ライフサイエンスコーパス: charged particle

1 egatively charged protein and the negatively charged particle.

2 eins with selective permeability to specific charged particles.

3 s that neutral particles diffuse faster than charged particles.

4 l trials compared treatments with or without charged particles.

5 barrier hindering transmembrane movement of charged particles.

6 s a plasma wave (wakefield) that accelerates charged particles.

7 dergo more rapid transport in CF sputum than charged particles.

8 ), revealing the critical roles of energetic charged particles.

9 ine these channels, enabling interference of charged particles.

10 ll's equations as plasmas are collections of charged particles.

11 motion within a galaxy, and the dynamics of charged particles.

12 of energy between electromagnetic fields and charged particles.

13 electrostatic cohesion among the ensemble of charged particles.

14 ecially when compared to the typical surface-charged particles.

15 is converted into heat and kinetic energy of charged particles.

16 distinct zones of trapped, highly energetic charged particles.

17 g of the stability of crystals of oppositely charged particles.

18 Understanding the balance between charged particle acceleration and loss is central to rad

19 nic plasma flows, are the primary region for charged particle acceleration in multiple space plasma s

20 high average dose-rate, species independent charged particle acceleration, has yet to be considered

21 is (GEMMA) separates nanometer-sized, single-charged particles according to their electrophoretic mob

22 Positively charged particles accumulate around root surfaces and ar

23 nt for heating processes but also accelerate charged particles across considerable distances within t

24 Fluids of charged particles act as the supporting medium for chemi

25 of the polar caps by precipitation of Jovian charged particles along partially open field lines withi

26 tors exhibit the record spectra detection of charged particles among their organic counterparts, with

27 In the case of a charged particle and an ionic solute (e.g., table salt,

28 gCl(2) gradients is compared with negatively charged particles and analyzed with a multi-ion diffusio

29 tubulin and RanGTP is also compared with the charged particles and analyzed with a non-electrolyte di

30 g similarities with other curved crystals of charged particles and colloids.

31 used for coagulating and removing negatively charged particles and dissolved organic matter (DOM) fro

32 Through measurement of charged particles and electromagnetic fields with NASA's

33 Experimentally, the use of charged particles and low-ionic-strength solutions provi

34 kefields can, therefore, strongly accelerate charged particles and offer the opportunity to reach hig

35 try are known to provide good confinement of charged particles and plasmas, but the extent to which q

36 ) produce reactive plasma species, including charged particles and reactive oxygen and nitrogen speci

37 ock to the planet, providing magnetic field, charged particle, and wave phenomena context for Juno's

38 action of ultraviolet light and high-energy charged particles, and compare rates, spectral propertie

39 Ioxaglate is composed of charged particles, and data are reported separately.

40 e gas phase, converted into primarily singly charged particles, and DMA-analyzed.

41 ant sublethal toxicity was observed with the charged particles, and reduced viability was observed wi

42 facilitates the translocation of negatively charged particles, and the free energy barrier for trans

43 h Gram-negative bacteria than are negatively charged particles, and this interaction occurs primarily

44 These results imply that charged particles are accelerated to very high energies

45 In the presence of magnetic fields, the charged particles are bound to their cyclotron orbits, w

46 Individual charged particles are dynamically confined into nanomete

47 In capture and release detection, charged particles are electrophoretically driven to the

48 In subsequent tests, all the charged particles are electrostatically removed from the

49 Charged particles are increasingly used in cancer radiot

50 Under such conditions, charged particles are thought to be efficiently lost thr

51 Electrically charged particles are trapped by the Earth's magnetic fi

52 ions encircling the Earth in which energetic charged particles are trapped inside the Earth's magneti

53 merging cancer theranostic strategies, where charged particles are used as therapeutic as well as dia

54 resultant collective motion of relativistic charged particles around the central axis, strong spin c

55 Cosmic rays are charged particles arriving at the Earth from space.

56 Using microscopic charged particles as monomers, we uncover the mechanisms

57 Nanometre- and micrometre-sized charged particles at aqueous interfaces are typically st

58 ce of area confinement, suggesting that like-charged particles at interfaces can also experience attr

59 electronic degrees of freedom are modeled by charged particles attached to the nuclei of their core a

60 By using the Columbia University charged particle beam in conjunction with a strip dish d

61 uct all 15 of the unique 2D projections of a charged particle beam's 6D phase space for the HiRES com

62 ectrons created by a highly focused incident charged particle beam.

63 e laser pulse or an ultra-short relativistic charged particle beam.

64 in principle, compatible with any species of charged-particle beam(7,8).

65 tic fields generated by intense relativistic charged particle beams and that it generalizes well to u

66 High-efficiency acceleration of charged particle beams at high gradients of energy gain

67 ms that focus, guide, and accelerate intense charged particle beams to high energy.

68 n cells that are not directly traversed by a charged particle but are in close proximity to cells tha

69 l substorms is the acceleration of energetic charged particles, but no acceleration signatures were s

70 ance, a one-dimensional crystal of identical charged particles can accommodate an extra particle (int

71 We show that in aqueous solution, negatively charged particles can attract at long range while positi

72 Electrically charged particles can be created by the decay of strong

73 act that the interaction of matter with fast charged particles can be described by its complete optic

74 The drift motion of energetic charged particles can generate an azimuthal electric cur

75 Radiation therapy with charged particles can potentially deliver maximum doses

76 ic and molecular assembly, electrostatically charged particles cannot change the sign of their surfac

77 The charged particle community is looking for techniques exp

78 nce in the biological effects of high-energy charged particles compared with X-rays or gamma-rays is

79 The simple structures formed by charged particles confined in a harmonic potential have

80 le detection system, designed to investigate charged particle confinement and transport in high magne

81 relied on the gas-phase interaction between charged particles created by electrospray ionization (ES

82 We observed that charged particles damage tissue nonhomogenously, with si

83 and Stormer-Verlet method for electrostatic charged particle devices.

84 ary colloidal system of long-range repulsive charged particles driven purely by Brownian motion and e

85 particularly when comparing X-rays and heavy charged particles, due to the uncertainty in their Relat

86 This system enables the study of fundamental charged particle dynamics, which are relevant to a varie

87 le of the collisional breakup of a system of charged particles, e(-) + H --> H(+) + e(-) + e(-) (wher

88 lting in the generation of reactive species, charged particles, electrons and ultraviolet (UV) photon

89 We consider Charged-Particle Emission Tomography (CPET), which relie

90 rough over 80 years old, Cerenkov showed how charged particles emit shockwaves of light when moving f

91 ion-sensitive avalanche photodiode to detect charged particle-emitting probes within a microfluidic c

92 e particle detection efficiency (fraction of charged particles entering the inlet that are subsequent

93 Lack of charged-particle equilibrium at the luminal mucosa may c

94 nkov (or Cherenkov) luminescence occurs when charged particles exceed the phase velocity of a given m

95 e the nucleoid, and larger and/or positively charged particles excluded from this region.

96 This model was extended to charged particle exposures by integrating Monte Carlo ca

97 asma diagnostics to correlate the photon and charged particle flux with the thermal response of the m

98 particles and measuring the current from the charged particle flux.

99 nated using mass selection to isolate singly charged particles for a specified electrical mobility di

100 tions requiring the confinement of energetic charged particles for long time scales, such as nuclear

101 fusion reaction, the fusion products are all charged particles for which direct conversion is feasibl

102 scientific instrumentation for manipulating charged particles, for instance: to evaluate the behavio

103 Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with th

104 overall significance relative to the loss of charged particles from Jupiter's magnetosphere---were un

105 Magnetic fields, solar wind, and energetic charged particles from low-latitude sources reach all la

106 asts future states (downstream locations) of charged particles from past states (upstream locations).

107 rgy charged particles in the Universe, where charged particles gain energy successively from multiple

108 Strong interactions between the charged particles give rise to surprising dynamics such

109 The Aharonov-Bohm effects of charged particles have been experimentally demonstrated

110 Measurements of x-ray-driven implosions with charged particles have resulted in the quantitative char

111 versed by the particle beam, suggesting that charged particles have the potential to produce ablation

112 The cyclotron frequency of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field B is relate

113 fect of the Lorentz force on an electrically charged particle in an orbital magnetic field.

114 he presence of a magnetic field, the flow of charged particles in a conductor is deflected from the d

115 emitted in the opposite direction of moving charged particles in a left-handed material.

116 ), which minimizes the interaction energy of charged particles in a magnetic field and underlies the

117 valence between particles under rotation and charged particles in a magnetic field relates phenomena

118 g phenomena arise from the Lorentz force for charged particles in a magnetic field, such as the fract

119 atial distribution of DNA lesions induced by charged particles in a mouse model tissue.

120 for learning the spatiotemporal dynamics of charged particles in accelerators.

121 40 cm diameter) for studying the behavior of charged particles in an aluminum vacuum can that is inse

122 ernative for the localization and control of charged particles in an aqueous environment.

123 l observations show that diffusiophoresis of charged particles in an aqueous suspension can be achiev

124 fication of the spatial dose distribution of charged particles in biologically relevant material, and

125 duced by isotopes decaying under emission of charged particles in dielectric media and exhibits a max

126 in instruments dealing with ion packets and charged particles in gas phase such as the mass spectrom

127 standard way for gating or steering beams of charged particles in ion mobility spectrometry and time-

128 When charged particles in periodic lattices are subjected to

129 Charged particles in the aerosol are drawn through the a

130 cilitates efficient focusing and transfer of charged particles in the higher-pressure regions (e.g.,

131 Nevertheless, the characteristics of charged particles in the Jovian cusps resemble terrestri

132 tar surface is reprocessed by scattering off charged particles in the magnetosphere.

133 der of surface charges is due to the lack of charged particles in the plasma near the target, which a

134 the primary mechanism to produce high-energy charged particles in the Universe, where charged particl

135 We demonstrate that the charged particles in this quantum tunnelling system are

136 d primary beam that can consist of X-rays or charged particles in two different analytical setups.

137 environment consists of multiple species of charged particles, including (28)Si ions, that may impac

138 ur findings (i) advance our understanding of charged particle-induced cognitive challenges, (ii) prov

139 s every 2 months) to re-align the Low-Energy Charged Particle instrument on board Voyager 1 so that i

140 dendritic morphology observed after low dose charged particle irradiation by providing accurate descr

141 Charged-particle irradiation constitutes an alternative

142 coherent Cerenkov radiation due to a moving charged particle is associated with a velocity threshold

143 known that the electrophoretic velocity of a charged particle is independent of its size under the th

144 Coherent emission of light by free charged particles is believed to be successfully capture

145 The charge in this novel class of bulk-charged particles is stable and permanent, especially wh

146 The mobility distribution of these charged particles is then measured in air in a different

147 nergy transfer (LET) IR (such as high energy charged particles) killing more cells at the same dose a

148 nd that the converse can be true: positively charged particles may attract whereas negatives repel.

149 present study, using the Columbia University charged particle microbeam, we found that mitochondrial

150 Using a precision charged particle microbeam, we show here that irradiatio

151 A charged-particle microbeam was used, allowing irradiatio

152 the effects of single alpha particles uses a charged-particle microbeam, which irradiates individual

153 As well as charged particle microbeams, X-ray microprobes have been

154 This effect occurs when a fast charged particle moves in the vicinity of and parallel t

155 t describes electromagnetic radiation from a charged particle moving in a medium with a uniform veloc

156 In the Cherenkov effect a charged particle moving with a velocity faster than the

157 phenomena depends on a precise knowledge of charged particle nuclear reactions that occur at very lo

158 res >20 keV, sufficient to induce measurable charged particle nuclear reactions.

159 ere intracranially irradiated with X-rays or charged particles of increasing atomic number and linear

160 The impact of the charged particles on the surface produces gaseous ions o

161 ements of energetic (>40 kiloelectron volts) charged particles on Voyager 1 from the interface region

162 ve different surface charges, and positively charged particles only show nonspecific DNA adsorption.

163 ll onerous, since the governing equations of charged particle optics cannot be solved in closed form.

164 gy transfer (LET) radiation from space heavy charged particles or a heavier ion radiotherapy machine

165 atmosphere is exposed to a flow of energetic charged particles or solar radiation.

166 Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) are charged particles, originating from galactic and/or extr

167 n two facts: (1) The equilibrium height of a charged particle over a charged surface depends on the e

168 h a material absorbs the kinetic energy of a charged particle passing through it-one of many properti

169 Global imaging of the magnetospheric charged particle population can be achieved by remote me

170 Charged particle radiation is emitted as a byproduct of

171 O3, produced by the action of ultraviolet or charged-particle radiation on O2, was also not predicted

172 the comparative effectiveness and safety of charged-particle radiation therapy in cancer is needed t

173 In 243 eligible articles, charged-particle radiation therapy was used alone or in

174 Laboratory studies of the interaction of charged-particle radiation with water ice predicted the

175 he model presented has applications within a charged particle radiotherapy optimization framework as

176 occurs in a variety of situations, including charged particle radiotherapy, radiological accidents, a

177 such as thermotherapy, plaque radiotherapy, charged-particle radiotherapy, and local resection.

178 therapy offers 97% tumor control, similar to charged-particle radiotherapy.

179 Charged particles ranging from micro- to nanoscale are d

180 ation-sensitive catheter, optimized to sense charged particle rather than gamma or x-radiation, speci

181 e ionized gas composed of neutral particles, charged particles, reactive species, and electrons.

182 l information such as the energy spectrum of charged particles renders this approach adequate to desc

183 s can attract at long range while positively charged particles repel.

184 onsecutive poly(anion)/poly(cation) pairs of charged particles result in the formation of three-dimen

185 consists of a short one-dimensional chain of charged particles (rRNA antecedent) interacting with a p

186 s, the Nernst-Einstein relation has linked a charged particle's electrophoretic mobility and diffusio

187 Planetary aurorae are formed by energetic charged particles streaming along the planet's magnetic

188 Charged particles subjected to magnetic fields form Land

189 We propose a method for guiding charged particles such as electrons and protons, in vacu

190 Charged particles such as protons and carbon ions are an

191 field of a plasma wake excited by a bunch of charged particles (such as electrons) is used to acceler

192 Our scheme applies to any beams of charged particles, such as protons and ion beams.Vortex

193 Electrically charged particles, such as the electron, are ubiquitous.

194 s is found at saturation coverage due to the charged particle surface resulting in a repulsive intera

195 A key component for the description of charged particle systems is the screening of the Coulomb

196 high linear energy transfer radiation (e.g. charged particles) than by low linear energy transfer X-

197 ake wear produces both positive and negative charged particles that can hold in excess of 30 elementa

198 e electromagnetic field fluctuations and the charged particles that comprise an undamped kinetic Alfv

199 We propose a method of detecting charged particles that decay invisibly after traversing

200 the magnetosphere which accelerate energetic charged particles that hit the upper atmosphere.

201 mixture of ions, electrons, and macroscopic charged particles that is commonly found in space and pl

202 dark-matter signatures involving metastable charged particles that manifest as disappearing tracks.

203 s and identify a new stable configuration of charged particles that we call a quantum droplet.

204 he passage of an ultra-relativistic bunch of charged particles (the drive bunch) through a plasma.

205 is excited by an ultra-relativistic bunch of charged particles (the drive bunch).

206 iously unmeasured populations of neutral and charged particles, the homopause altitude at approximate

207 her focusing or three-dimensional storage of charged particles, the proposed scheme can guide both no

208 plication to the conditioning of accelerated charged-particles, the generation of intense electric an

209 ompared event rates of combined outcomes for charged particle therapy and photon therapy using an int

210 Compared with photon therapy, charged particle therapy could be associated with better

211 Median follow-up for the charged particle therapy group was 38 months (range 5-73

212 Charged particle therapy is generally regarded as cuttin

213 e-free survival was significantly higher for charged particle therapy than for photon therapy (1.93,

214 ival was significantly higher at 5 years for charged particle therapy than for photon therapy (relati

215 06, 0.68-1.67; p=0.79) but it was higher for charged particle therapy than for photon therapy at long

216 e clinical outcomes of patients treated with charged particle therapy with those of individuals recei

217 For this reason, charged particle therapy, widely used in oncology, can b

218 However, charged-particle therapy is limited by the availability

219 cles in asymmetric silicon pores, as well as charged particles through artificial pores and arrays of

220 logic effects consequent to the traversal of charged particles through mammalian cells are explored w

221 izing radiation from high-energy photons and charged particles through mechanisms including radiolumi

222 ol size analyzer allows the removal of small charged particles to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

223 rplanetary space, offering opportunities for charged particles to precipitate to or escape from the p

224 ors, capable of energizing a large number of charged particles to relativistic speeds.

225 hic responses in mice exposed to accelerated charged particles to simulate GCR (GCRsim); males displa

226 elerators (LPAs) are capable of accelerating charged particles to very high energies in very compact

227 ogen-rich converter material followed by two charged particle tracking detectors, mimicking a proton

228 The reconstruction of charged particle trajectories at the Large Hadron Collid

229 For solenoids, to predict charged particle trajectories, accurate values for the m

230 rth's radiation belts consist of high-energy charged particles trapped by Earth's magnetic field.

231 Neutral-particle and charged-particle traps are widely used for studying both

232 aviolet and blue light that is produced by a charged particle traveling through a dielectric medium f

233 Charged particles traveling through matter at speeds lar

234 e (CL) arises from the interaction between a charged particle travelling faster than the phase veloci

235 ean energy deposition per unit distance that charged particles traverse in a medium.

236 rmaceuticals by direct detection of ionizing charged particles via a consumer-grade complementary met

237 r cells have been exposed to low fluences of charged particles, where only a few percent are exposed.

238 The Earth's magnetic field traps charged particles which are transported longitudinally a

239 two-slit interference experiment with highly charged particles which argues that the consistency of e

240 s can lead to correlated motions of multiple charged particles, which can induce important many-body

241 pivotal role in controlling the movement of charged particles, which is essential for understanding

242 d to funnel most of the associated impinging charged particles, which radiolytically alter surface ch

243 Neutrally charged particles with a diameter <200 nm undergo more r

244 ), achieving real-time spectral detection of charged particles with single-particle sensitivity.

245 residue and other poorly focused neutral or charged particles with very high mass-to-charge ratios.

246 ortant challenge has been to explain how the charged particles within these belts are accelerated to