ライフサイエンスコーパス: crack

1 ction is revealed normal to the trace of the crack.

2 n layer could inhibit the propagation of the cracks.

3 hin the glass/zirconia layer with no visible cracks.

4 demonstrate the ability to autonomously heal cracks.

5 d fractions (nu ~ 0.15) of high aspect ratio cracks.

6 n shown to be capable of guiding propagating cracks.

7 to evaluate structural integrity and natural cracks.

8 cus on detecting mechanical deformations and cracks.

9 trol material failure and guide the paths of cracks.

10 vol. %) comprised of both vesicles and micro-cracks.

11 ures with large columnar grains and periodic cracks.

12 follow the initiation and growth of fatigue cracks.

13 o avoid development of undesirable slits and cracks.

14 correspond to the direction of the observed cracks.

15 ck-tip blunting on the formation of sideways cracks.

16 e call this phenomenon "sideways" and stable cracking.

17 interfacial nanowires to retard penetrating cracking.

18 preserved without any sign of separation or cracking.

19 on/delithiation due to phase aggregation and cracking.

20 t introduces drawbacks such as intergranular cracking.

21 process for ethylene produced through steam cracking.

22 y continue these activities while others are cracking.

23 loma (5.7%), diffuse atrophy (6.4%), lacquer cracks (2.6%), intrachoroidal cavitation (2.2%), patchy

24 microstructures predicted to crack, actually crack), a substantial improvement upon the alternate sim

25 cracks; and Type III - hybrid or complicated cracks, a combination of a Type I and Type III cracks, w

26 ith an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction to crack acetylene at reduced temperatures, Na-based nanopa

27 itions into an inactive conformation with a "cracked" activation loop and with the alphaC helix swung

28 ility (84.8% of microstructures predicted to crack, actually crack), a substantial improvement upon t

29 teral branching and the opening of hydraulic cracks along the weak layers, even if these cracks are i

30 A crack and its propagation is a challenging multiscale ma

31 ealed cultural differences in the use of nut-cracking and ant-dipping tools.

32 y or use planar films that cause problems in cracking and delamination during flexing or heating.

33 could not accommodate large strains without cracking and dilation.

34 ese small, brittle objects that are prone to cracking and disintegration.

35 injection moulding, in which solidification cracking and hot tearing are also common issues.

36 ylation can prevent the activation loop from cracking and keep the alphaC helix in an active-like con

37 re structural materials must be resistant to cracking and oxidation.

38 We show strong confinement of thin film cracks and arbitrary steering of their propagation by in

39 The identification of corrosion, cracks and defects in pipelines used for transporting oi

40 the Li stripping/plating process results in cracks and fractures of the solid electrolyte interphase

41 teron separation factor of around 8, despite cracks and imperfections.

42 ght that extensional structures (extensional cracks and normal faults) generated during the post-seis

43 e estimations, sample-length effects, tissue cracks and shrinkage together may impede the reliability

44 ture can stimulate or suppress the growth of cracks and steer or arrest their propagation.

45 Widespread long cracks and the evidence of relevant mass loss in absence

46 derive analytic solutions for both subshear cracks and the leading edge of slip pulses.

47 ppear strongly influenced by the presence of cracks and veins in the rocks where fluids and resulting

48 The fragility of biscuits yields checking (cracks) and eventually breakage, which originated mainly

49 it opioids, methamphetamine/crystal, cocaine/crack, and marijuana, regardless of whether or not absti

50 e a material's mechanical strength, suppress cracking, and consequently benefit cyclability.

51 e, exposed at surface defects such as steps, cracks, and cavities, are thought to be responsible for

52 II - vertically (occluso-gingival) oriented cracks; and Type III - hybrid or complicated cracks, a c

53 Cracks appeared as bright lines with SS-OCT, with 3 crac

54 and kinetics of C(3)H(8) dehydrogenation and cracking are examined over Ga/H-MFI catalysts prepared v

55 hat the sub-particle regions with more micro cracks are associated with more severe surface degradati

56 These nano- and micro-scale cracks are further confined by larger scale intercrystal

57 g and monitoring of material degradation and cracks are increasingly required for characterizing the

58 cracks along the weak layers, even if these cracks are initially almost closed.

59 The intragranular cracks are noticed to be characteristically initiated fr

60 f crack growth, whereas at large strains new cracks are randomly initiated from nano-voids among indi

61 totype is presented, which can replicate the crack arresting mechanisms embedded in the natural archi

62 The crack arrests stably, and thus the material ahead of the

63 release of solvent takes place to repair the crack as it grows and progressively widens.

64 re and progressive release of solvent into a crack as it propagates and widens, providing unique insi

65 ing associated with intensive but controlled cracking at manganese-enriched prior-austenite grain bou

66 arify the physical origin of the TBs-related cracking at the atomic level of gamma"-strengthened Ni-b

67 This is best accomplished by the FE crack band model which, when coupled with microplane mod

68 A finite element crack band model, based on a recently developed anisotro

69 d 3 types of angioid streaks (AS) using AO: "crack," "band," and "hypopigmented." The first 2 were ve

70 possibility for large-scale manufacturing of crack-based or crack-derived assemblies and materials fo

71 study was to nondestructively analyze enamel crack behavior on different areas of teeth using 3D swep

72 clinical studies for the analysis of enamel crack behavior.

73 A statistical study of the cracking behavior as a function of crystal orientation i

74 A simple analytical model captures crack behaviour at the onset of propagation, while a two

75 tly enhanced load transfer strengthening and crack-bridging toughening simultaneously, but also const

76 that exist in nature, not only for thin film cracks but also for cracks ranging in scale.

77 ctants can cause tonometer tips to swell and crack by dissolving the glue that holds the hollow tip t

78 AA7075 can be safely arc welded without hot cracks by introducing nanoparticle-enabled phase control

79 If the damaging cracks can heal by themselves without any human interfer

80 The tonometer tip cracks can irritate the cornea, harbor microbes, or allo

81 tane) are initially produced by irreversible cracking chemistry, but, as thermal maturity increases,

82 eduction due to the post-seismic extensional cracks contributes little to increase the fault strength

83 g multiple embedded channels, non-contiguous crack control can be maintained at angles up to 45 degre

84 moisture effects on long-time deformations, cracking damage, and fracture in concrete infrastructure

85 we report on quasi-periodic arrangements of crack defects which evolve due to thermal stress under c

86 levels are attributed to brick pull-out and crack deflection along the ceramic/metal interfaces.

87 n, and crack reorientation at the nanoscale; crack deflection and twisting by characteristic features

88 th lower crack-initiation toughness and less crack deflection at osteonal boundaries than that of bis

89 mis-orientations of adjacent crystals induce crack deflection.

90 the dental-enamel junction and enamel tufts, crack deflections, and the initiation of new cracks with

91 large-scale manufacturing of crack-based or crack-derived assemblies and materials for use in optics

92 nvariant features for artificial and natural cracks detection have been demonstrated that the propose

93 In other words, the crack deviates from the standard trajectory and instead

94 onch shell is the generation of pathways for crack deviation, which can be generalized to the design

95 then fails the block, whilst in quartz, fast cracks, driven down cleavage planes, fails the bulk.

96 eans to keep 3D-printed single crystals from cracking due to unrelieved residual stress, or stress-re

97 idate the failure mechanisms, solidification cracking during arc welding of steel are investigated in

98 at can effectively arrest the propagation of cracks during fracture.

99 we introduce the Tactile Resistive Annularly Cracked E-Skin (TRACE) sensor to address the inherent tr

100 As the crack encounters regions of non-3C polytypes, its propag

101 wide manner in peanut representative of the 'crack entry' species.

102 s that demonstrate a propensity for sideways cracking, even in an isotropic material.

103 C(3)H(8) dehydrogenation and cracking exhibit first-order kinetics with respect to C(

104 However, nc-silicene with pre-existing cracks exhibits anomalous crack propagation and fracture

105 ization through UV light exposure, bonds the crack faces.

106 alytic activity and longevity in hydrocarbon cracking for propylene production.

107 Herein, we report that crack formation can be effectively harnessed by elaborat

108 ter this small fluid-loss by the extensional crack formation does not exceed 0.15.

109 ree fault strength recovery by the extension crack formation during the post-seismic period by analyz

110 esilience of flexible devices by suppressing crack formation upon stretching and bending.

111 re fluid pressure decreases by the extension crack formation.

112 These alloys are amenable to crack-free 3D printing via electron beam melting (EBM) w

113 Fracture of initially crack-free bodies often occurs due to plastic instabilit

114 Crack-free semi-polar [Formula: see text] Al x Ga1-x N e

115 a function of tensile strain to resolve the crack-free structural transformation.

116 Characterizing the transition from a crack-free to a cracked metal remains one of the most ch

117 The growth of thick (19 microm), crack-free, and pure GaN layers on Si with the lowest th

118 , predicting the initiation of intragranular cracks from grain boundaries or particle surfaces.

119 s stably, and thus the material ahead of the crack front continues to sustain load, thereby enabling

120 air is useful for removing hydrogen from all-cracked gas mixtures.

121 g accelerated passive dosing kinetics for 68 cracked gas oil constituents with typical equilibration

122 Cracked gas oil, cedarwood Virginia oil, and lavender oi

123 ile, which acts as the driving force for the crack generation and propagation.

124 these reasons, we focused on the origins of crack generation from phase transformations and structur

125 minate fracture toughness, strength and slow crack growth in ceramics.

126 In both membrane types, guided crack growth is only temporary.

127 asure their initiation toughness and average crack growth resistance using flexural tests.

128 three-dimensions (3D) the dynamic process of crack growth, microcapsule rupture and progressive relea

129 tween nanowire clusters guide the process of crack growth, whereas at large strains new cracks are ra

130 In dual layer membranes, crack guidance along embedded channels is achieved via i

131 In single layer membranes, crack guidance is achieved by minimizing the nadir thick

132 crystal grains adjacent to the 300 mum long crack has been analyzed through Laue diffraction peak sh

133 e-quarters of a century ago, fluid catalytic cracking has been one of the most important conversion p

134 (FESA) strategy to yield large-area periodic cracks (i.e., microchannels) with tunable spacing.

135 The crack in the CG Cu was blunted by dislocation-slip media

136 bstrate by laser 3D printing, but the sample cracked in the printing process.

137 hibit improved catalytic activity for cumene cracking in comparison to mordenite crystals prepared vi

138 Ductility-dip cracking in Ni-based superalloy, resulting from heat tre

139 intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in this alloy system.

140 n the nucleation and growth of intragranular cracks in a commercial LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode by us

141 Samples treated with air showed more cracks in cell walls than were observed in the cells wal

142 stigated, in which fungi are applied to heal cracks in concrete by promoting calcium carbonate precip

143 hitecture allows for automated inspection of cracks in polymer backsheets from photovoltaic (PV) modu

144 he tectonic events that produced the natural cracks in shale must have also created weak layers with

145 We believe that previous studies of periodic cracks in SiN films, self-de-bonding sol-gel films, and

146 e degradation of wood components resulted in cracks in the cell walls.

147 e that a broader approach to priming reveals cracks in the facade of syntactic autonomy.

148 verned by electrically controlled strain and cracks in the film.

149 vered ocean; a plume of material erupts from cracks in the ice.

150 slip mediated plastic deformation, while the cracks in the UFG Cu were formed at grain boundaries and

151 nd better quantitative evaluation of natural cracks including stress corrosion crack (SCC) and rollin

152 terior, a consequence of a dislocation-based crack incubation mechanism.

153 ive centers for C(3)H(8) dehydrogenation and cracking, independent of the Ga/Al ratio.

154 ation, and distribution facilitate and guide crack initialization and propagation.

155 irreversible dislocation motion followed by crack initiation and propagation.

156 ures are identified both as a likely site of crack initiation in tensile failure and as a source of m

157 coherency strains, which in turn may promote crack initiation under load.

158 rystallographic slip acts as a precursor for crack initiation, often at coherent twin boundaries.

159 cal loading, which serves as a precursor for crack initiation.

160 r results suggest the need to refine PSB and crack-initiation models in metals to account for gradual

161 d deficits in fracture toughness, with lower crack-initiation toughness and less crack deflection at

162 Understanding how an advancing crack interacts with the microcapsules is critical to op

163 Fluid catalytic cracking is a chemical conversion process of industrial

164 reduced, and the damage caused by electrode cracking is alleviated.

165 The rate-determining step for cracking is C-C bond attack of the same propyl fragment

166 We find the formation of the intragranular cracks is directly associated with high-voltage cycling,

167 r the ultimate load, and hence the effective crack length is characterised.

168 favored solution because it minimizes total crack length.

169 It started as a bilateral, crack-like rupture on a segment brought closer to failur

170 rizing the transition from a crack-free to a cracked metal remains one of the most challenging proble

171 elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), cohesive crack model (CCM), and extended finite element method (X

172 The line crack models, including linear elastic fracture mechanic

173 gible, and is, anyway, unaccountable by line crack models.

174 , and a recent analysis indicated that these cracks must have been completely closed by secondary cre

175 ne; Safety in Medicine; Slipping Through the Cracks; My Role, Redefined; and The New Normal.

176 how this small mammal is now allowing us to crack neural circuits as well.

177 We demonstrate this approach by predicting crack nucleation in a complex dual-phase steel, achievin

178 esults demonstrate that the onset of others' cracking nuts immediately prompts young monkeys to start

179 eys learning a traditional tool-using skill, cracking nuts using stone hammers.

180 When others stop cracking nuts, young monkeys sustain the uncommon action

181 h nuts before, during, and following others' cracking nuts.

182 hanism in which both the dehydrogenation and cracking of C(3)H(8) proceed over Ga/H-MFI via reversibl

183 at it is a product of kinetically controlled cracking of long-chain hydrocarbons.

184 eneous zeolite catalysts (e.g. for catalytic cracking of petroleum, partial oxidation of natural gas)

185 ion prior to drying to prevent shrinkage and cracking of the object.

186 pattern, tooth type, and the location of the crack on the tooth exhibited a strong correlation.

187 y of three-dimensional (3D) metallic annular cracks on polymeric microstructures possess high sensiti

188 st failure is the appearance of deep tension cracks on the top, and then shearing slip along the bott

189 indicates that the formation of extensional cracks only releases up to ~ 7-8% of the total pore flui

190 ce of DNA, six DnaC protomers latch onto and crack open a DnaB hexamer using an extended N-terminal d

191 other ATP-binding cassette transporters, is cracked open, consistent with CFTR's unique channel func

192 A new study identifies vibrations of eggs cracking open as the cue that triggers synchronous emerg

193 h we have followed using an original in-situ crack opening technique.

194 hemical properties than the flat one, and no crack or delamination occurs after electroplating PEDOT:

195 However, they tend to be easily cracked or broken and prone to leaks at operating temper

196 (1c) exhibit dramatic mechanical effects by cracking or bending with the release of N(2).

197 post-swelling removal, without the hydrogel cracking or crumbling.

198 amic control over wrinkle topography without cracks or delamination.

199 liquid phase in porous particles with narrow cracks or surface imperfections where the condensation o

200 eam melting are unacceptable (e.g., prone to cracking), or, after solutionizing heat treatment, recry

201 Cracks originating from the dental-enamel junction and e

202 f the rate of dehydrogenation to the rate of cracking over Ga/H-MFI is independent of C(3)H(8) and H(

203 H(2) inhibits both dehydrogenation and cracking over Ga/H-MFI via reaction with [GaH](2+) catio

204 Concrete is susceptible to cracking owing to drying shrinkage, freeze-thaw cycles,

205 oint-bend test in which both the bending and crack-parallel compression are statically determinate.

206 de I fracture energy depends strongly on the crack-parallel normal stress, in-plane or out-of-plane.

207 Because the crack-parallel stress in all standard fracture specimens

208 The predominant crack pattern for each location on each specimen was not

209 We found that crack pattern, tooth type, and the location of the crack

210 appeared as bright lines with SS-OCT, with 3 crack patterns identified: Type I - superficial horizont

211 ch ( n = 80 teeth) were inspected for enamel crack patterns on functional, contact and nonfunctional,

212 the key role leading to a mixed-mode II-III cracking phenomenon before appreciable wear.

213 that the fatigue resistance results from the crack pinning by the aligned nanofibrils, which require

214 diameter microcapsules within 400 um of the crack plane are found to rupture and contribute to the h

215 oirs, the healing agent is released into the crack plane through the capillary action, and after poly

216 n of crack propagation and distance from the crack plane.

217 n line directions are almost parallel to the crack plane.

218 periments, and unlike in previous studies on cracked plates and shells, we constrained flat elastic s

219 of archipelago motifs and the occurrence of cracking/polymerization reactions are central in the pro

220 tretchability is attributed to the two-stage cracking process induced by the synergy of micro-voids a

221 ite.Catalyst deactivation in fluid catalytic cracking processes is unavoidably associated with struct

222 challenges in understanding a broad range of cracking processes, in part because they are so difficul

223 rtant in industry, particularly in catalytic cracking processes.

224 onmentally friendly alternative to oil-based cracking processes.

225 Cracks propagate from the core of the weld towards the f

226 Under certain conditions, cracks propagate in a direction perpendicular to the ini

227 When a crack propagates and reaches one of these embedded reser

228 When fracture occurs, a crack propagates through diamond nanotwins of the 3C (cu

229 trate periodic interlayer-mediated thin film crack propagation and discuss the governing conditions r

230 their discharge quantified as a function of crack propagation and distance from the crack plane.

231 with pre-existing cracks exhibits anomalous crack propagation and fracture toughness behaviour.

232 erarchical architectures designed to control crack propagation and fracture.

233 microscopic Bouligand structures that guide crack propagation and twisting in three dimensions, whic

234 hreshold of 800 J m(-2), because the fatigue-crack propagation at the interface requires a higher ene

235 isting soft FRPs are relatively weak against crack propagation due to interfacial delamination, which

236 deforms to a high breaking strength, without crack propagation from the point of fracture.

237 ures (718-2,974 megapascals [MPa]) promoting crack propagation in bones, (2) tooth form and dental ar

238 ctivate multiple micromechanisms that resist crack propagation is key for the observed leap in mechan

239 tigue-driven exfoliation and demonstrate how crack propagation via thermal stress can lead to their d

240 ew sensing mechanisms include disconnection, crack propagation, and tunneling effects leading to dras

241 Because twin interfaces provide a path for crack propagation, twin transmission is relevant to mate

242 ganic boundaries between them still restrict crack propagation.

243 pal stress, because it more directly impacts crack propagation.

244 deformation, leading to voids formation and cracks propagation.

245 ed by eliminating tablet interactions during crack propagations.

246 , not only for thin film cracks but also for cracks ranging in scale.

247 article Pt/CeO(2) samples favor the C-C bond cracking reaction.

248 tion intermediates, which leads to secondary cracking reactions, especially for catalysts with narrow

249 ity in benzene hydride-transfer and n-hexane cracking reactions.

250 e change as Li, thus it undergoes continuous cracking/reformation during plating/stripping cycles.

251 recipitation strengthening design to counter cracking related degradation and improve high-voltage cy

252 rticle/nanoplatelet/nanorod translation, and crack reorientation at the nanoscale; crack deflection a

253 ies of fungi for the application of biogenic crack repair.

254 h while simultaneously showing extraordinary crack resistance are developed.

255 imilar to the substructure of bone, superior crack resistance can be realized.

256 ve areas (protrusions, flat film surface, or cracks) responsible for productive chemistry in these ma

257 stortion, which in conjunction with particle cracks results in serious manganese dissolution.

258 overned solely by the width of the developed cracks, revealed by post-test X-Ray Computed Tomography

259 ded curvature term successfully captures the crack's path.

260 of natural cracks including stress corrosion crack (SCC) and rolling contact fatigue (RCF).

261 ed two distinct types of failure mechanisms (crack sensitive and insensitive failure) and devised mec

262 te the presence of a pre-existing crack, the crack sensitivity of nc-silicene is found to be dependen

263 imaterial slip pulses initiate as "subshear" cracks (slower than shear waves) that transition to deve

264 the gas production rate at the wellhead, the crack spacing would have to be only about 0.1 m, which w

265 cytological study of the interaction between crack stress and bone cells.

266 e deformations from the unique laser-induced crack structures.

267 n, whereas the observation of strain-induced cracking suggests mechanical degradation in the material

268 Near the crack surfaces the elongated grains in ECAP-2 sample wer

269 loys, such as 7075 (AA7075) due to their hot crack susceptibility during fusion welding.

270 ch intrinsically eliminate the materials hot crack susceptibility, but moreover show exceptional tens

271 be generally applied to a wide range of hot crack susceptible materials.

272 ovides a simple analogy for various periodic crack systems that exist in nature, not only for thin fi

273 We compared the acquisition of the Panda nut-cracking technique between Mbendjele foragers from the R

274 atment strongly impaired water-induced fruit cracking tested by two different assays, and this effect

275 ovide a hypothesis on the origin of sideways cracking that relates to microstructural anisotropy (in

276 orders of magnitude higher and for C(3)H(8) cracking, that is 1 order of magnitude higher than the c

277 rous composites composed of zeolite and clay crack the heavy fractions in crude oil into transportati

278 theses that can guide future experiments and crack the ribosome code.

279 e is: despite the presence of a pre-existing crack, the crack sensitivity of nc-silicene is found to

280 cous relaxation and the development of micro cracks, the incidence of which scales inversely with str

281 Until we crack this regulatory Rosetta Stone, efforts to read and

282 imum deviator stress is tracked ahead of the crack tip on the experimental concrete samples under the

283 simulations also highlight the importance of crack-tip blunting on the formation of sideways cracks.

284 ical stimulation causes those cells near the crack to die, as indicated by live-dead and caspase stai

285 ral two-dimensional (2D) fragments, from mud cracks to Earth's tectonic plates, has two attractors: "

286 urrent commercial software, predict vertical cracks to propagate without branching from the perforati

287 cations suffer from brittle fracture and low crack tolerance.

288 identified: Type I - superficial horizontal cracks; Type II - vertically (occluso-gingival) oriented

289 stretching, typically fail via uncontrolled cracking under a relatively small strain (~30%), which r

290 ponsive wrinkle patterns that do not exhibit cracking under applied strain.

291 f petroleum refinery fluidized-bed catalytic cracking units.

292 Type II cracks were predominant on noncontacting surfaces of inc

293 Type I and III cracks were predominant on the contacting surfaces of in

294 on of new cracks within the enamel (internal cracks) were observed as bright areas.

295 ffirms that CNTs act as bridges across micro cracks, which explains the improvement in mechanical pro

296 acks, a combination of a Type I and Type III cracks, which may or may not be confluent with each othe

297 o a preexisting system of orthogonal natural cracks, whose spacing is about 0.1 m.

298 ture application but generally fail by early cracking with limited plasticity at room temperature, wh

299 ynthesis, m-xylene isomerization, and cumene cracking) with better performance than state-of-the-art

300 crack deflections, and the initiation of new cracks within the enamel (internal cracks) were observed