ライフサイエンスコーパス: covert

1 lnerable to discrimination, both obvious and covert.

2 ed the proposed identity as an Archaeopteryx covert.

3 mary, secondary or, most recently, a primary covert.

4 solated feather considers it to be a primary covert.

5 es are overlapped by long dorsal and ventral coverts.

6 y diverged regulatory elements that we term "covert."

7 Characterizing these covert abilities is crucial for diagnosis, prognosis, an

8 , the complexity of individual variation and covert actions of genetic modifiers may confound single-

9 Using a backward masking technique, covert activation of left- or right-hand responses was i

10 uoyant supercritical CO(2) fluid, might be a covert agent aiding and promoting the physical transport

11 The ability of alpha-keto acids to covert amino acids into Strecker aldehydes was investiga

12 Swapping DPs between wing covert and breast downy feathers demonstrates that both

13 and how directive (overt) and nondirective (covert and food environmental structure) types of parent

14 ur results are compatible with the view that covert and overt attentional orienting are guided by fee

15 Covert and overt spatial selection behaviors are guided

16 d with visual form recognition contribute to covert and overt spatial selection behaviors remains unc

17 d with visual form recognition contribute to covert and overt spatial selection.

18 In both manual (covert) and oculomotor (overt) response modalities, and

19 We conclude that both covert- and overt-attention sites define visual referenc

20 aces rather than by fundamentally subserving covert articulatory rehearsal.

21 ng, and other forms of altruism--result from covert attempts to avoid social injunctions against self

22 much faster than the voluntary deployment of covert attention (without eye movements), which takes ap

23 From psychophysical evidence that covert attention affects early vision-it enhances contra

24 Covert attention allows us to select visual information

25 vements, SC activity is related to shifts of covert attention and is necessary for the normal control

26 The neural and functional mechanisms of covert attention are still under investigation.

27 Visual processing can be facilitated by covert attention at behaviorally relevant locations.

28 us accounts of visual search have emphasized covert attention at the expense of eye movements, and ot

29 An important unresolved issue is whether covert attention can also speed the rate at which inform

30 Covert attention can be voluntarily allocated, to a give

31 Covert attention can lead to improved performance in per

32 lling retinal stimulation, here we show that covert attention flexibly improves and speeds up both de

33 Covert attention improves discriminability in a wide var

34 its a retinotopically selective response for covert attention in the absence of significant visual st

35 Covert attention increased both the baseline activities

36 found an SRC effect relative to the site of covert attention induced by a flashed cue dot, and a con

37 We examined whether covert attention influenced the latency of the N2pc comp

38 Covert attention is associated with prestimulus blood ox

39 ous (involuntary) attention, confirming that covert attention is not driven by oculomotor programming

40 Covert attention is one of the most widely studied examp

41 hophysical research has shown that overt and covert attention is partially allocated based on salienc

42 humans including the selection of stimuli by covert attention mechanisms.

43 Here, we show that covert attention not only improves discriminability but

44 o obtain conjoint measures of the effects of covert attention on discriminability and rate of informa

45 n the impact of eye movement programming and covert attention on ERPs triggered in response to visual

46 Shifts of gaze and of covert attention rely on tightly linked yet divergent ne

47 Interareal correlations emerged during the covert attention shift to one of two peripheral stimuli,

48 h was designed to discourage any concomitant covert attention shifts.

49 s and lateralizations related to shifting of covert attention similar to the human N2pc component.

50 aried emotional expressions interfere with a covert attention task in macaque monkeys.

51 rted earlier and was more pronounced for the Covert Attention task, but was also reliably present in

52 For comparison, we also ran a conventional Covert Attention task, where the same cue now indicated

53 Previous studies using covert attention tasks have shown that shortly after a s

54 Covert attention to a peripheral site appears to define

55 Deployment of covert attention to a spatial location can cause large d

56 ormed a visual discrimination task requiring covert attention to either visual hemifield.

57 merely looking at numbers causes a shift in covert attention to the left or right side, depending up

58 ring a task in which a symbolic cue directed covert attention to the relevant location on each trial.

59 Furthermore, merely deploying covert attention within the same temporal interval witho

60 Moreover, merely deploying covert attention within the same temporal interval witho

61 more peripheral regions of the visual field (covert attention).

62 ng memory representation, the maintenance of covert attention, and the maintenance of a saccade plan.

63 ar ideas, alongside the importance of items, covert attention, and top-down/contextual influences.

64 ovements, when behaviorally dissociated from covert attention, modulates activity within visual corte

65 m locations that were recently the target of covert attention, quickly followed by the redirection of

66 When the cue was invalid and diminished covert attention, the covert-attention SRC effect disapp

67 Covert attention, the selective processing of visual inf

68 functional properties to support endogenous covert attention.

69 ggest a more nuanced definition of overt vs. covert attention.

70 nd a dynamic signal reflecting the subject's covert attention.

71 t that pupil dilation may be associated with covert attention.

72 ed in targeting eye movements and allocating covert attention.

73 ing region of space, a diagnostic measure of covert attention.

74 have focused on eye movements while ignoring covert attention.

75 hin visual cortices due to the allocation of covert attention; and the neural activity in higher cort

76 invalid and diminished covert attention, the covert-attention SRC effect disappeared and the overt-at

77 estigate the relationship between overt- and covert-attention-defined centers.

78 processes underlying saccade programming and covert attentional orienting may be based on common mech

79 sing can be similar to effects of endogenous covert attentional orienting, albeit smaller.

80 s in children, and additionally demonstrated covert AVB response subphenotypes that were independent

81 tive state but produced repeated evidence of covert awareness (patient 1) and, as a control case, a p

82 getative states who demonstrated evidence of covert awareness with functional neuroimaging stood out

83 eather is most likely an upper major primary covert, based on its long calamus (23.3% total length) a

84 Current efforts to detect covert bioterrorist attacks from increases in hospital v

85 iation--the number of reliably transmissible covert bits is at most proportional to the square root o

86 valve calcification remained associated with covert brain infarcts (risk ratio: 1.24; 95% confidence

87 calcification could reduce the incidence of covert brain infarcts as well as the associated risk for

88 antly associated with a higher prevalence of covert brain infarcts in unadjusted analyses (p < 0.01 f

89 brain volume (P<0.05 for both) but not with covert brain infarcts or white-matter hyperintensity vol

90 e biomarkers to total cerebral brain volume, covert brain infarcts, and large white-matter hyperinten

91 kinase C (PKC) to trigger the insertion of a covert Ca(2+) channel, Apl Cav2, alongside a basal chann

92 ial embolic sources, including minor-risk or covert cardiac sources, veins via paradoxical embolism,

93 Separating defences into overt and covert categories in this way and whether they act befor

94 Covert cerebrovascular disease and its consequences on c

95 ether these differences were associated with covert cerebrovascular disease on magnetic resonance ima

96 take by adjusting consumption in response to covert changes in energy density.

97 al magnetic resonance imaging assessments of covert command following.

98 All 4 patients with fMRI evidence of covert command-following consistently demonstrated well-

99 of light is a good example of a potentially covert communication channel, as very few vertebrates ar

100 cept critical private data, thus producing a covert communication channel, i.e. the human body.

101 he underlying advantage of EQS-HBC to enable covert communication.

102 Thus, reduced feedforward inhibition is a covert compensatory process that can maintain excitatory

103 been shown to be possible in both overt and covert conditions.

104 n in response to verbal command implies both covert conscious awareness and a capacity for intention.

105 Early detection of covert consciousness and cortical responses in the inten

106 the intensive care unit (ICU) and found that covert consciousness detected by EEG is associated with

107 ctroencephalography techniques have revealed covert consciousness in the chronic setting, but these t

108 Emerging evidence suggests that covert consciousness, or cognitive motor dissociation (C

109 us to interpret it as an upper major primary covert, contrary to previous interpretations.

110 ciated with higher levels of restriction and covert control at 7 y of age (beta: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.03,

111 he Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Overt/Covert Control scale and then adapting it to Portuguese

112 Overt and covert conversation gave rise to longer visual event rea

113 The covert conversation task was then undertaken by ten righ

114 ned the reaction time effects from overt and covert conversation tasks in this paradigm.

115 and between R1 and R2 and found additional "covert" copies of the same motifs that may be recognized

116 Subjects performed a covert counting task at fast and slow rates to control a

117 In the covert-criterion task, observers categorized a displayed

118 ifficult to fake whereas signals advertising covert defences can deceive would-be predators, and thos

119 ion of shared environmental risk, reflecting covert delinquency.

120 ngs on a distinct set of criteria reflecting covert delinquent acts (eg, stealing and hurting animals

121 ses of orbital cellulitis in connection with covert dental changes as well as to establish the role o

122 stimulus detection without motor movements ('covert detection') in the calcarine sulcus and lingual g

123 c patients considered to be at high risk for covert disease.

124 drome) deaths and two families with probable covert double homicides (ratio 9.0 [2.2 to 80.0]).

125 tive analytical tool to prevent phenomena of covert drug administration.

126 Covert DWV infection is commonplace and has been causall

127 Covert DWV-A infection also has been linked to impaired

128 udies that unexpectedly revealed evidence of covert DWV-A infection, we set out to explore whether th

129 predictions were confirmed, implying that a covert, dynamic attention-like process modulates dischar

130 croorganisms are the only organisms shown to covert electrically generated low potential electrons an

131 e same cue now indicated the direction for a covert endogenous attentional shift prior to an auditory

132 ce of words display elements of unconscious (covert) engendered views.

133 suggest that the primate brain contains fast covert evaluation mechanisms for guiding fixations towar

134 This suggests covert evaluation of stimulus values prior to first sacc

135 ertly (i.e., without fixating them), and how covert evaluations determine where to subsequently fixat

136 Orienting covert exogenous (involuntary) attention to a target loc

137 de the first neurophysiological evidence for covert face recognition in developmental prosopagnosia,

138 To study the existence and neural basis of covert face recognition in individuals with developmenta

139 are being covertly mimicked and also whether covert facial mimicry involves distinct facial muscle ac

140 Covert facial mimicry involves subtle facial muscle acti

141 To test whether covert facial mimicry is emotion-specific, we measured f

142 overt eyewitness responses that confound two covert factors: strength of recognition memory and the c

143 ymmetrical flight feathers overlain by short covert feathers.

144 This covert 'fingerprint' is intrinsic and virtually impossib

145 In sum, this study points at a covert form of auditory active sensing.

146 l-directed actions, but not necessarily more covert forms of processing.

147 information either with (overt) or without (covert) foveating eye movements is critical to primate b

148 ay to realizing communications that are kept covert from an all-powerful quantum adversary.

149 on is that this feather represents a primary covert from the ancient wing of Archaeopteryx.

150 through overt external behavior, or through covert functional neuroimaging methods.

151 show that AttK, AttL, and AttM collectively covert gamma-butyrolactone to succinate.

152 al motor cortex when overt generation versus covert generation.

153 en developed to allow clinicians to test for covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE).

154 wever, when screening is performed to detect covert homozygotes for frequent recessive mutations with

155 cross-species transmission and differentiate covert host specificity from true host generalism.

156 characterization of these parasites revealed covert host specificity, where each host species is asso

157 show (a) how speakers and comprehenders use covert imitation and forward modeling to make prediction

158 hanism of motor simulation - an unconscious, covert imitation of the observed facial postures and mov

159 process of motor simulation--an unconscious, covert imitation of the observed movements.

160 esent in all layers except for layer II, and covert in grid cells, which are the major spatially modu

161 tly supported by evidence of similar primary coverts in multiple specimens of Archaeopteryx-including

162 ced versions (85% and 75% conditions) by the covert incorporation of 3 or 4.5 times the amount of pur

163 The very existence of covert incorrect EMG activity ("partial error") during t

164 Those analyses revealed covert incorrect EMG activity ("partial error") in a fra

165 ia immunosuppression of the bees, activate a covert infection into an overt one.

166 Naturally, DWV persists as a low level covert infection transmitted between nest-mates.

167 y-highlighting the risk posed by substantial covert infections when changing control measures.

168 he deformed wing virus in honey bees bearing covert infections.

169 elucidate attentional dynamics, particularly covert influences.

170 ed that murine Pparg-P465L mutation leads to covert insulin resistance, which is masked by hyperinsul

171 riate analyses to investigate both overt and covert (internally generated) propositional and nonpropo

172 y that a decision or a proposition, overt or covert, is correct given the evidence, a critical quanti

173 nd slow subcortical learning gives rise to a covert learning process through which control of behavio

174 identified all appendiceal tumors as well as covert lesions, which may be more prevalent than previou

175 he anti-apoptotic BCL-2 repertoire requires "covert" levels of direct activators of BAX and BAK at th

176 served could be used 1) to alert dentists to covert MA use in their patients and 2) as the basis for

177 lcification, and aortic valve sclerosis with covert magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-defined brain in

178 and increasing size with increased risk for covert malignancy.

179 ic differences between ERPs triggered during covert manual and saccade preparation, lateralised ERP c

180 al/cognitive preservation and both overt and covert markers of awareness.

181 omplaints in the US alleged multifaceted and covert marketing activities.

182 Today, overt or covert mechanical forces govern cell biological processe

183 By employing such covert mechanisms, fixation behavior becomes dissociable

184 Here we tested whether the operation of covert memory reactivation influences the fundamental se

185 l-directed behavior relies upon a cascade of covert mental actions including motor imagery and planni

186 oteins from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which covert MEP to the corresponding eight-membered cyclic di

187 Systematic covert monitoring was performed by infection control per

188 explain this dissociation between preserved covert motor behavior and absent overt motor behavior.

189 onnections to the cerebellum are involved in covert motor operations and the control of eye movements

190 howed a direct relation with the presence of covert MRI findings.

191 valvular calcifications are associated with covert MRI-defined brain infarcts.

192 ions with orthogonal requirements, including covert multiparticle barcoding of pharmaceutical packagi

193 cientific research community, plagiarism and covert multiple publications of the same data are consid

194 Upper limb EMGs were recorded to control for covert muscle activity during observation.The movement-r

195 guage network at rest and during an auditory covert naming task in five bilaterally anophthalmic subj

196 nd selection can be buried in the leukemia's covert natural history.

197 pmental timing is "buried" in the leukemia's covert natural history.

198 mented resulting in both overt (visible) and covert (near-infrared, NIR) properties, with concomitant

199 of a PCR-based approach in the detection of covert neuroendocrine (NE) tissue.

200 ommon in the elderly and are associated with covert neurologic and cognitive impairment.

201 However, it could be a covert or a contour feather, especially since the latter

202 ource constraints, and when women experience covert or overt abuse in care settings.

203 gence in the left inferior frontal gyrus for covert or overt generation versus overt repetition, and

204 microsaccades can serve as an index for the covert orientation of spatial attention.

205 ogramming are also responsible for shifts in covert orienting (shifting attention without moving the

206 perceptual-motor responses (experiment 1) or covert orienting of visuospatial attention (experiment 2

207 Changes in pupil diameter also accompany covert orienting; hence the oculomotor system may provid

208 timal medical management of individuals with covert paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, is a topic of int

209 oth directly observable variables as well as covert, persistent states.

210 we aimed to trace the neuronal correlates of covert planning processes that precede visually guided m

211 the clusters; it also underlined the risk of covert plasmid propagation in healthcare settings and re

212 the clusters, it also underlined the risk of covert plasmid propagation in healthcare settings and re

213 may contribute critically to persistence of covert premalignant clones in children.

214 ral events, overt behavior, and hypothesized covert processes examined using data on the neural contr

215 We envision such systems could find use in covert product labeling and barcoding, as well as secure

216 Overt and covert racist laws and policies, personal implicit biase

217 om presenting corresponding sounds show that covert reactivation is a major factor determining the se

218 By extension, covert reactivation may determine the ultimate fate of o

219 ose that memory consolidation depends on the covert reactivation of previously learned material both

220 During covert reading, he demonstrated greater activity in the

221 cognitive processing of disgust using (i) a covert recognition of faces task conducted using functio

222 r (obligatory eye movements), or perceptual (covert reorienting of visuospatial attention) responses

223 Covert representations of future paths and reward were b

224 Recent work has shown covert representations of future paths in hippocampus an

225 portion of overtly correct trials, revealing covert response impulses not discernible in overt behavi

226 e claim that the control of attention and of covert response preparation are closely linked.

227 rrelevant visual probes presented during the covert response preparation interval were enhanced when

228 Analyzing both overt and covert response tendencies enables to gauge the ability

229 ectly and specifically involved in inferring covert rule switches.

230 cade task, demonstrating that the effects of covert saccade preparation on auditory processing can be

231 tentially greater health threat posed by the covert search for performance-enhancing agents that have

232 Monkeys performed a covert search task in which they discriminated the orien

233 The covert selection of sensory information for perception i

234 e superior colliculus is a bottleneck in the covert selection of signals for perceptual judgments.

235 mingly unrelated to ketones may reflect some covert shared molecular feature, the existence of odoran

236 serial search strategy and that these serial covert shifts of attention are directed by the FEF.

237 They show that the commonly studied covert shifts of attention away from the fovea are the e

238 in the frontal eye fields (FEF) for serial, covert shifts of attention during search but not pop-out

239 that these eye movements are associated with covert shifts of attention in the visual periphery, when

240 theory of attention, which posits that even covert shifts of spatial attention in the absence of eye

241 eas that control gaze are also recruited for covert shifts of spatial attention(1-9).

242 Animals may produce covert signals using a property of light that is invisib

243 One hurdle is the use of covert (silent) in-scanner recall to study autobiographi

244 However, as prior studies have relied on covert (silent) recall procedures, current understanding

245 two fMRI language experiments, one involving covert (silent) verb generation and the other overt (spo

246 cluded serrated lesions from the analysis of covert SMIC due to their distinct phenotype and biologic

247 Lesions with a high covert SMIC risk might be better suited for endoscopic s

248 ly SMIC or serrated, factors associated with covert SMIC were rectosigmoid location (odds ratio, 1.87

249 hat is not visible on endoscopic inspection (covert SMIC).

250 k signs to determine factors associated with covert SMIC.

251 h could be distinguished from the effects of covert spatial attention [11-13].

252 Both perceptual sensitivity during covert spatial attention and the probability of overt ex

253 vestigated the link between FEF activity and covert spatial attention by recording from FEF visual an

254 Cuing covert spatial attention can increase spatial resolution

255 Both suggest that the mechanism of covert spatial attention emerges as a consequence of the

256 Covert spatial attention has long been thought to speed

257 bject representations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Covert spatial attention improves processing at attended

258 Covert spatial attention produces biases in perceptual p

259 response time (RT) after a shift or hold of covert spatial attention served as a behavioral index of

260 erceptual judgment on the probe shape, their covert spatial attention was drawn to the original locat

261 at the SC also contributes to the control of covert spatial attention, a process that focuses attenti

262 ce that the SC contributes to the control of covert spatial attention.

263 is a critical cortical region for overt and covert spatial attention.

264 tical region for the deployment of overt and covert spatial attention.

265 There are two forms of covert spatial attention: exogenous attention is automat

266 ensorimotor regions known to guide overt and covert spatial selection are influenced by peripheral vi

267 icits (conduction aphasia) and studies using covert speech and haemodynamic functional imaging.

268 In this study, we compared the ability of 3 covert speech paradigms: Silent Sentence Completion (SSC

269 Activity in response to overt, but not covert, speech was present in bilateral anterior PT, wit

270 Unbeknownst to the participants, covert statistical probabilities were embedded in the ta

271 probabilistic classification tasks probe the covert strategies that humans use to decide among altern

272 ess when sampling was overt than when it was covert, suggesting that they avoided leaving negative im

273 ed either by misjudging the stimulus or by a covert switch between two stimulus-response contingency

274 gnatures and, hence, offer great promise for covert tagging of commercial products.

275 tion for neutrophil chemotaxis; and complex, covert tags by the transfer of an upconversion nanocryst

276 y of humans and monkeys to perform overt and covert target selection in the presence of spatially con

277 arietal area (LIP), and cuneus support early covert targeting of the cued location.

278 orld devices, but it is not known if a given covert task is the same when performed with and without

279 it is challenging to measure the quality of covert task performance.

280 tion to the cued side without eye movements (Covert task), to prepare an eye movement in the cued dir

281 s-shaped centerline found in modern primary coverts that appears to be documented here for the first

282 )/3'-OH nick in duplex DNA but was unable to covert the nicked DNA-adenylate to a sealed phosphodiest

283 was recorded immediately post-brushing after covert timing of the subjects, and correlation analyses

284 The results suggest that covert tracking is accompanied by a continuously shiftin

285 Covert tracking of lateralized objects evokes a differen

286 for human use of e-cigarettes to facilitate covert use of a range of psychoactive stimulants.

287 s by recording in macaque ACC/PFC during the covert utilization of attention cues.

288 ight inferior frontal gyri when performing a covert verb generation task.

289 This study used a covert verbal initiation fMRI task previously shown to e

290 ubvocal reproduction of speech sounds and by covert verbal labeling of environmental stimuli.

291 Rather than shifts between covert vigilance and avoidance of aversive facial expres

292 interferon production could help screen for covert virus infections.

293 object recognition--in monkeys performing a covert visual search task.

294 accade-related neurons in monkeys performing covert visual search tasks without eye movements.

295 monkeys performing memory-guided saccade and covert visual search tasks.

296 saccadic eye movements by frontal cortex and covert visual selection.

297 Here, we focused on soccer goalkeepers' Covert Visual Spatial Attention (CVSA) abilities, which

298 that developing oculomotor commands mediate covert visual spatial attention.

299 ubsystems devoted to shifting or maintaining covert visuospatial attention and indicate that these me

300 Covert visuospatial attention shifts to either a left or