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1 eports made for isolated protein lacking the cofactor.
2 hat require double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a cofactor.
3 Almost half of all enzymes utilize a metal cofactor.
4 teins, yet they instead possess a Ca(2+)-PQQ cofactor.
5 with the oxidation of a pyridine nucleotide cofactor.
6 nsity as the knot tightens to secure the SAM cofactor.
7 ystallographically characterized without its cofactor.
8 ition to support the rapid binding of a heme cofactor.
9 on of high stoichiometric amounts of reduced cofactor.
10 s widely required by eukaryotes as an enzyme cofactor.
11 protein, with each subunit containing a heme cofactor.
12 lfide into the trisulfide versus a disulfide cofactor.
13 idase (GAO) contains a Cu(II)-ligand radical cofactor.
14 interactions of a UGT protein with UDP-sugar cofactors.
15 Exact Tests to assess enrichment of TFs and cofactors.
16 utative binding sites of primary factors and cofactors.
17 iggered increases in other PRC2 subunits and cofactors.
18 id side chains, internal water molecules, or cofactors.
19 nery including the DNMTs and their essential cofactors.
20 fected PACN formation to a lower degree than cofactors.
21 agents, molecular oxygen, and no additional cofactors.
22 that engage the ATP phosphates and the metal cofactors.
23 yme machineries with unique metal-containing cofactors.
24 ge-specific DNA shape features and predicted cofactors.
25 ucose and thereby yields the necessary redox cofactors.
26 ting the oxidation of these critical protein cofactors.
27 ctors that act as influenza virus polymerase cofactors.
28 ptibility and show that loss of the negative cofactor 2 complex leads to resistance, not only to the
30 tage of this process resides the active site cofactor, a complex metallocluster organized around a tr
31 tions would be infeasibly slow without metal cofactors, a detailed understanding of how protein struc
32 c cells and prevented CFH from mediating its cofactor activity on MDA-modified surfaces, resulting in
33 d dependency on nuclear transport associated cofactors, altered integration targeting preferences and
35 oteins that a) utilize a molybdenum ion as a cofactor and b) are involved in the biogenesis of fimbri
39 Our results demonstrate that the nuclease cofactor and structural functions of CtIP may depend on
41 FAO superfamily reveals a modular fold with cofactor and substrate-binding domains allowing for dive
42 tional crosstalk between BRCA1-BARD1 and its cofactors and antagonists will illuminate the molecular
43 transcription factors and 37 transcriptional cofactors and chromatin regulator proteins, and represen
44 s single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSBP) cofactors and DNA-binding basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)
47 the critical role of Clf1 and Cwc2 splicing cofactors and specific domains of the Prp8 protein as si
48 lays cooperative kinetics and uses NADH as a cofactor, and its crystal structure at 1.72 angstrom res
49 he binding pattern of AAR with its substrate/cofactor, and suggest a potential aldehyde-transferring
51 binatorial binding of transcription factors, cofactors, and chromatin modifiers spatially segregates
52 nol and the regeneration of the NAD+ and FAD cofactors, and complex III oxidizes ubiquinol back to ub
53 TMs impact PrP interactions with polyanionic cofactors, and highlight PTMs as a major force driving t
54 could accommodate large signaling molecules, cofactors, and substrates remains an outstanding challen
55 mmed instability of the oxidized form of the cofactor appears to be a unifying characteristic of the
57 low reduction potentials of the active site cofactors are optimized for fast elimination of the toxi
58 ic functions, but these structurally diverse cofactors are synthesized by only a subset of bacteria a
59 Here, we show that primase can use metabolic cofactors as initiating substrates, instead of its canon
60 r these results indicate that utilization of cofactors as substrates by primase may influence regulat
61 tro and in vivo and utilizes similar in vivo cofactors as the metazoan maintenance methylase Dnmt1.
62 archives 2314 ChIP-seq tracks of 684 TFs and cofactors assayed across a 117 human cell lines under a
69 ture reveals asymmetric displacements of the cofactor belt sulfurs (S2B or S3A and S5A) with distinct
71 determinants in the MVV Vif are required for cofactor binding and stabilization of the E3 ligase comp
72 s the key determinant of MxB sensitivity and cofactor binding defective HIV-1 capsid mutants P90A (de
73 , it is unclear which residues in the UGT2B7 cofactor binding domain are responsible for the preferen
79 In the present study, the fluorescence-based cofactor-binding assay was adapted to detect binding of
80 we quantify the similarity between proximal cofactor-binding folds and show that they are derived fr
81 trate analogue to occupy both substrate- and cofactor-binding sites of NTMT1, but the bisubstrate ana
83 ological functions including ATP production, cofactor biosyntheses, apoptosis, lipid synthesis, and s
85 inorganic chemistry of the essential metallo-cofactor biosynthesis/maintenance, the transport of a ra
88 requires a reductive activation of the FeMo-cofactor, but the precise structure and atomic compositi
89 commonly associated with the molybdenum-iron cofactor called FeMoco or the M-cluster, and it has been
93 The mechanism by which ATR signals that its cofactor cargo is ready (AdoCbl) or not [cob(II)alamin]
94 me apoenzyme, which, in complex with a hemin cofactor, catalyzes the color change of the sample's sol
95 l, mutational, and biochemical analyses, the cofactor channel and the substrate channel of VvAHGD are
96 nsecutive connection and interruption of the cofactor channel and the substrate channel via the confo
100 The light-triggered rearrangements of the cofactor configuration and eventually the protein confor
106 g of D/N Vif variants to the transcriptional cofactor core binding factor beta (CBFbeta), which is ex
108 usters, representing the precursor to an 8Fe cofactor core, are each coordinated by one His and two C
109 dard bases, some with features that resemble cofactors, could have facilitated that first moment in w
110 ed with the stable confinement of the enzyme/cofactor couple (HBD/NAD(+)) and with a stable and selec
111 aptic vesicle proteins, endo- and exocytosis cofactors, cytoskeleton components, and trafficking prot
113 t metalation of proteins requiring iron as a cofactor demands that such a readily accessible source o
116 s may be explained in part by changes in the cofactor-dependent conformational dynamics of tubulin pr
117 results highlight the dynamic nature of the cofactor during catalysis and provide evidence for parti
119 reducing equivalents at the active-site FeMo-cofactor (FeMo-co), generating a state (denoted E(4)(4H)
120 Fe-S clusters in catalysis include the Fe-Mo cofactor (FeMoco) of nitrogenase and its V and all-Fe va
121 OG-L002, which covalently attach to the LSD1 cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to inhibit de
122 ivalent cation in metazoans and an essential cofactor for ATP, nucleic acids, and countless metabolic
123 We found that Ifit1c acts as a stimulatory cofactor for both Ifit1 and Ifit1b, promoting their tran
124 periments establish scoutRNA as an essential cofactor for Cas12c-catalyzed pre-crRNA maturation.
127 C4b, C3/C5 convertase decay accelerator, and cofactor for factor I-mediated cleavage of C3b and C4b.
130 ng an explanation for why Lis1 is a required cofactor for most cytoplasmic dynein-driven processes in
135 s study identifies Shp1 as the crucial Cdc48 cofactor for signal-induced selective disassembly of a m
137 dysfunction, might be due to its function as cofactor for sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR), the
139 alpha-ketoglutarate, in turn, serves as the cofactor for the epigenetic regulator TET2 to catalyze D
140 acellular alpha-ketoglutarate, an obligatory cofactor for various histone and DNA demethylases involv
141 DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X is an essential cofactor for viral replication but dispensable for cell
144 int, B12 and FA have largely been studied as cofactors for enzymes in the one-carbon (1C) cycle in fa
145 tra Amido Macrocyclic Ligand) can be used as cofactors for incorporation into streptavidin to assembl
151 e enzymes that utilise a carboxy-SAM (cxSAM) cofactor generated from SAM by a cxSAM synthase (CmoA).
152 at GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR 4 (GRF4) and its cofactor GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (GIF1) substantially i
155 ossible contributions of Fe2+ as a ribosomal cofactor have been largely overlooked, despite the ribos
156 d structural rearrangements around the metal cofactors have to be considered when biochemical data of
157 MP and GMP), a vitamin (pyridoxal-5P), and a cofactor (heme) in both the acute and latent stages of i
161 lator, strongly inhibits the initiation with cofactors, hypothetically due to competition for overlap
162 r systems are due to nonessential activating cofactors.IMPORTANCE A factor other than the virus recep
165 nderstanding the electronic structure of the cofactor in all (detectable) states of the enzymatic pro
166 We also investigated the role of the Mg(2+) cofactor in catalysis, analyzing the first crystal struc
171 cule dicarboxylate that acts as an essential cofactor in this process and works in synergy with SDHAF
172 an regulate levels of both mRNAs and NADP(H) cofactors in a manner specified by its location in cells
175 tanding of the essential role of elements as cofactors in biological and pathological processes.
177 tanding of how Six1 cooperates with distinct cofactors in feedforward loops to control lineage-specif
180 due to the redox of either a dissociated FAD cofactor, in the case of AAOx and AOx, or denatured enzy
182 om organic and inorganic compounds and their cofactors, including amino acids, vitamins, oxygen, nitr
183 istent with [4Fe4S] coordination with 60-70% cofactor incorporation, and additionally, we show that,
186 data showed only one halogen remained in the cofactor, indicating that an oxidative carbon-chlorine/f
187 manner distinct from currently known capsid cofactors, influenced by pentamer composition or curvatu
188 amino acids, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, cofactors, inorganic ions, and nucleotides across the mi
189 l the iron coordination geometry when a heme cofactor is allowed to bind to either histidine or cyste
193 ly, we show that, bound to UvrC, the [4Fe4S] cofactor is susceptible to oxidative degradation with ag
197 intracellular adapter proteins talin and its cofactor, kindlin, to the integrin receptors induces int
198 vated complexes dependent on availability of cofactor ligands, BH4 and phenylalanine, respectively.
201 which KIF5B binds poorly, likely because its cofactors, MAP7-family proteins, are slow in populating
202 inability of MaNifB to serve as a source for cofactor maturation upon substitution of histidine-43 wi
203 play an essential role in plants as protein cofactors mediating diverse electron transfer reactions.
204 ed by the nuclear abundance of transcription cofactor, megakaryoblastic leukemia, and protein levels
205 rentiation through direct effects on the HOX cofactor MEIS1, paving the way for clinical trials.
208 r dynamic simulations, here we show that the cofactor NADH is a key player in the GDH regulation proc
210 , and state (solid or liquid), and potential cofactors (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, protoni
211 es with capsid binding to the cellular HIV-1 cofactors Nup153 and CPSF6 that mediate viral nuclear im
214 d that the Med1 Mediator subunit serves as a cofactor of GATA TFs in Drosophila, as shown in mammals.
218 ractive domain 5A (ARID5A/Arid5a) is a known cofactor of transcription factors (TFs) that contributes
219 ework to predict non-classical functions and cofactors of a given HMR, based on ChIP-seq data mining.
220 d robust when taking into account additional cofactors of interest (e.g., age, sex, sleep apnea).
224 nhancers that are enriched for transcription cofactors or mediators in lymphoblasts may benefit EBV g
225 ture of RABV L bound with its phosphoprotein cofactor (P), determined by electron cryo-microscopy at
226 erobimetallic Mn/Fe proteins represent a new cofactor paradigm in bioinorganic chemistry and pose cou
228 tein environment relative to the native CODH cofactor point to a biochemical CO oxidation mechanism t
229 tagenesis of GalA reductases to change their cofactor preference from NADPH towards NADH and demonstr
230 ed here as Drc (ssDNA-binding RNA Polymerase Cofactor), preferentially binds single-stranded DNA, yet
231 1 ENZ-Delta52PRO tetrameric complex with the cofactor product S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (AdoHcy) at 2
232 carrier protein (ACP) is a highly conserved cofactor protein that is required by Type II fatty acid
235 tein 5 (WDR5) binds to MYC and is a critical cofactor required for the recruitment of MYC to its targ
236 amin B(12) and other cobamides are essential cofactors required by many organisms and are synthesized
237 h, and Ebola, possess an essential L-protein cofactor, required to access the N-RNA template and coor
240 extracts spiked with an S-adenosylmethionine cofactor, revealing possible catalysis by an S-adenosylm
242 postulate that ABA4, with additional unknown cofactor(s), is required for, or contributes to, trans-t
243 ucture of RgNanOx in complex with the NAD(+) cofactor showed a protein dimer with a Rossman fold.
244 ion of a stimulus by interactions with other cofactors, showing that TNF has strikingly different eff
245 xcept for identifying the residues that tune cofactor specificity, these engineered variants may also
247 tical overview of discoveries on nitrogenase cofactor structure, function, and activity over the last
248 , the requirement for two different cellular cofactors suggests that these two A3-targeting Vif prote
251 paration to compartmentalize its DNA-binding cofactor TEAD4, coactivators BRD4 and MED1, and the tran
252 indings identify a new +TIP acting as a host cofactor that facilitates early stages of viral infectio
255 y accumulated zinc protoporphyrin IX, a rare cofactor that is not used by natural metalloenzymes.
257 phenotype of 200,000 mutants revealed a new cofactor that may help a group of rod-shaped bacteria el
258 Our findings identify CLASP2 as a new host cofactor that utilizes distinct regulatory domains to bi
259 uestion catalyze redox reactions using metal cofactors that are explicitly intertwined with their fun
260 Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are inorganic cofactors that are present in all kingdoms of life as pa
261 edicting the transcription factors (TFs) and cofactors that drive transcriptomic differences between
263 f nutrients, cobamides (the family of enzyme cofactors that includes vitamin B(12)), is widely used f
264 trol the binding of generic or gene-specific cofactors that regulate CBC activities depending on the
265 ligands may also be nonessential activating cofactors that serve to accelerate receptor-catalyzed vi
268 A-dependent RNA polymerase, and a polymerase cofactor, the phosphoprotein (P), for transcription and
269 transketolase, TK(low), which also binds the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) with an affinity u
270 peptides, four proteins, one amino acid, two cofactors, three polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives,
272 ein-derived cysteine tryptophylquinone (CTQ) cofactor to catalyze conversion of glycine to glyoxylate
273 (GRE) superfamily utilizes a glycyl radical cofactor to catalyze difficult chemical reactions in a v
275 ddition of the sugar moiety from a UDP-sugar cofactor to relatively low-molecular weight lipophilic c
276 inding factor subunit beta as a noncanonical cofactor to stabilize the complex, the maedi-visna virus
279 ctor function of GATAs is modulated by their cofactors to refine the differentiation of neuronal subt
280 hromatin-modifying enzymes require metabolic cofactors to support their catalytic activities, providi
281 camer in its apo-form or loaded with its ATP cofactor, to a 1 MDa capsid-like homo-hexacontamer, we c
282 585) about interest in ApoL1 testing and its cofactors, under 2 scenarios: as a potential living dono
283 ates between N(2) and NH(3), and whether the cofactor undergoes significant rearrangement during turn
284 Here, we assessed the importance of this cofactor using kinetic, crystallographic, and computatio
286 e-light switch, referred to hereafter as the CofActor, we accomplished both light- and energetic/oxid
288 ment of motifs (for repressing vs activating cofactors) were decisive for the gene expression pattern
290 rganic class, metal ion and metal-containing cofactor, which will serve as a valuable, integrative da
291 9)C-(R)-homocitrate] species designated FeMo-cofactor, whose biosynthesis and insertion requires the
292 ool to probe processes of proteins harboring cofactors with electronic transitions in the visible ran
293 s reduced forms NAD(P)/NAD(P)H are all redox cofactors with key roles in energy metabolism and are su
294 ate through transfer of a hydride to the FAD cofactor, with differences observed in substrate specifi
295 ptor complexes formed between substrates and cofactors within protein active sites to facilitate elec
300 show that inactivation of a transcriptional cofactor ZFPM1 in mice results in a developmental failur