomic data, but it remains a major challenge to connect these elements to their target gene

51 any forms of learning and memory, it remains challenging to connect changes in synaptic strength at s

52 iquely substituted carbocycles that would be challenging to construct otherwise.

53 A major challenge to containing COVID-19 is that many infected p

54 resents a considerable degree of mechanistic challenge to control the mode of substrate activation as

55 Considering the challenges to control RA, this study provides robust dat

56 ruses are not yet approved, posing a serious challenge to current global efforts aimed at containing

57 We present a theoretical and an empirical challenge to Cushman's claim that rationalization is ada

58 This imposes a severe challenge to cytosolic proteostasis and triggers a speci

59 It can be challenging to decipher how such effects contribute to t

60 There is a perceived challenge to define a quantitative scale for ChIP-Seq da

61 However, it is still challenging to deliberately create high-density homogene

62 However, it is challenging to delineate potential trophic interactions

63 of tissues outside of the lung has been more challenging to demonstrate.

64 However, it is challenging to depict the potentially small oxygenation

65 However, there remains a challenge to design a practical path from the existing e

66 dvent of quantum technology, it is a crucial challenge to design quantum neural networks for fully qu

67 This presents challenges to design ligands that show selectivity and s

68 etic and antigenic diversity, which makes it challenging to design a vaccine that provides broad prot

69 However, it is always challenging to design platinum complexes suitable for su

70 However, it has been challenging to detect and characterize binding of LBLs t

71 However, it is technically challenging to detect and isolate circulating rare cells

72 structures regulating organelle dynamics are challenging to detect with fluorescence microscopy, maki

73 he goal of this perspective is to review the challenges to detection of glaucoma progression with mac

74 However, time since M.tb infection is challenging to determine in routine clinical practice.

75 It can be challenging to determine whether HLH is the result of an

76 clinical trial not only further stresses the challenge to develop an effective HIV vaccine but also e

77 e unmet chemistry and biomedical engineering challenge to develop controlled release therapeutics is

78 It is still a challenge to develop gene replacement therapy for retina

79 It remains a key challenge to develop highly efficient artificial light-h

80 age pancreatic cancer is needed but has been challenging to develop because of the lack of an effecti

81 r small size and high diversity have made it challenging to develop detection methods that have suffi

82 brain-behaviour relationships and making it challenging to develop neuroimaging biomarkers to track

83 However, it remains challenging to develop solid electrolytes that are both

84 ting viral spread and disease, it has proven challenging to develop targeted and selective therapeuti

85 gies to treat RB1-deficient tumors, as it is challenging to develop targeted drugs for tumors that ar

86 n of selectivity remained unclear, making it challenging to develop the reaction more generally.

87 However, it remains challenging to develop vaccine nanoparticles that can pr

88 lic heterogeneity among human tumors poses a challenge to developing therapies that exploit metabolic

89 Histoplasmosis can be challenging to diagnose and is widely underrecognized.

90 which is invasive for patients and sometimes challenging to diagnose due to morphologic heterogeneity

91 compared with other RCC subtypes, but it is challenging to diagnose TFE3-RCC by traditional visual i

92 a good agreement with the experiment and are challenging to differentiate.

93 tissue morphogenesis; however, it has proved challenging to directly measure strain at high spatial r

94 tation of free electron-hole pairs have been challenging to directly probe because of their inherentl

95 verning their spatial distribution are often challenging to discern given that they operate across mu

96 However, RTs have proven challenging to discover and engineer, in particular for

97 often caused by cigarette smoking, making it challenging to disentangle its role in lung cancer susce

98 for Alzheimer's disease, it is particularly challenging to disentangle structural changes related to

99 r traits such as gene expression, it remains challenging to distinguish the causal nucleotide from ne

100 hat share cell-of-origin lineages and can be challenging to distinguish using standard-of-care imagin

101 Telomeres are a significant challenge to DNA replication and are prone to replicatio

102 bsequent target engagement confirmation is a challenge to drug discovery and translation due to lack

103 TMD thin-films present uniquely difficult challenges to effective nanoscale crystalline characteri

104 To date, however, it has been challenging to effectively untangle the mechanisms shapi

105 e embryonic developmental processes makes it challenging to elucidate their roles in postmitotic neur

106 eterogeneity has traditionally imposed large challenges to energy quantification because of nonlinear

107 ional microvasculature has been particularly challenging to engineer due to its size and complexity.

108 such antibodies can be expensive to produce, challenging to engineer, and are not necessarily stable

109 testing and research of such mixtures, it is challenging to establish initial concentrations without

110 ligand, [(11)C]CIMBI-36, and a d-amphetamine challenge to evaluate synaptic 5-HT changes in the livin

111 d with previous ones, it will pose a greater challenge to existing image processing methods.

112 viding exciting opportunities and formidable challenges to existing theoretical and modeling approach

113 Perhaps the greatest challenge to expanded use of MPAs is the perceived trade

114 ofluidic prototyping, but posing a number of challenges to experimentalists, including leaching of un

115 However, it remains challenging to extract useful dynamic information from t

116 ngth and stiffness per weight, but have been challenging to fabricate and test experimentally.

117 a broad range of targets, but it has proven challenging to fabricate suitable three-electrode system

118 ve multiple nonintuitive parameters that are challenging to fit in well-defined manner, have difficul

119 s, but these models had previously been very challenging to fit.

120 Electrochemical Transistors and it is still challenging to formulate precise design rules guiding ma

121 It is also challenging to fully describe the critical cellular even

122 reported elsewhere represent the most major challenge to future implementation success.

123 However, it is challenging to gain information on rotational dynamics,

124 of long reads, averaging 8-15%, has made it challenging to generate a highly accurate final sequence

125 the joint test has been performed, it may be challenging to get summary statistics from both exposure

126 nce in aging societies constitutes a growing challenge to global healthcare systems.

127 Despite its vital role, it has remained challenging to globally map APC/C substrates.

128 It is extremely challenging to grow single-crystal halide perovskite fil

129 Further, many of these reagents are challenging to handle, engage in undesired side reaction

130 These findings call attention for the challenge to health systems to prevent and modify the ma

131 RS-CoV-2) pandemic has brought a new wave of challenges to health care, particularly in the area of r

132 (COVID-19) pandemic is posing insurmountable challenges to healthcare systems globally.

133 traction to sweetness presents a significant challenge to human health.

134 However, it has been a challenge to identify an RSV vaccine strain that has an

135 It remains a major challenge to identify the genes and mutations that lead

136 with fewer hydrophobic domains that makes a challenge to identify the specific targets/binding sites

137 fluid injection-induced earthquakes remain a challenge to identify.

138 form an event from notable to extreme can be challenging to identify and hence, limit forecast abilit

139 rsity of the cancer genomics profiles, it is challenging to identify distinct clusters from different

140 gate symbioses are ancient, it is especially challenging to identify early or intermediate stages.

141 This makes it challenging to identify how individual mutations affect

142 Historically it has been challenging to identify inhibitors of the DNA-PK catalyt

143 It remains extremely challenging to identify specific membrane protein-lipid

144 Unfortunately, it remains generally challenging to identify the essential degrees of freedom

145 range of peptidic epitopes; it is therefore challenging to identify their natural and synthetic subs

146 However, it is challenging to identify these burdened regions due to mu

147 m relative data, but more subtle effects are challenging to identify.

148 It has been challenging to illuminate the features of this synaptic

149 n approaches use complex geometries that are challenging to implement.

150 A number of challenges to implementation remain, such as ensuring hi

151 s, yet their low eruptive frequency makes it challenging to interpret their short-term unrest.

152 me and complexity of genomic data presents a challenge to interpreting enhancer function in normal an

153 en locus is coordinated has been technically challenging to investigate.

154 vidence for its efficacy remains unclear and challenges to its widespread adoption persist.

155 wide, but methodological differences present challenges to large-scale analysis across datasets.

156 ll types, including ER+ cells that have been challenging to maintain in culture.

157 deration in many desalination studies, it is challenging to make (intuitive) sense of energy efficien

158 c changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ fai

159 Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is challenging to manage.

160 n or medication to treat delirium, making it challenging to manage.

161 Metastatic melanoma is challenging to manage.

162 igen physicochemical variability can present challenges to manufacturing personalized cancer vaccines

163 amily of direct-fit models present a radical challenge to many of the theoretical assumptions in psyc

164 ern United States, and represent the primary challenges to marten conservation at the southern periph

165 tional enzyme design; nevertheless, they are challenging to measure experimentally.

166 lifetime and aerosol concentration has been challenging to measure from polar orbiting satellites.

167 the precursor to 25(OH)D but is analytically challenging to measure in biological specimens.

168 Because it is challenging to measure the RRVs of tetrasaccharides, ano

169 es; however, these reproductive barriers are challenging to measure within natural populations.

170 o pool-based SOC models; as a result, we are challenged to mechanistically predict how environmental

171 nfluences human brain development, but it is challenging to model PCE using animals and current cell

172 ng-standing biological mystery that may pose challenges to modern mtDNA disease therapies, leading to

173 However, plastic pollution remains challenging to monitor in the environment and to control

174 reactive oxygen species can be fleeting and challenging to monitor in vivo Although remaining a chal

175 It is challenging to monitor the status of cartilage in vivo a

176 However, it is very challenging to obtain unambiguous information on the lig

177 likelvin temperatures-however, it has proven challenging to operate nanoscale optomechanical devices

178 ms that are often expensive, cumbersome, and challenging to operate, confining many digital assays to

179 continuity of care and ART coverage present challenges to optimal PMTCT in Guinea-Bissau.

180 asmodium parasite and its life cycle poses a challenge to our understanding of the host immune respon

181 stimuli-responsive applications, hitherto a challenge to overcome.

182 o calculations, square roots are the gravest challenges to overcome.

183 al colleges and universities present similar challenges to pandemic control for all.

184 derwent double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge to peanut as part of a clinical trial.

185 are time-consuming, resource intensive, and challenging to perform in young children.

186 As a result, it is especially challenging to perform native mass spectrometry in negat

187 This represents a challenge to petrochemical enterprises because of the co

188 regulation have further implications during challenges to physiological homeostasis, including exerc

189 arameters used in diverse tumor types, it is challenging to pinpoint FUS specifications that may elic

190 on to changing light intensities poses major challenges to plant metabolism and has been shown to inv

191 has been slow-growing because IGEs have been challenging to precisely and comprehensively locate in g

192 itive interactions in gold complexes make it challenging to precisely establish the identity of gold-

193 lysis of genome-wide association data, it is challenging to precisely localize the variants that affe

194 Thus, it has been challenging to precisely manipulate PNNs to rigorously i

195 It is therefore a major challenge to predict population effects given the comple

196 complex ways to their environment, making it challenging to predict a direct relationship between the

197 However, it is challenging to predict nanoparticle physicochemical prop

198 disperse hard Brownian particles, it remains challenging to predict the forms of order that can emerg

199 complexity of coral-reef ecosystems makes it challenging to predict their dynamics and resilience und

200 to many biological processes, yet it remains challenging to predictively design this functionality de

201 However, it is still very challenging to prepare amorphous noble-metal nanomateria

202 y functionalised 1,2,3-triazoles that remain challenging to prepare by azide-alkyne cycloaddition (AA

203 bstituted substrates, which are particularly challenging to prepare with other methods.

204 ven-membered-ring systems that are otherwise challenging to prepare.

205 It is challenging to preserve such oligomers in the gas phase

206 country level and highlights the increasing challenge to prevention and treatment efforts.

207 remain understudied, partly because they are challenging to prioritize for experimental validation.

208 rom water represents one of the most crucial challenges to produce renewable fuel.

209 nt with biologicals, and clinicians face the challenge to provide optimal care during the pandemic.

210 s critical to performing these assays, it is challenging to provide it in an electricity-free format

211 roup of malignancies continues to pose major challenges to public health.

212 e on short time scales, as perturbations are challenging to quantify and ecosystem transitions are ra

213 generates multifunctional carbonyls that are challenging to quantify because of unavailability of sta

214 eatures in the cognitive domains, it remains challenging to quantify functional brain connectomic cha

215 It is challenging to quantify how the architecture of planetar

216 It is, however, challenging to quantify multi-pesticide residues at low

217 However, it is challenging to quantify network architecture across scal

218 are markers of disease but are analytically challenging to quantify.

219 Conjoined twins are rare and pose a challenge to radiologists and surgeons.

220 ncrease in size and complexity, it becomes a challenge to reach a mechanistic interpretation of exper

221 omics resources and future opportunities and challenges to realize the goal of precision oncology.

222 However, it is a great challenge to reanalyze these large scale and complex dat

223 This makes it challenging to reconstruct the regulatory networks that

224 signal to noise ratio (SNR), it is extremely challenging to recover such information with existing im

225 ntrolled trial comparing mBCG and RC will be challenging to recruit into.

226 sis methods are available, there remain many challenges to reliable tree building.

227 l and on environmental conditions, which are challenging to replicate in the laboratory.

228 elocity and large content of cold gas remain challenging to reproduce with most numerical simulations

229 PUs are challenging to resolve when infected by antibiotic-resis

230 The scale of these NGS datasets has made it challenging to search through the Complementarity-determ

231 eding studies are highly variable, and it is challenging to select the appropriate TDF for diet estim

232 A-origami design and preparation, it remains challenging to separate structural components of an arch

233 ic character of supramolecular links present challenges to sequence definition in extended supramolec

234 Potential challenges to shorter antimicrobial duration in sepsis i

235 te recent advances in this field, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve high multiplexing,

236 prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major challenge to societies worldwide.

237 owires (NWs) for optoelectronics, it remains challenging to solution-print an array of NWs with preci

238 A grand challenge to solve a large-scale linear inverse problem

239 n development and evolution, the LPM remains challenging to study and to delineate, owing to its line

240 ic(5,6) criteria, as it has been technically challenging to study both aspects of neuronal diversity

241 ntation human embryonic development has been challenging to study due to both technical limitations a

242 It has been particularly challenging to study dynamic HSC behaviour, given that t

243 It is challenging to study how pneumococci control virulence f

244 mechanisms of injury progression, which are challenging to study in mammalian models.

245 Cancer invasion and metastasis are challenging to study in vivo since they occur deep insid

246 highly specific antibodies, GPCRs are still challenging to study in vivo.

247 Challenges to studying workflow and workarounds are desc

248 antly impacted genes or gene sets, which are challenging to synthesize down to actionable results wit

249 Kidney diseases are particularly challenging to tackle because they are pathologically di

250 ers (CRC), oncogenic KRAS has been extremely challenging to target therapeutically.

251 This paradoxical relationship has made it challenging to tease apart sources of variability that d

252 We also address some of the challenges to telomerase-directed therapies including po

253 and Allesina (2019) proposed a computational challenge to test whether it is indeed possible to diffe

254 We present the method as a challenge to the community to determine its security.

255 ty of purified GSLs represents a significant challenge to the discovery and characterization of biolo

256 oncogenes in pediatric cancers poses a major challenge to the evolving paradigm of personalized medic

257 l surface of the intestine poses an enormous challenge to the host because it must avoid the activati

258 Cell type heterogeneity presents a challenge to the interpretation of epigenome data, compo

259 their connectivity represents a fundamental challenge to the neurosciences.

260 sease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a great challenge to the public health system.

261 Our result suggests a challenge to the usual understanding of the adiabatic li

262 the potential of midwives but there are many challenges to the achievement of this potential.

263 ase 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses important challenges to the care of patients with immune-mediated

264 Challenges to the de novo synthesis of bacteriochlorophy

265 ty of the patient population present massive challenges to the development of early diagnostic tools

266 Challenges to the prevention of severe disease after vir

267 k of bias and insufficient reporting present challenges to the reproducibility and implementation of

268 syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents challenges to the robust collection of population-scale

269 etter data analysis tools, there remain many challenges to the routine use and implementation of thes

270 , and discuss current opportunities for, and challenges to, the use of PARPis in neuro-oncology.

271 Understanding how plants grow and overcome challenges to their survival is critical for using these

272 Adolescents living with HIV face challenges to their wellbeing and antiretroviral therapy

273 However, one of the greatest challenges to their widespread adoption is the difficult

274 onclude that adversarial images still pose a challenge to theorists using DCNNs as models of human vi

275 An obvious challenge to this claim is the existence of adversarial

276 A challenge to this goal is the connectivity of the networ

277 ber of conceptual, practical, and analytical challenges to this line of research and used a preregist

278 rs, highlighting current trends and possible challenges to this rapidly developing area, with a speci

279 It was more challenging to trace migrations from metastases back to

280 ontrast between these strategies, it remains challenging to trace nutrients from endogenous stores or

281 path from ancestral gene to novel protein is challenging to trace, and therefore the requirements for

282 n sources, including waste streams that pose challenges to traditional chemical processing, such as l

283 g, but ex-vivo approaches are cumbersome and challenging to translate clinically.

284 With a lack or targeted therapies, TNBC is challenging to treat and carries a poor prognosis.

285 te lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has remained challenging to treat in children, with survival rates la

286 ance to fulvestrant and palbociclib is a new challenge to treatment of estrogen receptor positive (ER

287 this integral feature poses a weight-induced challenge to trunk stability.

288 It is challenging to tune the response of biosensors to a set

289 finality and multifinality pose considerable challenges to uncovering underlying mechanisms and under

290 It is a major challenge to understand the dynamics of these folding pr

291 tions and various modes of signaling make it challenging to understand their structure and function.

292 A fundamental challenge to understanding remapping is the fact that wh

293 A challenge to understanding the inner workings of these c

294 Although this complexity poses formidable challenges to understanding the underlying molecular bas

295 ction development in childhood, it remains a challenge to use this information to estimate the potent

296 nual inspection is time consuming, making it challenging to use for image data mining.

297 lar-visualization programs are expensive and challenging to use; work only on specific VR headsets; r

298 such complex forms of big data poses serious challenges to users of MD.

299 It has been a longstanding challenge to visualize how the intricate thylakoid netwo

300 ected by carboxylic acids can overcome these challenges to yield gamma-lactones in high enantiomeric