1 d either bidirectional or unidirectional) or
correlational.
2 These results are suggestive but
correlational.
3 ncentives, but these reports are necessarily
correlational.
4 evidence to support this assertion is mostly
correlational.
5 evidence for its involvement is, by nature,
correlational.
6 lue, support for this notion has been solely
correlational.
7 the link between spines and memory has been
correlational.
8 to value signals in the brain(13-15) remains
correlational(
16).
9 sing first-order dynamic correlations or non-
correlational activity patterns.
10 However, the
correlational algorithms they describe have not been dir
11 Both hierarchical task contrasts and
correlational analyses (rCBF versus weighted measures of
12 In addition, BoBro2.0 provides
correlational analyses among the identified motifs to fa
13 y and construct validity were assessed using
correlational analyses and factor analysis.
14 Correlational analyses between genetic markers and strai
15 Correlational analyses confirmed the relationship betwee
16 Correlational analyses demonstrated that the number and
17 Correlational analyses further elucidated the relationsh
18 Correlational analyses in the larger unselected sample c
19 Correlational analyses indicate that the association of
20 The
correlational analyses provide clear evidence for a func
21 Correlational analyses revealed a changing relationship
22 Correlational analyses revealed a positive association b
23 Correlational analyses revealed disruption to amygdala-r
24 Correlational analyses show that male smoking prevalence
25 Correlational analyses showed that these neuroanatomical
26 and performance in the patients, voxel-based
correlational analyses showed that tissue integrity and
27 Correlational analyses suggested that age of depression
28 Lastly,
correlational analyses suggested that the more unit-to-u
29 havior within the same animals, allowing for
correlational analyses to be performed between CA1 spine
30 They used
correlational analyses to examine the associations among
31 Correlational analyses were conducted to determine the r
32 Secondary
correlational analyses were conducted to examine relatio
33 Correlational analyses were conducted to examine the rel
34 Correlational analyses were consistent with a pattern of
35 Hypothesis-driven
correlational analyses were performed by the bootstrap m
36 performance declined with age, as expected,
correlational analyses were performed with and without p
37 Spherical averaging and whole-brain
correlational analyses were performed.
38 Correlational analyses were then conducted between the l
39 Correlational analyses with the entire study group (N =
40 cting ensemble information, as well as cross-
correlational analyses, are discussed in the context of
41 Through both factorial and
correlational analyses, we show a significant modulation
42 efficient (ADC) maps and conducted voxelwise
correlational analyses.
43 performance were examined by using voxelwise
correlational analyses.
44 om and subscale severity were examined using
correlational analyses.
45 Relevant mass peaks were selected by
correlational analysis and assessed with SVM.
46 Trial-by-trial
correlational analysis and optogenetic manipulation demo
47 Correlational analysis between reduced rCBF and BNT was
48 ANCOM-BC) was performed along with canonical
correlational analysis for microbial community profiling
49 Correlational analysis of 1'-OH formation versus 4-OH fo
50 Correlational analysis of physiological and subjective i
51 Multivariate
correlational analysis of transcripts and clinical param
52 Correlational analysis of working memory impairment and
53 Correlational analysis revealed that this finding was no
54 Correlational analysis showed no relationship between 7-
55 Pearson
correlational analysis showed strong negative relationsh
56 Correlational analysis showed that patients with left hi
57 Correlational analysis showed that patients with right h
58 A
correlational analysis using bivariate plots and fixed e
59 Correlational analysis was adjusted for sex, age, and di
60 Correlational analysis was performed to examine associat
61 cted nutrients and food groups and performed
correlational analysis while stratifying by living arran
62 Additionally, preliminary
correlational analysis with behavioral data relates that
63 is pattern of activations was confirmed by a
correlational analysis with breathlessness ratings.
64 This permitted a voxel-by-voxel
correlational analysis within Statistical Parametric Map
65 In a third
correlational analysis, CBV levels in the CA1 subfield d
66 Using
correlational analysis, we asked how a population of fro
67 Finally, through multiomic
correlational analysis, we identify high levels of the N
68 ies from each seed cluster for a whole-brain
correlational analysis, we investigated the effect of dr
69 d from the functional connectivity:behaviour
correlational analysis.
70 lfactory stimulus condition were assessed by
correlational analysis.
71 nvestigate the neural basis of empathy using
correlational analytic methods.
72 However, epidemiological studies are
correlational and cannot rule out the alternative hypoth
73 We report converging
correlational and causal evidence that spatial suppressi
74 dicted P3 size, best explained via additive (
correlational and causal evidence) and baseline shift me
75 rative approach to bridge the divide between
correlational and causal studies of human biology.
76 ion (TMS) in healthy humans, we provide both
correlational and causative evidence that action simulat
77 Cross-
correlational and coherence analyses demonstrated that t
78 Both
correlational and contrast analyses suggest that right a
79 techniques in vivo using microarray data, or
correlational and dimension reduction methods for analyz
80 However, neuroimaging data are
correlational and do not tell us whether core regions su
81 nal evidence, which were further filtered by
correlational and exclusion mapping analyses.
82 States, Australia and rural Uganda, through
correlational and experimental data, as well as an instr
83 suggestion is supported by a growing body of
correlational and experimental evidence, which raises a
84 Combining
correlational and experimental methods and examining att
85 We discuss evidence from prior
correlational and experimental studies that support this
86 Correlational and exploratory factor analyses were used
87 Statistical analysis was
correlational and included linear and fractional polynom
88 Correlational and machine learning analysis showed that
89 Using depression rating scale data and
correlational and multivariate analysis, the authors sou
90 We combined functional MRI with
correlational and path analyses to investigate functiona
91 The combination of results from these
correlational and pathophysiologic studies supports the
92 Exploratory,
correlational and predictive approaches are presented.
93 Correlational and regression analyses evaluated relation
94 ified fecal bile acid profiles; and based on
correlational and step-wise regression analyses, Parabac
95 r association with anxiety and depression in
correlational and subgroup analyses.
96 Pepper & Nettle's (P&N's) target article is
correlational and suffers from a serious genetic confoun
97 We note that these findings are
correlational and therefore do not prove a causal associ
98 Both Study 1 (
correlational)
and Study 2 (experimental) showed that Bl
99 to date, evidence in humans is predominantly
correlational,
and heterogeneous with respect to the lat
100 e analyzed through descriptive, frequencies,
correlational,
and regression analyses.
101 brain disorders and circadian dysfunction is
correlational,
and so whether and what kind of causal re
102 Most data were
correlational,
and these showed a significant associatio
103 Recent
correlational approaches also indicate that biases in ap
104 By contrast,
correlational approaches search for relationships betwee
105 eliness is a prospective risk factor for MD;
correlational assocations of this nature may be confound
106 significance of this by resampling to avoid
correlational bias.
107 While most of the supporting evidence is
correlational,
causal evidence comes from attempts to ex
108 Using a
correlational cross-sectional approach, we compared a nu
109 Independent meta-analyses were conducted of
correlational data and of data derived from comparisons
110 t validity with contrast analysis applied to
correlational data documented strong evidence of validit
111 Although
correlational data highlight positive associations, expe
112 sal inferences from selectively interpreted,
correlational data.
113 heses that are used to draw conclusions from
correlational data.
114 uited to participate in this cross-sectional
correlational descriptive study.
115 All studies used a
correlational/
descriptive design, and most studies used
116 over reactive methods, but we note that the
correlational design of our study has no implications fo
117 Descriptive and
correlational design.
118 using experimental, quasi-experimental, and
correlational designs (total N = 795), we examine the ef
119 uantitative studies, there were increases in
correlational designs from 1985 (35%) to 2010 (38%), exp
120 he studies were descriptive, qualitative, or
correlational designs that provide a strong base for und
121 t human studies have largely been limited by
correlational designs.
122 Furthermore, a '
correlational double dissociation' was demonstrated to e
123 To distinguish
correlational effects from simple ionic screening, we de
124 y to sensory coding via stimulus dependence,
correlational effects on sensory coding are dominated by
125 usal drivers of an animal's preferences from
correlational effects.
126 Our findings provide
correlational evidence for the claim that the circadian
127 ts (total n = 355,358) to rigorously examine
correlational evidence for the effects of digital techno
128 Correlational evidence in humans suggests that selective
129 Correlational evidence in non-human primates has reporte
130 Strong
correlational evidence indicates that cuticular hydrocar
131 ect of team diversity on noticing, there was
correlational evidence of an indirect effect of perceive
132 Substantial
correlational evidence suggests that prefrontal regions
133 While much
correlational evidence supports this hypothesis, direct
134 Many of these studies have used
correlational evidence to draw policy conclusions regard
135 phor is deemed problematic because it imbues
correlational evidence with causal power.
136 sal evidence) and baseline shift mechanisms (
correlational evidence), each with distinct prestimulus
137 iple overlapping theories resting largely on
correlational evidence, the EM approach emphasizes exper
138 Many previous studies are limited to
correlational evidence.
139 theory of sociality is supported largely by
correlational evidence; its persuasiveness would increas
140 e neural level, there is substantial, albeit
correlational,
evidence suggesting a link between dopami
141 Here, we combine
correlational,
experimental and meta-analytical data on
142 The present work used three approaches (
correlational,
experimental, and archival) to conduct a
143 Correlational,
experimental, and neuroimaging evidence s
144 ethnocentrism, to clarify the meaning of the
correlational findings presented in the target article.
145 Of
correlational findings that are not confounded, P&N igno
146 ealth recommendations based on short-term or
correlational findings.
147 studied mainly in healthy persons, yielding
correlational findings.
148 We developed
correlational fluorescent speckle microscopy to measure
149 Based on the
correlational Fos results, we determined the effect of b
150 s review moves beyond the problems thwarting
correlational GxE research to propose genetic differenti
151 ceived, supporting evidence has been largely
correlational in nature (but see [12]).
152 However, being
correlational in nature, this evidence might reflect a n
153 Because fMRI data are
correlational,
it is unknown whether activity increases
154 Because fMRI data are
correlational,
it is unknown whether activity increases
155 owever, if the PTSD-inflammation relation is
correlational,
it may not warrant further research aimed
156 consistent with this claim is predominantly
correlational,
likely driven by challenges in causally i
157 usal conclusions, our findings highlight the
correlational link between social emotion valuation and
158 A large
correlational literature suggests that loneliness is a p
159 tween poverty and children's outcomes in the
correlational literature, impacts estimated from social
160 We used voxel-wise
correlational mapping to determine age-related changes i
161 and global outcome measures were obtained as
correlational measures.
162 Narrative synthesis and a
correlational meta-analysis stratified findings by trime
163 ssed every 10 seconds using a modified cross-
correlational method.
164 neous continuous predictors in a voxel-based
correlational methodology analysis of high resolution st
165 omponent were then included in a voxel-based
correlational methodology analysis, yielding significant
166 However, common
correlational methods are confounded by age-related chan
167 Machine learning and
correlational methods are increasingly popular for infer
168 Therefore, metabolic and volumetric
correlational methods are sensitive to different aspects
169 nformation capture techniques or single-cell
correlational methods to establish CRE-to-gene associati
170 ering in a causal manner, in contrast to the
correlational methods used previously (primarily functio
171 ey variously used less recent study periods,
correlational methods, and small, local cohorts.
172 d part because most prior work has relied on
correlational methods.
173 First, a
Correlational Model assumes that V1 inputs achieve align
174 Correlational models, often used in ecological studies,
175 A
correlational multi-centre study of final year nursing s
176 ring the observed publication bias), and the
correlational nature of the available research require f
177 , but causal inferences are precluded by the
correlational nature of the data and generally limited c
178 Correlational network analyses revealed that alcohol alt
179 Brain network modelling goes beyond
correlational neuroimaging analysis and reveals non-triv
180 disorders, based primarily on evidence from
correlational neuroimaging studies.
181 Support for this idea has come from
correlational neuroimaging studies; however, direct evid
182 understanding, will come from integration of
correlational niche modeling with mechanistic niche mode
183 Cross-sectional,
correlational,
observational study.
184 Although results are
correlational,
one interpretation is that promoting a ba
185 In neuroscience, most research is
correlational or conditionally correlational; this resea
186 However, this hypothesis is based on
correlational outcomes and further studies should causal
187 Multivariable regression and
correlational partial least-squares analyses examined th
188 nships were statistically different from the
correlational patterns observed in typically developing
189 defining reliability for a particular study,
correlational procedures for assessing the reliability o
190 It examined a theoretical/
correlational process model in which mental and physical
191 The observation of genotype-environment
correlational processes and the hypothesized existence o
192 In this
correlational quantitative study, 152 expert pediatricia
193 Limitations of this study revolve around its
correlational,
rather than causal, nature.
194 These data describe a robust
correlational relationship between greater seafood consu
195 also examined whether there were pathologic
correlational relationships among brain activity in the
196 urpose of these analyses was to evaluate the
correlational relationships of the symptoms of obsessive
197 significantly limited by an overreliance on
correlational relationships.
198 the directionality of effect, weakened these
correlational relationships.
199 ersed, i.e., contained fewer inter-taxonomic
correlational relationships.
200 s unclear whether causal, rather than merely
correlational,
relationships in molecular networks can b
201 s, this poses a challenge to the predominant
correlational research designs and the search for sociod
202 ng methods to address the limitations of the
correlational research discussed in the target article.
203 cision-making however has thus far come from
correlational research in neurologically healthy individ
204 tressful experiences have been associated in
correlational research with positive adjustment.
205 In light of prior
correlational research, we also assessed the extent to w
206 Thus,
correlational results favor achlorhydria as the causal f
207 Our
correlational results suggest that signaling solidarity
208 protein packing order parameter, faster SLFA
correlational rotational time, and smaller S/W ratio (st
209 We review and discuss the importance of
correlational selection (selection for optimal character
210 for linkage disequilibrium despite previous
correlational selection acting on one functionally integ
211 Moreover, analyses of
correlational selection and frequency-dependent selectio
212 However, linkage disequilibria built up by
correlational selection are expected to decay rapidly (i
213 These interactive fitness effects caused
correlational selection between female throat color and
214 ect to multivariate selection are heritable,
correlational selection builds favourable genetic correl
215 Correlational selection can operate on both discrete tra
216 Specifically, nonlinear
correlational selection for specific combinations of col
217 Strong
correlational selection gradients among life history, im
218 pidly (ie, within a few generations), unless
correlational selection is strong and chronic.
219 enetic similarity within morphs: genome-wide
correlational selection links many traits to the morph l
220 acts most strongly on trait combinations via
correlational selection may reconcile this problem.
221 back may thus arise because predators induce
correlational selection on environmental components of t
222 mon mechanism, and raises the possibility of
correlational selection on plasticity.
223 Instead,
correlational selection related to allometric scaling, s
224 these covariances have evolved by the strong
correlational selection resulting from childbirth.
225 Despite broad acknowledgement of
correlational selection, the relevant theory has often b
226 in animal populations could be explained by
correlational selection, where the fitness advantage of
227 intraspecific arms races) often fuel chronic
correlational selection, which is strong enough to maint
228 pulatory sexual selection are under positive
correlational selection.(8) We imposed bidirectional art
229 larity metrics such as Euclidean distance or
correlational similarity scores suboptimal for use in th
230 of null hypothesis significance testing and
correlational statistics seem ill-suited to markedly noi
231 Logistic regression models and
correlational statistics were used to generate various i
232 This study used a genetic
correlational strategy to characterize the neurobiologic
233 pler to perform than computation of pairwise
correlational strengths or seed maps.
234 lity, how does encoding capability relate to
correlational structure (i.e., the spatial pattern of si
235 f gene expression levels, particularly their
correlational structure and non-normality, make simple s
236 Independent analyses-based on time lags, the
correlational structure in the data and computational mo
237 neity across neurons), and does knowledge of
correlational structure matter for decoding?
238 ays, in aggregate, largely accounted for the
correlational structure of endogenous brain activity and
239 eated trials to characterize dynamics in the
correlational structure of ensemble activity.
240 uld benefit from a closer examination of the
correlational structure of multivariate responses, which
241 associated with specific impairments in the
correlational structure of spike trains.
242 In addition to pattern frequency, the
correlational structure of the input environment also af
243 direction-agnostic mappings that reflect the
correlational structure of the natural world.
244 is robustly related to other diagnoses in a
correlational structure that is manifested both concurre
245 king hypotheses relying on IT trial-by-trial
correlational structure, finer IT temporal codes, or one
246 With factor analysis we assessed the
correlational structures of 26 probable carcinogenic tox
247 In five
correlational studies (Studies 1-5) we examined the rela
248 Although early international
correlational studies and experimental animals studies s
249 Many
correlational studies associate spillover with changes i
250 Purely
correlational studies cannot alone determine whether beh
251 es deal with individuals, whereas ecological
correlational studies examine populations.
252 Field-based
correlational studies have "ranked" stressors according
253 Many
correlational studies have examined the indirect effects
254 Recent genetic
correlational studies have implicated DNA damage repair
255 Correlational studies have reported musician enhancement
256 Correlational studies have shown a negative relationship
257 ence to date has been indirect, arising from
correlational studies in patients and preclinical models
258 Ecological
correlational studies look for associations between expo
259 Correlational studies of humans suggest that exposure to
260 Retrospective
correlational studies of humans suggest that moderate bu
261 across countries), priming experiments, and
correlational studies of the effects of religion on raci
262 Second,
correlational studies show that attitudes and intentions
263 Although
correlational studies suggest that digit ratios reflect
264 tatus in schizophrenia has been suggested by
correlational studies that link neurocognition to social
265 Here we extend these
correlational studies to determine if inducing dlPAG c-f
266 From the past 2 years, eight
correlational studies were identified which specifically
267 this review revealed mostly cross-sectional,
correlational studies which limits the ability to infer
268 Simulations,
correlational studies, and laboratory experiments have r
269 However, these are only the
correlational studies, and no functional study has been
270 Rather than prescribing semantics used in
correlational studies, it would be useful for neuroscien
271 gnizant that the evidence for PReMo rests on
correlational studies, we highlight core predictions to
272 which up to now has predominantly relied on
correlational studies.
273 Several predictions verified previous
correlational studies: (1) vein length per unit area is
274 Here, in a first
correlational study (N = 1,000), we validate a measure o
275 An initial
correlational study demonstrated that believing that soc
276 A cross-sectional,
correlational study design was employed.
277 A cross-sectional, exploratory and
correlational study design was used.
278 ctrometry for 116 subjects and examined in a
correlational study design.
279 Correlational study designs, a small number of studies,
280 We did a
correlational study of 330 children aged between 0 and 1
281 A
correlational study showed that trophic effects of top p
282 structural equation modeling, a descriptive-
correlational study was conducted among 212 consecutivel
283 In this descriptive-
correlational study, all patients with proven ICEP, who
284 In a preregistered
correlational study, Jewish identification was associate
285 Cross-sectional, prospective, and
correlational study.
286 A secondary analysis of cross-sectional
correlational survey data was conducted.
287 In this quantitative
correlational survey study, 100 parents who presented to
288 g this bidirectional neuromodulation-enabled
correlational synaptic learning rule into a computationa
289 d dynamics using a new method based on cross-
correlational techniques and white-noise analysis in sph
290 Brain stimulation approaches can complement
correlational techniques by uncovering causal influences
291 Although
correlational,
these results suggest that family dinners
292 Although the findings are
correlational,
they may serve to raise concern about the
293 t research is correlational or conditionally
correlational;
this research, in aggregate, informs caus
294 he ZA domain of Arf-GAP ASAP1, with a global
correlational time of 24 ns at 15 degrees C, a wide rang
295 By transitioning from
correlational to causal understandings of brain function
296 Correlational tractography based on diffusion MRI can in
297 Correlational tractography was performed to assess quant
298 Correlational tractography was performed using DSI Studi
299 grity of the nigrostriatal tract (defined by
correlational tractography) and the degree of striatal d
300 mean and variance do not adequately describe
correlational uncertainties.