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1                                     However, corticofugal activity triggered spikes in IC glutamate n
2 Consequently, recurrent excitation amplifies corticofugal activity, drives spikes in IC GABA neurons,
3 gic IC neurons fire spikes during repetitive corticofugal activity, leading to polysynaptic excitatio
4 ive action of distinct subsets of unisensory corticofugal afferents, afferents whose sensory combinat
5 lts reveal a remarkable self-organization of corticofugal and callosal tracts with a functional outpu
6 ed for the formation and maintenance of both corticofugal and intracortical pyramidal cell population
7 al cells projecting to distinct targets, and corticofugal and modulatory projection neurons.
8 triatonigral axon outgrowth, we observe both corticofugal and thalamocortical axon defects with eithe
9 ally well positioned to provide guidance for corticofugal and thalamocortical axons.
10 ical limit and defects in the pathfinding of corticofugal and thalamocortical fibers.
11  while coursing alongside descending tracts (corticofugal) as they extend through the internal capsul
12                              The descending (corticofugal) auditory system adjusts and improves audit
13 f Pax6 function on thalamocortical (TCA) and corticofugal axon (CFA) pathfinding during the period of
14 on factor controlling neuronal migration and corticofugal axon projections.
15 e errant CB1 cannabinoid receptor-containing corticofugal axon spreading.
16 usion, both the recovery of motor skills and corticofugal axonal plasticity are promoted by intracere
17 ortical plate do not segregate properly, and corticofugal axons do not develop timely, leading to a d
18 ty, ascending thalamocortical and descending corticofugal axons first intermingle at the pallial-subp
19 docannabinoid action, to excessive growth of corticofugal axons into the sub-ventricular zone in vivo
20     Perplexingly, anatomy studies imply that corticofugal axons primarily target glutamatergic IC neu
21 eurons often integrated inputs from multiple corticofugal axons that generated reliable, tonic depola
22 cal interactions between thalamocortical and corticofugal axons to form the IC.
23  ganglionic eminence-derived corridor and on corticofugal axons, but not on thalamocortical axons, an
24             Using optogenetic stimulation of corticofugal axons, we find that excitation evoked with
25 fraction of small-to-medium-sized long-range corticofugal axons, which also emit collaterals that inn
26 ntains many thalamocortical and callosal and corticofugal axons.
27 f prion-like spread at synaptic terminals of corticofugal axons.
28 axon responsiveness to Sema3A in presumptive corticofugal axons.
29 ramidal neurons of sensory cortices project "corticofugal" axons to myriad sub-cortical targets, ther
30 e errors in a variety of pathways, including corticofugal, callosal, and thalamocortical tracts.
31 de optogenetically guided recordings from L5 corticofugal (CF) and L6 corticothalamic (CT) neurons in
32             In the bat auditory system, such corticofugal connections modulate neuronal activity to i
33  conclusion, the tonotopic and non-tonotopic corticofugal connections of AI can potentially serve for
34 ional power, can only influence behavior via corticofugal connections originating from layer 5 (L5) c
35 ll fate that control interhemispheric versus corticofugal connections respectively.
36 tions of the circuitry of the basal ganglia, corticofugal connections, topographic maps in sensory sy
37 hat plasticity may be mediated by descending corticofugal connections.
38 B1 signaling is known to modulate long-range corticofugal connectivity, we analyzed the impact of THC
39 ate remarkable neuroanatomical plasticity in corticofugal connectivity.
40 ns, possibly reflecting differences in their corticofugal connectivity.
41 cribed synchronizing influence of the direct corticofugal contacts onto relay cells.
42                                         Such corticofugal control may be a general feature of innate
43 r colliculus receive differential degrees of corticofugal control; (5) cochleotopically organized are
44 ue using 2-photon Ca(2+) imaging of auditory corticofugal dendrites as mice of either sex engage in a
45         However, the behavioral relevance of corticofugal dendritic spikes is poorly understood.
46 track degeneration related to projection and corticofugal descending tracks associated with the right
47                                          The corticofugal (descending) auditory system forms multiple
48                   The recent research on the corticofugal (descending) auditory system, however, indi
49 uited for exploration of the function of the corticofugal (descending) system and the neural mechanis
50                                              Corticofugal evoked climbing fibre responses were mapped
51  (UL) and striatal projection neurons into a corticofugal fate, even if at low efficiency.
52 ogenesis causes re-emergence of neurons with corticofugal features.
53  the long-term cortical BF shift are the AC, corticofugal feedback and the cholinergic nucleus.
54 stimuli were examined in dLGN cells with the corticofugal feedback inactivated.
55   Decorticate-intact differences may reflect corticofugal feedback inhibition.
56  It now appears that the connectivity of the corticofugal feedback pathway is also fundamentally link
57                            In the absence of corticofugal feedback this alignment effect was essentia
58 w spatial frequencies and in the presence of corticofugal feedback.
59 re examined in dLGN cells in the presence of corticofugal feedback.
60 n subcortical nuclei and is amplified by the corticofugal feedback.
61 ed disruption of the development of auditory corticofugal fibers may interfere with the ability of th
62 as the corpus callosum, anterior commissure, corticofugal fibers, lateral lemniscus, and cerebellar p
63 nternal capsule (IC), comprised primarily of corticofugal fibers, showed higher axial diffusivity in
64  including the optic nerve, corpus callosum, corticofugal fibers, thalamocortical axons, lateral olfa
65 le that contain auditory thalamocortical and corticofugal fibers.
66 s, situated in close proximity to traversing corticofugal fibers.
67 lling along axonal bundles of the developing corticofugal fibre system.
68 n the cerebral cortex itself, secondarily in corticofugal fibres and the subcortical targets with whi
69 ns indicate that strength is conveyed by the corticofugal fibres destined for the spinal cord, wherea
70                   Though the trajectories of corticofugal fibres from each major component of the mot
71 s confirm that selective disruption of motor corticofugal fibres influences functional reorganization
72 al pathway, the conduction velocities of the corticofugal fibres that mediate the responses were esti
73                       The fastest conducting corticofugal fibres were estimated to conduct significan
74 s II and paramedian lobule by stimulation of corticofugal fibres.
75                                          The corticofugal function consists of at least the following
76 shift our focus to involvement of cortex and corticofugal glutamate projections.
77          In this study, we aimed to test the corticofugal hypothesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
78 first experimental arguments in favor of the corticofugal hypothesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
79            This is consistent with a broadly corticofugal hypothesis of selective vulnerability, in w
80                                         Such corticofugal influences could contribute to the developm
81                                              Corticofugal influences reach even into the inner ear vi
82 ps by tonic, but not exclusively excitatory, corticofugal influences.
83                                              Corticofugal inhibition of the IC may thus occur largely
84 transmission through the posterior thalamus, corticofugal input may be essential for normal processin
85  auditory corticogeniculate projections with corticofugal input to the inferior colliculus.
86                      These data suggest that corticofugal input to the NST may differentially inhibit
87 auditory thalamic nuclei receive significant corticofugal input.
88 hat project to the pons, receive substantial corticofugal input.
89 n, the entire IC appears to be the target of corticofugal input.
90 midbrain pathway and modulated by descending corticofugal input.
91                                     Although corticofugal inputs have been shown to modulate neuronal
92                               In conclusion, corticofugal L5B neurons establish a widespread cortico-
93                     These data indicate that corticofugal modulation also improves subcortical signal
94                            This asymmetry in corticofugal modulation is mostly, if not totally, creat
95                                              Corticofugal modulation is specific and systematic accor
96                            Recent studies of corticofugal modulation of auditory information processi
97 ecific effects can be explained by selective corticofugal modulation of individual olivocochlear effe
98                    In this study, we examine corticofugal modulation of rate-intensity functions of i
99                 This intriguing asymmetry in corticofugal modulation presumably functions for equaliz
100 rall excitatory, facilitatory, or inhibitory corticofugal modulation.
101 ions are optimized to play distinct roles in corticofugal modulation.
102 ateral and contralateral MEPs indicates that corticofugal motor fibres other than the fast-conducting
103 indicate that the widespread distribution of corticofugal motor projections may account for the favor
104                     We aimed to identify the corticofugal networks that directly influence meningeal
105 kes as key biophysical mechanisms supporting corticofugal neuron function: these long-lasting events
106 the timing of critical fate decisions during corticofugal neuron production and thus subtype-specific
107 ntrols the sequential generation of distinct corticofugal neuron subtypes by preventing premature eme
108 ies of the three principal sequentially born corticofugal neuron subtypes: subplate neurons, corticot
109 ng reveals sequential activation of distinct corticofugal neuronal populations in the medial prefront
110 acquisition of cell fate for closely related corticofugal neurons and indicate that differential dosa
111        However, functional properties of the corticofugal neurons and their synaptic circuitry mechan
112                                     Although corticofugal neurons are glutamatergic, neocortical acti
113 mporally selective, optogenetic silencing of corticofugal neurons during the trial answer period impa
114 ion factor, Fezf2, is sufficient to generate corticofugal neurons from progenitors fated to become me
115                           Here, we show that corticofugal neurons in the auditory cortex (ACx) target
116                       Axons from presumptive corticofugal neurons lacking the transcription factor Sa
117  contralateral projection (CCCs), descending corticofugal neurons of layer V (CF5s), and those of lay
118 of efferent neurons were studied: descending corticofugal neurons of layer V (CF5s), those of layer V
119 ence of excitatory amino acids released from corticofugal neurons on dopaminergic activity in the bas
120  addition, experimental generation of either corticofugal neurons or callosal neurons below the corte
121 ng, and patch-clamp recordings, we show that corticofugal neurons project and connect with spinal sph
122                                 In addition, corticofugal neurons showed a severe loss of axonal proj
123 FIB is strongly expressed in radial glia and corticofugal neurons throughout cortical development.
124 ing of UL cortical pyramidal neurons into DL corticofugal neurons, at both embryonic and early postna
125      Intrinsic-bursting (IB) neurons, the L5 corticofugal neurons, exhibited early and rather unselec
126  in controlling the sequential generation of corticofugal neurons--SOX5 overexpression at late stages
127 tion neurons, one of the main populations of corticofugal neurons.
128 g premature emergence of normally later-born corticofugal neurons.
129  PT neurons, M1 receptor activation promotes corticofugal output by amplifying recurrent excitation w
130  to aberrantly motorized corticocortical and corticofugal output connectivity.
131 aryal postsynaptic staining, suggesting that corticofugal output neurons may be modulated particularl
132 s 5 and 6) of primary sensory cortex provide corticofugal output to thalamus and they also project to
133 hough this has been clearly demonstrated for corticofugal outputs passing through the internal capsul
134 compensated by activity in areas that retain corticofugal outputs.
135                            Here we study the corticofugal pathway from auditory cortex to inferior co
136  cortex by focal stimulation of the cerebral corticofugal pathway was investigated in anaesthetised r
137 striatal direct pathway) and Fezf2-TdTomato (corticofugal pathway) BAC transgenic reporter mice in co
138  largest component of the descending sensory corticofugal pathway, but their contributions to brain f
139 onses evoked from different locations in the corticofugal pathway, the conduction velocities of the c
140                               These distinct corticofugal pathways antagonistically modulate SC respo
141  Here we review current understanding of the corticofugal pathways from Layers 5 and 6 and speculate
142                   We then inferred damage to corticofugal pathways in stroke patients (n = 3) by comp
143                                          The corticofugal pathways of ipsilateral and contralateral M
144                                        These corticofugal pathways represent the only means by which
145 quentially investigating different routes of corticofugal pathways through electrophysiological recor
146                    In the IC, the individual corticofugal pathways were found to be widespread, topog
147  of peripheral structures is the presence of corticofugal pathways.
148  neurite inhibitory proteins, lesion-induced corticofugal plasticity is possible even in the adult ce
149 ed through the feedback provided by amygdala corticofugal projection (ACPs).
150 ehensive disruption of frontal and cingulate corticofugal projection fibers.
151                                          The corticofugal projection from 12 auditory cortical fields
152            At superior levels of the IC, the corticofugal projection from the arm representation of M
153                          Localization of the corticofugal projection in the corona radiata (CR) and i
154 our understanding of the organization of the corticofugal projection in this critical brain region, w
155 losal projection neurons (CPNs) into induced corticofugal projection neurons (iCFuPNs) increases inhi
156                  Shh is expressed in layer V corticofugal projection neurons and the Shh receptor, Br
157                           Thus, via the same corticofugal projection, visual cortex not only modulate
158 erentation is dependent upon both descending corticofugal projections and ascending trigeminothalamic
159 nhanced growth and compensatory sprouting of corticofugal projections and functional recovery in rats
160                            Here we show that corticofugal projections are also involved in the most c
161 erized the topography of corticostriatal and corticofugal projections arising in the DSZ.
162  the mechanisms that control the guidance of corticofugal projections as they extend along different
163 d result from inhibitory input controlled by corticofugal projections conveying top-down predictions.
164                                              Corticofugal projections from the primary auditory corte
165 d to quantify the contribution of descending corticofugal projections on (i) the normal organization
166                                              Corticofugal projections to evolutionarily ancient, subc
167                                   Crossmodal corticofugal projections to the auditory midbrain and th
168                                              Corticofugal projections to the auditory midbrain, the i
169 a connection to be reciprocal and documented corticofugal projections to the facial nucleus, surround
170 ugh considerable overlap characterized these corticofugal projections, a general topography was disce
171 topography of both early thalamocortical and corticofugal projections.
172 asal arbors, and an axon with both local and corticofugal projections.
173  nuclei that are under the direct control of corticofugal projections.
174  the behavior, in contrast to other major L5 corticofugal projections.
175 injury depend on the integrity of descending corticofugal projections.
176 A neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Descending "corticofugal" projections are ubiquitous across mammalia
177                                              Corticofugal regulation of excitatory and inhibitory fre
178            This finding implies that diverse corticofugal roles in sensorimotor processing may requir
179 lanation of the non-linear physiology of the corticofugal sensory system.
180 unctions, but also a possible reciprocity of corticofugal speech and music tuning, providing neurophy
181                                     Although corticofugal synapses primarily release the excitatory t
182 auditory system, however, indicates that the corticofugal system adjusts and improves auditory signal
183                      The auditory cortex and corticofugal system evoke small, short-term changes of t
184 hypothesis is that, during conditioning, the corticofugal system evokes subcortical BF shifts, which
185                                 An extensive corticofugal system extends from the auditory cortex tow
186  itself can sustain the change evoked by the corticofugal system for some time.
187    Facilitation and inhibition evoked by the corticofugal system have been hypothesized to be respect
188                                         This corticofugal system is thought to contribute to neuropla
189              Thus, one role of the mammalian corticofugal system may be to modify subcortical sensory
190                                     Thus the corticofugal system mediates a positive feedback which,
191  Recent studies have shown that the auditory corticofugal system modulates and improves signal proces
192          However, the mechanism by which the corticofugal system modulates cochlear hair cells has be
193 tric stimulation of cortical neurons via the corticofugal system modulates cochlear hair cells in a h
194                                          The corticofugal system plays an important role in informati
195  and spatial domains can be sharpened by the corticofugal system.
196 ortical neural net working together with the corticofugal system.
197 -STN projection is one part of this multiple corticofugal system.
198 hat the collicular change is mediated by the corticofugal system; and that the IC itself can sustain
199     These data support previous reports that corticofugal systems work together with widespread later
200                               Thus, auditory corticofugal systems' contribution to learning and plast
201 -neu ligand and EGF regulate the activity of corticofugal systems.
202             We also identified several novel corticofugal targets (i.e., the lateral dorsal nucleus,
203                                        Major corticofugal tracts are crucial to the onset and progres
204 disorder, both at the cortical level and via corticofugal tracts, including corticospinal projections
205 r cortex and spread to its targets along the corticofugal tracts.
206  brain stimulation (DBS) of the longitudinal corticofugal white matter tracts connecting the prefront

 
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