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1 n many patients by a reduction in myocardial contractile force.
2 nd purse-string actomyosin networks generate contractile force.
3 eatures, including decreased muscle mass and contractile force.
4 to inhibit phosphatase activity and increase contractile force.
5 ouple action potentials to the generation of contractile force.
6 ely disturb production and/or propagation of contractile force.
7 l fluid dynamics simulations to estimate the contractile force.
8 y FtsZ, FtsA, and ZipA is used to exerting a contractile force.
9 g, skeletal muscles become atrophic and lose contractile force.
10 val of existing cardiomyocytes that generate contractile force.
11 evice support demonstrated a 37% increase in contractile force.
12 verting free energy from ATP hydrolysis into contractile force.
13 ial myocardium was used to assess myocardial contractile force.
14 s of rise of light chain phosphorylation and contractile force.
15 ation, reduced Ca2+ entry, and inhibition of contractile force.
16 stand repeated cycles of actomyosin-mediated contractile force.
17 h intramuscular pressure directly influences contractile force.
18 skeletal changes, collagen-1 production, and contractile force.
19 ltrasonography and ex vivo by measurement of contractile force.
20  insufficient generation of myosin-dependent contractile force.
21 ain cardiomyopathies associated with altered contractile force.
22  where they formed functional NMJs, restored contractile force.
23 esult in profound muscle fatigue and loss of contractile force.
24 were deformed inward by acto-myosin mediated contractile forces.
25 a Notch inhibitor, leads to further enhanced contractile forces.
26 in vivo cardiac morphogenesis independent of contractile forces.
27  3D hydrogel-based matrices against cellular contractile forces.
28 ent in the lung have the ability to generate contractile forces.
29  cells into elastic fibrils and subjected to contractile forces.
30 re spikes of mDia1 activity are triggered by contractile forces.
31 epend little on adhesion bonds and mostly on contractile forces.
32 ng the expression of key genes that activate contractile forces.
33 an age-related increase in mass (12%) and in contractile force (30%) in adult slow twitch soleus musc
34 -activated kinase pathway that amplifies the contractile force, a phenomenon known as Ca(2+) sensitiz
35  caspase 1 also attenuated the depression in contractile force after I/R (from 35% of control to 75.8
36 llular Ca(2+) handling and calcium-activated contractile force after the onset of endotoxemia.
37  also predicts that the cell exerts stronger contractile forces against a stiffer external environmen
38 velocity of action potential propagation and contractile force amplitude compared to patches containi
39 uscle, beta-adrenergic stimulation increases contractile force and accelerates relaxation.
40                                              Contractile force and arrhythmias were recorded in human
41 f quantifying tissue-level functions such as contractile force and be amenable to standard multiwell-
42          The mylpfa mutant had reduced trunk contractile force and complete pectoral fin paralysis, d
43                                     Baseline contractile force and contraction/relaxation kinetics of
44 alpha-toxin-permeabilized strips at pCa 6.7, contractile force and CPI-17 phosphorylation were propor
45 -mediated pressure overload by enhancing its contractile force and developing hypertrophy without dil
46                 Positive correlation between contractile force and GCaMP6-reported calcium responses
47  Cronos titin, but these cells produce lower contractile force and have perturbed myofibril bundling
48 ac myocytes Ca(2+) is a crucial regulator of contractile force and in this review we compare and cont
49 ament reorganization, accompanied by reduced contractile force and increased stiffness of cells.
50               During development, myocardial contractile force and intracardiac hemodynamic shear str
51 nuclear disintegration requires actin-myosin contractile force and lamin proteolysis, making apoptosi
52 ell derived CMs, these cells exhibit reduced contractile force and myofibrillar disarray despite the
53 y with SNP suppressed an increase in Ca(2+), contractile force and phosphorylation of MLC, CPI-17, MY
54  mature length and is required for efficient contractile force and proper heart function during devel
55                 In contrast, ROCK2 regulates contractile force and Rac1 activity at the leading edge
56 filament stiffness and ultimately depressing contractile force and relaxation rate.
57 rt the theory and yield values of fibroblast contractile force and stiffness roughly an order of magn
58 splayed strong punctate centers of uropodial contractile force and strong directional motion on stiff
59 ave immediate, significant effects on muscle contractile force and suggest that forces transmitted to
60 on stick-slip adhesion and the generation of contractile force and suggests new experiments to test t
61 onal analysis indicated considerably reduced contractile force and synchrony in SOD1 myotubes.
62 the dominant negative Cdc42 mutant inhibited contractile force and the increase in actin polymerizati
63               Through modulation of vascular contractile force and vascular compliance dVSMCs regulat
64                                              Contractile force and velocity of cardiac muscle were de
65 terations in contraction properties (such as contractile force and Young's modulus).
66 eractions, which in turn elicit differential contractile forces and adhesions to determine the prefer
67 mechanical circuit that integrates adhesion, contractile forces and biochemical signaling to drive th
68 lation and later decoupling between cellular contractile forces and changes in tissue morphology.
69 ow ingression is sensitive to the balance of contractile forces and cortical tension.
70 nique for simultaneous quantification of the contractile forces and cytosolic calcium dynamics of mus
71 cally simple high-speed method for measuring contractile forces and cytosolic calcium dynamics of sin
72 TPH composites, which resists the fibroblast contractile forces and may, therefore, be able to reduce
73 mpressive struts that resist both actomyosin contractile forces and their own polymerization forces t
74 eased sarcomere component turnover, elevated contractile force, and contractility-dependent cellular
75 eric structure, cell and matrix deformation, contractile force, and electrical conduction.
76 MYPT1 membrane association, RhoA activation, contractile force, and regulatory light chain phosphoryl
77 tractile force, the axon generates 0.6 nN of contractile force, and that the net overall tension gene
78 ed by actin polymerization, myosin dependent contractile forces, and force transmission between the c
79 scle, i.e. transient and drastic increase in contractile force appeared within the decreasing force p
80                        Actin-myosin mediated contractile forces are crucial for many cellular functio
81                                              Contractile forces are essential for many developmental
82 proaches have provided new insights into how contractile forces are generated and coordinated between
83 ing cytokinesis or eukaryotic cell crawling, contractile forces are generated inside the cell to cons
84                                              Contractile forces are implicated in cell polarity and a
85                     Here, we investigate how contractile forces are integrated across the tissue.
86                                              Contractile forces are the end effectors of cell migrati
87 exes and the actinmyosin cytoskeleton, whose contractile forces are transmitted through transcellular
88  This further implicates spatially regulated contractile force as a determinant of epithelial cell pl
89 supported patients and demonstrated improved contractile force at 1-Hz stimulation, with reversal of
90 tained by the generation and organization of contractile forces at the cell and tissue levels.
91 ytokinesis failure resulting from defects in contractile forces at the cleavage furrow.
92 he magnetic bead; and 4), derive the myocyte contractile force base on the maximal displacement of ce
93 ures that anchor thin filaments and transmit contractile force between cardiac myocytes.
94 l linkage systems that connect and transduce contractile forces between muscle fibers and the extrace
95                             Tendons transmit contractile forces between musculoskeletal tissues.
96 this transmission is mediated by coupling of contractile forces between neighboring cells.
97 ograde flow is primarily generated by myosin contractile forces, but when myosin is inhibited, leadin
98 tion of IGF1 and CT1 significantly increased contractile force by 14% to 22%.
99                      Ca2+ desensitization of contractile force by 8-Br-cGMP was attenuated by 50% in
100 ascade in the heart, functioning to modulate contractile force by altering the rate of calcium re-seq
101 mechanism(s) for the Ca2+ desensitization of contractile force by cGMP.
102 activation of P2Y6 enhanced ATP-mediated BSM contractile force by up to 45%, indicating synergistic i
103                          Activating cellular contractile forces by calf serum and disrupting F-actin
104 ely constant force inward, the peak of local contractile forces by CUs scales with rigidity.
105 putational model to explore how cell-exerted contractile forces can tear up the cell-Matrigel composi
106 ximal velocity but a 27% decrease in maximal contractile force compared with nonfailing myocardium.
107 ht chain (MLC) phosphorylation, a marker for contractile force, concomitant with protein kinase C (PK
108 ile force that is opposed by decreased wound contractile forces contributing to the enlarging ear wou
109  engineered heart tissue results in impaired contractile force development.
110 reas CHC depletion in vivo induced a loss of contractile force due to the detachment of sarcomeres fr
111  that traction-mediated protrusive forces or contractile forces due to myosin II are sufficient to in
112 leads to accelerated loss of muscle mass and contractile force during aging.
113 ciated kinase (Rok) is important to generate contractile force during apical constriction.
114 hibit an increased capability of maintaining contractile force during repetitive stimulation in the p
115 utant muscles generate significantly smaller contractile forces during a single twitch and during tet
116 -therapy studies by regulating the amount of contractile force effectively transmitted at the junctio
117 p1-/- mice generated greater agonist-induced contractile force, even after removal of the epithelium.
118                                          The contractile force exerted by the CaMiRi is measured and
119                                       Active contractile forces exerted by eukaryotic cells play sign
120 operties, the major drivers of which are the contractile forces exerted by platelets against the fibr
121                                              Contractile forces exerted on the surrounding extracellu
122 ofibrotic functions, including myofibroblast contractile force, extracellular matrix (ECM) production
123 m data available in the literature, the mean contractile force (Fc) generated by individual dermal fi
124            We propose that laterally opposed contractile forces first enhance contact growth and stab
125                       Cells actively produce contractile forces for a variety of processes including
126 us types of actomyosin bundles that generate contractile forces for biological processes, such as cyt
127 can coordinately amplify both protrusive and contractile forces for optimal cell motility.
128 mechanism of locomotion maximized the use of contractile forces for overcoming friction of the suppor
129 lopment and enhance local integrin-dependent contractile forces for pulling neighboring cells apart.
130 nvolved in generating a coherent cytoplasmic contractile force from one side of the cell to the other
131                        Thus, calculations of contractile force from the drag force are incomplete.
132 al constructs typically calculate an average contractile force from the gross deformation of a macros
133 drogels (Matrigel) that allows us to measure contractile force from the shape of the relaxed and cont
134  in eukaryotic cells have been attributed to contractile forces from the actomyosin ring and the acto
135 e changes and cell movements, powered by the contractile force generated by actin and myosin linked t
136  resulted in a reduction in the overall peak contractile force generated by dermal fibroblasts.
137          During preimplantation development, contractile forces generated at the apical cortex segreg
138                                              Contractile forces generated by chemically skinned singl
139                                              Contractile forces generated by the actin-myosin cytoske
140                                              Contractile forces generated by the actomyosin cytoskele
141  movement and cytokinesis are facilitated by contractile forces generated by the molecular motor, non
142                                          The contractile forces generated by these networks are harne
143 essential to maintain animal cell shape, and contractile forces generated within it by nonmuscle myos
144 oblast differentiation resulted in decreased contractile force generation and attenuated 488-FN incor
145 C phosphorylation abrogated EGF-induced cell contractile force generation and motility.
146  suggest that cell spreading, alignment, and contractile force generation are directly influenced by
147 ofibroblasts and is a primary contributor to contractile force generation by these differentiated cel
148 onstructs, which displayed improved in vitro contractile force generation in response to electrical s
149  (IL-17A), but not IL-17F or IL-22, enhanced contractile force generation of airway smooth muscle thr
150 olling actomyosin assembly and intracellular contractile force generation, a function of equal physio
151 eletal protein expression levels and reduced contractile force generation, as well as a decrease in f
152 re responsible for electrical conduction and contractile force generation, while the other cell types
153 +) sensitivity with no effect on the maximal contractile force generation.
154 e for a major part of EGF-induced fibroblast contractile force generation.
155  and embryological approaches, we identify a contractile force gradient that drives cell movements in
156  are inferior to natural muscles in terms of contractile force, hampering their potential use in prac
157  phosphorylation, followed by a reduction of contractile force having a latency period of about 15 s.
158 vation of VDAC2 by efsevin increased cardiac contractile force in a mouse model of pressure-overload
159  the present study, ECM remodelling improves contractile force in a short time, and a coordinated, co
160                            As a consequence, contractile force in aged Sod1(-/-) muscles is greatly d
161 these peptide antioxidants potently improved contractile force in an ex vivo heart model.
162 cellular calcium is central to regulation of contractile force in cardiac muscle.
163                          Potential roles for contractile force in cell motility include cell-body tra
164  bipoles are likely to produce an unbalanced contractile force in cells and in actin-myosin gels and
165 ERK) activation, myosin phosphorylation, and contractile force in dSMCs.
166 tracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and contractile force in intact ventricular muscle from SHHF
167 rs have previously shown that dATP increases contractile force in normal hearts and models of depress
168 c glycosides are used clinically to increase contractile force in patients with cardiac disorders.
169 transients declined in parallel with tetanic contractile force in single intact fibres.
170 but not other beta-blockers, indeed enhances contractile force in skeletal muscle and this is mediate
171 tabolic cells responsible for generating the contractile force in the heart.
172 intracellular free calcium concentration and contractile force in trabeculae revealed a doubling of C
173 nerated 23% of the total bethanechol-induced contractile force in vitro compared to unoperated contro
174                    Class II myosins generate contractile forces in cells by polymerizing into bipolar
175 es reveal a critical role for NMIIA-mediated contractile forces in maintaining multicellularity durin
176 lamentous actin (F-actin) arrays to generate contractile forces in muscle and nonmuscle cells.
177 ycycline-inducible MyoD, generate detectable contractile forces in response to electrical stimuli upo
178 and growth-cone pauses arises because strong contractile forces in the rear of the growth cone pull m
179 and find that although microtubules modulate contractile forces in vitro, their interactions are not
180 ustained reactive intracellular cytoskeleton contractile force increase in different adherent mechano
181  after contraction, combined with their high contractile forces, indicates that clots may be stiffene
182 19-induced MYPT1 Thr-853 phosphorylation and contractile force, indicating that NO/cGMP/cGKI signalin
183 nous p63RhoGEF in mouse portal vein inhibits contractile force induced by endothelin-1 to a greater e
184 hy and fluid shear stress alter the cellular contractile forces, influence the genetic expression of
185                               Enhancement of contractile force (inotropy) occurs in skeletal muscle f
186 artner dystroglycan distribute intracellular contractile forces into the surrounding extracellular ma
187                 Nonmuscle myosin II produces contractile forces involved in driving actin network tra
188                            Myosin-based cell contractile force is considered to be a critical process
189                                Generation of contractile force is correlated with the expression of a
190 a simplified mechanism for the generation of contractile forces is sufficient to explain periodic lam
191 ere observed during interventions increasing contractile force; isoproterenol or norepinephrine (3.2
192 le, we report a novel single cardiac myocyte contractile force measurement technique based on moving
193  3D-print-molded multiwell plates capable of contractile force measurement.
194                                  [Ca2+]i and contractile force measurements in trabeculae revealed th
195 imaging (Ca(2+) and membrane potential), and contractile force measurements in ventricular myocytes a
196                                              Contractile force-mediated remodeling of ECM fibers has
197 lated anteriorly, suggesting that asymmetric contractile forces might produce different-sized daughte
198         To test these hypotheses, we studied contractile force, mitochondrial function, and mitochond
199 blique extraocular muscle at 2 weeks of age: contractile force, muscle mass, total myofiber area, myo
200                  As well as producing active contractile force, muscles are also passively elastic, w
201 tream of Rho activation, which generates the contractile force necessary to drive disassembly of epit
202 keleton is generally accepted to produce the contractile forces necessary for cellular processes such
203 l sarcomere, whereas the transduction of the contractile force normally associated with the Z-disc is
204 een three mechanical parameters-the cortex's contractile force, nuclear elasticity, and ECM rigidity-
205 al platelets can generate an average maximum contractile force of 29 nN and form adhesions stronger t
206 factor (IGF) have been shown to increase the contractile force of adult heart and skeletal muscles, r
207 d stress-fiber formation while measuring the contractile force of an individual cell.
208 gels pull on and deform their surface with a contractile force of approximately 1 microN, or approxim
209 tood as an acute process that depends on the contractile force of cells.
210 er factors were injected into the orbit, the contractile force of dissected muscles was measured in v
211                      The effect of NO on the contractile force of lateral rectus muscle is greater th
212  Anapoe, a detergent molecule, increases the contractile force of muscle fibers and binds specificall
213      In agreement with previous studies, the contractile force of muscles in wild-type (NCAM(+/+)) mi
214 e flexible post could be used to measure the contractile force of PDL cells in the PTCs.
215 pid, microfluidic approach for measuring the contractile force of platelet aggregates for the detecti
216               Cardiac ventricles provide the contractile force of the beating heart throughout life.
217 ts from G159D-CTnC is expected to weaken the contractile force of the myocardium, whereas the lack of
218  approximately threefold increase in maximum contractile force of the treated muscle at 2 wk compared
219 , for a given amount of InsP3 generated, the contractile force of the uterine artery was significantl
220                             We conclude that contractile forces of a fibroblast are transmitted to th
221 ed by energy from Ca(2+) binding to generate contractile forces of approximately 10 nN.
222 key GPCR that regulates human heart rate and contractile forces of cardiomyocytes, was determined rec
223 s synergistically interacted to increase the contractile forces of CMTs and CTSs with up-regulated tr
224                                              Contractile forces of FDB fibers increase in response to
225 e-dependent growth suggests a model in which contractile forces of the ring shape the septum cell wal
226 semble into bipolar filaments that produce a contractile force on the actin cytoskeleton.
227 ric bipole that generates equal and opposite contractile forces on actin.
228 , cells experience intracellular tensile and contractile forces on microscopic scales.
229 e hypothesis that myofibroblasts exert tonic contractile forces on the cardiomyocytes and affect elec
230           At longer times, fibroblasts exert contractile forces on the dermal tissue, the resulting t
231 e actin bundles infused with myosin to exert contractile forces on the extracellular environment.
232  on which myosin motors can attach and exert contractile forces on the nodes, the attachment being co
233  mainly leader cells, not stalk cells, exert contractile forces on the surrounding matrix.
234                                  Cells exert contractile forces on their matrix and the matrix elasti
235 rocess whereby activated platelets transduce contractile forces onto the fibrin network of a thrombus
236                  As the mice grow older, the contractile force per cross-sectional area further decre
237 pidly moving cells that generate substantial contractile force perpendicular to their direction of lo
238              We propose that local, periodic contractile forces polarize vertex resolution to drive D
239             Here, we show how cell-generated contractile forces produce substantial irreversible chan
240                                   Actomyosin contractile force produced by myosin II molecules that b
241 patient slow fibres produced only 63% of the contractile force produced in control slow fibres and ha
242 n injury in old age and has implications for contractile force production and the rapid execution of
243      Posteriorly positioned myosin-dependent contractile forces pull on cell-cell contacts until cell
244 ximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and evoked contractile force (QT)].
245 ly 25% smaller cross-sectional area, and had contractile force reduced by half or more.
246 the uniaxial stretch and the strength of the contractile forces regulate a gradual transition between
247 l to vertebrate neural tube closure, and the contractile force required for this process is generated
248                                          SMC contractile force requires cyclic interactions between S
249                             We validated the contractile force response of CaMiRi using selected card
250 ound microbubbles and the actin cytoskeleton contractile force responses, we determine that TB-ATC el
251  tissue, tension wood, which exerts a strong contractile force resulting in negative gravitropism of
252 ospasm, we observed significant increases in contractile force, RhoA activation, regulatory light cha
253 007"), significantly reduced agonist-induced contractile force, RLC(20), and myosin light chain phosp
254      This platform represents an open-source contractile force screening system useful for drug scree
255 mbling the fetal state, with a lower maximum contractile force, slower upstroke velocity, and immatur
256 ta 1 (TGF-beta1) induced increases in tissue contractile force, stiffness and expressions of fibrotic
257                                              Contractile force, tension, and calcium responsiveness w
258       Lmod2-null cardiomyocytes produce less contractile force than wild type when plated on micropil
259                 Actomyosin networks generate contractile force that changes cell and tissue shape.
260 ll as total fibronectin, which generates the contractile force that promotes MF differentiation.
261 rsurface of the RPE may impart a substantial contractile force that tears this already-strained tissu
262 tricular PMs of R58Q animals exhibited lower contractile force that was not observed in the fast-twit
263                 The adherent cells generated contractile forces that deform the substrate.
264 ons to the substrate and myosin II-dependent contractile forces that drive cells toward one another.
265 logically plausible rules describing (a) the contractile forces that endothelial cells exert on the E
266          The murine ECTs produced consistent contractile forces that followed the Frank-Starling law
267     We describe a method for quantifying the contractile forces that tumor spheroids collectively exe
268 ppression of RhoA by integrins may alleviate contractile forces that would otherwise impede protrusio
269  rear of the growth cone generates 2.0 nN of contractile force, the axon generates 0.6 nN of contract
270 uired for the production of actomyosin-based contractile forces, the regulation of the structure and
271  but fail to separate, indicating a temporal contractile force threshold for detachment.
272 norhabditis elegans requires transmission of contractile force through a series of mechanical linkage
273  suggests these buckles are evidence of high contractile forces throughout the cytoplasm, and that th
274 igh-density state and generates a sufficient contractile force to achieve division.
275 rine, zinterol, and norepinephrine increased contractile force to approximately the same extent, hast
276  structurally organized while generating the contractile force to divide one cell into two.
277 on is enriched in myosin II, which generates contractile force to support junctional tension.
278 ents and identify sites at which cells apply contractile force to the matrix as they divide.
279 ng enables the cells to polarize and develop contractile forces to break free from the tumor spheroid
280  to fibrin deposited in the matrix and exert contractile forces to cause a narrowing of the lumen.
281 onal force that counteracts tissue-intrinsic contractile forces to create asymmetric tissue movements
282 rs embedded within the actin cortex generate contractile forces to modulate cell shape in essential b
283 f the chirality of the movement, the role of contractile forces to the directionality of the chiral b
284                                              Contractile force transduction by myosin II derives from
285 proteins; this finding implicates defects in contractile-force transmission as one mechanism underlyi
286  organelle, the spasmoneme, generates higher contractile force under increased stall resistances.
287 tic acid (RGD)-containing synthetic peptide, contractile force was depressed significantly by, 28% at
288                  Both perfusion pressure and contractile force were measured in prostaglandin F(2alph
289 lls followed a common trend whereby size and contractile forces were negatively correlated with cell
290 imicking DIs) have been shown to reduce mean contractile force when applied to airway smooth muscle (
291  within collagen gels generated less maximum contractile force when stimulated with endothelin-1, sph
292 oteolytic fragments of denatured collagen on contractile force, whereas experiments with function-blo
293 nd the placode cells to generate centripetal contractile forces, which, in collaboration with polariz
294                    Epithelial cells transmit contractile force with adherens junctions to mediate mor
295 n, and analysis to enable the measurement of contractile force with increased throughput.
296                 A normal heart increases its contractile force with increasing heart rate.
297 ce exhibited the typical biphasic decline in contractile force with repetitive stimuli of hind-limb m
298 examined was the correlation of whole-muscle contractile force with the degree of evoked eye displace
299 phorylation at 20-kDa myosin light chain and contractile force, with a nanomolar concentration requir
300 bout that point in the cell, suggesting that contractile forces within the cell act on the entire cyt

 
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