ライフサイエンスコーパス: circumcision

1 screening for congenital heart disease, and circumcision.

2 erate new policy statements on neonatal male circumcision.

3 neralized HIV epidemic and low rates of male circumcision.

4 70 HIV-uninfected and 20 HIV+ men undergoing circumcision.

5 18) per million MCs for repair of incomplete circumcision.

6 vaginalis, vaginitis or cervicitis, and male circumcision.

7 31 in the intervention group did not undergo circumcision.

8 , which has always been a close companion to circumcision.

9 ls as well as new studies pertaining to male circumcision.

10 ard practice for preputial disorders remains circumcision.

11 V-infected men resuming sex early after male circumcision.

12 ine percent had full, 1% partial, and 50% no circumcision.

13 t culturally-appropriate way to promote male circumcision.

14 rophylaxis (PrEP) and voluntary medical male circumcision.

15 esting would increase uptake of ART and male circumcision.

16 suppression 1.13 [1.09-1.17], p=0.017; male circumcision 1.26 [1.17-1.35], p=0.029).

17 The median CER of circumcision ($13.78 per disability-adjusted life year [

18 mcision; n=1391) or a control group (delayed circumcision, 1393), and assessed by HIV testing, medica

19 ecreases in condom use occurred in both male circumcision acceptors (-9.2% with all partners and -7.0

20 were observed in both groups (-7.8% in male circumcision acceptors and -6.1% in nonacceptors), mainl

21 estimate that 3.3% (P < 0.0001) of the male circumcision acceptors reduced their engagement in nonma

22 referral for antiretroviral therapy (ART) or circumcision accordingly.

23 (adjIRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.89]) and male circumcision (adjIRR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), and was

24 40 years to those aged 15-19 years) and male circumcision (adjPRR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.47-0.77) and inc

25 ed in a modest increase in the prevalence of circumcision after 2 months.

26 ion (intervention group) and 1709 to undergo circumcision after 24 months (control group).

27 xplanation for the protective effect of male circumcision against HIV-1.

28 severe adverse events occurred in 84 (3.6%) circumcisions; all resolved with treatment.

29 Universal adult male circumcision alone resulted in a 21% incidence reduction

30 Male circumcision also was associated with significant reduct

31 r studies demonstrating reduced HIV risk for circumcision among heterosexual men likely can be genera

32 SM should be included in campaigns promoting circumcision among men in countries of low and middle in

33 ce of risk compensation associated with male circumcision among this cohort of men during 3 years of

34 omedical HIV prevention interventions (e.g., circumcision, anal microbicide) will be tested.

35 on-specific prevention interventions such as circumcision and anal microbicides warrant further study

36 emphasis on the following: scale-up of male circumcision and early ART initiation with outreach test

37 eyond those recommended by WHO, such as male circumcision and emergency obstetric surgery.

38 ailable evidence on the associations between circumcision and HIV and other STIs among MSM.

39 rtive anal sex, the association between male circumcision and HIV was protective but not statisticall

40 ion was used to examine associations between circumcision and HPV detection at each site and in semen

41 fied 23 papers about the association between circumcision and HPV DNA.

42 Reported associations between circumcision and HPV infection in men have been inconsis

43 However, the association between male circumcision and HPV viral load remains unclear.

44 the evidence for an association between male circumcision and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection an

45 itative data describing associations between circumcision and incident or prevalent infection of HIV

46 Circumcision and lower human papillomavirus (HPV) viral

47 k = 3).Neither the association between male circumcision and other STIs (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confi

48 es have reported an association between male circumcision and reduced risk of HIV infection in female

49 also investigated associations between male circumcision and risk of acquisition of HIV and sexually

50 re used as model inputs for traditional male circumcision and scale-up of voluntary medical male circ

51 pidemiologic studies of the relation between circumcision and sexually transmitted infections, it is

52 The relationship between circumcision and the acquisition and clearance of human

53 ccumulating on the public health benefits of circumcision and the endorsement of circumcision from WH

54 regression to evaluate associations between circumcision and the risk of HIV infection among visits

55 , attitudes and practices about medical male circumcision and their understandings of partial efficac

56 HIV prevention efforts such as medical male circumcision and treatment as prevention.

57 ew all evidence on associations between male circumcision and women's health outcomes to benefit wome

58 ications reporting associations between male circumcision and women's health outcomes up to April 11,

59 Synergies between male circumcision and women's health programmes should be exp

60 were randomly assigned to undergo immediate circumcision, and 1140 men were randomly assigned to the

61 s to reduce new HIV infections, such as male circumcision, and on demand creation for early treatment

62 s had a substantial effect on uptake of male circumcision, and should be considered as part of male c

63 ncrease HIV testing rates and voluntary male circumcision, and they can improve other HIV prevention

64 ortant to public health include male medical circumcision, antiretrovirals to prevent mother-to-child

65 Additionally, male circumcision appears to reduce penile cancer and cervica

66 Male circumcision appears to reduce the infection of several

67 ich multiple partnerships and a lack of male circumcision are common.

68 oad infections in the glans was lower in the circumcision arm, compared with the control arm, for HPV

69 ns in the glans at baseline was lower in the circumcision arm, compared with the control arm, for HPV

70 Africa and enhance the effectiveness of male circumcision as an HIV prevention strategy.

71 on, earlier antiretroviral therapy, and male circumcision as the budget allows.

72 haviour change, condom use, and medical male circumcision, as well as expanded use of antiretroviral

73 ts of compensation conditional on undergoing circumcision at 1 of 9 study clinics within 2 months of

74 g a circumcision facility and uptake of male circumcision at 3 months.

75 obicides would provide similar protection to circumcision at the population level despite lower model

76 financial rate of return of up to 14.5% (for circumcisions at age 20).

77 ision is refinanced fastest, after 13 y, for circumcisions at ages 20 to 25.

78 nital factors of the transmitter (i.e., male circumcision, bacterial vaginosis, and use of acyclovir)

79 ounted more) and at older ages (because male circumcision becomes less effective).

80 ex with men and sex workers), including male circumcision, behavioral interventions, and chemoprophyl

81 Modelled interventions (male circumcision, behaviour change communication, early anti

82 nd uptake of antiretroviral therapy and male circumcision between community types.

83 7 at a discount rate of 5% and are lower for circumcisions both at younger ages (because the savings

84 rica, calling for 80% coverage of adult male circumcision by 2016.

85 The prevalence of circumcision by age was compared with data collected dur

86 2 weeks thereafter, for the duration of the circumcision campaign.

87 Circumcision can be recommended for HIV prevention in me

88 h most providers had heard that medical male circumcision can reduce risk of HIV acquisition in men,

89 ere is marked difference in the frequency of circumcision carried out to lower the risk of infection

90 Investments in male circumcision carry a financial rate of return of up to 1

91 28%) of 224 men were circumcised in the male circumcision clinic referral group compared with 137 (48

92 INTRODUCTION: Ritual circumcision complicated by gangrene is a leading cause

93 (intervention arm, 441 subjects) or delayed circumcision (control arm, 399 subjects).

94 eat people living with HIV, and support male circumcision could increase population levels of HIV dia

95 Male circumcision could potentially reduce the risk of HPV tr

96 Male circumcision could provide substantial protection agains

97 However, some data suggest that circumcision could simply be a marker for low-risk behav

98 med, these results suggest that medical male circumcision could substantially reduce incidence of syp

99 e prophylaxis, condom distribution, and male circumcision, could avert a further 150 000 new infectio

100 HIV testing coverage among all participants, circumcision coverage among male participants, antiretro

101 5, 0.42-0.72; women 0.65, 0.54-0.79), as was circumcision coverage among men (vs trading 0.48, 0.42-0

102 Male circumcision coverage increased from 15% in 1999 to 59%

103 3870) to 96% (4526 of 4738; p<0.0001); male circumcision coverage increased from 35% (698 of 2011) t

104 Male circumcision decreases HIV acquisition by 60%, and antir

105 o receive immediate circumcision (n=2474) or circumcision delayed for 24 months (2522).

106 ediate circumcision (intervention; n=474) or circumcision delayed for 24 months (control; n=448).

107 The PrePex circumcision device causes ischemic necrosis of the fore

108 Contrary to findings in males, male circumcision did not affect HSV-2 acquisition among fema

109 ne percent of the men self-selected for male circumcision during the period, and their sociodemograph

110 ng interventions (promoting condom use, male circumcision, early antiretroviral therapy [ART] initiat

111 We modeled microbicide and circumcision efficacy on trials with heterosexuals.

112 trial, 18 men in the control group underwent circumcision elsewhere, and 31 in the intervention group

113 V-negative uncircumcised men were visiting a circumcision facility and uptake of male circumcision at

114 523 (72%) of 734 HIV-negative men visited a circumcision facility, with no difference between groups

115 men, supports further investigation of male circumcision for HIV prevention among MSM.

116 the PLOS Collection "Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention: Improving Quality, Effi

117 We assessed the efficacy of male circumcision for the prevention of herpes simplex virus

118 ges of 15 and 49 years in two trials of male circumcision for the prevention of HIV and other sexuall

119 promotion, antiretroviral therapy, and male circumcision) for key populations and the wider populati

120 Age-specific data on the prevalence of male circumcision from the SDHS and PHIA surveys were used as

121 efits of circumcision and the endorsement of circumcision from WHO, investigators have begun to evalu

122 V incidence was 2.1% (95% CI 1.2-3.0) in the circumcision group and 4.2% (3.0-5.4) in the control gro

123 Male circumcision had a low incidence of AEs overall, especia

124 e interval, 0.22-2.28; k=4) [corrected].Male circumcision had a protective association with HIV in st

125 Our aim was to determine whether male circumcision had a protective effect against HIV infecti

126 Male circumcision has become an important component of HIV pr

127 Risk compensation associated with male circumcision has been a concern for male circumcision sc

128 A lack of male circumcision has been associated with increased risk of

129 Lack of circumcision has been identified as a risk factor for ma

130 Medical male circumcision has been shown to reduce HIV transmission t

131 Male circumcision has received international attention as an

132 Limitations of circumcision have also been explored.

133 an papilloma virus, HIV, and the practice of circumcision have been reassessed.

134 combinations of male condom use, adult male circumcision, HIV testing, and early antiretroviral ther

135 Additional risk factors included traditional circumcision, home birth, tribal scarring, and hepatitis

136 rican countries plan to scale-up infant male circumcision (IMC) for cost-efficient HIV prevention.

137 n blocks of 20, men were assigned to undergo circumcision immediately (intervention) or after 24 mont

138 osis, treatment, viral suppression, and male circumcision in Botswana.

139 Increasing data support the value of male circumcision in geographic areas with high prevalence of

140 We assessed whether circumcision in HIV-infected men would reduce transmissi

141 ethods to assess women's perceptions of male circumcision in Iringa, Tanzania.

142 a from a randomized controlled trial of male circumcision in Kisumu, Kenya, adjusted mean survival ra

143 er, the comparable protective effect of male circumcision in MSM studies conducted before the era of

144 The benefit of circumcision in newborns seems most applicable in the fi

145 Previous reviews investigating the role of circumcision in preventing HIV and other STIs among MSM

146 ed in foreskin samples obtained from medical circumcision in Rakai, Uganda (35 HIV-infected, HSV-2-in

147 ently enrolled in a randomised trial of male circumcision in Rakai, Uganda.

148 ntiretroviral therapy (ART) and medical male circumcision in Rakai, Uganda.

149 rials have demonstrated the efficacy of male circumcision in reducing the incidence of HIV infection

150 INTERPRETATION: Scale-up of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa has public health imp

151 ales: management of varicoceles, the role of circumcision in the acquisition and transmission of sexu

152 vention programs in Africa; the inclusion of circumcision in the health policy of developed countries

153 esting to the effectiveness of clinical male circumcision in the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission

154 omen about the risks and limitations of male circumcision, in addition to the benefits, should be exp

155 ion, studies have reported other benefits of circumcision including protection from certain STIs, inc

156 The percentage of men who underwent circumcision increased by 10 percentage points in the in

157 n levels of ART, viral suppression, and male circumcision increased from baseline in both groups, wit

158 Among male infants, lack of circumcision increased the likelihood of a UTI (summary

159 ged 15-49 years were randomized to immediate circumcision (intervention arm, 441 subjects) or delayed

160 been randomly assigned to undergo immediate circumcision (intervention group) and 1709 to undergo ci

161 fic, religious, and cultural aspects of male circumcision (intervention group), or standard outreach

162 randomisation sequence to receive immediate circumcision (intervention; n=474) or circumcision delay

163 Male circumcision is a primary HIV-1 prevention intervention

164 Male circumcision is being widely deployed as an HIV preventi

165 Condom use after male circumcision is essential for HIV prevention.

166 We found evidence that circumcision is likely to protect MSM from HIV infection

167 The cost of a male circumcision is refinanced fastest, after 13 y, for circ

168 age of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and male circumcision is unknown.

169 duction in the transmission of HIV linked to circumcision, leading professional organizations to gene

170 Circumcision may be protective against HPV infection of

171 Male circumcision may lower men's risk of human papillomaviru

172 Circumcision may protect against HPV-associated disease

173 A randomized trial of voluntary medical male circumcision (MC) of HIV-infected men reported increased

174 andomized trials have demonstrated that male circumcision (MC) reduces heterosexual acquisition of HI

175 erent intervention models for promoting male circumcision (MC) to prevent HIV transmission in Western

176 tudy of 221 HIV-infected men undergoing male circumcision (MC) was conducted in Rakai, Uganda.

177 y be at an increased risk of HSV-2 from male circumcision (MC) wounds.

178 Approximately 1.4 million male circumcisions (MCs) are performed annually in US medical

179 Circumcision might also protect MSM from HSV and penile

180 imated the 72-month efficacy of medical male circumcision (MMC) against herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2

181 Medical male circumcision (MMC) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are

182 cost by increasing coverage of medical male circumcision (MMC) and antiretroviral treatment (ART) at

183 were randomly assigned to receive immediate circumcision (n=2474) or circumcision delayed for 24 mon

184 randomly assigned to an intervention group (circumcision; n=1391) or a control group (delayed circum

185 One circumcision of a young man up to age 20 prevents on ave

186 Circumcision of HIV-infected men did not reduce HIV tran

187 Circumcision of men in this population did not reduce th

188 In women, circumcision of their male partners was associated with

189 the limited/partial protection medical male circumcision offers.

190 ur aim was to investigate the effect of male circumcision on HIV incidence in men.

191 demonstrating the protective effects of male circumcision on HIV infection, studies have reported oth

192 xual men are needed to clarify the effect of circumcision on male-to-male transmission of HIV and oth

193 We examined the effect of male circumcision on the acquisition of 3 nonulcerative sexua

194 ere enrolled and randomized 1:1 to immediate circumcision or control.

195 to the number of vaccinations received, sex, circumcision, or adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) serostatus.

196 All villages received the standard male circumcision outreach activities provided by the Ministr

197 imity (<60 km) and the time that a free male circumcision outreach campaign from the Tanzanian Minist

198 ctors (partner plasma viral load, STIs, male circumcision, pregnancy) were integrated with the SBS, g

199 There was a steep increase in circumcision prevalence between 2001/02 and 2007/08 in t

200 to be circumcised leading to an increase in circumcision prevalence from 3.1% to 6.9%.

201 of providers' understandings of medical male circumcision prior to roll-out, and can be used to compa

202 on, and should be considered as part of male circumcision programmes in other sub-Saharan African cou

203 In South Africa, medical male circumcision programs were rolled-out in 2010.

204 ty and cost of implementation of large-scale circumcision programs.

205 dence was found for five outcomes, with male circumcision protecting against cervical cancer, cervica

206 dium-consistency evidence was found for male circumcision protecting against human papillomavirus and

207 MSM revealed insufficient evidence that male circumcision protects against HIV infection or other STI

208 participating in a randomized trial of male circumcision provided exfoliated penile cells from 2 ana

209 Less is known about whether male circumcision provides protection against HIV infection a

210 ural strategies have made a difference--male circumcision provides substantial protection from sexual

211 ctions (STIs), there is little evidence that circumcision provides women with direct protection again

212 nd treatment, without changing condom use or circumcision rates, resulted in an 89% reduction in HIV

213 Male circumcision reduced HIV incidence in men without behavi

214 Male circumcision reduces acquisition of herpes simplex virus

215 PC further support anaerobes involvement as circumcision reduces anaerobe colonisation on the glans

216 We assessed whether male circumcision reduces HSV-2 infection among female partne

217 Male circumcision reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

218 Male circumcision reduces men's risk of acquiring HIV and som

219 nd meta-analyses have demonstrated that male circumcision reduces men's risk of contracting human imm

220 Male circumcision reduces the incidence of multiple HR-HPV in

221 Randomised trials show that male circumcision reduces the prevalence and incidence of hig

222 While male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male HIV tran

223 and observational studies suggest that male circumcision reduces the risk of HIV acquisition in men.

224 7% reduction), which is consistent with male circumcision scale-up and higher levels of female antire

225 ale circumcision has been a concern for male circumcision scale-up programs.

226 programmes need to provide greater access to circumcision services and the design and implementation

227 appropriate, voluntary, safe, and affordable circumcision services should be integrated with other HI

228 In 2009 to 2011 the availability of circumcision services was negligible, but by 2012 to 201

229 roviral therapy (ART), and strengthened male circumcision services, and 15 received standard of care.

230 standard care), and increased access to male circumcision services.

231 iodemographic factors, sexual behavior, male circumcision, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy

232 Our findings indicate that male circumcision should now be accepted as an efficacious in

233 s for newborns, especially those who perform circumcisions, should provide nonbiased, up-to-date info

234 reasing the incidence of HIV infection, male circumcision significantly reduced the incidence of HSV-

235 Male circumcision significantly reduced the incidence of huma

236 Male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of HIV acqui

237 herpes simplex virus 2 serostatus, and male circumcision status among HESN participants.

238 individually or combined, did not differ by circumcision status as a time-dependent variable or a fi

239 In this population, self-report of circumcision status did not result in accurate informati

240 Vaccine effect differed by baseline Ad5 or circumcision status during first 18 months, but neither

241 Circumcision status was assessed by the study clinician.

242 syphilis serology testing was done and male circumcision status was assessed.

243 Circumcision status was recorded as complete (glans peni

244 Controlling for subsequent circumcision status, baseline herpes simplex virus type

245 re were no differences in HPV acquisition by circumcision status.

246 t, scrotum, semen, and urine was compared by circumcision status.

247 s, it is necessary to rely on self-report of circumcision status.

248 tus within married or cohabiting unions, and circumcision status.

249 consider collaboration with traditional male circumcision (TMC) providers when planning for VMMC, the

250 Accumulating evidence shows circumcision to be protective against acquisition and tr

251 8-24 years enrolled in a randomized trial of circumcision to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HI

252 e expanding access to voluntary medical male circumcision to reduce HIV prevalence.

253 We assessed the efficacy of male circumcision to reduce prevalence and incidence of high-

254 penis were collected from men enrolled in a circumcision trial in Kisumu, Kenya.

255 ative couples followed for 2 years in a male circumcision trial in Rakai, Uganda, using the Roche HPV

256 209 HIV-positive couples enrolled in a male circumcision trial in Rakai, Uganda, using the Roche Lin

257 ata collected during 2007-2011 on 2,137 male circumcision trial participants who were uncircumcised a

258 A case-control analysis nested within a male circumcision trial was conducted.

259 s randomly selected from participants in the circumcision trial.

260 ntiretroviral therapy, as in the recent male circumcision trials of heterosexual African men, support

261 ported use of ART, participant-reported male circumcision, viral-load suppression, and sexual behavio

262 demand generation for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) among 15-29 year-old males in Zambia

263 teps for cascades for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) and for partner reduction or condom

264 The efficacy of voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention in men was demons

265 how the importance of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in generalized epidemics.

266 ncrease the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in sub-Saharan Africa and enhance th

267 Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is capable of reducing the risk of s

268 ries participating in voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) scale-up have adopted most of six el

269 wards the adoption of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC).

270 ision and scale-up of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC).

271 The prevalence of male circumcision was 40.6%, and age-specific prevalence had

272 tive at enrollment, the protective effect of circumcision was 60% (32-77).

273 Uptake of male circumcision was almost two-times higher in men who rece

274 Circumcision was associated with 23% reduced odds of HIV

275 Male circumcision was associated with a 42% reduction in inci

276 There was weak evidence that circumcision was associated with decreased HPV incidence

277 Male circumcision was associated with decreased risk of incid

278 We aimed to assess whether male circumcision was associated with incident syphilis in me

279 Circumcision was associated with reduced odds of herpes

280 Circumcision was associated with substantially reduced H

281 isits by patients with unknown HIV exposure, circumcision was not associated with reduced HIV prevale

282 No behavioural risk compensation after circumcision was observed.

283 ourse; and, in three randomised trials, male circumcision was protective against HIV acquisition amon

284 Circumcision was protective against HIV infection among

285 The effect of circumcision was robust in subgroup analyses and across

286 visits by patients with known HIV exposure, circumcision was significantly associated with lower HIV

287 The effect of circumcision was stronger at the glans/corona (OR, 0.47;

288 ed infection clinics in India, we noted that circumcision was strongly protective against HIV-1 infec

289 was lifetime number of sex partners, whereas circumcision was the most significant determinant for cl

290 , 2.8; 95% CI, 1.9-4.3); and the presence of circumcision was the only finding with an LR of less tha

291 pendent randomised controlled trials of male circumcision, we enrolled HIV-negative men and their fem

292 odds ratios (AORs) for any HPV genotype and circumcision were 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.

293 ales who were not randomized to receive male circumcision were enrolled.

294 The health benefits of male circumcision were generally overstated; many respondents

295 Male circumcision will likely play an important role in HIV/S

296 Studies linking circumcision with reduced PC further support anaerobes i

297 To investigate associations of circumcision with socio-demographic characteristics, rep

298 idence intervals (CI) for the association of circumcision with socio-demographic characteristics, rep

299 Anal microbicides and circumcision would decrease the HIV prevalence at 10 yea

300 ether educating religious leaders about male circumcision would increase uptake in their village.