ライフサイエンスコーパス: cloverleaf

1 uces its secondary structure to a 'truncated cloverleaf'.

2 ermine the crystal structures of both intact cloverleaf-3C and isolated sD-3C complexes at 2.69 angst

3 Cloverleaf acts as a promoter for RNA synthesis and form

4 istent with a model in which the 5'-terminal cloverleaf and 3' NTRs of poliovirus RNA interact via te

5 Binding studies with structure-guided cloverleaf and 3C mutants further clarify the roles of s

6 esidues involved in the interactions between cloverleaf and 3C, explaining earlier virological observ

7 The interaction between cloverleaf and 3CD is mediated by the 3C(pro) domain, ye

8 insight into key functional elements in the cloverleaf and IRES, thereby establishing a base of stru

9 des 102/103, mapping to a region between the cloverleaf and the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) i

10 rved nucleotide (A(103)) located between the cloverleaf and the IRES which is important for replicati

11 located in any of the four stems of the tRNA cloverleaf and usually create a G.C base pair.

12 ich nucleotides and/or structures within the cloverleaf are essential for 2C binding.

13 ly when nearly all of the nucleotides in the cloverleaf are transcribed by indirectly enhancing foldi

14 support the hypothesis that the modern tRNA cloverleaf arose from a single hairpin duplication prior

15 efoxitin-induced nitrocefin test, penicillin cloverleaf assay, and penicillin disk zone edge test.

16 t while the 3D domain does not contribute to cloverleaf binding, the sD sequence and its structural p

17 bdomains of cytoskeletal proteins resemble a cloverleaf, but in talin1, its F1 subdomain and addition

18 contains two highly structured regions, the cloverleaf (CL) and the internal ribosomal entry site (I

19 macrostructural level, AFMs are grouped into cloverleaf clusters, an organizational structure also se

20 s extended on both the 5' and 3' ends of the cloverleaf core, and these extensions get trimmed before

21 Mutations within the cloverleaf destabilized viral RNA in these reactions.

22 '-nontranslated regions were confined to the cloverleaf domain and localized within the region of the

23 with (g(||) > g( ) ~ 2) characteristic of a "cloverleaf" (e.g., d(x)(2)-(y)(2)) odd-electron orbital,

24 These departures from the secondary cloverleaf form call into question the universality of t

25 single particles collected at six different cloverleaf freeway on-ramps in Southern Michigan, using

26 and binding studies of 3C, 3D, and 3CD with cloverleafs from seven different enteroviral species, we

27 The necessary region of the cloverleaf has previously been narrowed to a highly cons

28 poliovirus replicons with the gene order [PV]cloverleaf-[HCV]IRES-Deltacore-R-Luc-[PV]IRES-F-Luc-P2,3

29 sequence and the poliovirus (PV) 5'-terminal cloverleaf in a PV/HCV chimeric virus (containing the HC

30 To examine the role of the cloverleaf in poliovirus replication, we determined how

31 The 5' cloverleaf in poliovirus RNA has a direct role in regula

32 we investigated the role of stem a in the 5' cloverleaf in regulating the stability and replication o

33 terminal stem-loop structure (stem-loop I or cloverleaf) in concert with viral protein 3CD is require

34 quence and its structural pattern govern 3CD-cloverleaf interactions through the 3C domain.

35 Therefore, the 5' cloverleaf is a multifunctional cis-acting replication e

36 conserved sequence, UGUUUU, in stem a of the cloverleaf is altered.

37 tellation, whereby the F0-F1-F2 adopts a new cloverleaf-like arrangement.

38 enterovirus RNA genome contains a conserved cloverleaf-like domain that recruits 3CD and PCBP protei

39 ents a conserved architecture of enteroviral cloverleaf-like domains, including the A40 and Py-Py int

40 Strikingly, it also requires a cloverleaf-like RNA structure located at the other end o

41 sed magnetic vortex states, but the observed cloverleaf-like stray fields indicate the presence of we

42 rotein was unable to efficiently bind to the cloverleaf-like structure (CL) at the 5' end of PV1 RNA,

43 entry site, thereby deleting the 5'-terminal cloverleaf-like structure, or insertion of three nucleot

44 cornaviridae family, the 5'UTR consists of a cloverleaf-like terminus preceding the internal ribosoma

45 The resulting structure revealed a compact cloverleaf morphology stabilized by a long-range tertiar

46 in poliovirus replication, we determined how cloverleaf mutations affected the stability, translation

47 s were obtained from echo planar imaging and cloverleaf navigator sequences every 3 s and 20 ms, resp

48 These results indicate that the 5' cloverleaf normally protects uncapped poliovirus RNA fro

49 that interaction of 2C with the 3'-terminal cloverleaf of negative-strand RNA is facilitated when th

50 The 5'-terminal cloverleaf of poliovirus RNA was required in cis to form

51 Binding of 2C to the 3'-terminal cloverleaf of the negative-strand RNA is greatly affecte

52 mic 5' terminus which partially degraded the cloverleaf (or domain I), an RNA structure required for

53 e readily extends up to the modern tRNA-like cloverleaf passing through an intermediate hairpin havin

54 scopy, we observed an intriguing conductive 'cloverleaf' pattern of six domains emerging from one poi

55 of HCN emission from the infrared-luminous 'Cloverleaf' quasar (at a redshift zeta = 2.5579).

56 We show that 3CD protein also dimerizes on cloverleaf RNA and binds the RNA with higher affinity th

57 ajor determinant for interaction between the cloverleaf RNA and viral 3C protease, which is an essent

58 The viral protein 3CD binds to the cloverleaf RNA but does not interact directly with stem-

59 tease 3C and the viral polymerase 3D) to the cloverleaf RNA dramatically increases the affinity of PC

60 Kinetic analyses indicated that the PCBP-5' cloverleaf RNA interaction was necessary to protect PV m

61 C24A mutation that inhibits PCBP-5'-terminal cloverleaf RNA interactions inhibited the formation and

62 Stem-loop D from the cloverleaf RNA is a highly conserved domain within the 5

63 Enteroviruses use the cloverleaf RNA structure at the 5' end of the genome to

64 A 5'-terminal cloverleaf RNA structure interacts with poly(rC) binding

65 An RNP complex formed around the 5' cloverleaf RNA structure interacts with the poly(A) bind

66 g tetraloop that occurs naturally within the cloverleaf RNA structure of the 5'-UTR of coxsackievirus

67 reactions, using poliovirus negative-strand cloverleaf RNA, led to a decrease in RNA synthesis.

68 y ternary ribonucleoprotein complex with the cloverleaf RNA, resembling the full-length PCBP protein.

69 We report the structure of coxsackievirus cloverleaf RNA-3C(pro) complex, wherein two 3C(pro) mole

70 Enteroviral replication-linked cloverleaf RNAs recruit the viral 3CD protein, a fusion

71 A cloverleaf secondary structure and the concomitant "L"-s

72 here coordinating ribozymes, HS01, assumes a cloverleaf secondary structure closely resembling E18, y

73 ed SL-1 to SL-4), which can be arranged in a cloverleaf secondary structure.

74 All 22 tRNA genes had typical cloverleaf secondary structures, except for trnS1 (AGN)

75 ten deviate substantially from the canonical cloverleaf (secondary) or 'L'-shaped (tertiary) structur

76 ose with the potential to form conventional "cloverleaf" secondary structures, (ii) those with TPsiC

77 omparison between nine homologous 'truncated cloverleaf' secondary structures and on analogies with t

78 Significant departures from the canonical (cloverleaf) secondary structure of transfer (t)RNAs can

79 ging by rapid beam oscillation method with a cloverleaf-shaped trajectory in conjunction with the pai

80 tley-Bixler syndromes, and Kleeblaatschadel (cloverleaf skull) deformity.

81 wherein two 3C(pro) molecules interact with cloverleaf stem-loop D.

82 teract with both the 5'-element known as the cloverleaf structure and the large stem-loop IV RNA of t

83 A cloverleaf structure at the 5' terminus of poliovirus RN

84 ted to tRNA genes, although the typical tRNA cloverleaf structure is not apparent for most SINE conse

85 Many studies have suggested that the modern cloverleaf structure of tRNA may have arisen through dup

86 ionary stage preceding the appearance of the cloverleaf structure of tRNA.

87 generate a standard representation (like the cloverleaf structure of tRNAs) or any layout desired by

88 on of single-stranded regions exposed on the cloverleaf structure offered a valid explanation for the

89 f Mg(2+), the mutated tRNA does not form the cloverleaf structure typical of tRNAs.

90 nce this region is believed to form a stable cloverleaf structure, a number of mutations were constru

91 virus 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), the 5' cloverleaf structure, and the stem-loop IV of the intern

92 Chi-T filters for sequences with a predicted cloverleaf structure.

93 ting three-stemmed structure to form a proto-cloverleaf structure.

94 of late-transcriptional intermediates of the cloverleaf structure.

95 ith six-times-higher affinity than to the 5' cloverleaf structure.

96 sequential melting of the four stems of the cloverleaf structure.

97 hese 14 tRNA genes are a mixture of standard cloverleaf structures and nonstandard structures contain

98 likely to have predicted minimum free energy cloverleaf structures, and Chi-T filters for sequences w

99 s, whereas the penicillin disk zone edge and cloverleaf tests showed sensitivities of 100% but specif

100 rms among the more than one dozen canonical (cloverleaf) tRNAs that have yielded to crystallographic

101 dine or a TPsiC arm) than for the canonical (cloverleaf) tRNAs.

102 Below the melting temperature of the cloverleaf, unmodified yeast tRNAPhe exists in a Mg2+-de

103 ites, such as the characteristic six-domain "cloverleaf" vertices and DW sections with polar disconti

104 ion of the picornaviral genome begins with a cloverleaf which is required for viral replication, due

105 or dihydrouridine (D) loops of the canonical cloverleaf, which are known to confer structural rigidit