ライフサイエンスコーパス: circular DNA

1 y of these concatenated sequences into large circular DNA.

2 dR dissociation from linear DNA but not from circular DNA.

3 at it plays a crucial role in the binding of circular DNA.

4 genomes remain episomal, either as linear or circular DNA.

5 g, HBeAg, and intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA.

6 t end products; duplex linear DNA or relaxed circular DNA.

7 e capable of opening and unloading PCNA from circular DNA.

8 bis-intercalating antibiotic, on linear and circular DNA.

9 ends in the DNA backbone for both linear and circular DNA.

10 hibited by 1 microg RNA or covalently closed circular DNA.

11 arch for the minimum energy configuration of circular DNA.

12 demonstrates that the NR-element represents circular DNA.

13 isplace Smc2/4 prebound to a labeled, nicked-circular DNA.

14 ation more significantly for linear DNA than circular DNA.

15 ontributions during the synthesis of relaxed circular DNA.

16 es underwent massive accumulation to >95% of circular DNA.

17 otide fragment annealed to a single-stranded circular DNA.

18 rcularized plus-strand DNA generates relaxed circular DNA.

19 esence of E. coli topoisomerase I and closed circular DNA.

20 sence of transcription-induced stresses in a circular DNA.

21 nally includes loss of HBV covalently closed circular DNA.

22 y removing all DNA species other than closed circular DNA.

23 eins, replicative DNA, and covalently closed circular DNA.

24 r, 1-long-terminal-repeat (1-LTR), and 2-LTR circular DNAs.

25 e torsional rigidities of weakly supercoiled circular DNAs.

26 fication method that exponentially amplifies circular DNAs.

27 ly acquired and undescribed extrachromosomal circular DNAs.

28 to double-stranded nicked or single-stranded circular DNAs.

29 ease in the level of the full-length relaxed circular DNA, a 4- to 5-fold decrease in the plus-strand

30 To make relaxed circular DNA, a template switch is necessary for the RNA

31 on of site-specific labels in long linear or circular DNA allows unambiguous identification of variou

32 ion is due to a less rapid covalently closed circular DNA amplification, leading to lower viremias an

33 The analytical platform includes a circular DNA and a structurally tailored hairpin structu

34 Here, we investigate circular DNA and DNA/RNA hybrid GAGA sequence oligonucle

35 l cure are the presence of covalently closed circular DNA and ineffective/exhaustive immune system.

36 ions increases slowly with concentration for circular DNA and more rapidly for linear DNA, but more s

37 al connection between the occurrence of this circular DNA and subtelomeric recombination events in T.

38 ion (CSR), including extrachromosomal switch circular DNAs and circle transcripts generated by direct

39 using plasmid DNA, relaxed covalently closed circular DNA, and linear duplex DNA as substrates.

40 pressions include: linear, sheared, bent and circular DNA, and models of the nucleosome superhelix, c

41 oir (circular covalently closed DNA, relaxed circular DNA, and pregenomic RNA: 5.6, 2.4, and 1.1 copi

42 rements on sufficiently small (< or =247 bp) circular DNAs, and values in the range C = 300-450 fJ fm

43 ds; (iii) loading mthPCNA onto singly nicked circular DNA; and (iv) supporting mthPolB-catalyzed PCNA

44 d onto freely diffusing, single-stranded M13 circular DNA annealed with fluorescently labeled DNA oli

45 lently closed circular (CCC) and nicked open circular DNA are not substrates for the enzyme.

46 Moreover, we find that extrachromosomal circular DNAs are an unanticipated major source of somat

47 HXT6 HXT6/7 HXT7 amplifications, suggesting circular DNAs are intermediates in chromosomal amplifica

48 We also demonstrate that circular DNAs are transcribed in Oxytricha, producing re

49 of the linking number between the strands of circular DNA at different temperatures.

50 Gokushoviruses are single-stranded, circular DNA bacteriophages found in metagenomic dataset

51 Whereas circular DNA became associated with nucleosomes that wer

52 educe the fractions of knotted and catenated circular DNA below thermodynamic equilibrium values.

53 used with different DNA sequences, linear or circular DNA, bulk genomic DNA, recombinant or native Dr

54 ets EcoKI HsdR during dsDNA translocation on circular DNA but not on linear DNA.

55 gyrase introduces negative supercoiling into circular DNA by catalyzing the passage of one DNA segmen

56 oscopy to image the compaction of linear and circular DNA by the yeast mitochondrial protein Abf2p, w

57 which was isolated in linear (DNA(L222)) and circular (DNA(C222)) forms.

58 Circular DNA can arise from all parts of eukaryotic chro

59 only linear and supercoiled DNA, not nicked-circular DNA, can completely displace Smc2/4 prebound to

60 Larger circular DNAs cannot be moved into bacterial cells, but

61 e intermediates, including covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and Dane particles, were detected

62 At the same time, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and viral mRNA levels both decline

63 ve intermediates including covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) are present.

64 nt does not affect initial covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) conversion but inhibits the synthe

65 eradication of the stable covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) form of the viral genome, which is

66 bly, capsid uncoating, and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) formation.

67 Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) forms the basis for replication an

68 ally identifies methylated covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in human liver tissue.

69 ies in the accumulation of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in nuclei of infected cells.

70 sequently converted into a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the host cell nucleus.

71 of an intranuclear pool of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the liver.

72 biogenesis.IMPORTANCE The covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the persistent form of the hepa

73 ubgenomic RNA from the HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome, both in cultured c

74 nal template, a long-lived covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) molecule, is degraded noncytolytic

75 Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of hepadnaviruses exists as an epi

76 Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is form

77 HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) plays an essential role in HBV per

78 of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) requires the removal of the covale

79 the nuclear pool of viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) transcriptional template of HBV, w

80 both encapsidated DNA and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) were turned over independently of

81 e hepatitis B virus (HBV), covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), has been difficult to study in pa

82 stable minichromosome, the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), in the nucleus of infected hepato

83 transcriptional template, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), is long lived in infected hepatoc

84 does not directly affect nuclear HBV closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the genomic form that templates v

85 Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the nuclear form of hepatitis B v

86 ation and formation of new covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the viral transcriptional templat

87 surrogates of silencing of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), to characterize this dissociation

88 te or inactivate the viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which is a stable episomal form o

89 formation of hepadnavirus covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA).

90 levels of intrahepatic WHV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA).

91 atment from the stable HBV covalently-closed-circular DNA (cccDNA).

92 replication, including the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA).

93 of episomal viral genomes [covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA)] in the nuclei of infected cells.

94 d HBV DNA (which resembles covalently closed circular DNA [cccDNA]).

95 ficantly higher amounts of covalently closed circular DNA compared with wild-type HBV replicating cel

96 lerate the rate of conversion of a linear to circular DNA, compared to extracts from resting cells.

97 associated primarily with covalently closed circular DNA, consistent with this structure being the t

98 Closed circular DNA constructs containing a single TG at a defi

99 cell and molecular biology, double-stranded circular DNA constructs, known as plasmids, are extensiv

100 Circular DNA containing a selectable marker replicates a

101 e have exploited the observation that closed-circular DNA containing an inverted repeat can release t

102 this selection can be transplanted to other circular DNA contexts and retain transcriptional activit

103 on of the repeating sequence compared to the circular DNA controls.

104 Detection and quantitation of 2-LTR circular DNA correlated strongly with viral outgrowth pa

105 found that although viral covalently closed circular DNA declined 20- to 100-fold, integrated viral

106 fied their bona fide circular topology using circular DNA deep-sequencing, 2D gel electrophoresis and

107 by the repair of lesion-bearing HBV relaxed circular DNA delivered by the virions to hepatocytes.

108 Circular DNA, derived from lymphocytes of juvenile chann

109 nclusion of a vast excess of non-radioactive circular DNA did not disrupt binding to radioactive f394

110 motherapeutic clearance of covalently closed circular DNA did not involve the replacement of the infe

111 attached to an Ab; thus, in the presence of circular DNA, DNA polymerase, and nucleotides, amplifica

112 AG)n and (CTG)n extrusions in relaxed closed circular DNA do in fact support MutSbeta-, replication f

113 NAs, Cas9 protein and a long-single-stranded-circular DNA donor vector (lsscDNA, 6.7 kb) containing t

114 ue of Molecular Cell, Gerhold et al. find no circular DNA during mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replicatio

115 Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) facilitates adaptive evolution by

116 Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is both a driver of eukaryotic gen

117 Interest in extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) molecules has increased recently b

118 palmeri: a massive, ~400-kb extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) that harbors the 5-ENOYLPYRUVYLSHI

119 ation mechanism and a large extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) that is tethered to the chromosome

120 Examples of extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) are found in many organisms, but

121 Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) have been reported in most eukar

122 found on highly rearranged, extrachromosomal circular DNA (ecDNA).

123 In addition, hundreds of circular DNA elements that do not encode any discernable

124 The DNase was able to digest circular DNA (endonuclease), required both Ca(2+) and Mg

125 e detected eccDNAs were also associated with circular DNA enrichment efficiency.

126 x does not assemble beta onto relaxed closed circular DNA even at low ionic strength.

127 ain neurons, we detected an extrachromosomal circular DNA event.

128 out amplification by using covalently closed circular DNA extracted from the liver of an infected woo

129 Both linear and circular DNA fibers with one to four copies of the chlor

130 , taurocholate uptake, HBV covalently closed circular DNA formation, and expression of all HBV marker

131 types resulting from topoisomerase action on circular DNA forming a particular knot type.

132 performed that amplifies a product only from circular DNA forms that could represent transposition in

133 ly of a histone octamer onto a 192-base pair circular DNA fragment from Caenorhabditis elegans and de

134 We previously showed that both linear and circular DNA fragments containing the 2-LTR palindrome j

135 Transfection with circular DNA from a TTSuV2 deletion mutant did not produ

136 eplication by clearance of covalently closed circular DNA from infected hepatocytes.

137 haeota Virus 1 (NAV1), consists of a 35.6-kb circular DNA genome coding for 52 proteins.

138 ication products most effectively, including circular DNA genome intermediates.

139 During infection, the circular DNA genome of HPV persists within the nucleus,

140 r organelle) contains an approximately 35-kb circular DNA genome of unusually high A/T content (>86%)

141 The synthesis of the hepadnavirus relaxed circular DNA genome requires two template switches, prim

142 ate, termed pregenomic RNA, into the relaxed circular DNA genome, which is subsequently converted int

143 Circular DNA genomes distantly related to the plant-infe

144 Multiple small circular DNA genomes encoding replicase proteins plus tw

145 ful replication and segregation of the first circular DNA genomes in precellular ancestors of Gram-ne

146 The circular DNA genomes of PyVs are readily detectable usin

147 re lytic bacteriophages with single-stranded circular DNA genomes, showed high substitution rates (>1

148 d reduction in polymerase activity on primed circular DNA, had dramatically reduced processivity, and

149 duces two smaller DNA circles when acting on circular DNA harboring two recombination sites in head-t

150 removal of undesired linear DNA when nicked circular DNA has been enzymatically prepared from superc

151 nd genome-wide frequency of extrachromosomal circular DNA have not yet been profiled extensively.

152 y target hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA (HBV cccDNA), the episomal form of the viru

153 r; transfer of SRV provirus and unintegrated circular DNA in blood from the nonviremic donor did not

154 nd, which would nevertheless preserve closed circular DNA in either single-stranded (SS) or double-st

155 generate a small amount of covalently closed circular DNA in LMH cells, a chicken hepatoma cell line

156 o describe the landscape of extrachromosomal circular DNA in neuroblastoma, a tumor arising in childh

157 analyze HIV-1 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circular DNA in PBMC, which indicates new HIV-1 infectio

158 We profiled circular DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations sam

159 Circular DNA in the gyrB mutants was more relaxed than i

160 In this study we describe the presence of circular DNA in the nucleus of Trypanosoma brucei.

161 fic PCR assays and (i) finding WHVNY relaxed circular DNA in the serum samples collected from all sup

162 or permanently silence the covalently closed circular DNA in those cells, and that will stimulate HBV

163 ates the formation of nucleosomes on relaxed circular DNA in vitro.

164 esence of DNA nicks, and can occur on closed-circular DNAs in the absence of topoisomerases.

165 input ratio) in supercoiling relaxed, closed circular DNA, in inducing ligase-mediated circularisatio

166 ntermediates were not observed, but abundant circular DNA indicated transposon "suicide" by auto-inte

167 ynthesis but a reduction in the formation of circular DNA, indicating a block after reverse transcrip

168 dence that the duplication was mediated by a circular DNA intermediate.

169 The presence of circular DNA intermediates, a hallmark of active class s

170 himeric circularization and reintegration of circular DNA into the linear genome.

171 from certain mutant yeast strains shows that circular DNA introns exist and are produced by reverse t

172 y of RecG but not for RuvAB, whereas relaxed circular DNA is a poor cofactor for RecG but an excellen

173 does not turnover and additional cleavage of circular DNA is not observed by inclusion of RecBCD, a h

174 We found that unknotted circular DNA is not the most probable state beyond small

175 When circular DNA is used as template in pWGA, 10(8)-fold of

176 ranscriptional template or covalently closed circular DNA level.

177 Viral antigens and covalently closed circular DNA levels in liver samples were significantly

178 The high efficiency of pWGA in amplifying circular DNA makes it a potential tool in diagnosis and

179 tens of thousands of short extrachromosomal circular DNAs (microDNA) in mouse tissues as well as mou

180 The genome of Streptococcus sanguinis is a circular DNA molecule consisting of 2,388,435 bp and is

181 The Escherichia coli chromosome is a circular DNA molecule that is approximately 1000 times c

182 entified a self-propagating extrachromosomal circular DNA molecule that results from intrachromosomal

183 sion), and illegitimate recombination of any circular DNA molecule with an origin-flanking palindrome

184 l fluorescent particles distributed around a circular DNA molecule, given their three-dimensional tra

185 ate produced from a stable covalently closed circular DNA molecule.

186 ncrease in alignment upon linearization of a circular DNA molecule.

187 Here, we captured rearrangement-specific circular DNA molecules across the genome to gain insight

188 Circular DNA molecules are then further enriched by rand

189 r 200 guide RNAs (gRNAs) that are encoded in circular DNA molecules called minicircles.

190 Site-specific recombination on supercoiled circular DNA molecules can yield a variety of knots and

191 We have isolated covalently closed circular DNA molecules carrying hybrid pilin loci, but p

192 t with a model for DNA condensation in which circular DNA molecules fold several times into progressi

193 formation of H-NS nucleoprotein complexes on circular DNA molecules having different arrangements of

194 foreign, single-stranded, covalently closed, circular DNA molecules identical in length to the phi X1

195 telomerator is designed to inducibly convert circular DNA molecules into mitotically stable, linear c

196 ed of thousands of topologically interlocked circular DNA molecules that form the kinetoplast DNA (kD

197 We have shown that circular DNA molecules up to 250 kb can be efficiently a

198 Linear and circular DNA molecules were photochemically immobilized

199 synapsis, which we investigate using nicked-circular DNA molecules.

200 ay be applicable to the replication of other circular DNA molecules.

201 ents to double-sided adapters to form closed-circular DNA molecules.

202 esin stimulates intermolecular catenation of circular DNA molecules.

203 Bacterial chromosomes are most often circular DNA molecules.

204 s-mtDNA did not reveal detectable amounts of circular DNA molecules.

205 mmalian mitochondria contain several 16.5 kb circular DNAs (mtDNA) encoding electron transport chain

206 Interlocked circular DNA nanostructures, e.g., catenanes or rotaxane

207 ed on self-assembled pH-sensitive continuous circular DNA nanoswitch for miRNA-21 detection.

208 synthesis but did not allow formation of the circular DNAs normally found in the nucleus.

209 opoisomerase I (top1) can linearize the open circular DNA of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV).

210 understand biopackaging, such as observed in circular DNA of viruses or genome folding.

211 he kinetics of accumulation of serum relaxed circular DNA of WHV demonstrated that the virions produc

212 e cure (ie, eradication of covalently closed circular DNA) of CHB, several challenges in basic resear

213 In conclusion, the heterogeneity of circular DNA offers flexibility in adaptation, but this

214 enzymatic substrate abilities of a series of circular DNA oligonucleotides that are entirely composed

215 31-nucleotide fragments from single-stranded circular DNA only in the presence of the S. cerevisiae s

216 no effect on the level of covalently closed circular DNA or HBV transcripts was observed at late tim

217 everse transcription but before formation of circular DNA or proviral DNA.

218 peat sequences to a palindrome at the Ori of circular DNAs or at the termini of circularized linear D

219 iral DNA, but there was almost no detectable circular DNAs or LTR-LTR junction.

220 matids, consists of thousands of interlocked circular DNAs organized into a compact disk structure.

221 ncy of detectable HIV 2-long terminal repeat circular DNA (P=.013) were significantly lower in CD4+ T

222 e a system that will allow the rescue of any circular DNA (plasmid or phage) using an in vitro transp

223 Therefore, the feasibility of using circular DNA plasmids as standards for 16S rRNA gene est

224 Young cells possessed highly diverse circular DNA populations but 94% of the circular DNA wer

225 cally, probably by eliminating their relaxed circular DNA precursors and perhaps by destabilizing the

226 licative intermediate DNA, covalently closed circular DNA, pregenomic RNA, and the percentage of WHV

227 To make relaxed circular DNA, primer translocation must occur, resulting

228 on is initiated predominantly on linear, not circular, DNA, producing multi-genomic branched chromoso

229 site-containing plasmid DNA to two catenated circular DNA products.

230 The product is a 3-kb relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) in which one strand is linked to t

231 allow the synchronized synthesis of relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) and subsequent conversion into cccD

232 demonstrated that deproteinized (DP) relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) existed

233 cDNA is converted from viral genomic relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) through a complex process that invo

234 d by conversion of capsid-associated relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) via unknown mechanisms and exists i

235 he minus strand [(-)strand] of viral relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA), which generates a deproteinated rc

236 apicoplast, whose genome consists of a 35-kb circular DNA related to the plastid DNA of plants.

237 translocation lifetime, which is elevated on circular DNA relative to linear DNA, is important to RA.

238 Thus, extrachromosomal circular DNAs represent a multihit mutagenic process, wi

239 In reactions with nicked circular DNA (RFII), AN and AN/L3 hydrolyzed exonucleoly

240 By utilizing the helicase enzyme, circular DNA samples can be simultaneously screened and

241 olecule containing hundreds of copies of the circular DNA sequence that remain attached to the Ab and

242 o small, independently replicating linear or circular DNA sequences (amplisomes).

243 assays, and topological analyses with closed circular DNA show that the properties of multiprotein AG

244 Solution studies with closed circular DNA show this compound to be a bisintercalating

245 ngly, gel shift assays using both linear and circular DNA showed that PF0610 does bind DNA, at least

246 Although most virions contain relaxed circular DNA, some contain duplex linear DNA.

247 icroDNAs, a family of small extrachromosomal circular DNA species, and tRNA-derived fragments, which

248 based on phage-mid DNA vectors to prepare a circular DNA substrate containing a single-stranded bubb

249 Using a 200-nt primed circular DNA substrate, the combined action of human DNA

250 The partial unwinding of a small-circular-DNA substrate is dependent on the presence of b

251 Using one- and two-site circular DNA substrates we show that CglI does not requi

252 racts, we analyzed correction of mispairs in circular DNA substrates with single defined nicks and me

253 bidirectional replication of double-stranded circular DNA substrates.

254 mp, which can be detected in the presence of circular DNA substrates.

255 perimental systems where various HBV relaxed-circular-DNA substrates are repaired to form cccDNA by b

256 one end of the viral donor substrate into a circular DNA target or into other donors.

257 concerted insertion of the two ODNs into the circular DNA target, here termed full-site integration.

258 on for the rolling circle amplification of a circular DNA template and simultaneous overlap extension

259 rm a long single stranded DNA or RNA using a circular DNA template and special DNA or RNA polymerases

260 is observed on an SSB-coated single-stranded circular DNA template in the presence of the beta/gamma

261 When combined with a circular DNA template with a 5' unpaired flap, these pro

262 longation by bacteriophage T7 RNAP on small, circular DNA templates approximately 100 bp in size.

263 ing random primers and phi29 DNA polymerase, circular DNA templates can be amplified 10,000-fold in a

264 Transcription of closed circular DNA templates in the presence of DNA gyrase is

265 by manipulating the types and ratios of the circular DNA templates.

266 2/4 to plasmid promote a geometric change in circular DNA that can be trapped as knots by type II top

267 tone-DNA interactions were studied on closed circular DNA that was either moderately or positively co

268 By the design of two different circular DNAs that include recognition sites for two dif

269 era pallida exists as a population of small, circular DNAs that, taken individually, are of insuffici

270 Relaxed circular DNA, the major product, is made when the RNA pr

271 and impaired production of covalently closed circular DNA, the template for DHBV gene expression and

272 For both linear DNA and circular DNA, these contributions are much larger than o

273 We utilized a designed 63 nt circular DNA to encode the synthesis of a self-processed

274 4/Mcm6/Mcm7 assemblies can open to load onto circular DNA to initiate unwinding.

275 g as loading sites for the enzyme as relaxed circular DNA treated with DNA gyrase, resulted in the hi

276 The presence of RPA and/or pol/prim restored circular DNA unwinding activity of compromised mutants p

277 g and introducing negative supercoiling into circular DNA using free energy derived from ATP hydrolys

278 (LDA), for selective amplification of closed circular DNA using sequence-specific primers.

279 xtended opposite the single strand form of a circular DNA vector followed by enzymatic ligation and p

280 reak at a specific site in a double-stranded circular DNA vector.

281 , we first constructed exonuclease-resistant circular DNA via simultaneous ligation of oligonucleotid

282 ormed in two different laboratories: a small circular DNA viral genome (ancient caribou feces associa

283 We show that the genetic diversity of small circular DNA viral genomes in various mammals, including

284 A novel circular DNA virus sequence is reported from grapevine.

285 cken anemia virus (CAV) is a single-stranded circular DNA virus that carries 3 genes, the most studie

286 V) is a recently identified single-stranded, circular DNA virus.

287 Polyomaviruses are small circular DNA viruses associated with chronic infections

288 We selectively enriched for the genomes of circular DNA viruses in over 70 animal samples, ranging

289 Anelloviruses are a group of single-stranded circular DNA viruses infecting humans and other animal s

290 Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small circular DNA viruses that cause warts.

291 e metagenomics to identify a family of small circular DNA viruses-named Redondoviridae-associated wit

292 function, even though a stable complex with circular DNA was still observed.

293 urface (HBs) antigens, and covalently closed circular DNA, was observed in HUHEP and HIS-HUHEP mice.

294 erse circular DNA populations but 94% of the circular DNA were lost after ~15 divisions, whereas rDNA

295 s failed to unwind a small origin containing circular DNA whereas replication competent mutants did s

296 he predominant pathway gives rise to relaxed circular DNA, while the other pathway yields duplex line

297 or equilibrium configurations of homogeneous circular DNA with and without bending anisotropy.

298 catenanes with one site in each ring than on circular DNA with two sites, which indicates that the ca

299 ear and weakly strained large (> or =340 bp) circular DNAs yield torsional rigidities in the range C

300 Site-specific recombination on supercoiled circular DNA yields a variety of knotted or catenated pr