ライフサイエンスコーパス: char

1 ger characterisitic thermal constants, theta(char).

2 amounts of thermally altered organic matter (chars).

3 nd donate up to 2 mmol electrons per gram of char.

4 are considered by critical appraisal of one, char.

5 um, whereas 8% of the right atrium burns had char.

6 uced by cold-weather species, such as Arctic char.

7 ven assuming high long-term stability of the char.

8 ined progressively with carbonization of the char.

9 icient) to sorption on graphite, but less on chars.

10 ace burns was more homogeneous than open air chars.

11 d for efficient utilisation of waste derived chars.

12 monstration of CH(4) suppression by wildfire chars.

13 possibly condensed aromatics in the high-HTT chars.

14 iscrete, continuous, and without evidence of charring.

15 selenoneine concentrations comprised Arctic char (1.07 [1.02, 1.12]) and beluga mattaaq (1.15 [1.08,

16 ergothioneine concentrations included Arctic char (1.07 [1.04, 1.10]) and caribou meat (1.06 [1.03, 1

17 In the presence of an air-oxidized char, (13)CO(2) was produced at the expense of (13)CH(4)

18 ric tetrylene dichalcogenolates of formula M(ChAr)2 (M = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; Ch = O, S, or Se; Ar = bulky

19 verted recalcitrant heavy hydrocarbons into "char" (a carbonaceous material similar to petroleum coke

20 The mechanism of the graphitization of bio-char, a "non-graphitizable" carbon, is explored, suggest

21 sion of biogenic methane (CH(4)) by wildfire chars, a previously unrecognized, potentially beneficial

22 ith char is also needed to determine whether char accumulation has long-term redox effects on microbi

23 leachable carbon and nitrogen than open air chars across land cover types.

24 Factors like char aging and patina formation, and environmental param

25 n Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, and Arctic char also revealed extensive conservation of syntenic bl

26 ta) values for pyDOM generated from wildfire char and a series of lab-prepared chars produced by comb

27 atmospheric black carbon (BC, in the form of char and soot) is still constrained for inland areas.

28 hern India on emission factors of OC and EC (char and soot) was assessed for four cookstoves (advance

29 Variation in terms of EFs for OC and EC (char and soot) within the cooking cycle was also found t

30 ic (OC) and black carbon (BC, in the form of char and soot), have long been recognized in modern wild

31 on of pyrogenic organic matter (pyOM) (e.g., char and soot).

32 lated to the different formation pathways of char and soot, which are governed by combustion efficien

33 g, was found in spinach, rocket, watercress, chard and broccoli.

34 en isolates collected from table beet, Swiss chard and common lambsquarters in mixed-cropping farms a

35 ranslocation, and accumulation of nitrate in chard and spinach under greenhouse conditions with optim

36 opulations of C. beticola derived from Swiss chard and table beet were not genetically differentiated

37 analyses of the stomach and liver, including charred and bloody tissues after electrocauterization.

38 n North Africa, archaeobotanical evidence of charred and desiccated plant organs denotes that Early H

39 The surface is cooled, which prevents charring and results in deeper coagulation.

40 ound to be similar in energy content to wood chars and bituminous coal, having a heating value of 25.

41 rom pecan shell biochar, a model for natural chars and human-made chars used in soil remediation and

42 lebacks: Gasterosteus aculeatus), 41 +/- 38 (char), and 9.9 +/- 5.9 (trout) ng g(-1) wet weight.

43 d FTS compounds in water, sediment, juvenile char, and benthic invertebrates from lakes in the high A

44 BC, char, and soot have similar vertical concentration profi

45 , green lettuce, lamb's lettuce, mizuna, red chard, and red lettuce, were observed under high PAR.

46 d chard, red lettuce, rocket, spinach, Swiss chard, and tatsoi) and quality traits of the selected le

47 grees of internal doneness, surface browning/charring, and cooking technique was linked to a database

48 zole 71 undergoes destructive pyrolysis with charring, and the calculations predict the occurrence of

49 cepting quinone moieties in intermediate-HTT chars, and by electron accepting quinones and possibly c

50 (pine forest floor and wood) under wildfire charring- and slow-pyrolysis conditions.

51 methyl)-pent-2-en-4-ynes [Ar-C C-C(CF(3)) CH-CHAr'(Ar")] in good yields.

52 methyl)-pent-2-en-4-ynes [Ar-C=C-C(CF(3))=CH-CHAr'(Ar")] in good yields.

53 he exocyclic C=C bond of pentafulvenes C5H4(=CHAr) (Ar=2-MeOPh and related species) results in enanti

54 es, presenting the largest HTS assessment of charred archaeobotanical specimens to date.

55 e technologies are not suitable for use with charred archaeobotanicals and urge great caution when in

56 peciation and availability in sludge-derived chars are tunable by varying treatment techniques and co

57 Chars are ubiquitous in the environment and release sign

58 nanoparticles and natural pyrogenic carbon (char) are unknown.

59 the feasibility of using human feces-derived char as a solid fuel for heating and cooking and a poten

60 The use of the char as biochar is also contrasted with alternative use

61 rs have been recently described, positioning chars as active participants in microbial redox processe

62 PAHs to a non-toxic and fertility-preserving char, as we demonstrated earlier.

63 perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) dominated in char, benthic chironomids (their main prey), and sedimen

64 of organic carbon (C) ranging from partially charred biomass and charcoal to soot) is a widely acknow

65 This fungus likely proliferates on charred biomass by rapidly colonising heat-sterilised su

66 components, and the PyOM (i.e., all visually charred, blackened materials) produced in each of them.

67 commercial charcoal briquettes, making fecal char briquettes a potential substitute that also contrib

68 cted an extensive programme of AMS-dating of charred broomcorn millet grains from 75 prehistoric site

69 ion and the end of testing (e.g., refueling, char burnout) drive high emissions during pellet tests.

70 all solutes maximized with the 500 degrees C char, but failed to trend regularly with N2 or CO2 surfa

71 on in the uncertainty of prediction of theta(char) by a factor or f approximately 2 and, in a constan

72 n-donating, phenolic moieties in the low-HTT chars, by newly formed electron accepting quinone moieti

73 EMPO indicated that only a small fraction of char C atoms lie near sorption sites.

74 om or direct soil application of the derived chars can be potential P recycling practices.

75 thetic material and as a constituent of bone char, can serve as an effective and relatively inexpensi

76 indings suggest that coral species with high-CHAR capability during bleaching and recovery, irrespect

77 n of microbially utilized chars restored the chars' capacity to suppress CH(4), confirming the redox-

78 Black ash (char) caused substantial drops in pH and increased CO(2)

79 undescribed stable isotope determinations of charred cereals and pulses from 13 Neolithic sites acros

80 bution shifted from extractable compounds to char coating the residue particles.

81 r, the most favorable result is obtained for char cofiring substituting fossil coal, even assuming hi

82 Electroactive char components may also contribute to the redox propert

83 We suggest that the charred cone bracts of Ephedra likely represent residues

84 Assessment of ceramide mass by TLC lipid charring confirmed that PSC 833 markedly enhanced cerami

85 Chars contain electroactive quinoid functional groups an

86 In the char conversion phase, a spherical layer of atomic K, wi

87 easurements on bones of humans, animals, and charred crops allow the detection of spatio-temporal pat

88 s receiving EMA/CO were identified using the Charing Cross GTN database.

89 nilateral Meniere's disease were enrolled at Charing Cross Hospital (London, UK) and Leicester Royal

90 A survey of patients treated at Charing Cross Hospital between 1958 and 2000 was perform

91 84 safely discharged) from two UK hospitals (Charing Cross Hospital, London, and Hammersmith Hospital

92 red between January, 1993, and May, 2008, at Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK, who had persistently

93 FTIR spectra of residual char demonstrated that fungal fibers grown with Si sourc

94 id evidence and suggest that most of the 101 charred deposits analysed, from across the major islands

95 We hypothesized that char derived from wildfires possess an electron storage

96 systematically characterized P speciation in chars derived from thermal (i.e., pyrolysis) and hydroth

97 limited utility for the characterization of chars due to incomplete solubility in common solvents.

98 The correlation with char electrical conductivity suggests that sulfides are

99 Although RDX transformation correlated with char electrical conductivity, no RDX transformation was

100 anic matter content can significantly affect char electrochemical properties and microbial interactio

101 Char electron contents measured before and after acetate

102 ntal black carbon (fossil fuel soot, biomass char), engineered carbons (biochar, activated carbon), a

103 s the first significant data set of wildfire char ESC, and the first quantitative demonstration of CH

104 On average, 28.4 +/- 2.2% of the wildfire chars' ESC was utilized to divert electrons away from CH

105 effects of thermal air oxidation of biomass chars experienced during formation or production on thei

106 nsuming unpyrolyzed lignocellulose beneath a charred exterior.

107 e analysis and lipid residue analysis on the charred food macro-remains, carbonized thin layer organi

108 of anoxically prepared wood and pecan shell chars for up to 40 min enhanced the mass-normalized adso

109 nergy absorbed by snowpacks occurred beneath charred forests over the past two decades, with enhanced

110 icle-number concentrations revealed two-step char formation during combustion.

111 Collateral thermal damage and residual char formation have severely limited the use of conventi

112 Impedance rises and char formation occurred at 91 +/- 12 degrees C.

113 e highest AE of 300 kJ/mol and a substantial char formation of 24%.

114 No steam pop, myocardial perforation, or char formation was observed in any of the 111 ablations

115 of rapid impedance rises and desiccation or char formation; and rhythm outcomes.

116 tic investigation of the redox properties of chars formed under different pyrolysis conditions has be

117 evenagel adducts enabling the insertion of a CHAr fragment is reported.

118 e conditions, the microstructure of residual char from fungal fibers grown with higher content of Si

119 A total of 18 chars from fires that occurred between March and October

120 Chars from wildfires and soil amendments (biochars) are

121 ot steel slags, a man-made iron resource via char gasification and the employment of hematite, a natu

122 sts where the apparent activation energy for char gasification got remarkably reduced from 95.7 kJ/mo

123 Char gasification offers the advantage of producing free

124 erived soils in the U.S. (Mollisols) contain char (generated by presettlement fires) that is structur

125 topic analyses of human and animal bones and charred grains; and radiocarbon dating of millet grains

126 ynamic model incorporating solvent-water and char-graphite partition coefficients permitted for the f

127 k earths in Amazonia that were enriched with char >800 years ago) consist predominantly of char resid

128 of nitrate in the leachates and substrates (chard > spinach).

129 The electrochemical properties of chars have been recently described, positioning chars as

130 rassa has an enhanced capacity for degrading charred (i.e., pyrolyzed) plant biomass.

131 ed to be related to the presence of residual char in the osseous defect.

132 ed to be related to the presence of residual char in the osseous defect.

133 nt fires) that is structurally comparable to char in the Terra Preta soils and much more abundant tha

134 We propose to consider chars in environmental engineering applications that req

135 metabolites were immediately adsorbed by the char, including l-asparagine, l-glutamine, and l-arginin

136 therwise end up in CH(4) were deposited into char instead.

137 Here, we introduce a formal definition of charring intensity (CI) to more accurately characterize

138 sembled those in bio-oil, but the increasing charring intensity caused a marked reduction in the mole

139 m monitoring of complex systems amended with char is also needed to determine whether char accumulati

140 les treated at 300 degrees C, inferring that char is an appropriate treatment end point.

141 -DOC oligotrophic lake on Cornwallis Island (Char Lake).

142 In contrast, in low-DOC Char Lake, PD was only observed in the first 12 h, which

143 n, P. ramorum-infected bay laurel amidst the charred landscape may have allowed these trees to serve

144 a decreased thickness and continuity of the char layer and yielded the only specimens with new bone

145 taneous saline irrigation; 2) CO2 laser with char layer intact; 3) CO2 laser with char layer removed;

146 AG laser with air/water surface cooling, and char layer intact; 5) Nd:YAG laser with air/water surfac

147 ustic spectroscopic results suggest that the char layer is limited to an area less than approximately

148 val of the char layer, and Nd:YAG laser with char layer removed and with and without use of an air/wa

149 laser without air/water surface cooling, and char layer removed.

150 er with char layer intact; 3) CO2 laser with char layer removed; 4) Nd:YAG laser with air/water surfa

151 AG laser with air/water surface cooling, and char layer removed; and 6) Nd:YAG laser without air/wate

152 Ts contribute to the formation of a cohesive char layer that protects the residual material.

153 r, CO2 laser with and without removal of the char layer, and Nd:YAG laser with char layer removed and

154 arized light and evaluated for presence of a char layer, heat induced cracking, heat related alterati

155 in open leaf structure produce (i.e., kale, chard, lettuce, greens, and spinach) being most likely t

156 esults indicate that: (1) the composition of charred macro-remains represent the final foodstuffs coo

157 initrobenzene from water to a series of wood chars made anaerobically at different heat treatment tem

158 Fecal chars made at 300 degrees C were found to be similar in

159 ng value of 25.6 +/- 0.08 MJ/kg, while fecal chars made at 750 degrees C had an energy content of 13.

160 Fecal chars made at low temperatures were briquetted with mola

161 iated electrochemical analysis, we show that chars made from different feedstock and over a range of

162 n nearly all samples, except for one lightly-charred maize cob.

163 The presence of abundant charred material in this cave indicates that they period

164 Both Qmax and b of the charred materials were substantially higher than those f

165 icating that the addition of pyDOM from wood chars may not strongly impact surface water photochemist

166 ished or ceased around 1050-800 BCE, despite charred millet grains still being found in the archaeolo

167 s (PolyNARA), likely formed through combined charring of plant and animal biomass, abiotic nitrogen i

168 Charring of the trees at temperatures up to > 1000 degre

169 ical conductivity was addressed by producing chars of increasing electrical conductivity via pyrolysi

170 Charring on the ablation catheter tip was seen in 15 (33

171 ents, all PVs were successfully isolated; no char or thrombus formation was observed.

172 out structural degradation due to shrinkage, charring or decomposition during the sintering of printe

173 nriched carbon stable isotope values of bulk charred organic matter sampled from pottery vessel surfa

174 gher capacity to accumulate perchlorate than chard (p < 0.0185).

175 extremely low pollen production and limited charred-particle deposition, indicating insufficient veg

176 markedly increasing their feeding rates and CHAR (per cent contribution of heterotrophically acquire

177 Its proliferation on charred plant biomass (wood and grasses) in fire-affecte

178 Here we present the analysis of charred plant food remains from Madjedbebe rockshelter i

179 er reanalysed part of an existing dataset on charred plant material, and found all purported endogeno

180 easing degree of condensation and decreasing char polarity.

181 2023 were collected from across the U.S. All chars possessed sizable ESC, from 0.54 to 2.85 mmol e(-)

182 In addition, we show that chars produced at higher peak pyrolysis temperatures (45

183 nalysis of two thermosequences revealed that chars produced at intermediate to high heat treatment te

184 m wildfire char and a series of lab-prepared chars produced by combusting oak and pine wood.

185 henanthrene and anthracene in grass and wood chars produced in 100 degrees C increments across a temp

186 Notably, muffle furnace chars produced less leachable carbon and nitrogen than o

187 0% reduction in water uptake and doubling of char production while largely retaining other key proper

188 show that sorption is a complex function of char properties and solute molecular structure, and not

189 edictable on the basis of readily determined char properties.

190 spectroscopic analyses of the thermosequence chars provide evidence that the pool of redox-active moi

191 rgy content and the elemental composition of chars pyrolyzed at 300, 450, and 750 degrees C.

192 eased at circumneutral pH from a total of 14 chars pyrolyzed from wood and grass feedstocks from 200

193 , green lettuce, lamb's lettuce, mizuna, red chard, red lettuce, rocket, spinach, Swiss chard, and ta

194 ghts the need for a broader understanding of char redox processes to predict and effectively manage u

195 Here, we summarize how char redox properties affect well-defined microbial syst

196 actors that determine whether the effects of char redox properties are enhanced or attenuated in comp

197 sed with increasing pyrolysis temperature of chars, reflecting the increasing degree of condensation

198 har >800 years ago) consist predominantly of char residues composed of ~6 fused aromatic rings substi

199 Our findings indicate that these oxidized char residues represent a particularly stable, abundant,

200 ed at the expense of (13)CH(4), as anaerobic char respirers outcompeted acetoclastic methanogens.

201 tron storage capacity (ESC) that can support char-respiring microbes, enabling them to outcompete met

202 Aeration of microbially utilized chars restored the chars' capacity to suppress CH(4), co

203 e of rice farming using radiocarbon dates on charred rice remains.

204 utant redox transformations, particularly in char-rich environments.

205 also identify critical knowledge gaps about chars' role in microbial redox processes that are import

206 s have advanced mechanistic understanding of char's behavior and potential effects, translating these

207 l sustainability and postulate that managing char's redox properties, such as electron donating, acce

208 r with measured PCB concentrations in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta)

209 proved relative condition of resident Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and increased diatom diversity

210 and in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) collected in a reference lake

211 y contaminated by a small airport and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from these lakes had over 100

212 nbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus).

213 ; brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis; Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus; Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar;

214 tuce, radish, Brussels sprouts, zucchini and chard samples were determined.

215 Carbon dating of charred seeds and charcoal fragments combined with ceram

216 (MARGI (mapping RNA-genome interactions) and ChAR-seq (chromatin-associated RNA sequencing)), which a

217 we use chromatin-associated RNA sequencing (ChAR-seq) to map the global network of ncRNA interaction

218 Without char, singly (13)C-labeled acetate ((13)CH(3)(12)COO(-))

219 he variations in the concentration ratios of char/soot and individual PACs.

220 haeological plant material is preserved in a charred state.

221 ther than a fire-adaptive ability to degrade charred substrates.

222 e that lipids can be recovered reliably from charred surface deposits adhering to pottery dating from

223 euroectoderm, we studied eight patients with Char syndrome and their families.

224 ization of two kindreds (K144 and K145) with Char syndrome containing 22 and 5 affected members, resp

225 ctor expressed in neural crest cells, to the Char syndrome critical region and identified missense mu

226 nes should lead to the identification of the Char syndrome gene, which will provide insights into car

227 Char syndrome is an autosomal dominant trait characteriz

228 entified recombinant events that defined the Char syndrome locus with high probability to a 3.1-cM re

229 acial and limb development and suggests that Char syndrome results from derangement of neural-crest-c

230 en to determine the gene responsible for the Char syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characteri

231 A syndromic form of this disorder, Char syndrome, is caused by mutation in TFAP2B, the gene

232 several phenotypes not previously linked to Char syndrome.

233 tly appear to be involved in the etiology of Char syndrome.

234 d cold-water species like trout, salmon, and char that are already constrained to high elevations and

235 The carbon net negative conversion of bio-char, the low value byproduct of pyrolysis bio-oil produ

236 g the different use options of the pyrolysis char, the most favorable result is obtained for char cof

237 ese processes would inform the production of chars to enhance beneficial processes such as increased

238 salmonids (salmon, marine trout, and Arctic char) to identify opportunities to reduce environmental

239 y Gaussian fittings, i.e., volatile release, char transformation and fixed carbon reaction.

240 uishable from that of the K-Pg boundary, and charred tree trunks.

241 effects due to the creation of a protective char upon heating in the presence of oxygen.

242 bioavailability of perchlorate in spinach or chard used in the production of baby foods commodities.

243 ar, a model for natural chars and human-made chars used in soil remediation and agriculture.

244 sis of a nickel chloride templated cellulose char via open Ni-core shells.

245 eachable organic matter characteristics from chars visually characterized as low burn severity that w

246 yDOM from the highest combustion temperature char was found to possess extremely low Phi(Delta) value

247 When using temperature control, no char was noted in the left atrium, whereas 8% of the rig

248 treatment at 400 degrees C, indicating that char was the final product of pyrene decomposition.

249 ate was moist, relatively high quantities of char were deposited in Linsley Pond, Connecticut, USA wh

250 he root zone of spinach compared to those of chard were correlated with a high rate of accumulation i

251 The higher heating values of the studied chars were evaluated using their elemental composition a

252 The reactivity of chars with respect to transformation of the explosive RD

253 cold-water fishes (e.g., salmon, trout, and char) with relatively large body sizes and mobility.

254 otothermal-photocatalytic materials that use charred wood substrates to convert liquid water to water

255 tained, and glass transition temperature and char yield under nitrogen were improved.

256 composition temperatures >200 degrees C with char yields up to 60%.

257 imetry reveals that these salts produce high char yields upon combustion.