ライフサイエンスコーパス: cooling rate

1 alues will tend to underestimate the average cooling rate.

2 ergy of the ions and reduces the collisional cooling rate.

3 n garnet for the purpose of constraining the cooling rate.

4 on is controlled by nanoparticle density and cooling rate.

5 gain rate that greatly exceeds the intraband cooling rate.

6 rder against crystal order near the critical cooling rate.

7 a planar-layered organisation at the slower cooling rate.

8 lattice contraction which is invariant with cooling rate.

9 esponding length scales as a function of the cooling rate.

10 ting above the PIT decreased with increasing cooling rate.

11 embly process may be optimized by tuning the cooling rate.

12 ndence of cation ordering on temperature and cooling rate.

13 eta-Ti phase with increased strain at slower cooling rates.

14 for a broad range of warming and subsequent cooling rates.

15 r managing warm ischemia time and optimizing cooling rates.

16 te electron densities, modifying ionospheric cooling rates.

17 ofter when vitrifying the melts under higher cooling rates.

18 om fewer immobile particles formed at higher cooling rates.

19 lline fractions largely fluctuate along with cooling rates.

20 measured magnetic field characteristics and cooling rates.

21 verse relationship with laser power and bulk cooling rates.

22 ells in diverse sample matrices at different cooling rates.

23 lipid composition (stearin versus olein) and cooling rate (1 versus 10 degrees C min(-1)) had an infl

24 At high cooling rates (-10 degrees C min(-1)) the ice structure

25 than 33 degrees C was 10.4 minutes (average cooling rate, 14 degrees C/hr).

26 s, were measured at atmospherically relevant cooling rates (2-10 K/min) by thin film broadband dielec

27 ed fully within 1 min of cooling with a fast-cooling rate (-20 degrees C/s at cooling) and that silen

28 The high cooling rate, a consequence of a strong interaction pote

29 Increasing cooling rates allows oocytes soaked as in current practi

30 Cooling rate also affected emulsion thermo-reversibility

31 h can rationalize the effect of composition, cooling rate and annealing on room-temperature plasticit

32 The effect of cooling rate and annealing step on the solid-state forma

33 fraction of the fine eutectic decreased with cooling rate and completely ceased to exist at cooling r

34 It is observed that the cooling rate and composition of the reaction media will

35 Under a controlled set of conditions of cooling rate and concentration, both polymorphs can be i

36 this study was to determine the influence of cooling rate and contraction mismatch on the flexural fa

37 ), form preferentially depending on reaction cooling rate and isolation temperature.

38 The influence of cooling rate and pH on structure formation of HM pectin

39 ction enables a reasonable estimation of the cooling rate and phase transformation rate, and the diff

40 age of garnet can be used to calculate both cooling rate and TC if the temperature and age at the pe

41 belief has been that this requires both the cooling rate and the concentration of glass-inducing sol

42 The interactive influence of cooling rate and the sign and magnitude of thermal contr

43 Fast cooling rate and ultrasonic treatment favored the oil-ge

44 h is greater for the beta-Ti phase at slower cooling rates and a change in the relative phase fractio

45 s microstructure, for example, by using high cooling rates and cyclic re-heating(4-10).

46 most FCC MPEAs, insensitive to variations in cooling rates and even annealing treatments typically av

47 y dynamics in an exceptionally wide range of cooling rates and frequencies.

48 However, the intrinsic high cooling rates and high thermal gradient of the fusion-ba

49 t appears as a result of exploiting the high cooling rates and multiple thermal cycles of the manufac

50 antify freezing response of cells to various cooling rates and solution compositions.

51 Investigations of thermal parameters (cooling rates) and partial linker substitution reveal st

52 ients as functions of emulsion droplet size, cooling rate, and emulsifier type were investigated usin

53 the laboratory, varying maximum temperature, cooling rate, and starting particle size.

54 Particle size, cooling rate, and types of emulsifier all had an influen

55 files were recorded at different heating and cooling rates, and at different peptide concentrations.

56 n to timing, cryoprotectants, concentration, cooling rates, and cellular stability.

57 g environmental boundary effects, controlled cooling rates, and solvent selection.

58 rangement or structural relaxation at a high cooling rate; and (ii) competition of icosahedral order

59 The ultrahigh cooling rate, approaching the highest liquid-quenching r

60 The resulting cooling rates are fit to an evaporative cooling model ba

61 Slow cooling rates are necessary to sufficiently separate mix

62 melt pool dimensions, thermal gradients, and cooling rates are performed, enabling future comprehensi

63 The measured cooling rates are seen to correlate to the level of resi

64 Experimental heating and cooling rates are usually much faster than rates of unfo

65 ticles, whose population is sensitive to the cooling rate, are found to make the dominant contributio

66 analogue, and confirms radial variations in cooling rate as the cause of the vesicular texture of Un

67 ying addition coupled with the imposed rapid cooling rates associated with AM techniques.

68 The higher cooling rates associated with laser powder bed fusion re

69 sphere for the corresponding updraft induced cooling rates, assuming a hygroscopicity value (kappa) o

70 However, at cooling rates below 0.003 degrees C/s (i.e. cooling 10 d

71 to 6 hrs of onset has been hampered by slow cooling rates, but is feasible.

72 pursued, as it could increase the achievable cooling rates by three to four orders of magnitude and p

73 Also, the decrease in cooling rate caused the secondary phase fraction in each

74 Faster cooling rates caused smaller crystals whereas thermal hi

75 port unimolecular dissociation and radiative cooling rate coefficients of the 1-CNN isomer in its cat

76 e, supporting experimental observations that cooling rate controls aggregate size.

77 The ensemble is exposed to a set of finite cooling rates covering roughly three orders of magnitude

78 mulation and extension of the melt pool, the cooling rate decreases and the undercooling level increa

79 The asymmetry between critical heating and cooling rates disappears for small MG nanorods.

80 mperature sensing is mainly dependent on the cooling rate, dT/dt, whereas the absolute temperature T

81 t is dependent on both glass composition and cooling rates during glass formation.

82 n measuring sharp thermal gradients and fast cooling rates during the laser powder bed fusion.

83 e control of temperature, concentration, and cooling rate enabled us to ascertain the stability condi

84 ay's heat flow may be unusually low, secular cooling rates estimated from present-day values will ten

85 peed X-ray diffraction to extract subsurface cooling rates following resolidification from the melt a

86 Here we report cooling rates for group IVA iron meteorites that range f

87 With an infusion rate of 120 mL/min, cooling rates for the saline and slurry groups were -11.

88 Cooling rates for various groups of iron meteorites sugg

89 D melting curves recorded at several heating/cooling rates from 0.047 to 1.34 K/min show hysteresis a

90 With increasing cooling rates from 0.5 to 1.0 K/min the initial structur

91 oling rate and completely ceased to exist at cooling rates greater than [Formula: see text].

92 Direct measurement of critical cooling rates has been challenging and only determined f

93 of metal alloys that form glasses at modest cooling rates has stimulated broad scientific and techno

94 With heating and cooling rates higher than 10 degrees C/min to 1 degrees

95 By studying the electron-phonon cooling rate in disordered, suspended films with two-dim

96 We identify a slower hot exciton cooling rate in In(0.62)Ga(0.38)P/ZnS, attributed to the

97 study the composition effect on the critical cooling rate in the Al-Ni-Ge system where we identified

98 formed by slow, large-scale lifting or small cooling rates, including subvisual cirrus.

99 error bars, and new data from an independent cooling rate indicator show that the conventional interp

100 However, a standard cooling rate induced the formation of mannitol hemihydra

101 r, the underlying mechanisms leading to this cooling-rate-induced softening of amorphous solids have

102 The data obtained show that provided the cooling rate is -1 degrees C min(-1) or slower, there is

103 Again, the cooling rate is of less consequence.

104 The cooling rate is shown to dictate whether the structural

105 rified into a glassy state provided that the cooling rate is sufficiently high.

106 t are typical of glass formation at a higher cooling rate) lowers its yield stress, which might enabl

107 However, for DMTAP, cooling rates mainly affected size and only slightly mod

108 o near component shape, where a higher local cooling rate may be afforded by for example transient la

109 Under such a high cooling rate, melts of pure refractory body-centred cubi

110 nstance, an order of magnitude change in the cooling rate merely modifies the value of the glass tran

111 Improvements in the cooling rate model, smaller error bars, and new data fro

112 e is incompatible, however, with the diverse cooling rates observed within certain groups, most notab

113 A standard cooling rate of 1 degrees C/min with or without an annea

114 d ramp rate of 2.5 degrees C s(-1) and a low cooling rate of 1.5 degrees C s(-1) for reaching an anne

115 A fast cooling rate of 10 degrees C/min mainly produced delta a

116 solidification front) even under the extreme cooling rate of 10(11 )K s(-1).

117 st glass forming composition with a critical cooling rate of 10(4) K/s.

118 fast quenching back to room temperature at a cooling rate of 10(5) K/s to inhibit sintering.

119 y relevant solidification front velocity and cooling rate of 10.3 mm/s and 4500 K/s, respectively.

120 s by use of dilatometry data obtained at the cooling rate of 3 degrees C/min.

121 We measured the cooling rate of 3 M ammonium sulfate droplets undergoing

122 es C within 15 min in stage 1 with a maximum cooling rate of 5 degrees C/min.

123 The cooling rate of excited carriers is monitored at doping

124 The cooling rate of Mars is related to its early thermal sta

125 ve thick atmosphere on Mars that reduces the cooling rate of the interior.

126 eutectic volume fractions by controlling the cooling rate of the laser solidification process has bee

127 mo could have arisen through a change in the cooling rate of the mantle, or even a switch in convecti

128 By varying the cooling rate of the same compound from 2 to 10 K/min, th

129 ort a method that directly measures critical cooling rate of thin film metallic glass forming alloys

130 to profound hypothermia of vital organs at a cooling rate of up to 3 degrees C per minute.

131 s C and 1100 degrees C, under the super-high cooling rate of ~ 10(6) degrees C/s, in cooperation with

132 the data, we calculate an average chondrule cooling rate of ~560 180 K/hour, which agrees with value

133 Heating rates of >15 degrees C s(-1) and cooling rates of >10 degrees C s(-1) allow cycle times o

134 sures of approximately 1000 bar, heating and cooling rates of >10(10) K s(-1); these extraordinary co

135 erential scanning calorimetry at heating and cooling rates of 10 and 1 degrees C/min.

136 ied out on oriented samples with heating and cooling rates of 20 to 0.2 degrees C/min.

137 To test these conclusions, the evaporative cooling rates of a droplet train of liquid water injecte

138 bidopsis roots were found to be sensitive to cooling rates of less than dT/dt = 0.01 degrees C/s.

139 Finally, databases for critical cooling rates of metallic glasses and yield strengths of

140 Cooling rates of molten PbTe-CdTe compositions play a de

141 diffraction patterns provide the heating and cooling rates of single nanotubes.

142 that these droplets experience the expected cooling rates of ten to a thousand kelvin per hour.

143 sed, e.g. the effect of sucrose addition and cooling rate on the phenomenon of sol-gel phase transiti

144 Reducing the cooling rate or probe concentration for DPTAP bilayers r

145 nd kinetic nature of these phenomena to high cooling rates provides access to the knowledge-based and

146 n decompression-phase pressure) and cerebral cooling rate (r = .79; p < .022).

147 glasses (MGs) is quantified by the critical cooling rate (R C).

148 )(r) - T(LH)/, was identical for heating and cooling rates, +/-r, and varied as /r/beta for beta appr

149 Mn NbTi-microalloyed steel solidified in the cooling rate range of 1-50 Cs(-1).

150 Glass transformation in this cooling rate region is determined by atomic structure fl

151 ined results demonstrate that there exists a cooling rate region of 6.3 x 10(11)-16.6 x 10(11) K/s, i

152 This cooling rate requires a large-scale thermal event in the

153 Faster cooling rate resulted in an earlier onset of crystalliza

154 evident for the smallest samples and at low cooling rates, resulting in more than 40 K decrease in f

155 e indicates crystallization at an increasing cooling rate, such as would occur during magma ascent th

156 nto isolated domains is strongly affected by cooling rate, supporting experimental observations that

157 bstantially larger solar heating and thermal cooling rates than gas molecules, dominating the atmosph

158 ptimized by freezing platelets at controlled cooling rates that preserve activatability.

159 The lower the cooling rates, the firmer and more elastic were the fina

160 n due to relatively large ratios of electron cooling rate to electron transfer rate.

161 res the sensitivity of instantaneous OLR and cooling rates to changes in far-IR surface emissivity an

162 mes of temperature changes with well-defined cooling rates to intact roots of Arabidopsis thaliana ex

163 (strong) pulses, associated with low (high) cooling rates, to be followed by stronger (weaker) pulse

164 es that produce samples with a wide range of cooling rates (up to 10(7 )K s(-1)) and an enhanced semi

165 Using cooling rates, warming rates and CPA concentrations of c

166 (117,000 degrees C/min) even when the prior cooling rate was as low as 880 degrees C/min.

167 ween phase selection of crystal or glass and cooling rate was investigated using molecular dynamic si

168 robiological culture results showed that the cooling rate was the most critical factor influencing ce

169 as a function of temperature and heating and cooling rate, was employed for their structural analysis

170 ature of bond-orientation order at different cooling rates, we propose two mechanisms of glass format

171 tgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and infrared cooling rates where the column precipitable water vapor

172 cooling, causing a short-lived spike in the cooling rate, which we estimate to be 5,000-23,000 solar

173 )GaMnO(6) has been found to depend on sample cooling rates, with detailed characterization necessary